Advanced device architectures in solution processed multi layer OLEDs:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Abschlussarbeit Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
2007
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | 309 S. graph. Darst. |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Advanced device architectures in solution processed multi layer OLEDs |c vorgelegt von Nina Riegel |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2007 | |
| 300 | |a 309 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 502 | |a Köln, Univ., Diss., 2006 | ||
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a OLED |0 (DE-588)4762455-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 655 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)4113937-9 |a Hochschulschrift |2 gnd-content | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804140633249546240 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | 6 Tableof Contents
I. INTRODUCTION 10
II. THEORY ^
1. ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING D1ODES (OLEDS) 12
2. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF OLEDS 15
2.1 Charge Carrier Injection 15
2.1.1 Injection in Organic Isolators 16
2.1.2 Injection in Organic Semi-Condudors 24
2.2 Charge Transport in Organic Semi-Conductors 28
2.2.1 1-V-Characteristics 30
2.2.2 Space-Charge Limited Current (SCLC) 30
2.3 Recombination and Electroluminescence 33
2.4 Multi-Layer-Structures 38
2.5 Life-Time 39
3. MATERIALS 42
3.1 Molecular Organic Semi-Conductors 43
3.1.1 Electron-Transport Materials 44
3.1.2 Hole-Transport Materials 44
3.2 Electroluminescent Materials 45
3.2.1 Fluorescent Lumophores 47
3.2.2 Triplet Emitters 48
3.2.3 Main-Chain Polymers 48
3.3 Electrode Materials 49
4. CROSS-LINKING OF OXETANE-FUNCTIONALISED ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTORS 53
4.1 Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerisation of Oxetanes 53
4.2 Onium-Type Photo-Initiator 54
4.2.1 Sensitised Initiation 55
4.3 TPD Radical-Cations 57
4.3.1 Reaction Patlmays 58
4.4 Electronic Structurf. of TPD and its Radical-Cation 59
4.4.1 Oxidative Cross-Linking 60
4.5 Photo-Sensitised Cross-Linking ofOxetane-functionalisedTPDs 62
III. CONCEPT OF THIS THESIS 64
IV. RESULTS 67
5. POSSIBILITIES FOR OPTIM17JNG THE OLED ARCHITECTURE 68
5.1 Conductivity-Measurements 69
5.2 Light-Emitting Dual-Carrier Devices 72
6. ALTERNATIVE HOLE-1NJECTION IN BLUE EMITTING OLEDS 80
6.1 introduction of a hole-conducttnc.-layer 80
6.2 influence of heat-treatment of the device 84
6.3 Conclusions and Outlook 86
7
7. FLUORESCENCE QUENCHING IN ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTORS 87
7.1 ANALYSIS OF FLUORESCENCE QUENCHING DATA 88
7.2 FLUORESCENCE QUENCHING AS AN INDICATOR FOR REACTIONS IN THE FILM 89
7.2.1 Oxidalive Quenching with NO SbFt 93
7.2.2 Photo-Sensitised Reaction with the lodonium-lnitiator 96
7.2.3 Comparison of Oxidative and Photo-Sensilised Quenching 97
7.3 Dependence of Quenching on the Oxidation-Potential 99
7.3.1 OxiJalion wilh NO SbFf 100
7.3.2 Photo-Sensilised Reaction with the lodonium-lnitiator 102
7.3.3 Comparison of Oxidative and Photo-Sensitised Quenching 105
7.4 Removal of Radical Cations 106
7.4.1 Removal by Heat-Trealment 106
7.4.2 Removal of Radical Cation by Chemical Treatment 114
7.5 Application in OLEDs 116
7.5.1 OLEDs Heal-Treatedal Different Temperatures 116
7.5.2 OLEDs with Chemically Removed Radical Cations 119
8. REDOX-CHEMICAL DOPING IN HOLE-CONDUCTING-LAYERS 122
8.1 Mobilityin Doped Semiconducting Polymers 123
8.2 Redox-Chemically Doped Hole-Conducting Layers in Small Molecule OLEDs 124
8.3 Doping in Solution Processed OLEDs 126
8.4 Materials 127
8.5 Hole-only-Devices 128
8.5.1 Influence of Different Oxidation Potentials 128
8.5.2 Influence of Heat-Treatment 131
8.6 Doping in a Single hole-conducting layer in a blue emitting OLED 134
8.7 Removal of Radical-Cations by Using a Post-Baking Step 140
8.8 lntroduction of an undoped blocking layer 141
8.8.1 Doped QOPD-Layers with an OTPD Blocking Layer 143
8.8.2 Comparison ofthe Devices with and without Blocking Layer 145
8.8.3 Comparison ofthe Devices with and without Blocking Layer for HTL 9 146
8.9 Thick Hole-Conducting Layers 148
8.10 Conclusions 151
9. ACIDIC CROSS-LINKING OF OXETANES 1N1TIATED BY PEDOT 152
9.1 possible mechanisms for acidic c ross llnking 153
9.2 Cross-linkingCharacteristics 154
9.2.1 Temperatwc 154
9.2.2 PEDOT Variations 158
9.2.3 Conclusions ofthe PEDOT Variations 160
9.2.4 Glass-Transition Temperature of HTL 161
9.2.5 Additional Counter-lon 162
9.2.6 Swnmary and Conclusions Acidic Cross-Linking 165
9.3 Application in Hole-only Devices 165
9.3.1 Comparison of HTL 9 and HTL 10 166
9.3.2 Cross-Linking the Hole-Conductor 167
9.3.3 Temperamre 169
9.3.4 Composilion of PEDOT 171
9.3.5 Summary and Conclusions Hole-Only Devices 173
9.4 Application in Blue OLEDs 173
9.4.1 Materials 174
9.4.2 Blue OLED with HTL-lnterlayer 174
9.4.3 Acidic or Photo-Sensitised Cross-Linking? 177
9.4.4 Additional HPSS in the PEDOT 179
9.4.5 Temperature 181
9.4.6 Optimisation of Layer-Thickness 183
9.4.7 Cross-Linking the Emitter 188
9.4.8 Conclusions Blue OLEDs with lnterlayer 189
8 Tableof Contents
10. SURFACE-DIRECTED PHASE-SEPARATION (SDPS) 19
10.1 Materials 192
10.2 Cross-linking Experiments 3
10.2.1 HTL 10/SCB 255 93
10.2.2 HTL 9/CB 00 - Composition of PEDOTand Dumlion ofHeal-Treatment 200
10.3 Application in OLEDs 203
10.3.1 HTL 10 and SCB 255 - MixingRalio 204
10.3.2 HTL 9/CB 00 207
10.3.3 HTL 9/CB 00 - Duralion of Heat-TreatmeM 208
10.4 Conclusions and Future Work 210
11. MULTI-COLOUR OLEDS BV MULTIPLE EMITTER LA VERS 212
11.1 Theoretical Background 212
11.1.1 Energy-Transfer 212
11.2 Preliminary Experiments with Red, Green and Blue 214
11.3 Magenta-Coloured OLEDs 216
11.3.1 Fluorescence Excitation ofRed Emiller by Blue OLED 224
11.3.2 Moving the Recombinalion-Zone 230
11.3.3 Introduction ofa Non-Emitting Bhcking Layer of a Doped Blue Emitter 241
11.3.4 OLEDs with X-RED Layer on Top ofX-BLUE (inverteddevices) 248
11.4 Conclusions for Multi-Colour OLEDs 251
12. white oleds 253
12.1 Recent Developments in Literature 253
12.2 White OLED with a Two-Layer System 255
12.2.1 Turquoise OLEDsfrom Mixing X-BLUE andX-GREEN 257
12.2.2 Cross-Linked and non Cross-Linked Turquoise OLEDs 260
12.2.3 White OLEDs with Turquoise on Top of Red 261
12.2.4 Conclusions and Future Work 265
V. SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK 266
13. SUMMARY 267
14. OUTLOOK 274
VI. APPENDIX 275
15. MATERIALS USED THROUGHOUT THIS THES1S 276
15.1 holeconductors 276
15.2 electroluminescent polymers 277
15.3 Photo Initiators 279
16. experimental 280
16.1 Materials 280
16.1.1 Hole-Conductor 280
16.1.2 Emitter 280
16.1.3 Photo-Initiators 280
16.1.4 Oxidant 280
16.1.5 Solvents 280
16.1.6 PEDOT 281
16.1.7 ITO-Coated Glass 281
9
16.2 Film Preparation 281
16.2.1 Cleaning oj Substrates 281
16.2.2 Ozonisation 281
16.2.3 Spin-Coating 282
16.2.4 Photo-Initiated Cross-Linking 283
16.2.5 Oxidative Cross-Linking 283
16.3 EVAPORATION OF THE CATHODE 283
16.4 Characterisation 285
16.4.1 IV-Characteristics 285
16.4.2 Life-Time Measurements 286
16.4.3 Measurement of Layer-Thickness 286
16.4.4 VV-Vis Measurements 286
16.4.5 Fluorescence Measurements 287
17. PHOTOMETRIC UMTS 289
18. THE CIE-COLOUR-SYSTEM 292
18.1 The Human Eye and Colours 292
18.2 The Maxwell Trianole 293
18.3 The CIE Chromaticity Chart 298
18.4 ColourGamut 299
18.5 Black-Body Curve 300
VII. L1TERATURE 302
VIII. ERKLÄRUNG 308
IX. LEBENSLAUF NINA URSULA RIEGEL 309
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Riegel, Nina 1976- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)132734664 |
| author_facet | Riegel, Nina 1976- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Riegel, Nina 1976- |
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| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV024615018 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)315724245 (DE-599)DNB983459576 |
| dewey-full | 621.381522 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 621 - Applied physics |
| dewey-raw | 621.381522 |
| dewey-search | 621.381522 |
| dewey-sort | 3621.381522 |
| dewey-tens | 620 - Engineering and allied operations |
| discipline | Maschinenbau / Maschinenwesen Elektrotechnik / Elektronik / Nachrichtentechnik |
| format | Thesis Book |
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:03:05Z |
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| language | English |
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| spelling | Riegel, Nina 1976- Verfasser (DE-588)132734664 aut Advanced device architectures in solution processed multi layer OLEDs vorgelegt von Nina Riegel 2007 309 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Köln, Univ., Diss., 2006 OLED (DE-588)4762455-3 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content OLED (DE-588)4762455-3 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018587422&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Riegel, Nina 1976- Advanced device architectures in solution processed multi layer OLEDs OLED (DE-588)4762455-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4762455-3 (DE-588)4113937-9 |
| title | Advanced device architectures in solution processed multi layer OLEDs |
| title_auth | Advanced device architectures in solution processed multi layer OLEDs |
| title_exact_search | Advanced device architectures in solution processed multi layer OLEDs |
| title_full | Advanced device architectures in solution processed multi layer OLEDs vorgelegt von Nina Riegel |
| title_fullStr | Advanced device architectures in solution processed multi layer OLEDs vorgelegt von Nina Riegel |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advanced device architectures in solution processed multi layer OLEDs vorgelegt von Nina Riegel |
| title_short | Advanced device architectures in solution processed multi layer OLEDs |
| title_sort | advanced device architectures in solution processed multi layer oleds |
| topic | OLED (DE-588)4762455-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | OLED Hochschulschrift |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018587422&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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