Physicochemical treatment processes:
Gespeichert in:
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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Totowa, NJ
Humana Press
2005
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| Schriftenreihe: | Handbook of environmental engineering
3 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XX, 723 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 1588291650 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Physicochemical treatment processes |c ed. by Lawrence K. Wang ... |
| 264 | 1 | |a Totowa, NJ |b Humana Press |c 2005 | |
| 300 | |a XX, 723 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a Handbook of environmental engineering |v 3 | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Chemische Abwasserreinigung |0 (DE-588)4131208-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Mechanische Abwasserreinigung |0 (DE-588)4456437-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Mechanische Abwasserreinigung |0 (DE-588)4456437-5 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wang, Lawrence K. |4 edt | |
| 830 | 0 | |a Handbook of environmental engineering |v 3 |w (DE-604)BV035420351 |9 3 | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m GBV Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017479681&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| _version_ | 1804139038997741568 |
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* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * EDITED BY LAWRENCE K. WANG, PHD, PE, DEE Z
O R E X C O R P O R A T I O N , NE WTONVILLE, N Y * L E N O
X I N S T I T U T E O F W A T E R TECHNOLOGY, LENOX, MA*
KROFTA E N G I N E E R I N G CORPORATION, LENOX, MA* VUNG-TSE HUNG,
PHD, PE, DEE D E P A R T M E N T O F C I V I L A N D E N
V I R O N M E N T A L E N G I N E E R I N G C L E V E L A N D
S T A T E UNIVERSITY, CLEVELAND, O H NAZIH K. SHAMMAS, PHD L E
N O X I N S T I T U T E O F W A T E R TECHNOLOGY, LENOX,
MA ~ H U M A N A P R E S S ~ T O T O W A , N E W JERSEY
C O N T E N T S * PREFACE V * CONTRIBUTORS X I X * S C R E E N
I N G AND C O M M I N U T I O N * F R A N K J. D E L U I S E ,
L A W R E N C E K. WANG, S H O O U - Y U H C H A N G , * A N
D Y U N G - T S E H U N G 1 * I . F U N C T I O N O F
S C R E E N S A N D C O M M I N U T A R S * I * 2. T Y P
E S O F S C R E E N S * 2 * 2 . 1 . C O A R S E S C R
E E N S * 2 * 2 . 2 . F I N E S C R E E N S * 2 * 3. P
H Y S I C A L C H A R A C T E R I S T I C S A N D H Y D R A U L
I C C O N S I D E R A T I O N S O F S C R E E N S * 3 *
4. C L E A N I N G M E T H O D S F A R S C R E E N S * 5 *
5. Q U A L I T Y A N D D I S P O S A L F A R S C R E E N
S * 6 * 6 . C O M M I N U T A R S * 7 * 7. E N G I N E E
R I N G S P E C I F I C A T I O N S A N D E X P E R I E N C E *
8 * 7 . 1 . * P R O F E S S I O N A L A S S O C I A T I O N
S P E C I F I C A T I O N S 8 * 7 . 2 . * E N G I N E E R I
N G E X P E R I E N C E I I * 8. E N G I N E E R I N G D E S
I G N * 12* 8 . 1 . S U M M A R Y O F S C R E E N I N G D
E S I G N C O N S I D E R A T I O N S * 12* 8 . 2 . S U M M A R
Y O F C O M M I N U T I O N D E S I G N C O N S I D E R A T
I O N S * 14* 9 . D E S I G N E X A M P L E S * 15* 9 . 1 .
* E X A M P L E I : B A R S C R E E N D E S I G N 15*
9 . 2 . * E X A M P L E 2: B A R S C R E E N H E A D L O
S S 16* 9 . 3 . * E X A M P L E 3: P L U G G E D B A R S
C R E E N H E A D L O S S 17* 9 . 4 . E X A M P L E 4 :
S C R E E N S Y S T E M D E S I G N 17* N O M E N C L A T U
R E 18* R E F E R E N C E S 18* 2 * F L O W E Q U A L I Z A
T I O N AND N E U T R A L I Z A T I O N * R A M E S H K. G O E
L , J O S E P H R. V. F L O R A , A N D J. P A U L C H E
N 21* I. I N T R O D U C T I O N * 21* 2. F L O W E Q U A L I Z
A T I O N * 21* 2 . 1 . F L O W E Q U A L I Z A T I O N B A
S I N C A L C U L A T I O N S * 23* 2 . 2 . M I X I N G A N
D A E R A T I O N R E Q U I R E M E N T S * 25* 2 . 3 . M I
X E R U N I T * 2 6 * 3. N E U T R A L I Z A T I O N * 28* 3
. 1 . P H * 28* 3 . 2 . * A C I D I T Y A N D A L K A L I
N I T Y 2 9 * 3 . 3 . B U F F E R C A P A C I T Y * 3 0 *
3 . 4 . H A R D N E S S * 3 ] 4 . N E U T R A L I Z A T I
O N P R A C T I C E S * 3 2 * 4 . 1 . * N E U T R A L I Z A
T I O N O F A C I D I T Y 3 2 * 4 . 2 . * N E U T R A L I
Z A T I O N O F A L K A L I N I T Y 3 3 * 4 . 3 . C O M M
O N N E U T R A L I Z A T I O N T R E A T M E N T S * 3 4 *
5. P H N E U T R A L I Z A T I O N P R A C T I C E S * 3 6 *
5 . 1 . * P A S S I V E N E U T R A L I Z A T I O N 3 6 * 5
. 2 . * I N - P L A N T N E U T R A L I Z A T I O N 3 6 * 5
. 3 . * I N F L U E N T P H N E U T R A L I Z A T I O N 3 6
* 5 . 4 . * I N - P R O C E S S N E U T R A L I Z A T I O N
3 7 * 5 . 5 . * E F F L U E N T N E U T R A L I Z A T I O N
3 8 * 5 . 6 . C H E M I C A L S F A R N E U T R A L I Z A T
I O N * 3 8 * IX X CONTENTS 5.7. ENEAPSULATED PHOSPHATE BUFFERS
FOR IN SITU BIOREMEDIATION 39* 6. DESIGN OF A NEUTRALIZATION SYSTEM 39*
7. DESIGN EXAMPLES 40* NOMENC1ATURE . 43* REFERENEES 44* 3 MIXING J.
PAUL CHEN, FREDERICK B. HIGGINS, SHOOU-YUH CHANG,* AND YUNG-TSE HUNG 47*
I. INTRODUETION 47* 2. BASIE CONEEPTS . . 48* 2.1. CRITERIA FOR MIXING
SO 2.2. MIXING EFFIEIENEY 52* 2.3. FLUID SHEAR 54* 3. MIXING PROCESSES
AND EQUIPMENT 55* 3. I. MIXING IN TURBULENT FIELDS 55* 3.2. MEEHANIEAL
MIXING EQUIPMCNT 58* 3.3. IMPELLER DISEHARGE 69* 3.4. MOTIONLESS MIXERS
71* 3.5. MIXING IN BAT :H AND CONTINUOUS FLOW SYSTEMS 73* 3.6.
SUSPENSION OF SOLIDS . 77* 3.7. STATIE MIXER . 84* 4. DESIGN OF
FAEILITIES 86* 4.1. PIPES, DUETS, AND CHANNELS 86* 4.2. SELF-INDUEED AND
BAFFLED BASINS .. 89* 4.3. MEEHANIEALLY MIXED SYSTEMS 90* NOMENELATURE
99* REFERENEES 100* 4 COAGULATION AND FLOCCULATION NAZIH K. SHAMMAS 103*
I. INTRODUETION 103* 2. APPLIEATIONS OF COAGULATION 104* 2.1. WATER
TREATMENT 104* 2.2. MUNIEIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT 104* 2.3. INDUSTRIAL
WASTE TREATMENT 104* 2.4. COMBINED SEWER OVERTLOW 104* 2.5. FAETORS TU
BE CONSIDERED IN PROEESS SELEETION 105* 3. PROPERTIES OF COLLOIDAL
SYSTEMS LOS 3.1. ELEETROKINETIC PROPERTIES LOS 3.2. HYDRATION 106* 3.3.
BROWNIAN MOVEMENT 106* 3.4. TYNDALL EFFECT 106* 3.5. FILTERABILITY 107*
4. COLLOIDAL STRUCTURE AND STABILITY 107* 5. DESTABILIZATION OF COLLOIDS
109* 5.1. DOUBLE-LAYER COMPRESSION 110* 5.2. ADSORPTION AND CHARGE
NEUTRALIZATION 110* 5.3. ENTRAPMENT OF PARTICLES IN PRECIPITATE 111*
5.4. ADSORPTION AND BRIDGING BETWEEN PARTICLES 111* 6. INFLUENCING
FACTORS 112* 6.1. COLLOID CON :ENTRATION 112* 6.2. COAGULANT DOSAGE ..
112* 6.3. ZETA POTENTIAL 112* 6.4. AFFINITY OF COLLOIDS FAR WATER 113*
6.5. PH VALUE 113* 6.6. ANIONS IN SOLUTION 114* CONTENTS* XL 6.7.
CATIONS IN SOLUTION* 114* 6.8. TEMPERATURE* 114* 7.* COAGULANTS 114*
7.1. ALUMINUMSALTS* 115* 7.2. LRON SALTS* 116* 7.3. SODIUM ALUMINATE*
116* 7.4. POLYMERIE INORGANIE SALTS* I 17* 7.5. ORGANIE POLYMERS* 117*
7.6. COAGULATION AIDS* 118* 8.* COAGULATION CONTROL I 18* 8.1. JAR TEST*
119* 8.2. ZETAMETER* 120* 8.3. STREAMING CURRENT DETEETOR* 121* 9.*
CHEMIEAL FEEDING 121* 10.* MIXING 122* 11.* RAPID MIX 124* 12.*
FLOEEULATION 125* 13.* DESIGN EXAMPLES 127* NOMENCLATURE 137* REFERENEES
138* 5 CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION LAWRENCE K. WANG, DAVID A. VACCARI, YAN
LI, AND NAZIH K. SHAMMAS 141* I. INTRODUETION* 141* 2.* PROEESS
DESERIPTION 142* 3.* PROEESS TYPES 142* 3.1. HYDROXIDE PREEIPITATION*
142* 3.2. SULFIDE PREEIPITATION* 144* 3.3. CYANIDE PREEIPITATION* 145*
3.4. CARBONATE PREEIPITATION* 145* 3.5. COPREEIPITATION* 146* 3.6.
TEEHNOLOGY STATUS* 146* 4.* CHEMIEAL PREEIPITATION PRINCIPLES 146* 4.1.
REAETION EQUILIBRIA* 146* 4.2. SOLUBILITY EQUILIBRIA* 147* 4.3. IONIE
STRENGTH AND AETIVITY* 148* 4.4. IONIE STRENGTH EXAMPLE* 149* 4.5.
COMMON ION EFFEET* 150* 4.6. COMMON ION EFFEET EXAMPLE* 150* 4.7.
SOLUBLE COMPLEX FORMATION* 151* 4.8. PH EFFEET* 152* 4.9. SOLUBILITY
DIAGRAMS* 152* 5.* CHEMIEAL PREEIPITATION KINETIES 152* 5.1. NUCLEATION*
153* 5.2. CRYSTAL GROWTH* 153* 5.3. AGING* 154* 5.4. ADSORPTION AND
COPREEIPITATION* 154* 6.* DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 155* 6.1. GENERAL* 155*
6.2. CHEMIEAL HANDLING* 155* 6.3. MIXING, FLOEEULATION, AND CONTAET
EQUIPMENT* 156* 6.4. SOLIDS SEPARATION* 157* 6.5.* DESIGN CRITERIA
SUMMARY 157* 158* 158* 159* 160* 161* 162* 7. PROEESS APPLIEATIONS 7.1.
HYDROXIDE PREEIPITATION 7.2. CARBONATE PREEIPITATION 7.3. SULFIDE
PREEIPITATION 7.4. CYANIDE PREEIPITATION 7.5. MAGNESIUM OXIDE
PREEIPITATION XLL CONTENTS 7.6. CHEMICAL OXIDATION-REDUCTION
PRECIPITATION 162 7.7. LIME/SODA-ASH SOFTENI[ G 162 7.8. PHOSPHORUS
PRECIPITATION . .. 162 7.9. OTHER CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION PROCESSES 163
8. PROCESS EVALUATION 163 8.1. ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS 163 8.2. 8.3.
RELIABILITY CHEMICALS REQUIRED . 164 165 8.4. RESIDUALS GENERATED 165
8.5. PROCESS PERFORMANCE 165 9. APPLICATION EXAMPLES 165 NOMENCLATURE
169 REFERENCES . ... 170 APPENDICCS 174 6 RECARBONATION AND SOFTENING
LAWRENCE K. WANG, LY S. WU, NAZIH K. SHAMMAS, AND DAVID A. VACCARI 199
1. INTRODUCTION 2. PROCESS DESCRIPTION 3. SOFTENING AND RECARBONATION
PROCESS CHEMISTRY 4. LIME/SODA ASH SOFTENING PROCESS 5. WATER
STABILIZATION . 6. OTHER RELATED PROCESS APPLICATIONS 6.1. CHEMICAL
COAGULATION USING MAGNESIUM CARBONATE AS A COAGULANT...................
6.2. RECOVERY OF MAGNESIUM AS MAGNESIUM CARBONATE 6.3. RECOVERY OF
CALCIUM CARBONATE AS LIME 6.4. RECARBONATION OF CHEMICALLY TREATED
WASTEWATERS 7. PROCESS DESIGN . 7.1. SOURCES OF CARBON DIOXIDE 7.2.
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS 7.3. CARBON DIOXIDE QUANTITICS 7.4. STEP-BY-STEP
DESIGN APPROACH 8. DESIGN AND APPLICATION EXAMPLES .. NOMENCLATURE
ACKNOWLCDGMENTS REFERENCES. . .. .. . ,. 199 199 201 203 205 206 206 207
207 208 208 208 210 212 212 215 226 227 227 7 CHEMICAL OXIDATION NAZIH
K. SHAMMAS, LOHN Y. YANG, PAO-CHIANG YUAN, AND YUNG-TSE HUNG 229 1.
INTRODUCTION . .. 229 1.1. DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND CONCEPT OF OXIDATION 230
1.2. TBE DEFINITION OF OXIDATION STATE 231 2. THEORY AND PRINCIPLES .
233 2.1. STOICHIOMETRY OF OXIDATION-REDUCTION PROCESSES..... .. 234 2.2.
THERMODYNAMICS OF CHEMICAL OXIDATION . 236 2.3. KINETIC ASPECTS OF
CHEMICAL OXIDATION 240 3. OXYGENATED REAGENT SYSTEMS 243 3.1. AERATION
IN WATER PURIFICATION AND WASTE TREATMENT 243 3.2. HYDROGEN PEROXIDE AND
PEROXYGEN REAGENTS 246 3.3. HIGH-TEMPERATURE WET OXIDATION 248 4.
TRANSITION-METAL ION OXIDATION SYSTEMS 256 4.1. CHROMIC ACID OXIDATION
256 4.2. PERMANGANATE OXIDATION . 258 5. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN CHEMICAL
OXIDATION . .. 261 5.1. OZONE (01) PROCESSES 261 5.2. ULTRAVIOLET (UV)
PROCESSES 262 5.3. WET OXIDATION 263 CONTENTS 8 XLLL 5.4. SUPERCRITICAL
WATER OXIDATION 264 5.5. BIOLOGICAL OXIDATION 264 6. EXAMPLES 264
NOMENCLATURE . 268 RE/HENCES .. . 269 HALOGENATION AND DISINFECTION
LAWRENCE K. WANG, PAO-CHIANG YUAN, AND YUNG-TSE HUNG 271 1. INTRODUCTION
271 2. CHEMISTRY OF HALOGENATION 274 2.1. CHLORINE HYDROLYSIS 274 2.2.
CHLORINE DISSOCIATION .. 275 2.3. CHLORINE REACTIONS WITH NITROGENOUS
MATTER 275 2.4. CHLORINE REACTIONS WITH OTHER 1NORGANICS 279 2.5.
CHLORINE DIOXIDE (CI02) APPLICATIONS 281 2.6. CHLORINE DIOXIDE
GENERATION .. 211 I 2.7. CHLORINE DIOXIDE REACTION WITH NITROGENOUS
MATTER .. 282 2.8. CHLORINE DIOXIDE REACTIONS WITH PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS
AND OTHER SUBSTANCES .. 283 2.9. BROMINE HYDRO1YSIS 283 2.10. BROMINE
DISSOCIATION 283 2.11. BROMINE REACTIONS WITH NITROGENOUS MATTER 284
2.12. IODINE HYDROLYSIS 2L 4 2.13. IODINE DISSOCIATION 284 2.14. IODINE
REACTIONS WITH NITROGENOUS MATTER 285 3. DISINFECTION WITH HALOGENS 285
3.1. MODES AND RATE OF KILLING IN DISINFECTION PROCESS 285 3.2.
DISINFECTION CONDITIONS 286 3.3. DISINFECTION CONTROL WITH BIOLOGICAL
TESTS 287 3.4. DISINFECTANT CONEENTRATION 288 4. CHLORINE AND
CHLORINATION 2811 4.1. CHLORINE COMPOUNDS AND ELEMENTAL CHLORINE 289
4.2. CH10RINE FEEDERS 290 4.3. CHLORINE HANDLING EQUIPMENT 291 4.4.
MEASUREMENT OF CHLORINE RESIDUALS .. 291 4.5. CHLORINE DOSAGES 292 4.6.
CHLORINATION BY-PRODUCTS 293 5. CHLORINE DIOXIDE DISINFECTION 294 6.
BROMINE AND BROMINATION 294 7. IODINE AND IODINATION . 295 8. OZONE AND
OZONATION 295 9. COST DATA 295 10. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN HALOGENATION
TECHNOLOGY 296 10.1. RECENT ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS AND REGULATIONS 296
10.2. CH10RINE DIOXIDE 297 10.3. CHLORAMINES 298 10.4. COAGULANT . 298
10.5. OZONE .. 299 10.6. ORGANIE DISINFECTANTS 299 10.7. ULTRAVIOLET
(UV) 300 11. DISINFECTION SYSTEM DESIGN 300 11.1. DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
SUMMARY 300 11.2. WASTEWATER DISINFECTION 30 I 11.3. POTABLE WATER
DISINFECTION 303 12. DESIGN AND APPLICATION EXAMPLES 305 12.1. EXAMPLE 1
(WASTEWATER DISINFECTION) 305 12.2. EXAMPLE 2 (POTABLE WATER
DISINFECTION) 308 12.3. EXAMPLE 3 (GLOSSARY OF HALOGENATION,
CHLORINATION, OXIDATION, AND DISINFECTION) 308 NOMENCLATURE .. 311
REFERENCES . 3 1 XIV CONTENTS 9 OZONATION NAZIH K. SHAMMAS AND LAWRENCE
K. WANG 315 I. INTRODUCTION 315 I. I. GENERAL 315 1.2. ALTERNATIVE
DISINFECTANTS 316 2. PROPERTIES AND CHEMISTRY 01 OZONE 316 2.1. GENERAL
316 2.2. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 316 2.3. CHEMICAI PROPERTIES 317 2.4.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES 319 3. APPLICATIONS 01 OZONE 319 3.1.
DISINFECTION AGAINST PATHOGENS 319 3.2. ZEBRA MUSSEI ABATEMENT 320 3.3.
IRON AND MANGANESE REMOVAL 320 3.4. COLOR REMOVAL 320 3.5. CONTROL 01
TASTE AND ODOR 321 3.6. ELIMINATION 01 ORGANIC CHEMICALS 321 3.7.
CONTROL 01 ALGAE 321 3.8. AID IN COAGULATION AND DESTABILIZATION 01
TURBIDITY 321 4. PROCESS AND DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 321 4.1. OXYGEN AND
OZONE 321 4.2. DISINFECTION 01 WATER BY OZONE 322 4.3. DISINFECTION 01
WASTEWATER BY OZONE 324 4.4. DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS 333 4.5.
OXYGENATION BY OZONE 334 4.6. ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES 337 5.
OZONATION SYSTEM 340 5.1. AIR PREPARATION 341 5.2. ELECTRICAL POWER
SUPPLY 344 5.3. OZONE GENERATION 344 5.4. OZONE CONTACTING 345 5.5.
DESTRUCTION 01 OZONE CONTACTOR EXHAUST GAS 348 5.6. MONITORS AND
CONTROLLERS 349 6. COSTS 01 OZONATION SYSTEMS 349 6.1. EQUIPMENT COSTS
349 6.2. INSTALLATION COSTS 352 6.3. HOUSING COSTS 353 6.4. OPERATING
AND MAINTENANCE COSTS 353 7. SAFETY 353 NOMENCLATURE 354 REFERENCES 355
10 ELECTROLYSIS J. PAUL CHEN, SHOOU-YUH CHANG, AND YUNG-TSE HUNG 359 I.
INTRODUCTION 359 2. MECHANISMS 01 ELECTROLYSIS 362 3. ORGANIC AND
SUSPENDED SOLIDS REMOVAL 363 3.1. ORGANIC AND SUSPENDED SOLIDS REMOVAL
BY REGULAR ELECTROLYSIS 363 3.2. ORGANIC AND SUSPENDED SOLIDS REMOVAL BY
ELECTROCOAGULATION 364 4. DISINFECTION 366 5. PHOSPHATE REMOVAL 368 6.
AMMONIUM REMOVAL 369 7. CYANIDE DESTRUCTION 369 8. METAL REMOVAL 370 9.
REMEDIATION 01 NITROAROMATIC EXPLOSIVES-CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER 372
10. ELECTROLYSIS-STIMULATED BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT 374 10.1. NITROGEN
REMOVAL 375 10.2. ELECTROLYTIC OXYGEN GENERATION 374 REFERENCES 376
CONTENTS* XV* 11* SEDIMENTATION NAZIH K. SHAMMAS, INDER JIT KUMAR,
SHOOU-YUH CHANG,* AND YUNG-TSE HUNG 379* I. INTRODUCTION* 379* 1.1.
HISTORICAL* 379* 1.2. DEFINITION AND OBJECTIVE OF SEDIMENTATION* 380*
1.3. SIGNIFICANCE OF SEDIMENTATION IN WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT*
380* 2. TYPES OF CLARIFICATION* . 380* 3. THEORY OF SEDIMENTATION* 381*
3.1. CLASS 1 CLARIFICATION* 382* 3.2. CLASS 2 CLARIFICATION ..* 386*
3.3. ZONE SETTLING* .. 387* 3.4. COMPRESSION SETTLING* 390* 4.
SEDIMENTATION TANKS IN WATER TREATMENT* 390* 4.1. GENERAL CONSIDERATION
..* 390* 4.2. INLET AND OUTLET CONTROL* 391* 4.3. TANK GEOMETRY* 392*
4.4. SHORT CIRCUITING* 392* 4.5. DETENTION TIME* 392* 4.6. TANK DESIGN*
393* 5. SEDIMENTATION TANKS IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT* 394* 5.1. GENERAL
CONSIDERATION AND BASIS OF DESIGN* 394* 5.2. REGULATORY STANDARDS* 395*
5.3. TANK TYPES* .. 395* 6. GRIT CHAMBER* 398* 6.1. GENERAL* 398* 6.2.
TYPES OF GRIT CHAMBERS* 399* 6.3. VELOCITY CONTROL DEVICES* 400* 6.4.
DESIGN OF GRIT CHAMBER* 402* 7. GRAVITY THICKENING IN SLUDGE
TREATMENT..* 403* 7.1. DESIGN OF SLUDGE THICKENERS* 405* 8. RECENT
DEVELOPMENTS* . 406* 8.1. THEORY OF SHALLOW DEPTH SETTLING* 407* 8.2.
TUBE SETTLERS* 409* 8.3. LAMELLA SEPARATOR* 410* 8.4. OTHER
IMPROVEMENTS* 411* 9. SEDIMENTATION IN AIR STREAMS* 412* 9.1. GENERAL*
412* 9.2. GRAVITY SETTIERS* 413* 10. COSTS* 414* 10.1. GENERAL* 414*
10.2. SEDIMENTATION TANKS* 414* 10.3. GRAVITY THICKENERS* 416* 10.4.
TUBE SETTLERS* .. 416* 11. DESIGN EXAMPLES 418* NOMENCLATURE 426*
REFERENCES 427* APPENDIX: US YEARLY AVERAGE COST INDEX FOR UTILITIES
429* 12* DISSOLVED AIR FLOTATION* LAWRENCE K. WANG, EDWARD M. FAHEY, AND
ZUCHENG WU 431* I. INTRODUCTION .* 43L 1.1. ADSORPTIVE BUBBLE SEPARATION
PROCESSES* 431* 1.2. CONTENT AND OBJECTIVES* 434* 2. HISTORICAL
DEVCLOPMENT OF CLARIFICATION PROCESSES* 435* 2.1. CONVENTIONAL
SEDIMENTATION CLARIFIERS* 435* 2.2. INNOVATIVE FLOTATION CLARIFIERS*
437* 3. DISSOLVED AIR FLOTATION PROCESS* 440* 3.1. PROCESS DESCRIPTION*
440* XVL* CONTENTS 3.2. PROCESS CONFIGURATIONS , ,..,..,.., ,..,..,..
. , ,..,.., ,.,..,.., , ,.., . .. . .. . 441 3.3. FACTORS
AFFECTING DISSOLVED AIR FLOTATION . . .. . . .. 443* 4.*
DISSOLVED AIR FLOTATION THEORY , . . .. .. 444*
4.1. GAS-TO-SOLIDS RATIO OF FULL FLOW PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM .
.. .. ,,, ,,,, ,, 444* 4.2. GAS-TO-SOLIDS RATIO OF PARTIAL FLOW
PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM 446* 4.3, GAS-TO-SOLIDS RATIO OF
RECYCLE FLOW PRESSURIZATION .. ..,,,,,, 447* 4.4. AIR
SOLUBILITY IN WATER AT I ATM . . .. .. . . .. ,, 448* 4,5.
PRESSURE CAJCULATIONS ..,. .. . . . ., , ,., ,,, .,, , ,
,,, , 449* 4.6. HYDRAULIC LOADING RATE , , , ,.. .,.. , ,..
,.. ,.. ., , , ,,,., 449* 4.7. SOLIDS LOADING RATC ,,, , ., ,,, ,,
,,, .., ,, ,, ,, ,,, .. ..,,,, , .,..,, 451* 5, DESIGN.
OPERATION, AND PERFORMANCE .. .. . . .. ..
.. . . 453* 5.1, OPERATIONAL PARAMETERS , ,,, ..,,.,,.,, ..,..
.., ,..,.., ,, ,,., ,,,.,,,,, ,,.,,,, ..,.,,.455* 5,2. PERFORMANCE
AND RELIABILITY .. . . . .455* 6.*
CHEMICAL TREATMENT , .. .., , ,,, , ,, ,, , ,, ..,,,,,., , , .,
455* 7.* SAMPLING, TESTS, AND MONITORING 457*
7.1. SAMPLING , , ,.. ,,, , ,,, .. ,,, ,..,..,.,, , ,, ,, , , ,..,..,
, ,.., .,.. , 457* 7.2. LABORATORY AND FIELD TESTS ..
.457* 8, PROCEDURES AND APPARATUS FOR CHEMICAL COAGULATION EXPERIMENTS
457* 9.* PROCEDURES AND APPARATUS FOR LABORATORY DISSOLVED AIR
FLOTATION EXPERIMENTS .. 459* 9, I. FULL FLOW PRESSURIZATION
SYSTEM .... .. . . .... ........ ,. .. ,, .. 459*
9.2. PARTIAL FLOW PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM .. .,,, ,,
,,..,,,,.,, ..,,,,.. ,, ,, , ,,, 460* 9.3. RECYCLE FLOW PRESSURIZATION
SYSTEM .. . .. . . .. . 461* I0, NORMAL OPERATING
PROCEDURES . .. 462* 10.1, PHYSICAL
CONTROL. ,,, ,..,.. ,, , , ,,, ,,, ,,, ..,,,, , ,..,. ,..,,,.,
..,,, ..,,,.462* 10,2, STARTUP ., ,. , ,,,.,,, , .. ,, .. ,,, ,,, ,,,
,,, ,,, , , ,.. ,.. , 463* 10,3. ROUTINE OPERATIONS .. , ,,, ,,
, ,,., .. ,,,,, ,,., .. ,,., .. , , ,.. , , ,.. , ,.. , , ,.. , 464*
10.4. SHUTDOWN , , ,,, ,,, ,.. ,,., .. ,,.,.,, , ,,, .. ,.. , ,.. ,,,,
.. ,,., .. ,, ,,,,,,,, , ,,, .. , 464* 11.* EMERGENCY OPERATING
PROCEDURES .. 464* 11.1. LOSS OF POWER 464*
11.2, LOSS OF OTHER TREATMENT UNITS 465* 12.* OPERATION AND
MAINTENANCE , , ,.. ,.. , ., ,.. ,. ,,, , ,.. , ,.. ,.. 465* 12, I.
TROUBLESHOOTING ,.. , ,,, .., ,, ..,, .., ,, ,,, , , ,,., ,, ..,
,.. ,..,.., 465* 12,2. LABOR REQUIREMENTS , , , , , ,
,..,..,..,..,.. .. , ,.. ,,. ., ,,,, ,.., ,, 465* 12,3. CONSTRUCTION
AND O&M COSTS .. .. .. . . .465* 12.4. ENERGY
CONSUMPTION . ,., ,,, ,.,, .. ,,,.,,. , ,.. .. ,.. , ,..
,.. , , 465* 12.5. MAINTENANCE CONSIDERATIONS , , , , ,.., , , ,.,
..,.., , ,.. .., , ., 466* 12.6, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AMI SAFETY
CONSIDERATIONS 468* 13, RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN DISSOLVED AIR
FLOTATION TECHNOLOGY .. .. . 468* 13.1. GENERAL RECENT
DEVELOPMENTS 468* 13.2, PHYSICOCHEMICAL SBR-DAF PROCESS FOR INDUSTRIAL
AND MUNICIPAL APPLICATIONS . 47U* 13.3. ADSORPTION FLOTATION PROCESSES
. , ,.. ,,,, ,.. , , ,.., , , ,.471 13.4. DISSOLVED GAS FLOTATION , ,
, , , , , .. . ,., ., , ,.., .., , , 471* 13,5. COMBINED SEDIMENTATION
AND FLOTATION . .. ..,,472* 14, APPLICATION AND DESIGN EXAMPLES
.. 472* NOMENCLATURE ....,....., ,,,,,., .. ,.. ,.. ,,,
,,, ,... .. , , , , , ,.. .,,, ,, ,,., ,.. , ,, 491*
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .,,, , , ,, ,.. ,.. ,, ,, ,.. , ,,, .. ,.. ,..,,. ..
,.. ,.. ,,,,, , ,..,.. ,,,, ,,,., .. ,,.,, , 492* REFERENCES , , , , , ,
, ,. .., ,,,,,, .. ,, ..,..,,., .. , , ,,.. ,,,,, 493* 13
GRAVITY FILTRATION J. PAUL CHEN, SHOOU-YUH CHANG, JERRY Y. C. HUANG, E.
ROHER! BAUMANN, AND YUNG-TSE HUNG* 501* I,* INTRODUCTION , , , .., ,
, ,..,..,..,.., , ,,,., ,.., ., ,, .., ,,..,. ,,,. ,,.,,., 501 2.*
PHYSICAL NATURE OF GRAVITY FILTRATION .. . .,, ,, ..
502* 2,1, TRANSPORT MECHANISM ,..,.. ,., .. ., ,.. ,,,, ..,,., ..,,.,
.. ,, ,..,.. .. 502* 2.2. ATTACHMENT MECHANISMS , , , .. ., ..
.. ., , ,,,, , , ,.. ,, ,, ,,., .. , ., .. ..,. , 504* 2,3. DETACHMENT
MECHANISMS .. .. .. . . . . . .. 504* 3,
MATHEMATICAL MODELS ,.., .. .. .. ,,,., ..,, ,, ,,., .. ..,. .,
.. .., ,,,,,.504* 3.1. IDEALIZED MODELS .. , .., , , , , ,. ,
,,,,,.505* 3.2, EMPIRICAL MODELS ,.. , , , , ,.. ,. , , ,.. , , ,.. ..
, ,,, ,.. ,.,,,, 509* CONTENTS* XVII 4. DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS OF GRAVITY
FILTERS* 510* 4.1. WATER VARIABLES* 510* 4.2. FILTER PHYSICAL VARIABLES*
511* 4.3. FILTER OPERATING VARIABLES* 517* 5. APPLIEATIONS* 522* 5.1.
POTABLE WATER FILTRATION* 522* 5.2. RECLAMATION OF WASTERWATER* 522* 6.
DESIGN EXAMPLES 527* NOMENCLATURE 539* REFERENEES , 540* 14*
POLYMERIE ADSORPTION AND REGENERANT DISTILLATION* LAWRENCE K. WANG,
CHEIN-CHI CHANG, AND NAZIH K. SHAMMAS 545* I. INTRODUETION* 545* 2.
POLYMERIE ADSORPTION PROCESS DESERIPTION* 547* 2.1. PROEESS SYSTEM* 547*
2.2. PROEESS STEPS* 547* 2.3. REGENERATION ISSUES* 547* 3. POLYMERIE
ADSORPTION APPLICATIONS AND EVALUATION* 548* 3.1. APPLIEATIONS* 548*
3.2. PROCESS EVALUATION* 550* 4. POLYMERIE ADSORBENTS* 550* 4.1.
CHEMIEAL STRUETURE* 550* 4.2. PHYSIEAL PROPERTIES* 552* 4.3. ADSORPTION
PROPERTIES* 552* 5. DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS* 552* 5.1. ADSORPTION BED,
ADSORBENTS, AND REGENERANTS* 552* 5.2. GENERATED RESIDUALS* 555* 6.
DISTILLATION* 557* 6.1. DISTILLATION PROEESS DESERIPTION* 557* 6.2.
DISTILLATION TYPES AND MODIFIEATIONS* 557* 6.3. DISTILLATION PROEESS
EVALUATION* 560* 7. DESIGN AND APPLIEATION EXAMPLES 560* AEKNOWLCDGMENTS
570* REFERENEES 571* 15* GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON ADSORPTION YUNG-TSE
RUNG, ROWARD R. LO, LAWRENCE K. WANG,* JERRY R. TARICSKA, AND KATHLEEN
RUNG LI 573* I. INTRODUETION* 573* 2. PROEESS FLOW DIAGRAMS FOR GAC
PROCESS* 576* 3. ADSORPTION COLUMN MODELS* 577* 4. DESIGN OF GRANULAR
AETIVATED CARBON COLUMNS* 585* 4.1. DESIGN OF GAC COLUMNS* 585* 4.2.
PILOT PLANT AND LABORATORY COLUMN TESTS* 590* 5. REGENERATION* 591* 6.
FAETORS AFFEETING GAC ADSORPTION* 592* 6.1. ADSORBENT CHARAETERISTICS*
592* 6.2. ADSORBATE CHARAETERISTIES* 592* 7. PERFORMANCE AND CASE
STUDIES* 593* 8. EEONOMIES OF GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON SYSTEM* 595* 9.
DESIGN EXAMPLES* 602* 10. HISTORIEAL AND REEENT DEVELOPMENTS IN GRANULAR
AETIVATED CARBON ADSORPTION 623* 10.1. ADSORPTION TEEHNOLOGY MILESTONES*
10.2. DOWNFLOW CONVENTIONAL BIOLOGIEAL GAC SYSTEMS* 10.3. UPFLOW
FLUIDIZED BED BIOLOGIEAL GAC SYSTEM* NOMENCLATURE* REFERENEES ,. ,*
623 625 627 628 , , , 630 WILL* C~~~ 16 PHYSICOCHEMICA1 TREATMENT
PROCESSES FOR WATER REUSE SARAVANAMUTHU VIGNESWARAN, HUU HAO NGO,*
DURGANANDA SINGH CHAUDHARY, AND YUNG-TSE HUNG 635* I. INTRODUCTION* 635
2. CONVENTIONAL PHYSICOCHEMICAL TREATMENT PROCESSES* 636 2.1. PRINCIPLE*
636 2.2. APPLICATION OF THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROCESSES IN WASTEWATER
TREATMENT AND REUSE 651* 3. MEMBRANE PROCESSES* 658 3.1.* PRINCIPLE 658
3.2. APPLICATION OF MEMBRANE PROCESSES , 661 REFERENCES . 675 17
INTRODUCTION TO S1UDGE TREATMENT DUU-JONG LEE, JOO-HWA TAY, YUNG-TSE
HUNG, AND PIN JING HE 677 I. THE ORIGIN OF SLUDGE* .. 677 2.
CONDITIONING PROCESSES* 678 2.1. COAGULATION* 678 2.2. FLOCCULATION .*
681 2.3. CONDITIONER CHOICE* 681 2.4. OPTIMAL DOSE* 682 3. DEWATERING
PROCESSES .* 684 3.1. DEWATERING PROCESSES* 684 3.2. SLUDGE THICKENING*
685 3.3. SLUDGE DEWATERING* 687 4. STABILIZATION PROCESSES* 691 4.1.
HYDROLYSIS PROCESSES* 691 4.2. DIGESTION PROCESSES* 695 5. THERMAL
PROCESSES .* 699 5.1. SLUDGE INCINERATION* 699 5.2. SLUDGE DRYING* 701
5.3. OTHER THERMAL PROCESSES 702 REFERENCES .. 703 INDEX* 705
|
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| id | DE-604.BV023837569 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:37:44Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 1588291650 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-017479681 |
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| owner_facet | DE-634 |
| physical | XX, 723 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2005 |
| publishDateSearch | 2005 |
| publishDateSort | 2005 |
| publisher | Humana Press |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Handbook of environmental engineering |
| series2 | Handbook of environmental engineering |
| spelling | Physicochemical treatment processes ed. by Lawrence K. Wang ... Totowa, NJ Humana Press 2005 XX, 723 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Handbook of environmental engineering 3 Chemische Abwasserreinigung (DE-588)4131208-9 gnd rswk-swf Mechanische Abwasserreinigung (DE-588)4456437-5 gnd rswk-swf Chemische Abwasserreinigung (DE-588)4131208-9 s Mechanische Abwasserreinigung (DE-588)4456437-5 s DE-604 Wang, Lawrence K. edt Handbook of environmental engineering 3 (DE-604)BV035420351 3 GBV Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017479681&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Physicochemical treatment processes Handbook of environmental engineering Chemische Abwasserreinigung (DE-588)4131208-9 gnd Mechanische Abwasserreinigung (DE-588)4456437-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4131208-9 (DE-588)4456437-5 |
| title | Physicochemical treatment processes |
| title_auth | Physicochemical treatment processes |
| title_exact_search | Physicochemical treatment processes |
| title_full | Physicochemical treatment processes ed. by Lawrence K. Wang ... |
| title_fullStr | Physicochemical treatment processes ed. by Lawrence K. Wang ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physicochemical treatment processes ed. by Lawrence K. Wang ... |
| title_short | Physicochemical treatment processes |
| title_sort | physicochemical treatment processes |
| topic | Chemische Abwasserreinigung (DE-588)4131208-9 gnd Mechanische Abwasserreinigung (DE-588)4456437-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Chemische Abwasserreinigung Mechanische Abwasserreinigung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017479681&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV035420351 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT wanglawrencek physicochemicaltreatmentprocesses |