Protecting the poor: a microinsurance compendium
Gespeichert in:
| Weitere Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Geneva
ILO [u.a.]
2006
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| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | XIX, 654 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9789221192541 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Protecting the poor |b a microinsurance compendium |c ed. by Craig Churchill |
| 250 | |a 1. publ. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Geneva |b ILO [u.a.] |c 2006 | |
| 300 | |a XIX, 654 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804139000633491456 |
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| adam_text | Contents
Acknowledgements xiv
Table of Acronyms xvii
Introduction i
Part i Principles and practices 11
i.i What is insurance for the poor? (Craig Churchill) 12
1 Defining microinsurance 12
2 The two faces of microinsurance 15
3 What a difference three words make 22
1.1 The demand for microinsurance (Monique Cohen and Jennefer Sebstad) 15
1 Managing risk 26
2 The importance of understanding the demand for microinsurance 29
} Current coping strategies: Strengths and weaknesses 30
4 Opportunities for microinsurance 37
5 Conclusion 44
1.3 The social protection perspective on microinsurance (Christian Jacquier,
Gahriele Ramm, Philippe Marcadent and Valerie Schmitt-Diahate) 45
1 Introduction 4j
2 What is social security? What is social protection? 47
3 What is microinsurance) 52
4 Potential and limitation of microinsurance as a social protection mechanism 5 3
5 How can microinsurance be used to extend social protection? 5 5
6 Conclusion 62
Part 2 Microinsurance products and services 65
2.1 Challenges and strategies to extend health insurance to the poor
(Ralf Radermacher, Iddo Dror and Gerry Noble) 66
1 Product manufacturing 67
2 Product sales 81
3 Product servicing 86
4 Maintenance of long-term stability 89
5 Conclusion 93
2.2 Long-term savings and insurance (James Roth, Denis Garand and
Stuart Rutherford) 94
1 Providing savings to the poor 94
2 Long-term savings and insurance products for the poor 97
3 Key issues in offering long-term savings and insurance 103
4 Conclusions 108
vi Contents
2.3 Savings- and credit-linked insurance (Sven Enarsson, Kjell Wiren and
Gloria Almeyda) m
1 Loan-linked products 112
2 Savings-linked insurance 124
3 Product design and delivery issues 126
4 Conclusions 128
2.4 Meeting the special needs of women and children (Mosleh Ahmed and
Gabriele Ramm) 130
1 Special risks affecting women and children (girls and boys) 130
2 Microinsurance to address the special needs of women and children 134
3 Policy tasks to improve the strategic situation of women and children 142
4 Conclusions 144
Part 3 Microinsurance operations 145
3.1 Product design and insurance risk management (John Wipf, Dominic Liber and
Craig Churchill) 146
1 Market research 147
2 Eligibility 150
3 Terms and payment options 1 $4
4 Benefits 159
5 Risk management and claims controls 168
6 Conclusions 173
3.2 Marketing microinsurance (Craig Churchill and Monique Cohen) 174
1 Main marketing messages 175
2 Marketing techniques 181
3 After-sales service 192
4 Marketing and mandatory insurance 194
5 Conclusion 195
3.3 Premium collection: Minimizing transaction costs and maximizing
customer service (Michael J. McCord, Grzegorz Buczkowski and
Priyanka Saksena) 197
1 Modes of premium collection 197
2 Collection frequency and timing 205
3 Client considerations 207
4 Premium collection controls 213
5 Conclusion 214
3.4 Claims processing (Michael J. McCord and Richard Leftley) 216
1 Introduction 217
2 Claims notification 220
3 Settlement 226
4 Controls 231
5 Claims considerations in product design 235
6 Conclusions 237
3.5 Pricing microinsurance products (John Wipf and Denis Garand) 238
1 Database design requirements for pricing
(and sound microinsurance management) 239
2 Pricing components, key factors and methodology 245
3 Modelling techniques 252
4 Conclusions 253
Contents vii
3.6 Risk and financial management (Denis Garand and John Wipf) 254
1 The risks inherent in insurance products 254
2 Capital requirements 261
3 Reserves 261
4 Reinsurance 263
5 Investment management 265
6 Profit distribution 267
7 Conclusion 269
3.7 Organization development in microinsurance (Craig Churchill and
Richard Leftley) 270
1 Organizational structure: Where does microinsurance fit in? 271
2 Recruitment: Where to access appropriate expertise 274
3 Training 279
4 Compensation 280
5 Institutional culture 285
6 Conclusions 286
3.8 Governance (Zahid Qureshi) 288
1 Governance in microinsurance 288
2 Board composition and expertise 290
3 The foundation stone 293
4 Microinsurance governance in practice 295
5 Conclusions 305
3.9 Loss control (Zahid Qureshi and Gerry Noble) 307
1 A retrospective look at loss prevention 307
2 Converging interests 308
3 Pinpointing prevention 310
4 Practising prevention 312
5 Minimization: A stitch in time 315
6 Evaluating the return on investment in prevention 317
7 Conclusions 320
3.10 Performance indicators and benchmarking (Denis Garand and John Wipf) 321
1 Marketing and distribution 322
2 Financial management and viability 327
3 Efficiency and client value 329
4 Investment management 332
5 Conclusions 333
Part 4 Institutional options 335
4.1 Cooperatives and insurance: The mutual advantage (Klaus Fischer
and Zahid Qureshi) 336
1 Introduction 336
2 What is a mutual insurer? 341
3 The cooperative difference 342
4 Insurance development models and stages 344
5 Insurance products offered under the cooperative network model 345
6 Why mutuals develop networks and how they work 347
7 Advantages and disadvantages of the model 351
8 Conclusion 3(6
viii Contents
4.2 The partner-agent model: Challenges and opportunities
(Michael]. McCord) 357
1 Why a partner-agent model? 358
2 How the partner-agent model works 359
3 The good and the bad 370
4 Advantages and disadvantages 372
5 Conclusions 37*
4.3 The community-based model: Mutual health organizations in Africa
(Benedicte Fonteneau and Bruno Galland) 378
1 What is a community-based model? 379
2 Why was/is this approach implemented in West Africa? 382
3 What is the target group of the community-based model? 384
4 Do MHOs function (well) and make a significant impact? 385
5 What are the origins of the problems? 393
6 What is the added value of this model? 398
7 Conclusion 399
4.4 Institutional options for delivering health microinsurance
(RalfRadermacher and Iddo Dror) 401
1 Institutional options 401
2 Value, interests and conflicts in the insurance business process 415
3 Conclusion 422
4.$ Beyond MFIs and community-based models: Institutional alternatives
(Richard Leftley and James Roth) 424
1 Risk-carrying alternatives 425
2 Administrative alternatives 428
3 Distribution alternatives 433
4 Conclusions 438
4.6 Retailers as microinsurance distribution channels (James Roth and
Douhell Chamberlain) 439
1 Why retailers? Which retailers? 439
2 Microinsurance distribution/Product combinations for retailers 441
3 Conclusions 449
4.7 Microinsurance: Opportunities and pitfalls for microfinance institutions
(Craig Churchill and James Roth) 452
1 Institutional arrangements 453
2 The type of insurance 561
3 Conclusions 467
Part 5 The role of other stakeholders 469
5.1 The role of donors (Alexia Latortue) 470
1 An analytical framework 471
2 Donor requirements to effectively support microinsurance 472
3 Types of donor support for microinsurance 480
4 Conclusion 487
5.2 An enabling regulatory environment for microinsurance
(Martina Wiedmaier-Pfister and Arup Chatterjee) 488
1 Background 489
2 Barriers in existing regulatory frameworks 494
3 Country experiences - preliminary insights 500
4 Conclusions 504
Contents ix
5.3 The promotional role of governments (Sahine Trommershduser,
Roland Lindenthal and Riidiger Krech) jo8
1 Policy-making, participation and consensus-building 509
2 Creating an enabling environment 511
3 Strengthening institutions $16
4 Providing financial assistance 519
5 Concluding remarks 522
5.4 The role of insurers and reinsurers in supporting insurance for the poor
(David M. Dror and Thomas Wiechers) 524
1 The value proposition of reinsurance 525
2 Involvement of commercial insurers and reinsurers in microinsurance 528
3 What part of this value proposition can insurers and reinsurers deliver? J33
4 Recommendations 540
5 Conclusion J42
$.5 The provision of technical assistance (Richard Leftley and Richard Lacasse) (4;
1 Why is technical assistance required? 546
2 What does a TA provider do? 547
3 Who provides microinsurance technical assistance? 550
4 Conclusion: Providing quality technical assistance j 56
Part 6 Conclusions (63
6.1 Strategies for sustainability (Craig Churchill and Denis Garand) {64
1 Limit benefits 56 j
2 Focus on efficiency 570
3 Diversify income sources 576
4 Good management 580
6.1 The future of microinsurance (Felipe Botero, Craig Churchill,
MichaelJ. McCord and Zahid Qureshi) 583
1 Microinsurance customers of the future 585
2 Microinsurance providers of the future 588
3 The regulatory landscape 595
4 The environment for microinsurance 597
$ Embracing the future 600
Appendix I: Description of microinsurance providers 604
Appendix II: About the authors 620
Bibliography 626
Index 635
List of tables
1 Microinsurance providers and products 6
2 Priority risks in selected countries 27
3 Coping strategy by risk 32
4 Examples of informal group-based insurance systems 34
5 Test for an insurable risk 38
6 Typology of microinsurance linkages 58
7 Overview of product manufacturing tasks and features 81
8 Overview of product sales tasks and features 85
9 Overview of product servicing tasks and features 89
to Some key ratios of health microinsurers 92
11 Overview of the tasks to be undertaken to maintain long-term stability 93
12 Two insurers with endowment products 100
x Contents
13 CARD MBA s loan protection plus family funeral insurance 117
14 Different benefit classes for minimum/maximum premiums at Yasiru 121
15 Market coverage of selected voluntary life insurance products 122
16 VimoSEWA s coverage and price in rupees 138
17 Benefits of LIC s Janashree Bima Yojana 160
18 Benefits from UIIC s UniMicro insurance scheme 162
19 Benefits of La Equidad s Amparar microinsurance product 166
20 Coinsurance and payment ceiling of health microinsurers 170
21 Benefit amounts at CARD MBA 172
22 Rolling admission versus annual campaign 189
23 Marketing checklist for microinsurance managers 195
24 Comparison of premium collection modes 204
25 A sample of claims durations 230
26 Evolution of life mortality rate at VimoSEWA 247
27 Claims experience of VimoSEWA s child benefit 252
28 Potential effect of investment mismatch on CARD S Provident Fund -
An illustration 267
29 Average monthly earnings for frontline staff (US$) 281
30 Commissions on long-term policies at ALMAO and Tata-AIG 282
31 Non-life and life insurance loss prevention 311
32 Improved service enhances retention at VimoSEWA (India) 326
33 Selected examples of net income 328
34 Expense and claims rations for selected schemes 331
3 5 Rating of microinsurance schemes - An illustration 334
36 Case studies that correspond to the cooperative network model 337
37 Insurance products offered by SACCO networks 347
38 ASA s cost per policy 367
39 ASA s profit/loss per policy 368
40 Performance of four microinsurance schemes in Zambia 368
41 Advantages and disadvantages to the agent compared to self-insuring 373
42 Advantages and disadvantages for an insurer 374
43 Advantages and disadvantages for low-income policy-holders 375
44 A comparison of premiums and benefits for selected MHOs 388
45 Basic motivations and primary interest through the business process 420
46 HTG funeral insurance product 446
47 Does self-insurance provide greater client value? 459
48 Definition of microinsurance in India 501
49 Partnership factors for an insurance or reinsurance company 541
50 Partnership factors for a microinsurance institution $41
51 Advantages and disadvantages of long-term, on-site TA support 550
52 Continuing challenges that limit the expansion of microinsurance $84
53 Process automation transforms insurance operations 592
List of figures
1 Janus: The two faces of microinsurance 16
2 Impact of shocks on household income and assets 25
3 The impact of risks 28
4 The locus of microinsurance 46
5 A dynamic approach to extending social protection through microinsurance 63
6 Health insurance product design 67
7 Claims model 1: Insurer pays healthcare provider (third-party payment) 75
8 Claims model 2: Integrated healthcare and insurance provider
(internal financial transaction) 76
9 Claims model 3: Insurer reimburses clients out-of-pocket healthcare expenses 77
10 Daughter s wedding insurance plan: Delta Life 176
11 Marketing brochure: Yeshasvini 178
12 Guaranteed savings brochure: TUW SKOK 179
Contents xi
13 Three-step marketing process 181
14 Microinsurance drop-outs and access to microcredit 211
15 Typical claims settlement process for Madison s microinsurance product 218
16 The claims process at UMSGF 219
17 Microcare and Opportunity International claim form 224
18 CARD MBA timing of claims 234
19 Kharif Hungama sales prizes 284
20 Organizational chart of Tata-AIG 303
21 Illustrating Grameen s 16 decisions 313
22 The circular logic of customer retention 325
23 Distribution of microinsurance products in the SACCO network model 338
24 A mutual network structure with its portfolio of functional subsidiaries 348
25 The MHO system 396
26 Types of health insurance provision 402
27a The partner-agent model 405
27b The partner-agent model with TPA 405
28 The charitable insurance model 409
29 The provider-driven model 411
30 The community-based/mutual model 414
31 Three components of insurance provision 425
32 Yeshasvini s claim settlement process 432
33 Micro-agents, CRIGs and NGOs in the premium-collection process 435
34 An analytical framework for donor support for microinsurance 471
35 The Aid Effectiveness Star 473
36 The what, who and how of microinsurance technical assisatance 483
37 The RIMANSI model of technical assistance to MBAs 55$
38 Striking a balance: The microinsurance challenge 564
39 Perspectives on the future 583
List of boxes
1 Microinsurance and the MDGs 14
2 Applying Prahalad s Twelve Principles of Innovation for BOP Markets* to
microinsurance 17
3 Impact of shocks on the rich and poor in Viet Nam 27
4 Risks and risk management in Malawi 31
5 Coping strategies in Viet Nam 31
6 Risk management and over-indebtedness in Georgia 33
7 Membership in multiple burial societies 3 5
8 High cost of funerals in Zambia 36
9 Understanding the demand for microinsurance in Sri Lanka 41
10 We want to know more ... 42
11 The extension of social protection through microinsurance in Colombia 56
12 Linkages in the Philippines 58
13 Developing balanced linkages in Senegal 59
14 The Global Social Trust 59
15 Cambodia s Master Plan 60
16 An integrated approach to social protection in Senegal 62
17 BRAC s three-tier approach to providing health services 76
18 CARD S foray into annuities 98
19 Grameen s deposit pension scheme (GPS) 102
20 Mis-selling in South Africa 105
21 Life insurance as an alternative to loan protection? 115
22 Illness cover in a credit life policy? 118
23 Shepherd s Sugam Fund 136
24 Outreach at Yeshasvini 140
25 Family coverage at UMSFG 141
16 Lapses at Delta Life 156
27 Flat-rate pricing for Shepherd 159
xii Contents
28 Mass weddings 163
29 UHC definition of family in Uganda 164
30 Creating awareness: The experience of the South African
Insurance Association 182
31 UMSGF s three-tiered marketing strategy 184
32 Regional differences in Zambia 186
33 Sales challenges at TUW SKOK 189
34 Linking insurance premiums to loans 198
3 5 Flexible premium payments for funeral insurance in South Africa 206
36 Paying premiums in milk at Yeshasvini 208
37 Delta Life - combining microcredit and microinsurance 211
38 Claim rejection: A case of insufficient documentation in Zambia 222
39 Beneficiary frustration 223
40 Requirements for an advance payment at Columna 226
41 The many stops in claims settlement at Delta Life 229
42 Efficiencies of informal insurance 231
43 Claims adjustment and HIV/AIDS 232
44 Pricing problems 239
45 Database design problems 240
46 Importance of a health insurance MIS: Experience of AssEF 242
47 VimoSEWA s renewal rates 243
48 VimoSEWA s claims processing 244
49 Actuarial reserves and capital defined 255
50 Management risk illustrations 260
51 Organization development: How not to do it 274
52 Criteria in the selection of micro-agents at Tata-AIG 275
53 Frontline staff at CARD MBA 276
54 TUW SKOK s outsourcing model 277
55 What is corporate governance? 289
5 6 The four pillars of governance 290
57 Responsibilities of the board of directors 292
58 Trust is good, but control is better 297
59 Read the writing on the wall 300
60 Taking the societal perspective 309
61 Promoting well-being 312
61 Prevention through sister organizations: VimoSEWA 314
63 Coping with disaster: The Japanese experience 316
64 Microcare: Using insecticide-treated bed nets to reduce malaria-related claims 317
65 Great value placed on insurance 324
66 What doomed Confederation Life of Canada? 329
67 Why cooperative insurance suits low-income markets 338
68 Management of lapses and claims: The mutual difference 353
69 Selling an insurance concept in Ghana 360
70 Partner-agent premium collection checklist 363
71 ASA s on-again off-again relationship with the partner-agent model 370
72 Profiles of initiating organizations of MHOs 3 81
73 A variety of membership profiles 384
74 The target population of the rural MHOs 385
75 Union Technique de la Mutualite Malienne 389
76 Coordination Regionale des Mutuelles de Same de Thies 390
77 Reseau Alliance Same, Benin 390
78 MHO performance: Some trends 392
79 The power of collective action 399
80 Nkoranza Community Health Insurance Plan 412
81 Zambuko Trust, Zimbabwe 427
82 VimoSEWA s claims committee 429
83 Retailers and rural areas 447
84 AFL/CIO s Union Privilege Scheme 448
8 5 Reducing the vulnerability of the poor: The case of Shepherd, India 461
86 Unleashing the catalytic role of the private sector with public subsidy 476
Contents xiii
87 Providing support through donor guarantees 477
88 FinScope surveys: Getting to know the market 481
89 Lessons learnt the hard way: Illustrations from India 484
90 Informal insurance in South Africa 490
91 Formalization of ALMAO 492
92 Insurance cooperatives in Malawi 493
93 Capital requirements in Peru 495
94 Requirements for agents and brokers 497
95 AIG Uganda 498
96 The Insurance Ombudsman Sri Lanka 512
97 Health service providers and mutual health organizations (MHOs) in Mali 514
98 Stewardship in Guinea-Bissau 516
99 Facilitating links to UNDP in India 517
100 Subsidizing Yeshasvini Trust 520
101 Africa Re $22
102 What do microinsurers get out of reinsurance? 526
103 A short summary of the social reinsurance model 538
104 Actuarial reviews of microinsurance schemes 549
105 The 7 Cs of technical assistance 557
106 Technical assistance partnerships: DID and CIF 560
107 Management tools for microinsurance 589
108 Technological advances in banking services for the poor 593
This authoritative compendium brings together the latest
thinking of leading academics, actuaries, and insurance
and development professionals in the microinsurance field.
The result is a practical, wide-ranging resource which
provides the most thorough overview of the subject to date.
The book allows readers to benefit from the valuable
lessons learned from a project launched by the CGAP
Working Group on Microinsurance analysing operations
around the world. Essential reading for insurance
professionals, practitioners and anyone involved with
offering insurance to low-income persons, this volume
covers the many aspects of microinsurance in detail
including product design, marketing, premium collection
and governance.
It also discusses the various institutional arrangements
available for delivery such as the community-based
approach, insurance companies owned by networks of
savings and credit cooperatives and
microfinance
institutions.The roles of key stakeholders are also explored
and the book offers insightful strategies for achieving
the right balance between coverage, costs and price.
ILO
and Munich Re Foundation, Publishers
ISBN
978-92-2-1192 54-1
9 789221
192541
|
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| author2 | Churchill, Craig |
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| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV023802227 |
| classification_rvk | QQ 675 QR 560 QX 040 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)255518388 (DE-599)BVBBV023802227 |
| discipline | Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
| edition | 1. publ. |
| format | Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung |
| id | DE-604.BV023802227 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:37:08Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789221192541 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-017444426 |
| oclc_num | 255518388 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-634 DE-521 DE-11 DE-858 DE-703 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| owner_facet | DE-634 DE-521 DE-11 DE-858 DE-703 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| physical | XIX, 654 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| publishDateSearch | 2006 |
| publishDateSort | 2006 |
| publisher | ILO [u.a.] |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Protecting the poor a microinsurance compendium ed. by Craig Churchill 1. publ. Geneva ILO [u.a.] 2006 XIX, 654 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Krankenversicherung (DE-588)4032836-3 gnd rswk-swf Niedrigeinkommen (DE-588)4291378-0 gnd rswk-swf Lebensversicherung (DE-588)4034928-7 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Krankenversicherung (DE-588)4032836-3 s Lebensversicherung (DE-588)4034928-7 s Niedrigeinkommen (DE-588)4291378-0 s DE-604 Churchill, Craig edt HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017444426&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017444426&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Protecting the poor a microinsurance compendium Krankenversicherung (DE-588)4032836-3 gnd Niedrigeinkommen (DE-588)4291378-0 gnd Lebensversicherung (DE-588)4034928-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4032836-3 (DE-588)4291378-0 (DE-588)4034928-7 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Protecting the poor a microinsurance compendium |
| title_auth | Protecting the poor a microinsurance compendium |
| title_exact_search | Protecting the poor a microinsurance compendium |
| title_full | Protecting the poor a microinsurance compendium ed. by Craig Churchill |
| title_fullStr | Protecting the poor a microinsurance compendium ed. by Craig Churchill |
| title_full_unstemmed | Protecting the poor a microinsurance compendium ed. by Craig Churchill |
| title_short | Protecting the poor |
| title_sort | protecting the poor a microinsurance compendium |
| title_sub | a microinsurance compendium |
| topic | Krankenversicherung (DE-588)4032836-3 gnd Niedrigeinkommen (DE-588)4291378-0 gnd Lebensversicherung (DE-588)4034928-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Krankenversicherung Niedrigeinkommen Lebensversicherung Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017444426&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017444426&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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