An introduction to the theory of electricity: with numerous examples
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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London
Macmillan
1885
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| Ausgabe: | 3. ed., with corr. and additions |
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| Beschreibung: | XV, 326 S. graph. Darst. |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Cumming, Linnaeus |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a An introduction to the theory of electricity |b with numerous examples |c by Linnaeus Cumming |
| 250 | |a 3. ed., with corr. and additions | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a London |b Macmillan |c 1885 | |
| 300 | |a XV, 326 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Elektrizität |0 (DE-588)4014216-4 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 655 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)4151278-9 |a Einführung |2 gnd-content | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804138992783851520 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I.
AET. Physical Units. PARK
1. Fundamental units----space, time, and mass 1
2. Definition and unit of Velocity..... 1
3. Parallelogram of Velocities...... 2
4. Definition and measure of Acceleration 2
■5. Space described under uniform Acceleration 3
6. Proof by graphical method...... 4
7. Definition and measure of Density .... 5
e. Definition of Momentum...... 6
9. Definition of Force....... 6
10. The First Law of Motion...... 6
11. The Second Law of Motion...... 7
12---15. Applications of the Second Law of Motion . 7
16. The Third Law of Motion...... . 10
17. Scholium on the Third Law of Motion .... . 11
18. Principle of Virtual Velocities..... . 12
19. Principle of Moments ....·■· . 12
20. Definition and Measure of Work..... 12
21. Definition of Moment of a Force . . 14
22. Definition of a Couple....... . 14
23---25. Kinetic and Potential Energy..... . 15
20. Application to pendulum...... . 16
27. Illustrations of Potential Energy..... . 17
28. Conservation of Energy ...... . 18
Vlll
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER II.
Theory of Potential.
ART. PAGE
29. Field of Force.....................................24
30. Line of Force......................................24
81. Strength of a Field at a point.....................25
32. Difference of Potential at two points..............25
33. Force expressed as rate of change of Potential ... 27
34. Equipotcntial Surface..............................27
35. Tho law of inverse squares.........................28
36. Calculation of the attraction of a thin circular plate . . 2D
37. Note on tho Method of proof ...... 32
38. Attraction of a spherical shell on an internal particle . 33
39. Work done against an attracting system .... 34
40. Illustration of a single attracting particle .... 37
41. Potential of one system on another.................37
42. Tubes of Force....................................39
43. Proposition on the attraction of a singlo particle . . 39
44. Stokes’ Theorem...................................40
45. Extension to a tube of force......................41
46. Proposition on a Tube of Force cutting through attracting
matter..........................................42
47. Determination of Field by one equipotential surface . . 43
48. Potential never discontinuous in free space . . . 44
49. Potential never has a maximum or minimum value in free
space......................................... 44
50. No particle can be in stable equilibrium under attraction
of a material system............................44
51. Potential at great distance from the attracting system . 45
CHAPTER III.
Application of Potential to Statical Electricity.
52—56. Experimental results in Electricity.............................49
57, 58. Electrical Quantity and Density...........................53
59. Positive and negative Electricity...........................53
60. Definitions of a Field of Electrical Force . . . .54
61. Potential constant throughout an Electrified Conductor . 56
62. Strength of Field jus t outside an Electrified Conductor . 57
63. Property of a Tube of Force passing from a positively to a
negatively electrified surface...........................58
CONTENTS.
IX
ART. FAGE
(¡4. Electrical Screen....................................59
63. Potential of the Earth taken as zero ..... 60
66. Positive and negative potential distinguished from positive
and negative Electricity..........................61
67. Free Electrification.................................61
68. Superposition of Electrification.....................61
69. There is only one law of distribution of Electricity on a
Conductor.........................................62
70. Capacity of a Conductor..............................62
71. Case of a distribution giving constant potential ... 63
72. Equivalence of a freely electrified surface to any elootrieal
system............................................61
73. Electrical Images....................................66
74. Law of density of a free Electrification .... 67
75. Faraday’s Theory of Inductive Action .... 68
76, 77. Spécifia Inductive Capacity...........................69
78, 79. Energy of the electrification of a conductor ... 71
80, 81. Electrification of a system of two conductors ... 74
82—84. Properties of coefficients of potential and induction . . 75
85. Electrification of a condenser ................................77
CHAPTER IV.
Problems in Statical Electricity.
86—88. Potential and capacity of a sphere............................
89. Calculation of area of a sphere............................
90. Potential of a sphere on an external point ....
91. Gauss’ Theorem.............................................
92. Potential of an nnelectrified sphere subject to external
induction..............................................
93. Electrification of a system consisting of two concentric
conducting spheres.....................................
94. Electrification of a condenser, consisting of two parallel
plates ................................................
95. Attraction between the plates of a condenser. Attracted
Disc electrometer......................................
96. The Quadrant electrometer.................................
97, 98. Energy of discharge of a condenser.........................
99, 100. Discharge by alternate contacts ......
79
81
82
83
84
85
86
88
89
90
91
X
CONTEXTS.
PAGE
ART.
101.
102.
103.
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
109.
110.
111.
112.
113.
114.
115.
116.
117.
118—121.
122.
123.
124.
125-129.
130.
131.
132.
133.
134.
135.
136.
Electrical condition of two jars brought to different po-
tentials and united.........................................
Application to determine the numerical value of Specific
Inductive Capacity......................................
Charge by Cascade . ֊.......................................
Work done in separating the plates of a condenser, both
being at constant potentials............................
Work done in separating the plates in last Art. when
both retain given charges...............................
System of Equipotential surfaces............................
Distance of the consecutive surfaces of a system
Bate of movement of an equipotential surface during
charge . ..........................................
Attraction of a spheroidal shell on an internal point .
Law of density on a freely electrified spheroid .
Law of density on a freely electrified thin circular plate
Capacity of a thin circular plate...........................
Capacity of a long thin cylinder............................
An infinite plate under the induction of an electrified
particle................................................
Two planes at right angles..................................
Three planes mutually at right angles ....
Two parallel plates with an electrified particle between
them....................................................
A sphere under the influence of an electrified particle
Potential of spherical shell whose density varies as inverse
cube of distance from a fixed point ....
Induction on two concentric spheres with an electrified
point between them......................................
Geometrical Inversion.......................................
Propositions in Geometrical Inversion ....
Definition of electrical Images by inversion
Potential of an electrical Image............................
Electrified sphere under· an electrified particle .
Electrification of a conductor formed of two spheres inter-
secting at right angles.....................................
Electrification of a conductor formed of three spheres inter-
secting at right angles ....................................
Electrification of two spheres in contact ....
Applications of inversion to various problems .
93
93
94
95
95
97
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
105
106
107
107
109
113
116
118
118
121
121
123
124
125
127
128
CONTENTS.
XI
ART.
137, 38.
139.
140.
141.
142.
143, 44.
145.
146.
147.
148.
149.
150.
151.
152.
153.
154.
155.
CHAPTER V.
Theory of the Voltaic Cell.
Connection between Statical and Voltaic Electricity .
The Contact and Chemical Theories....................
Experiments on the Contact Theory....................
Theory of difference of Potential produced by simple
contact..........................................
Relation of nondocomposablo bodies...................
Theory of simplest Voltaic cell.....................
Mass and atomic attraction of a decomposable body .
Electromotive Force: Electrodes: Poles ....
Graphical exhibition of Electromotive Force
Absolute potential at different parts of the open circuit .
Absolute measure of Electromotive Force ....
Polarization of cell due to condensed gases
Constant cells.......................................
Jjocal action........................................
Electromotive Force in a battery when in compound circuit
Volta’s Pile: Dry Piles..............................
Electromotive Force iu a battery in Simple Circuit .
CHAPTER VI.
Ohm’s Law.
156. Conditions of a Medium under Electrical Forces
157, 58. Specific conductivity and strength of current in a conductor
159. Direction of a Voltaic current.......................
160. Current-strength in a oonduotor on which two surfaces are
kept at constant potentials......................
161. Resistance of a conductor............................
162. Graphical representation of the formula, IR = V1 -
163. Ohm’s Law for current-strength.......................
164. Theoretical and practical units......................
165. Current-strength· in a battery arranged in simple circuit .
166. Current-strength in a battery arranged in compound circuit
167, 68. Graphical method applied in preceding propositions .
169, 70. Mixed circuit ................................. , .
PAOB
148
149
150
151
153
154
156
157
157
158
158
158
159
160
161
162
163
165
166
167
167
169
170
171
173
173
174
175
176
CONTENTS.
Xll
AET.
171, 72. The best arrangement of a battery is when the internal and
external resistances are equal. Graphical method ap-
plied ..............................................................
173. Divided circuits...........................................
174, 75. Kirchhoff’s Laws for the current in a net work of linear
conductors...........................................
176, 77. Investigation of a system consisting of a quadrilateral and
its diagonals. Conjugate conductors ....
178. Time of discharge of an electrical system ....
179. Investigation of the formula 771=— nK . . . .
47T
180. Heat developed in a Voltaic circuit......................
181. Principle of Least Ileat.................................
CHAPTER VII.
Problems in Voltaic Electricity.
182. Instruments employed...............................
183—5. Electrical conditions of Wheatstone’s Bridge. Graphical
method.........................................
186. Besistance of a galvanometer coil...................
187, 88. Internal Besistance of a Battery...................
189, 90. Comparison of Electromotive forces ....
191—5. Position of a fault. Methods for determining .
196. Resistance of a solid bounded by two co-axial cylinders .
197, 98. Besistance of the earth in Telegraphy
199. Effect of‘BadEarth’................................
200. Electrical conditions of a badly conducting stratified plate .
201. Application to electrical absorption...............
202. General application of electrical images to conduction
203. Conduction through two media bounded by a plane .
204. Application to Nobili’s rings......................
CHAPTER VIII.
Magnetism.
205, 6. fundamental experimenta .....................
207. Unit Pole. Magnetic Dcnsity. Moment of-a Magnet
208. - Law of Attraction.. Magnetic Field.........
PAGE
177
179
181
182
184
185
186
188
189
189
192
193
194
195
199
200
202
202
205
206
207
209
218
219
219
CONTEXTS.
ART.
209.
210.
211.
212.
213.
214.
215.
216.
217.
218.
219.
220—6.
227.
228.
229.
230.
231.
232, 33.
231.
235.
236.
237.
238.
239.
210.
211.
212, 13.
211.
215.
216.
Mapping of the magnetic field by means of Lines of
Force..............................................
Experiment on a broken magnet. Intensity of Magnetiza-
tion ..................................................
Magnetization of a uniformly magnetized magnet
Magnetic induction.....................................
Coefficient of Magnetization...........................
Magnetic force within a magnetized Mass. Coefficient of
Magnetic induction.................................
Theory of Magnetic medium. Surface conditions of induced
magnetization......................................
Thysical explanation of diamagnetism ....
Field of force of a uniformly magnetized bar
Potential of a magnetic shell at any external point .
Potential of a magnetic field on a shell ....
Various deductions from two last propositions .
Strength of field of a uniform plane sheet....
Experiment on a small voltaic circuit ....
Equivalence of a magnetic shell and a voltaic circuit.
Positive and negative direction of a current
Electromagnetic units and Potential....................
Voltaic circuit compared with a Magnetic shell.
Lines of force linked with circuit.....................
Kule for direction of electromagnetic Force on a conductor .
Projection of a closed circuit by lines of Force .
Attraction and Repulsions of parallel currents .
Proposition on the Mutual Potential of two voltaic circuits.
Coefficient of Mutual induction .....
Energy of a current in a conductor. Coefficient of Self-
induction .........................................
Electrical Inertia. Equation of energy ....
Equation for the establishment of the current .
Lena’s Law for Induced Currents. Rule for direction of
current induced in a moving conductor
Total Induced Curront. General formula) and particular
applications.......................................
General conditions of the Electromagnetic Field
Rate of working of an electromagnetic engine .
xiii
rACKE
221
222
223
224
225
225
226
228
228
229
231
233
234
236
236
237
237
238
241
242
242
243
244
245
247
248
249
250
253
253
XIV
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER IX.
Absolute Dimensions of Physical Units.
AM. PAGE
247—49. Deduced and Fundamental Units. Change in Units and in
Measures. Mechanical and Electric Units . . . 260
250. Dimensions of Meehanical Units........................261
251. Dimensions of Electrostatic and Magnetic Units . . 261
252. Dimensions of Electromagnetic Units .... 261
253. Tabular ■view of results..............................265
251—56. Delations between tho various measures and units in the
two systems........................................266
257. Delation of Practical to Absolute Electromagnetic Units . 267
CHAPTER X.
Problems in Magnetism,
258—63. Appendix to Chap. I. On the motion of a solid body about
a fixed axis.................................
264. Forces on a magnet in a uniform field
265. Elongation of a vibrating Magnet
266. Absolute measure of magnetic moment
267. Field of a uniformly magnetized sphere
268. Magnetic induction in a sphere .
269. Property of a field of force .
270. Besultant force on a magnet in the field
271. Magnetic shell and equivalent circuit
272. Electromagnetic field of a straight wire carrying a current.
273. Properties of the Electromagnetic· field along the axis of a
circular conductor carrying a ourrent ....
274. Electromagnetic field of a Solenoid. Approximate con-
stancy of the Magnetic field within a Solenoid. Method
for absolute measure of current-strength. Note on
Tubular magnets....................................
275. Coefficient of Mutual induction for two coaxial Solenoids.
Coefficient of Self-induction for a Solenoid .
276. Galvanometer Constant.................................
270
274
276
276
279
281
282
282
285
286
238
290
294
295
CONTENTS.
XV
ABT. PAGE
277. Galvanometer Constant lor a Galvanometer of a few turns
of wire.......... 296
278. Galvanometer Constant for a mirror Galvanometer. Tangent
and Sine Galvanometers....................296
279. Throw of a galvanometer needle owing to the passage
of an instantaneous electric discharge .... 299
280. Explanation of Head-beat Galvanometer .... 301
281. Delezenne’s Circle..........................301
282. Thomson’s Current Accumulator...............302
283—5. Methods of determining the velocity which connects the
measures and units in tho Electrostatic with those in
the Electromagnetic system. Connection with velocity
of Light..................................301
CHAPTER XI.
Thermo-electricity.
286. Thermo-electric currents depend on unequal heating .
287. Seebeek’s experiment ........
288. Peltier’s experiment and deduction....................
289. Cumming’s experiment and Thomson’s reasoning on it
290. Experiments of Thomson and Magnus ....
291. Measure of Thomson effect.............................
292. Measure of Peltier effect.............................
293. Equations of a Thermo-electric circuit .
294. Peltier effects in metals at the same temperature
295. Peltier effect in terms of the temperature ....
296. Property of the neutral temperature of three metals taken
two and two........................................
297. The E.M.P. and Thermo-electric power of a couple .
298. Property of Thermo-electric powers of three metals .
299. Thermo-electric power shown graphically .
300. Properties of the Thermo-electric diagram .
301. Unverified assumption in diagram......................
302. Lines of Iron and Nickel at high temperatures .
313
313
313
315
316
316
317
317
317
318
318
319
320
320
321
324
324
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| spelling | Cumming, Linnaeus Verfasser aut An introduction to the theory of electricity with numerous examples by Linnaeus Cumming 3. ed., with corr. and additions London Macmillan 1885 XV, 326 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Elektrizität (DE-588)4014216-4 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4151278-9 Einführung gnd-content Elektrizität (DE-588)4014216-4 s DE-604 KOBV Fremddatenuebernahme application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017438770&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Cumming, Linnaeus An introduction to the theory of electricity with numerous examples Elektrizität (DE-588)4014216-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4014216-4 (DE-588)4151278-9 |
| title | An introduction to the theory of electricity with numerous examples |
| title_auth | An introduction to the theory of electricity with numerous examples |
| title_exact_search | An introduction to the theory of electricity with numerous examples |
| title_full | An introduction to the theory of electricity with numerous examples by Linnaeus Cumming |
| title_fullStr | An introduction to the theory of electricity with numerous examples by Linnaeus Cumming |
| title_full_unstemmed | An introduction to the theory of electricity with numerous examples by Linnaeus Cumming |
| title_short | An introduction to the theory of electricity |
| title_sort | an introduction to the theory of electricity with numerous examples |
| title_sub | with numerous examples |
| topic | Elektrizität (DE-588)4014216-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Elektrizität Einführung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017438770&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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