Acid depositions in Europe: environmental effects, control strategies and policy options ; edited proceedings of a conference
Gespeichert in:
| Weitere Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Tagungsbericht Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Stockholm
Stockholm Environment Inst.
1991
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XXIV, 376 S. graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0951713701 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Table of Contents
Preface I
Executive Summary iii
Introduction to Acidic Deposition Effects
- Critical Deposition Rates and Emission Densities 1
1 The general problem of pollution 2
2 The specific problem: forest decline 2
3 Change in chemical climate: the input vector 5
4 Changes in soil chemical state 6
5 Long-term effects of acid deposition 8
6 Temporal development of forest decline due to acid deposition in
Central Europe 9
7 Critical loads of acidity and nitrogen 12
8 The emission reductions required 14
9 Conclusions 15
10 References 15
1 The Effects of Acid Deposition on Soils and Forest Ecosystems 17
1 Introduction 18
2 The impact of atmospheric pollutants on soils 18
3 The modelling of air pollution effects on plants, particularly on forest growth 31
4 Forest die-back, pollution climates and the role of ammonia 48
5 Progress towards the early diagnosis of forest decline 59
6 References 66
2 The Effects of Acidic Precipitation on Crops 81
1 Introduction 82
2 Formulation of policy concerning acidic precipitation and crops 82
3 Summary of scientific knowledge 83
4 Differences in the interpretation of scientific evidence 89
5 Conclusions 92
6 References 92
3 The Effects of Acid Deposition on Freshwater Ecosystems
and Drinking Water 99
1 Introduction 100
2 Catchment characteristics 101
3 Effects of acidification on aquatic life 106
4 Effects of acidification on drinking water quality 111
5 Recovery and liming of acidified lakes 119
6 References 120
4 Long-Range Transport of Air Pollutants 125
1 Introduction 126
2 Observational evidence for LRTAP 127
3 Empirical relationships between observations and emissions 129
4 Modelling of long-range transport 142
5 Results of modelling long-range transport 151
6 Application of S-R relationships and transboundary fluxes for
implementing air pollution control strategies 163
7 References 165
5 Critical Loads and Critical Levels for the Environmental
Effects of Air Pollutants 171
1 Introduction 172
2 Critical loads for acid deposition 174
3 Critical loads for nitrogen deposition 189
4 Critical levels for air pollutants 192
5 Summary of critical loads and critical levels 206
6 Discussion 207
7 References 209
6 Control Costs of SO2 and NOx Emissions 217
1 Introduction 218
2 The costs of flue gas purification application: the Federal Republic
of Germany as a case history 223
3 Emission control costs in large-scale energy and environment models 228
4 Macro-economic impacts of air pollution control in the EC 244
5 Optimal control strategies for reducing emissions from energy
conversion and energy use 259
6 References 271
7 Integrated assessment models for developing strategies for
reducing regional acidification 275
1 Introduction 276
2 An overview of long range atmospheric transport and acidification models 277
3 Some national integrated assessment models for acidification 282
4 A brief review of the structure of the NASA RAINS model 283
5 Examples of the use of the RAINS model 289
6 Limitations and uncertainty 311
7 Concluding remarks 314
8 References 315
8 Management Strategies and Policy Options 319
1 Introduction 320
2 International approaches to air pollution control 321
3 Abatement of sulphur dioxide options for the UK 331
4 The integrated planning of energy production and emissions control at
the municipal level 344
5 References 356
Postscript: Acid Rain in Perspective 359
1 Introduction 360
2 Scientific and political handling of the transboundary air pollution problem 360
3 The nature of science and politics 362
4 The interaction between politics and science 364
5 Conclusion 366
Index 367
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:36:17Z |
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| spelling | Acid depositions in Europe environmental effects, control strategies and policy options ; edited proceedings of a conference UN ECE Workshop on the Application of Cost Effective Control Strategies. Ed. by M. J. Chadwick ... Stockholm Stockholm Environment Inst. 1991 XXIV, 376 S. graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Umweltverschmutzung (DE-588)4186812-2 gnd rswk-swf Saurer Regen (DE-588)4179239-7 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)1071861417 Konferenzschrift 1988 Norrtälje gnd-content Umweltverschmutzung (DE-588)4186812-2 s Saurer Regen (DE-588)4179239-7 s DE-604 Chadwick, Michael J. edt Vereinte Nationen Wirtschaftskommission für Europa Sonstige (DE-588)2023669-4 oth Workshop on the Application of Cost Effective Control Strategies 1988 Norrtälje Sonstige (DE-588)5087782-3 oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017404161&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Acid depositions in Europe environmental effects, control strategies and policy options ; edited proceedings of a conference Umweltverschmutzung (DE-588)4186812-2 gnd Saurer Regen (DE-588)4179239-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4186812-2 (DE-588)4179239-7 (DE-588)1071861417 |
| title | Acid depositions in Europe environmental effects, control strategies and policy options ; edited proceedings of a conference |
| title_auth | Acid depositions in Europe environmental effects, control strategies and policy options ; edited proceedings of a conference |
| title_exact_search | Acid depositions in Europe environmental effects, control strategies and policy options ; edited proceedings of a conference |
| title_full | Acid depositions in Europe environmental effects, control strategies and policy options ; edited proceedings of a conference UN ECE Workshop on the Application of Cost Effective Control Strategies. Ed. by M. J. Chadwick ... |
| title_fullStr | Acid depositions in Europe environmental effects, control strategies and policy options ; edited proceedings of a conference UN ECE Workshop on the Application of Cost Effective Control Strategies. Ed. by M. J. Chadwick ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acid depositions in Europe environmental effects, control strategies and policy options ; edited proceedings of a conference UN ECE Workshop on the Application of Cost Effective Control Strategies. Ed. by M. J. Chadwick ... |
| title_short | Acid depositions in Europe |
| title_sort | acid depositions in europe environmental effects control strategies and policy options edited proceedings of a conference |
| title_sub | environmental effects, control strategies and policy options ; edited proceedings of a conference |
| topic | Umweltverschmutzung (DE-588)4186812-2 gnd Saurer Regen (DE-588)4179239-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Umweltverschmutzung Saurer Regen Konferenzschrift 1988 Norrtälje |
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