Fundamentals of optical fibers:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Hoboken, NJ
Wiley
2004
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| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Wiley series in pure and applied optics
Wiley interscience |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVII, 332 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0471221910 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Fundamentals of optical fibers |c John A. Buck |
| 250 | |a 2. ed. | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Titel: Fundamentals of optical fibers
Autor: Buck, John A
Jahr: 2004
Contents Preface xiii Introduction xv Chapter 1. Selected Topics in Electromagnetic Wave Propagation 1 1.1. Maxwell’s Equations and the Fundamental Fields 1 1.2. Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in Sourceless Media 2 1.2.1. Wave Equations in Simple Media 3 1.2.2. Time-Harmonic Field Solutions 3 1.2.3. Vector Helmholtz Equations and the Uniform Plane Wave 5 1.2.4. E and H as Related Through the Intrinsic Impedance 5 1.3. Power Transmission 6 1.3.1. Computation of the Time-Average Power Density 6 1.3.2. Standing Wave Power 7 1.4. Group Velocity 8 1.4.1. Propagation of a Wave Containing Two Frequencies 8 1.4.2. Group Velocity Definition 9 1.5. Reflection and Transmission of Waves at Plane Interfaces 10 1.5.1. Reflection Geometry 10 1.5.2. Applying the Field Boundary Conditions 11 1.5.3. Special Cases: Total Transmission and Total Reflection 13 1.6. Material Resonances and Their Effects on Wave Propagation 13 1.6.1. The Classical Electron Oscillator Model and the Electric Susceptibility 14 1.6.2. Wave Propagation in Media with Complex Susceptibilities 16 1.6.3. Off-Resonance Behavior and the Sellmeier Equation 18 1.6.4. Time Domain Analysis 18 Problems 19 References 21 Chapter 2. Symmetric Dielectric Slab Waveguides 22 2.1. Ray Analysis of the Slab Waveguide 22 2.1.1. Guided Mode Requirements and Mode Types 23 2.1.2. Plane Wave Field Representations 25 2.1.3. Surface Waves and the Reflective Phase Shift 26 2.1.4. Transverse Resonance and the Eigenvalue Equations 28 vii
CONTENTS viii 2.2. Field Analysis of the Slab Waveguide 29 2.2.1. Solving for the Longitudinal Field Components 29 2.2.2. Obtaining the Transverse Field Components 31 2.3. Solutions of the Eigenvalue Equations 32 2.3.1. Graphical Solution Method 32 2.3.2. Interpreting the Graphical Solution 33 2.4. Power Transmission and Confinement 34 2.4.1. Power Computation and the Confinement Factor 35 2.4.2. Mode Orthogonality 36 2.5. Leaky Waves 36 2.5.1. TE and TM Polarization 38 2.5.2. Power Loss in Leaky Wave Transmission 38 2.6. Radiation Modes 40 2.6.1. Physical Description of Radiation Modes 40 2.6.2. Summary of Wave Types 41 2.7. Wave Propagation in Curved Slab Waveguides 42 2.7.1. Basic Concepts of Curved Guiding 42 2.7.2. Criteria for Small Curvature Loss 43 2.7.3. Analysis of Curved Slab Waveguides Through Conformal Transformation 44 Problems 47 References 50 Chapter 3. Weakly-Guiding Fibers with Step Index Profiles 51 3.1. Rays and Fields in the Step Index Fiber 53 3.1.1 Ray Trajectories and Transverse Resonance 53 3.1.2. Relations Between Ray Paths and Mode Field Patterns 55 3.1.3. Weakly Guiding Fibers and the LP Modes 55 3.2. Field Analysis of the Weakly Guiding Fiber 56 3.2.1. Assumed Field Solutions and Wave Equations for LP Modes 56 3.2.2. Solving the Wave Equation 57 3.2.3. Evaluating the Coefficients 59 3.3. Eigenvalue Equation for LP Modes 60 3.3.1. Derivation of the Eigenvalue Equation 60 3.3.2. Graphical Solution Method 62 3.3.3. Cutoff Conditions and Mode Designations 65 3.4. LP Mode Characteristics 66 3.4.1. Intensity Patterns and Polarizations 66 3.4.2. Parameter Computation 69 3.4.3. Power Confinement 71 3.5. Single-Mode Fiber Parameters 73 3.5.1. Cutoff Wavelength 73 3.5.2. Gaussian Approximation for the LPqi Mode Field 75
CONTENTS IX 3.6. Derivation of the General Step Index Fiber Fields 79 3.6.1. Mode Field Derivation 80 3.6.2. Mode Classification and the Eigenvalue Equation 81 3.6.3. The Eigenvalue Equation Under the Weak-Guidance Approximation 82 3.6.4. General Mode Fields Under the Weak-Guidance Approximation 84 3.6.5. LP Modes as Superpositions of General Modes 85 Problems 87 References 90 Chapter 4. Loss Mechanisms in Silica Fiber 92 4.1. Basic Loss Effects in Transmission 93 4.2. Fabrication of Silica Fibers 94 4.2.1. Preform Manufacturing Using MCVD 94 4.2.2. Dopants for Control of Refractive Index 95 4.2.3. Preform Completion and Fiber Drawing 96 4.3. Intrinsic Loss 97 4.3.1. Ultraviolet Absorption 97 4.3.2. Infrared Absorption 97 4.3.3. Rayleigh Scattering 98 4.3.4. Combined Intrinsic Losses 100 4.4. Extrinsic Loss 101 4.4.1. Metallic and Rare Earth Impurities 101 4.4.2. Loss Arising from OH 102 4.5. Bending Loss 103 4.5.1. Wave Theory of Macrobending Loss 104 4.5.2. Additional Factors That Influence Macrobending Loss 108 4.5.3. Microbending Loss 109 4.6. Source-to-Fiber Coupling 112 4.6.1. Single-Mode Fiber Splicing 113 4.6.2. Gaussian Beam Input Coupling 115 4.6.3. General Source Coupling to Multimode Fiber 117 4.6.4. Imaging Methods in Extended-Source Coupling 119 Problems 120 References 122 Chapters. Dispersion 125 5.1. Pulse Propagation in Media Possessing Quadratic Dispersion 126 5.1.1. Propagation of Transform-Limited Gaussian Pulses 126 5.1.2. Input Pulses with Initial Chirp 131 5.1.3. Gaussian Pulses Having Excess Bandwidth 133 5.1.4. Characterizing Arbitrarily Shaped Pulses 134 5.1.5. Cubic Dispersion 136
X CONTENTS 5.2. Material Dispersion 138 5.2.1. Group Delay and Group Index 138 5.2.2. Dispersion Parameter 141 5.2.3. Wavelength Domain Description of Cubic Dispersion 142 5.3. Dispersion in Optical Fiber 145 5.3.1. Group Delay in Step Index Fiber 145 5.3.2. Group Dispersion in Single-Mode Fiber 149 5.4. Chromatic Dispersion Compensation 153 5.4.1. Dispersion-Compensating Fiber 153 5.4.2. Gires-Toumois Interferometer 154 5.4.3. Chirped Fiber Bragg Grating 159 5.5. Polarization Dispersion 161 5.5.1. Wave Polarization in Single-Mode Fiber 162 5.5.2. Differential Group Delay and Polarization Mode Dispersion in the Intrinsic Regime 164 5.5.3. Polarization Mode Dispersion in the Coupled Regime 166 5.6. System Considerations and Dispersion Measurement 172 5.6.1. Linear System Model—Fiber Bandwidth 173 5.6.2. Dispersion Limits 174 5.6.3. Dispersion Measurement 176 Problems 178 References 183 Chapter 6. Special-Purpose Index Profiles 185 6.1. Multimode Graded Index Fiber 185 6.1.1. Ray Optics Picture 186 6.1.2. Field Analysis 188 6.1.3. Index Profile Optimization 194 6.2. Special Index Profiles in Single-Mode Fiber 198 6.2.1. The Equivalent Step Index Method 198 6.2.2. Index Profiles for Control of Loss and Dispersion 207 6.2.3. Polarization-Maintaining Fiber 214 6.2.4. Photonic Crystal Fiber 219 Problems 223 References 225 Chapter 7. Nonlinear Effects in Fibers I: Nonresonant Processes 228 7.1. Nonlinear Optics Fundamentals 229 7.1.1. The Role of Medium Polarization in Wave Propagation 229 7.1.2. The Nonlinear Polarization 230 7.1.3. The Structure of the Nonlinear Susceptibility 232 7.1.4. Symmetries in the Third-Order Susceptibility Tensor 235 7.1.5. Example: Third Harmonic Generation 237 7.2. Nonlinear Phase Modulation on Pulses 241 7.2.1. Nonlinear Refractive Index 241 7.2.2. Self-Phase Modulation 243
CONTENTS xi 7.3. The Nonlinear Schrôdinger Equation 245 7.3.1. Development of the Nonlinear Schrôdinger Equation from the Wave Equation 246 7.3.2. Normalized Form of the Nonlinear Schrôdinger Equation 249 7.3.3. Optical Solitons 251 7.4. Additional Nonresonant Processes 255 7.4.1. Cross-Phase Modulation 258 7.4.2. Four-Wave Mixing 260 Problems 263 References 265 Chapter 8. Nonlinear Effects in Fibers II: Resonant Processes and Amplification 267 8.1. Raman Scattering 268 8.1.1. Basic Theory of Stimulated Raman Scattering 268 8.1.2. Raman Gain in Silica Fiber 274 8.1.3. Stimulated and Spontaneous Raman Scattering in Fiber 276 8.1.4. Multiple Stokes Orders and Raman Cross-Talk 279 8.1.5. Raman Fiber Amplifiers 282 8.2. Stimulated Brillouin Scattering 285 8.2.1. Stimulated Brillouin Scattering as a Third-Order Process 286 8.2.2. The Acoustic Displacement Equation 287 8.2.3. The Nonlinear Polarizations and Coupled Equations for Stimulated Brillouin Scattering 288 8.2.4. Brillouin Amplification 290 8.2.5. Adapting the Theory to Optical Fibers 292 8.3. Rare-Earth-Doped Fiber Amplifiers 293 8.3.1. Basic Theory of Amplification by Stimulated Emission 294 8.3.2. Absorption and Emission Characteristics of Erbium-Doped Fiber 296 8.3.3. Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier Fabrication, Configuration, and Operating Regimes 302 8.3.4. Gain Flattening and Noise 304 8.3.5. Other Rare-Earth-Doped Systems 305 Problems 309 References 311 Appendix A. Properties of Bessel Functions 315 Appendix B. Notation 319 Index 325
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| discipline | Physik Elektrotechnik / Elektronik / Nachrichtentechnik |
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| spelling | Buck, John A. Verfasser aut Fundamentals of optical fibers John A. Buck 2. ed. Hoboken, NJ Wiley 2004 XVII, 332 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Wiley series in pure and applied optics Wiley interscience Lichtleitfaser (DE-588)4167589-7 gnd rswk-swf Lichtleitfaser (DE-588)4167589-7 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017196404&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| title | Fundamentals of optical fibers |
| title_auth | Fundamentals of optical fibers |
| title_exact_search | Fundamentals of optical fibers |
| title_full | Fundamentals of optical fibers John A. Buck |
| title_fullStr | Fundamentals of optical fibers John A. Buck |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fundamentals of optical fibers John A. Buck |
| title_short | Fundamentals of optical fibers |
| title_sort | fundamentals of optical fibers |
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