The effect of internal migration on local labor markets: American cities during the Great Depression
During the Great Depression, as in the modern era, in-migrants were accused of taking jobs and crowding relief rolls. Unlike today, the targets of protest during the Depression were typically American citizens from other parts of the country, rather than the foreign born. Using aggregate data on int...
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| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge, Mass.
National Bureau of Economic Research
2007
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Working paper series / National Bureau of Economic Research
13276 |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Zusammenfassung: | During the Great Depression, as in the modern era, in-migrants were accused of taking jobs and crowding relief rolls. Unlike today, the targets of protest during the Depression were typically American citizens from other parts of the country, rather than the foreign born. Using aggregate data on internal migration flows matched to individual records from the 1940 Census, we analyze the impact of internal migration on various labor market outcomes. To control for the likely endogeneity bias that would arise if migrants were attracted to areas with high wages or plentiful work opportunities, we instrument for migration flows. The instrument predicts out-migration from local areas using extreme weather events and variations in the generosity of New Deal programs and assigns these flows to destinations based on geographic distance. As in many contemporary studies of immigration, our results indicate that residents of metropolitan areas with high in-migration rates did not experience a drop in hourly earnings. Instead, longer term residents of high in-migration areas experienced three types of economic dislocation. A significant number moved away. Many of those who stayed experienced either a drop in annual weeks of work and/or reductions in access to work relief jobs. During a Depression with extraordinary unemployment and an extensive amount of job sharing, these lost work opportunities were costly to existing residents. |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturverz. S. 38 - 41 |
| Beschreibung: | 43 S. graph. Darst. 22 cm |
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| 520 | 8 | |a During the Great Depression, as in the modern era, in-migrants were accused of taking jobs and crowding relief rolls. Unlike today, the targets of protest during the Depression were typically American citizens from other parts of the country, rather than the foreign born. Using aggregate data on internal migration flows matched to individual records from the 1940 Census, we analyze the impact of internal migration on various labor market outcomes. To control for the likely endogeneity bias that would arise if migrants were attracted to areas with high wages or plentiful work opportunities, we instrument for migration flows. The instrument predicts out-migration from local areas using extreme weather events and variations in the generosity of New Deal programs and assigns these flows to destinations based on geographic distance. As in many contemporary studies of immigration, our results indicate that residents of metropolitan areas with high in-migration rates did not experience a drop in hourly earnings. Instead, longer term residents of high in-migration areas experienced three types of economic dislocation. A significant number moved away. Many of those who stayed experienced either a drop in annual weeks of work and/or reductions in access to work relief jobs. During a Depression with extraordinary unemployment and an extensive amount of job sharing, these lost work opportunities were costly to existing residents. | |
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| spelling | Boustan, Leah Platt Verfasser (DE-588)133564819 aut The effect of internal migration on local labor markets American cities during the Great Depression Leah Platt Boustan ; Price V. Fishback ; Shawn E. Kantor Cambridge, Mass. National Bureau of Economic Research 2007 43 S. graph. Darst. 22 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Working paper series / National Bureau of Economic Research 13276 Literaturverz. S. 38 - 41 During the Great Depression, as in the modern era, in-migrants were accused of taking jobs and crowding relief rolls. Unlike today, the targets of protest during the Depression were typically American citizens from other parts of the country, rather than the foreign born. Using aggregate data on internal migration flows matched to individual records from the 1940 Census, we analyze the impact of internal migration on various labor market outcomes. To control for the likely endogeneity bias that would arise if migrants were attracted to areas with high wages or plentiful work opportunities, we instrument for migration flows. The instrument predicts out-migration from local areas using extreme weather events and variations in the generosity of New Deal programs and assigns these flows to destinations based on geographic distance. As in many contemporary studies of immigration, our results indicate that residents of metropolitan areas with high in-migration rates did not experience a drop in hourly earnings. Instead, longer term residents of high in-migration areas experienced three types of economic dislocation. A significant number moved away. Many of those who stayed experienced either a drop in annual weeks of work and/or reductions in access to work relief jobs. During a Depression with extraordinary unemployment and an extensive amount of job sharing, these lost work opportunities were costly to existing residents. Fishback, Price 1955- Verfasser (DE-588)121940608 aut Kantor, Shawn Everett Verfasser (DE-588)124086128 aut Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe National Bureau of Economic Research <Cambridge, Mass.> NBER working paper series 13276 (DE-604)BV002801238 13276 http://papers.nber.org/papers/w13276.pdf kostenfrei Volltext |
| spellingShingle | Boustan, Leah Platt Fishback, Price 1955- Kantor, Shawn Everett The effect of internal migration on local labor markets American cities during the Great Depression |
| title | The effect of internal migration on local labor markets American cities during the Great Depression |
| title_auth | The effect of internal migration on local labor markets American cities during the Great Depression |
| title_exact_search | The effect of internal migration on local labor markets American cities during the Great Depression |
| title_exact_search_txtP | The effect of internal migration on local labor markets American cities during the Great Depression |
| title_full | The effect of internal migration on local labor markets American cities during the Great Depression Leah Platt Boustan ; Price V. Fishback ; Shawn E. Kantor |
| title_fullStr | The effect of internal migration on local labor markets American cities during the Great Depression Leah Platt Boustan ; Price V. Fishback ; Shawn E. Kantor |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of internal migration on local labor markets American cities during the Great Depression Leah Platt Boustan ; Price V. Fishback ; Shawn E. Kantor |
| title_short | The effect of internal migration on local labor markets |
| title_sort | the effect of internal migration on local labor markets american cities during the great depression |
| title_sub | American cities during the Great Depression |
| url | http://papers.nber.org/papers/w13276.pdf |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV002801238 |
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