Enzyme biocatalysis: principles and applications
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
[New York, NY]
Springer
2008
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | X, 391 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 235 mm x 155 mm |
| ISBN: | 9781402083617 9781402083600 1402083602 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Enzyme biocatalysis |b principles and applications |c Andrés Illanes, ed. |
| 264 | 1 | |a [New York, NY] |b Springer |c 2008 | |
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| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804137791989219328 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Foreword
.
їх
1
Introduction
................................................ 1
Andrés
Dianes
1.1
Catalysis and Biocatalysis
.................................... 1
1.2
Enzymes as Catalysis. Structure-Functionality
Relationships
.............................................. 4
1.3
The Concept and Determination of Enzyme Activity
.............. 8
1.4
Enzyme Classes. Properties and Technological Significance
....... 16
1.5
Applications of Enzymes. Enzyme as Process Catalysts
........... 19
1.6
Enzyme Processes: the Evolution from Degradation
to Synthesis. Biocatalysis in Aqueous and
Non-conventional Media
..................................... 31
References
..................................................... 39
2
Enzyme Production
.......................................... 57
Andres Illanes
2.1
Enzyme Sources
............................................ 57
2.2
Production of Enzymes
...................................... 60
2.2.1
Enzyme Synthesis
.................................... 61
2.2.2
Enzyme Recovery
.................................... 65
2.2.3
Enzyme Purification
.................................. 74
2.2.4
Enzyme Formulation
.................................. 84
References
..................................................... 89
3
Homogeneous Enzyme Kinetics
................................ 107
Andres Illanes, Claudia Altamirano, and Lorena Wilson
3.1
General Aspects
............................................107
3.2
Hypothesis of Enzyme Kinetics. Determination of
Kinetic Parameters
..........................................108
3.2.1
Rapid Equilibrium and Steady-State Hypothesis
...........108
vi
Contents
3.2.2 Determination
of Kinetic Parameters for Irreversible and
Reversible One-Substrate Reactions
.....................112
3.3
Kinetics of Enzyme Inhibition
................................116
3.3.1
Types of Inhibition
...................................116
3.3.2
Development of a Generalized Kinetic Model for
One-Substrate Reactions Under Inhibition
................117
3.3.3
Determination of Kinetic Parameters for One-Substrate
Reactions Under Inhibition
............................120
3.4
Reactions with More than One Substrate
........................124
3.4.1
Mechanisms of Reaction
..............................124
3.4.2
Development of Kinetic Models
........................125
3.4.3
Determination of Kinetic Parameters
....................131
3.5
Environmental Variables in Enzyme Kinetics
....................133
3.5.1
Effect of
pH:
Hypothesis of
Michaelis
and
Davidsohn.
Effect on Enzyme Affinity and Reactivity
................134
3.5.2
Effect of Temperature: Effect on Enzyme Affinity,
Reactivity and Stability
...............................140
3.5.3
Effect of Ionic Strength
...............................148
References
.....................................................151
4
Heterogeneous Enzyme Kinetics
............................... 155
Andres Illanes, Roberto
Femández-Lafuente, José
M.
Guisan,
and Lorena Wilson
4.1
Enzyme Immobilization
.....................................155
4.1.1
Methods of Immobilization
............................156
4.1.2
Evaluation of Immobilization
..........................166
4.2
Heterogeneous Kinetics: Apparent, Inherent and Intrinsic Kinetics;
Mass Transfer Effects in Heterogeneous Biocatalysis
.............169
4.3
Partition Effects
............................................171
4.4
Diffusional Restrictions
......................................172
4.4.1
External Diffusional Restrictions
.......................173
4.4.2
Internal Diffusional Restrictions
........................181
4.4.3
Combined Effect of External and Internal
Diffusional Restrictions
...............................192
References
.....................................................197
5
Enzyme Reactors
............................................205
Andrés
Illanes and Claudia Altamirano
5.1
Types of Reactors, Modes of Operation
.........................205
5.2
Basic Design of Enzyme Reactors
.............................207
5.2.1
Design Fundamentals
.................................207
5.2.2
Basic Design of Enzyme Reactors Under Ideal Conditions.
Batch Reactor; Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor Under
Complete Mixing; Continuous Packed-Bed Reactor Under
Plug Flow Regime
....................................209
Contents
vii
5.3
Effect of Diffusional Restrictions on Enzyme Reactor Design
and Performance in Heterogeneous Systems. Determination of
Effectiveness Factors. Batch Reactor; Continuous Stirred Tank
Reactor Under Complete Mixing; Continuous Packed-Bed Reactor
Under Plug Flow Regime
....................................223
5.4
Effect of Thermal Inactivation on Enzyme Reactor
Design and Performance
.....................................224
5.4.1
Complex Mechanisms of Enzyme Inactivation
............225
5.4.2
Effects of Modulation on Thermal Inactivation
............231
5.4.3
Enzyme Reactor Design and Performance
Under Non-Modulated and Modulated
Enzyme Thermal Inactivation
..........................234
5.4.4
Operation of Enzyme Reactors Under Inactivation
and Thermal Optimization
.............................240
5.4.5
Enzyme Reactor Design and Performance Under Thermal
Inactivation and Mass Transfer Limitations
...............245
References
.....................................................248
6
Study Cases of Enzymatic Processes
............................253
6.1
Proteases as Catalysts for
Peptide
Synthesis
.....................253
Sonia
Barberis, Fanny Guzman, Andres Illanes, and
Joseph
López-Santín
6.1.1
Chemical Synthesis of Peptides
.........................254
6.1.2
Proteases as Catalysts for
Peptide
Synthesis
..............257
6.1.3
Enzymatic Synthesis of Peptides
........................258
6.1.4
Process Considerations for the Synthesis of Peptides
.......263
6.1.5
Concluding Remarks
..................................267
References
.....................................................268
6.2
Synthesis of
ß-Lactam
Antibiotics with Penicillin Acylases
.......273
Andres Illanes and Lorena Wilson
6.2.1
Introduction
.........................................274
6.2.2
Chemical Versus Enzymatic Synthesis of Semi-Synthetic
/3-Lactam Antibiotics
.................................274
6.2.3
Strategies of Enzymatic Synthesis
.......................276
6.2.4
Penicillin Acylase Biocatalysts
.........................277
6.2.5
Synthesis of
ß-Lactam
Antibiotics in Homogeneous and
Heterogeneous Aqueous and Organic Media
..............279
6.2.6
Model of Reactor Performance for the Production of
Semi-Synthetic /3-Lactam Antibiotics
...................282
References
.....................................................285
6.3
Chimioselective Esterification of Wood Sterols with Lipases
.......292
Gregorio Alvaro
and
Andrés
Illanes
6.3.1
Sources and Production of Lipases
......................293
6.3.2
Structure and Functionality of Lipases
...................296
viii Contents
6.3.3
Improvement of Lipases by Medium and Biocatalyst
Engineering
.........................................299
6.3.4
Applications of Lipases
...............................304
6.3.5
Development of a Process for the Selective
Transesterification of the Stanol Fraction of Wood
Sterols with Immobilized Lipases
.......................308
References
.....................................................315
6.4
Oxidoreductases as Powerful Biocatalysts for Green Chemistry
.... 323
José M.
Guisan,
Roberto
Fernández-Lafuente, Lorena
Wilson, and
César Mateo
6.4.1
Mild and Selective Oxidations Catalyzed by
Oxidases
......324
6.4.2
Redox
Biotransformations
Catalyzed by Dehydrogenases
.. . 326
6.4.3
Immobilization-Stabilization of Dehydrogenases
..........329
6.4.4
Reactor Engineering
..................................330
6.4.5
Production of Long-Chain Fatty Acids with Dehydrogenases
331
References
.....................................................332
6.5
Use of Aldolases for Asymmetric Synthesis
.....................333
Josep
López-Santín, Gregorio Alvaro,
and
Pere
Clapés
6.5.1
Aldolases:
Definitions and Classification
.................334
6.5.2
Preparation of Aldolase Biocatalysts
....................335
6.5.3
Reaction Performance: Medium Engineering and Kinetics
.. 339
6.5.4
Synthetic Applications
................................346
6.5.5
Conclusions
.........................................352
References
.....................................................352
6.6
Application of Enzymatic Reactors for the Degradation of Highly
and Poorly Soluble Recalcitrant Compounds
....................355
Juan M.
Lema,
Gemma Eibes, Carmen
López,
M.
Teresa
Moreira,
and
Gumersindo
Feijoo
6.6.1
Potential Application of Oxidative Enzymes for
Environmental Purposes
...............................355
6.6.2
Requirements for an Efficient Catalytic Cycle
.............357
6.6.3
Enzymatic Reactor Configurations
......................358
6.6.4
Modeling of Enzymatic Reactors
.......................364
6.6.5
Case Studies
.........................................365
6.6.6
Conclusions and Perspectives
..........................374
References
.....................................................375
Index
.............................................................379
The book is intended to provide a sound basis for enzyme reactor design based on
kinetic principles, and give an updated vision of the potentials and limitations of
enzyme biocatalysis, especially with respect to recent applications in processes
of organic synthesis. The book is structured in the form of a textbook that
goes from basic principles of enzyme structure and function to reactor design
for homogeneous systems with soluble enzymes, and heterogeneous systems
with insolubilized enzymes. It contains an introductory chapter that gives an
updated overview of enzyme technology, a chapter on enzyme production
focused on large-scale operations, two chapters devoted to homogeneous
and heterogeneous enzyme kinetics and a chapter on enzyme reactor design and
operation based on enzyme kinetics principles, mass transfer limitations and
enzyme inactivation. The book is complemented with case studies of biocatalytic
processes of industrial relevance or potential, written by experts in those fields.
Applications of proteases, acylases, lipases, aldolases and dehydrogenases in
reactions of organic synthesis, and peroxidases in the degradation of recalcitrant
organic compounds, are used as selected examples to illustrate the realities
and potentials of enzymes as process catalysts.
|
| adam_txt |
Contents
Foreword
.
їх
1
Introduction
. 1
Andrés
Dianes
1.1
Catalysis and Biocatalysis
. 1
1.2
Enzymes as Catalysis. Structure-Functionality
Relationships
. 4
1.3
The Concept and Determination of Enzyme Activity
. 8
1.4
Enzyme Classes. Properties and Technological Significance
. 16
1.5
Applications of Enzymes. Enzyme as Process Catalysts
. 19
1.6
Enzyme Processes: the Evolution from Degradation
to Synthesis. Biocatalysis in Aqueous and
Non-conventional Media
. 31
References
. 39
2
Enzyme Production
. 57
Andres Illanes
2.1
Enzyme Sources
. 57
2.2
Production of Enzymes
. 60
2.2.1
Enzyme Synthesis
. 61
2.2.2
Enzyme Recovery
. 65
2.2.3
Enzyme Purification
. 74
2.2.4
Enzyme Formulation
. 84
References
. 89
3
Homogeneous Enzyme Kinetics
. 107
Andres Illanes, Claudia Altamirano, and Lorena Wilson
3.1
General Aspects
.107
3.2
Hypothesis of Enzyme Kinetics. Determination of
Kinetic Parameters
.108
3.2.1
Rapid Equilibrium and Steady-State Hypothesis
.108
vi
Contents
3.2.2 Determination
of Kinetic Parameters for Irreversible and
Reversible One-Substrate Reactions
.112
3.3
Kinetics of Enzyme Inhibition
.116
3.3.1
Types of Inhibition
.116
3.3.2
Development of a Generalized Kinetic Model for
One-Substrate Reactions Under Inhibition
.117
3.3.3
Determination of Kinetic Parameters for One-Substrate
Reactions Under Inhibition
.120
3.4
Reactions with More than One Substrate
.124
3.4.1
Mechanisms of Reaction
.124
3.4.2
Development of Kinetic Models
.125
3.4.3
Determination of Kinetic Parameters
.131
3.5
Environmental Variables in Enzyme Kinetics
.133
3.5.1
Effect of
pH:
Hypothesis of
Michaelis
and
Davidsohn.
Effect on Enzyme Affinity and Reactivity
.134
3.5.2
Effect of Temperature: Effect on Enzyme Affinity,
Reactivity and Stability
.140
3.5.3
Effect of Ionic Strength
.148
References
.151
4
Heterogeneous Enzyme Kinetics
. 155
Andres Illanes, Roberto
Femández-Lafuente, José
M.
Guisan,
and Lorena Wilson
4.1
Enzyme Immobilization
.155
4.1.1
Methods of Immobilization
.156
4.1.2
Evaluation of Immobilization
.166
4.2
Heterogeneous Kinetics: Apparent, Inherent and Intrinsic Kinetics;
Mass Transfer Effects in Heterogeneous Biocatalysis
.169
4.3
Partition Effects
.171
4.4
Diffusional Restrictions
.172
4.4.1
External Diffusional Restrictions
.173
4.4.2
Internal Diffusional Restrictions
.181
4.4.3
Combined Effect of External and Internal
Diffusional Restrictions
.192
References
.197
5
Enzyme Reactors
.205
Andrés
Illanes and Claudia Altamirano
5.1
Types of Reactors, Modes of Operation
.205
5.2
Basic Design of Enzyme Reactors
.207
5.2.1
Design Fundamentals
.207
5.2.2
Basic Design of Enzyme Reactors Under Ideal Conditions.
Batch Reactor; Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor Under
Complete Mixing; Continuous Packed-Bed Reactor Under
Plug Flow Regime
.209
Contents
vii
5.3
Effect of Diffusional Restrictions on Enzyme Reactor Design
and Performance in Heterogeneous Systems. Determination of
Effectiveness Factors. Batch Reactor; Continuous Stirred Tank
Reactor Under Complete Mixing; Continuous Packed-Bed Reactor
Under Plug Flow Regime
.223
5.4
Effect of Thermal Inactivation on Enzyme Reactor
Design and Performance
.224
5.4.1
Complex Mechanisms of Enzyme Inactivation
.225
5.4.2
Effects of Modulation on Thermal Inactivation
.231
5.4.3
Enzyme Reactor Design and Performance
Under Non-Modulated and Modulated
Enzyme Thermal Inactivation
.234
5.4.4
Operation of Enzyme Reactors Under Inactivation
and Thermal Optimization
.240
5.4.5
Enzyme Reactor Design and Performance Under Thermal
Inactivation and Mass Transfer Limitations
.245
References
.248
6
Study Cases of Enzymatic Processes
.253
6.1
Proteases as Catalysts for
Peptide
Synthesis
.253
Sonia
Barberis, Fanny Guzman, Andres Illanes, and
Joseph
López-Santín
6.1.1
Chemical Synthesis of Peptides
.254
6.1.2
Proteases as Catalysts for
Peptide
Synthesis
.257
6.1.3
Enzymatic Synthesis of Peptides
.258
6.1.4
Process Considerations for the Synthesis of Peptides
.263
6.1.5
Concluding Remarks
.267
References
.268
6.2
Synthesis of
ß-Lactam
Antibiotics with Penicillin Acylases
.273
Andres Illanes and Lorena Wilson
6.2.1
Introduction
.274
6.2.2
Chemical Versus Enzymatic Synthesis of Semi-Synthetic
/3-Lactam Antibiotics
.274
6.2.3
Strategies of Enzymatic Synthesis
.276
6.2.4
Penicillin Acylase Biocatalysts
.277
6.2.5
Synthesis of
ß-Lactam
Antibiotics in Homogeneous and
Heterogeneous Aqueous and Organic Media
.279
6.2.6
Model of Reactor Performance for the Production of
Semi-Synthetic /3-Lactam Antibiotics
.282
References
.285
6.3
Chimioselective Esterification of Wood Sterols with Lipases
.292
Gregorio Alvaro
and
Andrés
Illanes
6.3.1
Sources and Production of Lipases
.293
6.3.2
Structure and Functionality of Lipases
.296
viii Contents
6.3.3
Improvement of Lipases by Medium and Biocatalyst
Engineering
.299
6.3.4
Applications of Lipases
.304
6.3.5
Development of a Process for the Selective
Transesterification of the Stanol Fraction of Wood
Sterols with Immobilized Lipases
.308
References
.315
6.4
Oxidoreductases as Powerful Biocatalysts for Green Chemistry
. 323
José M.
Guisan,
Roberto
Fernández-Lafuente, Lorena
Wilson, and
César Mateo
6.4.1
Mild and Selective Oxidations Catalyzed by
Oxidases
.324
6.4.2
Redox
Biotransformations
Catalyzed by Dehydrogenases
. . 326
6.4.3
Immobilization-Stabilization of Dehydrogenases
.329
6.4.4
Reactor Engineering
.330
6.4.5
Production of Long-Chain Fatty Acids with Dehydrogenases
331
References
.332
6.5
Use of Aldolases for Asymmetric Synthesis
.333
Josep
López-Santín, Gregorio Alvaro,
and
Pere
Clapés
6.5.1
Aldolases:
Definitions and Classification
.334
6.5.2
Preparation of Aldolase Biocatalysts
.335
6.5.3
Reaction Performance: Medium Engineering and Kinetics
. 339
6.5.4
Synthetic Applications
.346
6.5.5
Conclusions
.352
References
.352
6.6
Application of Enzymatic Reactors for the Degradation of Highly
and Poorly Soluble Recalcitrant Compounds
.355
Juan M.
Lema,
Gemma Eibes, Carmen
López,
M.
Teresa
Moreira,
and
Gumersindo
Feijoo
6.6.1
Potential Application of Oxidative Enzymes for
Environmental Purposes
.355
6.6.2
Requirements for an Efficient Catalytic Cycle
.357
6.6.3
Enzymatic Reactor Configurations
.358
6.6.4
Modeling of Enzymatic Reactors
.364
6.6.5
Case Studies
.365
6.6.6
Conclusions and Perspectives
.374
References
.375
Index
.379
The book is intended to provide a sound basis for enzyme reactor design based on
kinetic principles, and give an updated vision of the potentials and limitations of
enzyme biocatalysis, especially with respect to recent applications in processes
of organic synthesis. The book is structured in the form of a textbook that
goes from basic principles of enzyme structure and function to reactor design
for homogeneous systems with soluble enzymes, and heterogeneous systems
with insolubilized enzymes. It contains an introductory chapter that gives an
updated overview of enzyme technology, a chapter on enzyme production
focused on large-scale operations, two chapters devoted to homogeneous
and heterogeneous enzyme kinetics and a chapter on enzyme reactor design and
operation based on enzyme kinetics principles, mass transfer limitations and
enzyme inactivation. The book is complemented with case studies of biocatalytic
processes of industrial relevance or potential, written by experts in those fields.
Applications of proteases, acylases, lipases, aldolases and dehydrogenases in
reactions of organic synthesis, and peroxidases in the degradation of recalcitrant
organic compounds, are used as selected examples to illustrate the realities
and potentials of enzymes as process catalysts. |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV023406563 |
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| callnumber-label | TP248 |
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| callnumber-search | TP248.65.E59 |
| callnumber-sort | TP 3248.65 E59 |
| callnumber-subject | TP - Chemical Technology |
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| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)226281077 (DE-599)DNB987491121 |
| dewey-full | 660.634 |
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| genre | (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung |
| id | DE-604.BV023406563 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T21:25:48Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:17:55Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781402083617 9781402083600 1402083602 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016589246 |
| oclc_num | 226281077 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-91G DE-BY-TUM DE-703 DE-83 DE-11 |
| owner_facet | DE-91G DE-BY-TUM DE-703 DE-83 DE-11 |
| physical | X, 391 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 235 mm x 155 mm |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSearch | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Enzyme biocatalysis principles and applications Andrés Illanes, ed. [New York, NY] Springer 2008 X, 391 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 235 mm x 155 mm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Biocatalysis Enzymes Biotechnology Enzymes Synthesis Enzymes chemistry Enzym (DE-588)4014988-2 gnd rswk-swf Biokatalyse (DE-588)4393622-2 gnd rswk-swf Enzymtechnologie (DE-588)4135962-8 gnd rswk-swf Bioreaktor (DE-588)4006780-4 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Bioreaktor (DE-588)4006780-4 s Biokatalyse (DE-588)4393622-2 s Enzym (DE-588)4014988-2 s DE-604 Enzymtechnologie (DE-588)4135962-8 s b DE-604 Illanes, Andrés Sonstige oth Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016589246&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016589246&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Enzyme biocatalysis principles and applications Biocatalysis Enzymes Biotechnology Enzymes Synthesis Enzymes chemistry Enzym (DE-588)4014988-2 gnd Biokatalyse (DE-588)4393622-2 gnd Enzymtechnologie (DE-588)4135962-8 gnd Bioreaktor (DE-588)4006780-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4014988-2 (DE-588)4393622-2 (DE-588)4135962-8 (DE-588)4006780-4 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Enzyme biocatalysis principles and applications |
| title_auth | Enzyme biocatalysis principles and applications |
| title_exact_search | Enzyme biocatalysis principles and applications |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Enzyme biocatalysis principles and applications |
| title_full | Enzyme biocatalysis principles and applications Andrés Illanes, ed. |
| title_fullStr | Enzyme biocatalysis principles and applications Andrés Illanes, ed. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enzyme biocatalysis principles and applications Andrés Illanes, ed. |
| title_short | Enzyme biocatalysis |
| title_sort | enzyme biocatalysis principles and applications |
| title_sub | principles and applications |
| topic | Biocatalysis Enzymes Biotechnology Enzymes Synthesis Enzymes chemistry Enzym (DE-588)4014988-2 gnd Biokatalyse (DE-588)4393622-2 gnd Enzymtechnologie (DE-588)4135962-8 gnd Bioreaktor (DE-588)4006780-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Biocatalysis Enzymes Biotechnology Enzymes Synthesis Enzymes chemistry Enzym Biokatalyse Enzymtechnologie Bioreaktor Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016589246&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016589246&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT illanesandres enzymebiocatalysisprinciplesandapplications |