Philosophical dilemmas: a pro and con introduction to the major questions
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York [u.a.]
Oxford Univ. Press
2008
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| Ausgabe: | 3. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | XXIII, 500 S. 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 9780195314649 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Washburn, Phil |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Philosophical dilemmas |b a pro and con introduction to the major questions |c Phil Washburn |
| 250 | |a 3. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a New York [u.a.] |b Oxford Univ. Press |c 2008 | |
| 300 | |a XXIII, 500 S. |c 24 cm | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Philosophie | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Philosophy |v Introductions | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Philosophie |0 (DE-588)4045791-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016561798 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804137750117482496 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | BRIEF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1. GOD, IMMORTALITY, AND FAITH 15 1.1 DOES GOD
EXIST? 16 1.2 IS GOD LIKE HUMAN BEINGS? 29 1.3 CAN GOD ALLOW INNOCENT
SUFFERING? 41 1.4 IS THE SOULIMMORTAL? 52 1.5 IS FAITH AN ANSWER? 62 1.6
IS BELIEVING IN GOD NECESSARY FOR A MEANINGFUL LIFE? 75 1.7 CURRENT
CONTROVERSY: IS BUDDHISM PHILOSOPHY? 92 CHAPTER 2. LIBERTY, EQUALITY,
AND JUSTICE 113 2.1 IS SOCIETY BASED ON A CONTRACT? 114 2.2 IS LIBERTY
THE HIGHEST SOCIAL VALUE? 127 2.3 IS EQUALITY THE HIGHEST SOCIAL VALUE?
141 2.4 IS CAPITALISM JUST? 153 2.5 SHOULD WE ESTABLISH A WORLD
GOVERNMENT? 168 2.6 CURRENT CONTROVERSY: IS RACEESSENTIAL TO IDENTITY?
182 CHAPTER 3. HAPPINESS, OBLIGATIONS, AND VALUES 205 3.1 IS PLEASURETHE
ONLY VALUE? 206 3.2 CAN WE UNDERSTAND HAPPINESS? 221 3.3 IS MORALITY
RELATIVE? 231 3.4 IS HAPPINESS THE STANDARD OF MORALITY? 244 3.5 IS
SOCIETY THE SOURCE OF VALUES? 260 3.6 CURRENT CONTROVERSY: SHOULD
DOCTORS EVER END PEOPLE S LIVES? 270 CHAPTER 4. FREE WILL, MIND, AND
HUMAN NATURE 293 4.1 ARE WE FREE? 294 4.2 ARE WE RESPONSIBLE FOR OUR
ACTIONS? 308 4.3 IS THE MIND NOTHING BUT THE BRAIN? 320 4.4 CAN
COMPUTERS THINK? 331 4.5 ARE WE ALWAYS SELFISH? 343 4.6 DOES PERSONAL
IDENTITY DEPEND ON MEMORY? 354 4.7 CURRENT CONTROVERSY: ARE THE
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN PHILOSOPHICALLY SIGNIFICANT? 372 VII
VIII BRIEF CONTENTS CHAPTER 5. KNOWLEDGE, SEJENEE, AND TRUTH 397 5.1 CAN
WE KNOW ABOUT THE EXTEMAL WORLD? 398 5.2 DOES SEIENEE GIVE US REAL
KNOWLEDGE? 409 5.3 IS EXPERIENEE THE SOUREE OF ALL KNOWLEDGE? 421 5.4 IS
CERTAINTY THE STANDARD OF KNOWLEDGE? 434 5.5 CURRENT CONTROVERSY: DOES
TRUTH EXIST? 449 CONTENTS PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION XVI PREFACE XVII
HISTORICAL PARALLEIS XX INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1. GOD, IMMORTALITY, AND
FAITH 15 1.1 DOES GOD EXIST? 16 YES: CAUSAL THEIST. IN THE BEGINNING
16 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 18 YES: DESIGN THEIST. DESIGN OR CHANCE? 19
CRITICAL QUESTIONS 22 NO: ATHEIST. THE RETREAT OF THE GODS 22 CRITICAL
QUESTIONS 25 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES: ARGUMENTS 25 UNDERSTANDING THE
DILEMMA 26 1.2 IS GOD L1KE HUMAN BEINGS? 29 NO: ABSTRACTIONIST. GOD IS
LOVE 30 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 34 YES: PERSONALIST. THE PROJECTION THEORY
34 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 37 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES: MEANINGS OF WORDS 38
UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 39 1.3 CAN GOD ALLOW INNOCENT SUFFERING? 41
NO: CONTRADICTOR. THERE IS NO GOD 42 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 45 YES:
RECONCILER. CHARACTER AND CONTENTMENT 45 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 48 METHODS
AND TECHNIQUES: CONSISTENT BELIEFS 48 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 49 1.4
IS THE SOUL IMMORTAL? 52 NO: MORTALIST. IMMORTALITY 53 CRITICAL
QUESTIONS 55 YES: SURVIVOR. FOR AND AGAINST AN AFTERLIFE 55 CRITICAL
QUESTIONS 58 IX X CONTENTS METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:FACTS AND CONCEPTS 58
UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 60 1.5 IS FAITH AN ANSWER? 62 YES:BELIEVER.
ACCEPTIFLG LIMITS 63 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 67 NO: QUESTIONER. FAITH AND
ITS CONSEQUENCES 67 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 70 METHODS AND
TECHNIQUES:CONSEQUENCES 71 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 73 1.6 IS BELIEVING
IN GOD NECESSARY FOR A MEANINGFUL L1FE? 75 YES:MEANING THEIST. THE
MEANING OF LIFE IS THE SUBMISSION TO GOD 76 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 80 NO:
EXISTENTIALIST. THE MYTH OF ULTIMATE MEANING 81 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 85
METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:OBJECTIVITY 85 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 88
CURRENT CONTROVERSY 1.7 IS BUDDHISM PHILOSOPHY? 92 YES:BUDDHIST. THE
PHILOSOPHY OF BUDDHISM 93 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 97 NO: SPECIALIST. THE
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN RELIGION AND PHILOSOPHY 97 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 101
METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:DEFINITIONS 101 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 103
CONNECTIONS: TRANSCENDENTALIST OR NATURALIST? 107 114 115 CHAPTER 2.
LIBERTY, EQUALITY, AND JUSTICE 113 2.1 IS SOCIETY BASED ON A CONTRACT?
YES:CONTRACTOR. THE SOCIAL CONTRACT CRITICAL QUESTIONS 117 NO:
ORGANICIST. THE SOCIAL ORGANISM 117 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 121 METHODS AND
TECHNIQUES:MODELS 121 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 124 CONTENTS XI 2.2 IS
L1BERTY THE HIGHEST SOCIAL VALUE? 127 YES:LIBERTARIAN. LIBERTY, THE
SUPREME SOCIAL VALUE 128 CRITICALOUESTIONS 132 NO: PATERNALIST. EMPTY
PHRASES CRITICALOUESTIONS 136 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:GOALS
UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 133 136 137 2.3 IS EQUALITY THE HIGHEST SOCIAL
VALUE? 141 YES:EGALITARIAN. SOCIETY AND PROPERTY 141 CRITICAL
OUESTIONS 145 NO: ELITIST. WHAT ELITISTS BELIEVE 145 CRITICAL
OUESTIONS 149 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:MEANS AND ENDS 149 UNDERSTANDING
THE DILEMMA 150 2.4 IS CAPITALLSM JUST? 153 YES:CAPITALIST. CAPITALISM,
DEMOCRACY, AND JUSTICE 154 CRITICALOUESTIONS 158 NO: SOCIALIST.
CAPITALIST SOCIETY 158 CRITICALOUESTIONS 162 METHODS AND
TECHNIQUES:THINKING AND EMOTION 163 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 164 2.5
SHOULD WE ESTABLISH A WORLD GOVERNMENT? 168 YES:INTERNATIONALIST.
CHOOSING A PEACEFUL FUTURE 169 CRIUCALOUESUONS 173 NO: LOCALIST. THE
POLITICS OF WORLD GOVERNMENT 173 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 177 METHODS AND
TECHNIQUES:COMPARING 177 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 179 CURRENT
CONTROVERSY 2.6 IS RACE ESSENTIAL TO IDENTITY? 182 YES:ESSENTIALIST.
THE MEANING OF BEING BLACK 183 CRITICALOUESTIONS 187 NO:
NONESSENTIALIST. RACE AND IDENTITY 187 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 192 METHODS
AND TECHNIQUES:IDENTITY 193 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 194 CONNECTIONS:
INDIVIDUALIST OR RELATIONIST? 198 XII CONTENTS CHAPTER 3. HAPPINESS,
OBLIGATIONS, AND VALUES 205 3.1 IS PLEASURE THE ONLY VALUE? 206
YES:HEDONIST. HEDONISM 207 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 209 NO: PLURALIST. A
WORLD OF VALUES 210 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 215 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:FACTS
AND VALUES 215 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 217 3.2 CAN WE UNDERSTAND
HAPPINESS? 221 YES:DEFINER. HAPPINESS 222 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 224 NO:
SKEPTIC. THE ELUSIVE DREAM 225 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 227 METHODS AND
TECHNIQUES:ESSENTIAL PROPERTIES 227 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 229 3.3 IS
MORAUTY RELATIVE? 231 YES:RELATIVIST. MORAL RELATIVISM 232 CRITICAL
QUESTIONS 236 NO: ABSOLUTIST. RIGHT FOR YOU, WRONG FOR ME? 236
CRITICAL QUESTIONS 240 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:AD HOMINEM 240
UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 242 3.4 IS HAPPINESS THE STANDARD OF MORAUTY?
244 YES:UTILITARIAN. UTILITARIANISM 245 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 250 NO:
FORMALIST. THE PRINCIPLE OF MORALITY 251 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 255
METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:MORAL THEORIES 256 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 257
3.5 IS SOCIETY THE SOURCE OF VALUES? 260 YES:FUNCTIONALIST. AN
OBJECTIVE BASIS FOR MORALITY 261 CRIVCALQUESVONS 263 NO: MORAL THEIST.
THE CURRENT CRISIS AND ITS SOLUTION 263 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 266 METHODS
AND TECHNIQUES:NECESSARYCONDITIONS 266 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 267
CONTENTS XIII CURRENT CONTROVERSY 3.6 SHOULD DOCTORS EVER END PEOPLE S
L1VES? 270 NO: PROTECTOR. HAVING REASONSFOR MORAL DECISIONS 271
CRITICAL OUESTIONS 276 YES:EUTHANIZER. THE COMPLEX ISSUE OF EUTHANASIA
276 CRFTKALOUESUEONS 280 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:JUSTIFICATION 281
UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 283 CONNECTIONS: HUMANIST OR OBJECTIVIST? 287
CHAPTER4. FREEWILL, MIND, AND HUMANNATURE 293 4.1 ARE WE FREE? 294 NO:
HARD DETERMINIST. ONE WORLD, NOT TWO 294 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 297
YES:METAPHYSICAL LIBERTARIAN. FREE WILL AND COMMON SENSE 297 CRITICAL
OUESTIONS 299 YES:SOFT DETERMINIST. VERBAL DISPUTES, FACTS, AND FREE
WILL 300 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 303 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:INTROSPECTION
303 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 305 4.2 ARE WE RESPONSIBLE FOR OUR
ACTIONS? 308 NO: EXCUSER. REJECTING RESPONSIBILITY 309
CRITICALOUESTIONS 311 YES:JUDGE. NO EXCUSE 312 CRITKALOUESTIONS 315
METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:INFINITE REGRESS 315 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA
317 4.3 IS THE MIND NOTHING BUT THE BRAIN? 320 YES:MATERIALIST. BODY
AND SOUL 321 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 323 NO: DUALIST. THE INNER LIFE 324
CRITICAL OUESTIONS 326 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:POSSIBLE AND IMPOSSIBLE
327 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 328 XIV CONTENTS 4.4 CAN COMPUTERS THINK?
331 YES:MECHANIST. CAN COMPUTERS THINK? 332 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 335 NO:
MENTALIST. PEOPLE VS. MACHINES 336 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 339 METHODS AND
TECHNIQUES:ANALOGIES 339 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 340 4.5 ARE WE ALWAYS
SELFISH? 343 YES:PSYCHOLOGICAL EGOIST. NO FREE LUNCH 344
CRITICALOUESTIONS 346 NO: PSYCHOLOGICAL ALTRUIST. IS LOVE SELFISH? 347
CRITICAL OUESTIONS 349 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:GENERALIZATIONS 349
UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 351 4.6 DOES PERSONAL IDENTITY DEPEND ON
MEMORY? 354 YES:LOCKEAN. THE BINDING THREAD OF MEMORY 355 CRITICAL
OUESTIONS 359 NO: SARTREAN. THE ESSENTIAL SELF 359 CRITICAL OUESTIONS
364 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:FALSE DILEMMA 365 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA
368 CURRENT CONTROVERSY 4.7 ARE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN
PHILOSOPHICALLY SIGNIFICANT? 372 NO: UNIFIER. MEN, WOMEN, AND PEOPLE
373 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 377 YES:COMPLEMENTER. WHOS AFRAID OF
DIFFERENCE? 377 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 382 METHODS AND
TECHNIQUES:CLASSIFICATION 383 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 385 CONNECTIONS:
REDUCTIONIST OR SPIRITUALIST? 389 CHAPTER 5. KNOWLEDGE, SCIENCE, AND
TRUTH 397 5.1 CAN WE KNOW ABOUT THE EXTERNAL WORLD? 398 NO: INTERNALIST.
KNOWLEDGE OF THE EXTERNAL WORLD 399 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 401
YES:PERCEIVER. THE LIMITS OF IGNORANCE 402 CONTENTS XV CRITICAL
OUESTIONS 405 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:PHILOSOPHY AND IMAGINATION 405
UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 406 5.2 DOES SCIENCE GIVE US REAL KNOWLEDGE?
409 YES:POSITIVIST. SCIENCE AS KNOWLEDGE 410 CRITICALOUESTIONS 413 NO:
ROMANTIC. WHAT KIND OF UNDERSTANDING? 414 CRITICALOUESTIONS 416
METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:MAKING ASSUMPTIONS 416 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA
418 5.3 IS EXPERIENCE THE SOURCE OF ALL KNOWLEDGE? 421 YES:EMPIRICIST.
THE SOURCE OF KNOWLEDGE 422 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 425 NO: RATIONALIST.
THE STRANGE CASEOF THE MATHEMATICIAN 426 CRITICALOUESTIONS 429 METHODS
AND TECHNIQUES:ANALYSIS 430 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 431 5.4 IS
CERTAINTY THE STANDARD OF KNOWLEDGE? 434 YES:FOUNDATIONALIST.
CERTAINTY 435 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 440 NO: PRAGMATIST. THE TESTOF
KNOWLEDGE 440 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 444 METHOD~ AND TECHNIQUES:OBSERVATION
444 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 446 CURRENT CONTROVERSY 5.5 DOES TRUTH
EXIST? 449 YES:REPRESENTATIONALIST. TRUE BELIEFS AND FALSE BELIEFS 451
CRITICAL OUESTIONS 454 NO: POSTMODERNIST. TEN THESESON LANGUAGE 454
CRITICAL OUESTIONS 458 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:PROVING A NEGATIVE 458
UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 459 CONNECTIONS: INTUITIONIST OR EXTERNALIST?
463 APPENDIX: HOW TO WRITE AN ESSAY 469 GLOSSARY OF CONTRASTING
POSITIONS 485 INDEX 491
|
| adam_txt |
BRIEF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1. GOD, IMMORTALITY, AND FAITH 15 1.1 DOES GOD
EXIST? 16 1.2 IS GOD LIKE HUMAN BEINGS? 29 1.3 CAN GOD ALLOW INNOCENT
SUFFERING? 41 1.4 IS THE SOULIMMORTAL? 52 1.5 IS FAITH AN ANSWER? 62 1.6
IS BELIEVING IN GOD NECESSARY FOR A MEANINGFUL LIFE? 75 1.7 CURRENT
CONTROVERSY: IS BUDDHISM PHILOSOPHY? 92 CHAPTER 2. LIBERTY, EQUALITY,
AND JUSTICE 113 2.1 IS SOCIETY BASED ON A CONTRACT? 114 2.2 IS LIBERTY
THE HIGHEST SOCIAL VALUE? 127 2.3 IS EQUALITY THE HIGHEST SOCIAL VALUE?
141 2.4 IS CAPITALISM JUST? 153 2.5 SHOULD WE ESTABLISH A WORLD
GOVERNMENT? 168 2.6 CURRENT CONTROVERSY: IS RACEESSENTIAL TO IDENTITY?
182 CHAPTER 3. HAPPINESS, OBLIGATIONS, AND VALUES 205 3.1 IS PLEASURETHE
ONLY VALUE? 206 3.2 CAN WE UNDERSTAND HAPPINESS? 221 3.3 IS MORALITY
RELATIVE? 231 3.4 IS HAPPINESS THE STANDARD OF MORALITY? 244 3.5 IS
SOCIETY THE SOURCE OF VALUES? 260 3.6 CURRENT CONTROVERSY: SHOULD
DOCTORS EVER END PEOPLE'S LIVES? 270 CHAPTER 4. FREE WILL, MIND, AND
HUMAN NATURE 293 4.1 ARE WE FREE? 294 4.2 ARE WE RESPONSIBLE FOR OUR
ACTIONS? 308 4.3 IS THE MIND NOTHING BUT THE BRAIN? 320 4.4 CAN
COMPUTERS THINK? 331 4.5 ARE WE ALWAYS SELFISH? 343 4.6 DOES PERSONAL
IDENTITY DEPEND ON MEMORY? 354 4.7 CURRENT CONTROVERSY: ARE THE
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN PHILOSOPHICALLY SIGNIFICANT? 372 VII
VIII BRIEF CONTENTS CHAPTER 5. KNOWLEDGE, SEJENEE, AND TRUTH 397 5.1 CAN
WE KNOW ABOUT THE EXTEMAL WORLD? 398 5.2 DOES SEIENEE GIVE US REAL
KNOWLEDGE? 409 5.3 IS EXPERIENEE THE SOUREE OF ALL KNOWLEDGE? 421 5.4 IS
CERTAINTY THE STANDARD OF KNOWLEDGE? 434 5.5 CURRENT CONTROVERSY: DOES
TRUTH EXIST? 449 CONTENTS PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION XVI PREFACE XVII
HISTORICAL PARALLEIS XX INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1. GOD, IMMORTALITY, AND
FAITH 15 1.1 DOES GOD EXIST? 16 YES: CAUSAL THEIST. "IN THE BEGINNING"
16 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 18 YES: DESIGN THEIST. "DESIGN OR CHANCE?" 19
CRITICAL QUESTIONS 22 NO: ATHEIST. "THE RETREAT OF THE GODS" 22 CRITICAL
QUESTIONS 25 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES: ARGUMENTS 25 UNDERSTANDING THE
DILEMMA 26 1.2 IS GOD L1KE HUMAN BEINGS? 29 NO: ABSTRACTIONIST. "GOD IS
LOVE" 30 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 34 YES: PERSONALIST. "THE PROJECTION THEORY"
34 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 37 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES: MEANINGS OF WORDS 38
UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 39 1.3 CAN GOD ALLOW INNOCENT SUFFERING? 41
NO: CONTRADICTOR. "THERE IS NO GOD" 42 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 45 YES:
RECONCILER. "CHARACTER AND CONTENTMENT" 45 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 48 METHODS
AND TECHNIQUES: CONSISTENT BELIEFS 48 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 49 1.4
IS THE SOUL IMMORTAL? 52 NO: MORTALIST. "IMMORTALITY" 53 CRITICAL
QUESTIONS 55 YES: SURVIVOR. "FOR AND AGAINST AN AFTERLIFE" 55 CRITICAL
QUESTIONS 58 IX X CONTENTS METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:FACTS AND CONCEPTS 58
UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 60 1.5 IS FAITH AN ANSWER? 62 YES:BELIEVER.
"ACCEPTIFLG LIMITS" 63 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 67 NO: QUESTIONER. "FAITH AND
ITS CONSEQUENCES" 67 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 70 METHODS AND
TECHNIQUES:CONSEQUENCES 71 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 73 1.6 IS BELIEVING
IN GOD NECESSARY FOR A MEANINGFUL L1FE? 75 YES:MEANING THEIST. "THE
MEANING OF LIFE IS THE SUBMISSION TO GOD" 76 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 80 NO:
EXISTENTIALIST. "THE MYTH OF ULTIMATE MEANING" 81 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 85
METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:OBJECTIVITY 85 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 88
CURRENT CONTROVERSY 1.7 IS BUDDHISM PHILOSOPHY? 92 YES:BUDDHIST. "THE
PHILOSOPHY OF BUDDHISM" 93 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 97 NO: SPECIALIST. "THE
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN RELIGION AND PHILOSOPHY" 97 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 101
METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:DEFINITIONS 101 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 103
CONNECTIONS: TRANSCENDENTALIST OR NATURALIST? 107 114 115 CHAPTER 2.
LIBERTY, EQUALITY, AND JUSTICE 113 2.1 IS SOCIETY BASED ON A CONTRACT?
YES:CONTRACTOR. "THE SOCIAL CONTRACT" CRITICAL QUESTIONS 117 NO:
ORGANICIST. "THE SOCIAL ORGANISM" 117 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 121 METHODS AND
TECHNIQUES:MODELS 121 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 124 CONTENTS XI 2.2 IS
L1BERTY THE HIGHEST SOCIAL VALUE? 127 YES:LIBERTARIAN. "LIBERTY, THE
SUPREME SOCIAL VALUE" 128 CRITICALOUESTIONS 132 NO: PATERNALIST. "EMPTY
PHRASES" CRITICALOUESTIONS 136 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:GOALS
UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 133 136 137 2.3 IS EQUALITY THE HIGHEST SOCIAL
VALUE? 141 YES:EGALITARIAN. "SOCIETY AND PROPERTY" 141 CRITICAL
OUESTIONS 145 NO: ELITIST. "WHAT ELITISTS BELIEVE" 145 CRITICAL
OUESTIONS 149 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:MEANS AND ENDS 149 UNDERSTANDING
THE DILEMMA 150 2.4 IS CAPITALLSM JUST? 153 YES:CAPITALIST. "CAPITALISM,
DEMOCRACY, AND JUSTICE" 154 CRITICALOUESTIONS 158 NO: SOCIALIST.
"CAPITALIST SOCIETY" 158 CRITICALOUESTIONS 162 METHODS AND
TECHNIQUES:THINKING AND EMOTION 163 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 164 2.5
SHOULD WE ESTABLISH A WORLD GOVERNMENT? 168 YES:INTERNATIONALIST.
"CHOOSING A PEACEFUL FUTURE" 169 CRIUCALOUESUONS 173 NO: LOCALIST. "THE
POLITICS OF WORLD GOVERNMENT" 173 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 177 METHODS AND
TECHNIQUES:COMPARING 177 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 179 CURRENT
CONTROVERSY 2.6 IS RACE ESSENTIAL TO IDENTITY? 182 YES:ESSENTIALIST.
"THE MEANING OF BEING BLACK" 183 CRITICALOUESTIONS 187 NO:
NONESSENTIALIST. "RACE AND IDENTITY" 187 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 192 METHODS
AND TECHNIQUES:IDENTITY 193 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 194 CONNECTIONS:
INDIVIDUALIST OR RELATIONIST? 198 XII CONTENTS CHAPTER 3. HAPPINESS,
OBLIGATIONS, AND VALUES 205 3.1 IS PLEASURE THE ONLY VALUE? 206
YES:HEDONIST. "HEDONISM" 207 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 209 NO: PLURALIST. "A
WORLD OF VALUES" 210 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 215 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:FACTS
AND VALUES 215 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 217 3.2 CAN WE UNDERSTAND
HAPPINESS? 221 YES:DEFINER. "HAPPINESS" 222 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 224 NO:
SKEPTIC. "THE ELUSIVE DREAM" 225 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 227 METHODS AND
TECHNIQUES:ESSENTIAL PROPERTIES 227 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 229 3.3 IS
MORAUTY RELATIVE? 231 YES:RELATIVIST. "MORAL RELATIVISM" 232 CRITICAL
QUESTIONS 236 NO: ABSOLUTIST. "RIGHT FOR YOU, WRONG FOR ME?" 236
CRITICAL QUESTIONS 240 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:AD HOMINEM 240
UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 242 3.4 IS HAPPINESS THE STANDARD OF MORAUTY?
244 YES:UTILITARIAN. "UTILITARIANISM" 245 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 250 NO:
FORMALIST. "THE PRINCIPLE OF MORALITY" 251 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 255
METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:MORAL THEORIES 256 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 257
3.5 IS SOCIETY THE SOURCE OF VALUES? 260 YES:FUNCTIONALIST. "AN
OBJECTIVE BASIS FOR MORALITY" 261 CRIVCALQUESVONS 263 NO: MORAL THEIST.
"THE CURRENT CRISIS AND ITS SOLUTION" 263 CRITICAL QUESTIONS 266 METHODS
AND TECHNIQUES:NECESSARYCONDITIONS 266 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 267
CONTENTS XIII CURRENT CONTROVERSY 3.6 SHOULD DOCTORS EVER END PEOPLE'S
L1VES? 270 NO: PROTECTOR. "HAVING REASONSFOR MORAL DECISIONS" 271
CRITICAL OUESTIONS 276 YES:EUTHANIZER. 'THE COMPLEX ISSUE OF EUTHANASIA"
276 CRFTKALOUESUEONS 280 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:JUSTIFICATION 281
UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 283 CONNECTIONS: HUMANIST OR OBJECTIVIST? 287
CHAPTER4. FREEWILL, MIND, AND HUMANNATURE 293 4.1 ARE WE FREE? 294 NO:
HARD DETERMINIST. "ONE WORLD, NOT TWO" 294 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 297
YES:METAPHYSICAL LIBERTARIAN. "FREE WILL AND COMMON SENSE" 297 CRITICAL
OUESTIONS 299 YES:SOFT DETERMINIST. "VERBAL DISPUTES, FACTS, AND FREE
WILL" 300 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 303 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:INTROSPECTION
303 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 305 4.2 ARE WE RESPONSIBLE FOR OUR
ACTIONS? 308 NO: EXCUSER. "REJECTING RESPONSIBILITY" 309
CRITICALOUESTIONS 311 YES:JUDGE. "NO EXCUSE" 312 CRITKALOUESTIONS 315
METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:INFINITE REGRESS 315 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA
317 4.3 IS THE MIND NOTHING BUT THE BRAIN? 320 YES:MATERIALIST. "BODY
AND SOUL" 321 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 323 NO: DUALIST. "THE INNER LIFE" 324
CRITICAL OUESTIONS 326 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:POSSIBLE AND IMPOSSIBLE
327 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 328 XIV CONTENTS 4.4 CAN COMPUTERS THINK?
331 YES:MECHANIST. "CAN COMPUTERS THINK?" 332 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 335 NO:
MENTALIST. "PEOPLE VS. MACHINES" 336 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 339 METHODS AND
TECHNIQUES:ANALOGIES 339 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 340 4.5 ARE WE ALWAYS
SELFISH? 343 YES:PSYCHOLOGICAL EGOIST. "NO FREE LUNCH" 344
CRITICALOUESTIONS 346 NO: PSYCHOLOGICAL ALTRUIST. "IS LOVE SELFISH?" 347
CRITICAL OUESTIONS 349 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:GENERALIZATIONS 349
UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 351 4.6 DOES PERSONAL IDENTITY DEPEND ON
MEMORY? 354 YES:LOCKEAN. "THE BINDING THREAD OF MEMORY" 355 CRITICAL
OUESTIONS 359 NO: SARTREAN. "THE ESSENTIAL SELF" 359 CRITICAL OUESTIONS
364 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:FALSE DILEMMA 365 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA
368 CURRENT CONTROVERSY 4.7 ARE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN
PHILOSOPHICALLY SIGNIFICANT? 372 NO: UNIFIER. "MEN, WOMEN, AND PEOPLE"
373 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 377 YES:COMPLEMENTER. "WHOS AFRAID OF
DIFFERENCE?" 377 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 382 METHODS AND
TECHNIQUES:CLASSIFICATION 383 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 385 CONNECTIONS:
REDUCTIONIST OR SPIRITUALIST? 389 CHAPTER 5. KNOWLEDGE, SCIENCE, AND
TRUTH 397 5.1 CAN WE KNOW ABOUT THE EXTERNAL WORLD? 398 NO: INTERNALIST.
"KNOWLEDGE OF THE EXTERNAL WORLD" 399 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 401
YES:PERCEIVER. "THE LIMITS OF IGNORANCE" 402 CONTENTS XV CRITICAL
OUESTIONS 405 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:PHILOSOPHY AND IMAGINATION 405
UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 406 5.2 DOES SCIENCE GIVE US REAL KNOWLEDGE?
409 YES:POSITIVIST. "SCIENCE AS KNOWLEDGE" 410 CRITICALOUESTIONS 413 NO:
ROMANTIC. "WHAT KIND OF UNDERSTANDING?" 414 CRITICALOUESTIONS 416
METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:MAKING ASSUMPTIONS 416 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA
418 5.3 IS EXPERIENCE THE SOURCE OF ALL KNOWLEDGE? 421 YES:EMPIRICIST.
"THE SOURCE OF KNOWLEDGE" 422 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 425 NO: RATIONALIST.
'THE STRANGE CASEOF THE MATHEMATICIAN" 426 CRITICALOUESTIONS 429 METHODS
AND TECHNIQUES:ANALYSIS 430 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 431 5.4 IS
CERTAINTY THE STANDARD OF KNOWLEDGE? 434 YES:FOUNDATIONALIST.
"CERTAINTY" 435 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 440 NO: PRAGMATIST. "THE TESTOF
KNOWLEDGE" 440 CRITICAL OUESTIONS 444 METHOD~ AND TECHNIQUES:OBSERVATION
444 UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 446 CURRENT CONTROVERSY 5.5 DOES TRUTH
EXIST? 449 YES:REPRESENTATIONALIST. "TRUE BELIEFS AND FALSE BELIEFS" 451
CRITICAL OUESTIONS 454 NO: POSTMODERNIST. "TEN THESESON LANGUAGE" 454
CRITICAL OUESTIONS 458 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:PROVING A NEGATIVE 458
UNDERSTANDING THE DILEMMA 459 CONNECTIONS: INTUITIONIST OR EXTERNALIST?
463 APPENDIX: HOW TO WRITE AN ESSAY 469 GLOSSARY OF CONTRASTING
POSITIONS 485 INDEX 491 |
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| id | DE-604.BV023378664 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T21:15:31Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:17:15Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780195314649 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 2007037564 |
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| spelling | Washburn, Phil Verfasser aut Philosophical dilemmas a pro and con introduction to the major questions Phil Washburn 3. ed. New York [u.a.] Oxford Univ. Press 2008 XXIII, 500 S. 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Philosophie Philosophy Introductions Philosophie (DE-588)4045791-6 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4151278-9 Einführung gnd-content Philosophie (DE-588)4045791-6 s DE-604 V:DE-604 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016561798&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Washburn, Phil Philosophical dilemmas a pro and con introduction to the major questions Philosophie Philosophy Introductions Philosophie (DE-588)4045791-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4045791-6 (DE-588)4151278-9 |
| title | Philosophical dilemmas a pro and con introduction to the major questions |
| title_auth | Philosophical dilemmas a pro and con introduction to the major questions |
| title_exact_search | Philosophical dilemmas a pro and con introduction to the major questions |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Philosophical dilemmas a pro and con introduction to the major questions |
| title_full | Philosophical dilemmas a pro and con introduction to the major questions Phil Washburn |
| title_fullStr | Philosophical dilemmas a pro and con introduction to the major questions Phil Washburn |
| title_full_unstemmed | Philosophical dilemmas a pro and con introduction to the major questions Phil Washburn |
| title_short | Philosophical dilemmas |
| title_sort | philosophical dilemmas a pro and con introduction to the major questions |
| title_sub | a pro and con introduction to the major questions |
| topic | Philosophie Philosophy Introductions Philosophie (DE-588)4045791-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Philosophie Philosophy Introductions Einführung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016561798&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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