Improving access to HIV/AIDS medicines in Africa: Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) flexibilities utilization
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Washington, DC
World Bank
2008
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Directions in development: Human development
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 65 S. |
| ISBN: | 9780821375440 082137544X |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804137738501357568 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Improving access to HIV AIDS medicines in Africa
Autor: Osewe, Patrick L.
Jahr: 2008
Contents
Acknowledgments vii
Abbreviations and Acronyms be
Overview xi
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
The International Debate on TRIPS Flexibility 2
Scope and Methodology of the Study 5
Notes 6
Chapter 2 Overview of the TRIPS Agreement and Flexibilities 9
Implementation of the TRIPS Flexibilities 10
Exemptions from Patentability 12
Transition Periods 13
Compulsory Licensing and the Regional
Trade Option 15
Exhaustion of Rights and Parallel Importation 20
Limits on Test Data Protection 21
Bolar Exception 22
Implementation Challenges 22
Notes 25
vi Contents
Chapter 3 Local Production: Experiences in Four
African Countries
Zimbabwe: Varichem
Kenya: Cosmos
South Africa: Aspen
Ghana: Danadams
Local Production of ARVs in Perspective
Notes
Chapter 4 Conclusions and Recommendations
Conclusions
Recommendations
27
29
32
35
39
42
44
47
47
49
Appendix A HTV/AIDS Medicines under Patent in
Sub-Saharan Africa
Appendix B List of Persons Interviewed
Bibliography
51
53
57
Figures
3.1 Percentage of ARVs Purchased by Government of
Ghana from Danadams and Other Firms 2005
3.2 Comparison of Prices for Local and Imported
Generic ARVs in Ghana, 2005
41
42
Tables
2.1 TRIPS Flexibilities That Facilitate Protection of
Public Health
3.1 Key Socioeconomic Indicators
3.2 Varichem s ARV Production Line
3.3 Cosmos s ARV Production Line
3.4 Supply of ARVs to the South Africa Department
of Health
3.5 Danadams s ARV Production Line
11
28
30
34
38
40
|
| adam_txt |
Titel: Improving access to HIV AIDS medicines in Africa
Autor: Osewe, Patrick L.
Jahr: 2008
Contents
Acknowledgments vii
Abbreviations and Acronyms be
Overview xi
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
The International Debate on TRIPS Flexibility 2
Scope and Methodology of the Study 5
Notes 6
Chapter 2 Overview of the TRIPS Agreement and Flexibilities 9
Implementation of the TRIPS Flexibilities 10
Exemptions from Patentability 12
Transition Periods 13
Compulsory Licensing and the Regional
Trade Option 15
Exhaustion of Rights and Parallel Importation 20
Limits on Test Data Protection 21
Bolar Exception 22
Implementation Challenges 22
Notes 25
vi Contents
Chapter 3 Local Production: Experiences in Four
African Countries
Zimbabwe: Varichem
Kenya: Cosmos
South Africa: Aspen
Ghana: Danadams
Local Production of ARVs in Perspective
Notes
Chapter 4 Conclusions and Recommendations
Conclusions
Recommendations
27
29
32
35
39
42
44
47
47
49
Appendix A HTV/AIDS Medicines under Patent in
Sub-Saharan Africa
Appendix B List of Persons Interviewed
Bibliography
51
53
57
Figures
3.1 Percentage of ARVs Purchased by Government of
Ghana from Danadams and Other Firms 2005
3.2 Comparison of Prices for Local and Imported
Generic ARVs in Ghana, 2005
41
42
Tables
2.1 TRIPS Flexibilities That Facilitate Protection of
Public Health
3.1 Key Socioeconomic Indicators
3.2 Varichem's ARV Production Line
3.3 Cosmos's ARV Production Line
3.4 Supply of ARVs to the South Africa Department
of Health
3.5 Danadams's ARV Production Line
11
28
30
34
38
40 |
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| spelling | Lumumba Osewe, Patrick Verfasser aut Improving access to HIV/AIDS medicines in Africa Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) flexibilities utilization Patrick Lumumba Osewe ; Yvonne Korkoi Nkrumah ; Emmanuel Sackey Washington, DC World Bank 2008 XV, 65 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Directions in development: Human development Übereinkommen über handelsbezogene Aspekte der Rechte an geistigem Eigentum 1994 April 15 (DE-588)4450013-0 gnd rswk-swf Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights / (1994) Antiretroviral agents / Africa, Sub-Saharan Antiretroviral agents / Africa, Sub-Saharan / Patents Anti-HIV Agents / supply & distribution / Africa South of the Sahara Drug Industry / Africa South of the Sahara Health Services Accessibility / Africa South of the Sahara Patents as Topic / legislation & jurisprudence / Africa South of the Sahara Bekämpfung (DE-588)4112701-8 gnd rswk-swf Aids (DE-588)4112470-4 gnd rswk-swf Arzneimittelversorgung (DE-588)4140783-0 gnd rswk-swf Afrika (DE-588)4000695-5 gnd rswk-swf Afrika (DE-588)4000695-5 g Übereinkommen über handelsbezogene Aspekte der Rechte an geistigem Eigentum 1994 April 15 (DE-588)4450013-0 u Aids (DE-588)4112470-4 s Bekämpfung (DE-588)4112701-8 s Arzneimittelversorgung (DE-588)4140783-0 s DE-604 Nkrumah, Yvonne K. Verfasser aut Sackey, Emmanuel Verfasser aut HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016554190&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Lumumba Osewe, Patrick Nkrumah, Yvonne K. Sackey, Emmanuel Improving access to HIV/AIDS medicines in Africa Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) flexibilities utilization Übereinkommen über handelsbezogene Aspekte der Rechte an geistigem Eigentum 1994 April 15 (DE-588)4450013-0 gnd Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights / (1994) Antiretroviral agents / Africa, Sub-Saharan Antiretroviral agents / Africa, Sub-Saharan / Patents Anti-HIV Agents / supply & distribution / Africa South of the Sahara Drug Industry / Africa South of the Sahara Health Services Accessibility / Africa South of the Sahara Patents as Topic / legislation & jurisprudence / Africa South of the Sahara Bekämpfung (DE-588)4112701-8 gnd Aids (DE-588)4112470-4 gnd Arzneimittelversorgung (DE-588)4140783-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4450013-0 (DE-588)4112701-8 (DE-588)4112470-4 (DE-588)4140783-0 (DE-588)4000695-5 |
| title | Improving access to HIV/AIDS medicines in Africa Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) flexibilities utilization |
| title_auth | Improving access to HIV/AIDS medicines in Africa Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) flexibilities utilization |
| title_exact_search | Improving access to HIV/AIDS medicines in Africa Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) flexibilities utilization |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Improving access to HIV/AIDS medicines in Africa Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) flexibilities utilization |
| title_full | Improving access to HIV/AIDS medicines in Africa Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) flexibilities utilization Patrick Lumumba Osewe ; Yvonne Korkoi Nkrumah ; Emmanuel Sackey |
| title_fullStr | Improving access to HIV/AIDS medicines in Africa Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) flexibilities utilization Patrick Lumumba Osewe ; Yvonne Korkoi Nkrumah ; Emmanuel Sackey |
| title_full_unstemmed | Improving access to HIV/AIDS medicines in Africa Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) flexibilities utilization Patrick Lumumba Osewe ; Yvonne Korkoi Nkrumah ; Emmanuel Sackey |
| title_short | Improving access to HIV/AIDS medicines in Africa |
| title_sort | improving access to hiv aids medicines in africa trade related aspects of intellectual property rights trips flexibilities utilization |
| title_sub | Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) flexibilities utilization |
| topic | Übereinkommen über handelsbezogene Aspekte der Rechte an geistigem Eigentum 1994 April 15 (DE-588)4450013-0 gnd Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights / (1994) Antiretroviral agents / Africa, Sub-Saharan Antiretroviral agents / Africa, Sub-Saharan / Patents Anti-HIV Agents / supply & distribution / Africa South of the Sahara Drug Industry / Africa South of the Sahara Health Services Accessibility / Africa South of the Sahara Patents as Topic / legislation & jurisprudence / Africa South of the Sahara Bekämpfung (DE-588)4112701-8 gnd Aids (DE-588)4112470-4 gnd Arzneimittelversorgung (DE-588)4140783-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Übereinkommen über handelsbezogene Aspekte der Rechte an geistigem Eigentum 1994 April 15 Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights / (1994) Antiretroviral agents / Africa, Sub-Saharan Antiretroviral agents / Africa, Sub-Saharan / Patents Anti-HIV Agents / supply & distribution / Africa South of the Sahara Drug Industry / Africa South of the Sahara Health Services Accessibility / Africa South of the Sahara Patents as Topic / legislation & jurisprudence / Africa South of the Sahara Bekämpfung Aids Arzneimittelversorgung Afrika |
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