Tourism impacts, planning and management:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Amsterdam [u.a.]
Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann
2008
|
| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XXIV, 289 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780750684927 |
Internformat
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| 100 | 1 | |a Mason, Peter |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Tourism impacts, planning and management |c Peter Mason |
| 250 | |a 2. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Amsterdam [u.a.] |b Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann |c 2008 | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804137617820745728 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
List of figures ix
List of photos xiii
List of tables xv
List of abbreviations xvii
Preface to the Second Edition xix
Acknowledgements: Second Edition xxi
Introduction xxiii
Part One Tourism Growth, Development and Impacts 1
Chapter 1 Social change and the growth of tourism 3
Introduction 4
Key perspectives 5
Summary 21
Student activities 22
Chapter 2 Theoretical perspectives on tourism development 24
Introduction 25
Key perspectives 25
Summary 33
Student activities 34
Chapter 3 An introduction to tourism impacts 35
Introduction 36
Key perspectives 36
Summary 42
Student activities 43
Chapter 4 The economic impacts of tourism 44
Introduction 45
Key perspectives 45
Summary 54
Student activities 55
VI
CONTENTS
Chapter 5 The socio-cultural impacts of tourism
Introduction
Key perspectives
Summary
Student activities
Chapter 6 Environmental impacts of tourism
Introduction
Key perspectives
Summary
Student activities
Conclusions to part one
56
57
57
67
68
69
70
70
81
82
83
Part Two Tourism Planning and Management: Concepts,
Issues and Players 85
Chapter 7 Tourism planning and management: Concepts
and issues 87
Introduction 88
Key perspectives 88
Summary HO
Student activities 111
Chapter 8 The key players in tourism planning and management 112
Introduction 113
Key perspectives 113
Summary 133
Student activities 134
Chapter 9 Visitor management 135
Introduction 136
Key perspectives 136
Summary 149
Student activities 150
Chapter 10 Managing the natural resources for tourism 151
Introduction 152
Key perspectives 152
CONTENTS Vii
Summary 163
Student activities 164
Chapter 11 Tourism planning and management and the host
community 165
Introduction 166
Key perspectives 166
Summary 176
Student activities 176
Chapter 12 Tourism planning and management and the tourism
industry 177
Introduction 178
Key perspectives 178
Summary 189
Student activities 189
Chapter 13 Partnerships and collaboration in tourism 191
Introduction 192
Key perspectives 192
Summary 200
Student activities 202
Part Three Tools and Techniques in Tourism Planning and
Management 207
Chapter 14 Education as a technique in tourism planning
and management 209
Introduction 210
Key perspectives 210
Summary 219
Student activities 219
Chapter 15 Self-regulation as a technique in tourism planning
and management 222
Introduction 223
Key perspectives 223
Summary 232
Student activities 233
viii CONTENTS
Chapter 16 Information technology and tourism planning
and management 234
Introduction 235
Key perspectives 235
Summary 240
Student activities 240
Part Four The Future of Tourism Planning and Management 241
Chapter 17 Tourism planning and management and
sustainability 243
Introduction 244
Key perspectives 244
Summary 259
Student activities 260
Chapter 18 Conclusions and the future of tourism planning
and management 261
Influences on the future of tourism 262
Student activities 271
References 273
Index 285
List of figures
Figure 1.1 A classification of travellers and tourists (adapted
from Brent Ritchie and Goeldner, 1994) 11
Figure 1.2 A summary of sectors of the tourism industry
(adapted from Lavery, 1987) 12
Figure 1.3 The main sectors of the tourism industry
(adapted from Middleton, 1994) 13
Figure 1.4 The tourism system: a spatial construct
(adapted from Lei per, 1990) 14
Figure 1.5 The tourism environment (adapted from Prosser, 1998) 15
Figure 1.6 Some important dates in the growth of tourism in
the United Kingdom (adapted from Mason, 1990) 22
Figure 2.1 Doxey s Irritation Index 29
Figure 2.2 The resort cycle of evolution (adapted from Butler, 1980) 30
Figure 2.3 Stages of resort development and associated features 31
Figure 4.1 The multiplier: effects of tourist spend in a hotel in
South West England (Source: Mason, 1995) 54
Figure 5.1 Tourism and international understanding
(adapted from Hunziken, 1961) 60
Figure 5.2 The glasses of prejudice (adapted from Krippendorf, 1987) 61
Figure 6.1 The scope of the concept of environment {Source:
Swarbrooke, 1999) 71
IX
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 6.2 Balance sheet of environmental impacts
of tourism (adapted from Hunter and Green, 1995) 75
Figure 6.3 Key principles of EIA (adapted from Hunter
and Green, 1995) 78
Figure 7.1 The process of planning in tourism showing
stages and related questions 97
Figure 7.2 Resource constraints and market forces - tourism
management controls and influences at destinations
(based on Pearce, 1989; Middleton, 1994) 107
Figure 7.3 The triangle of three major components in tourism
management (adapted from ETB, 1991) 108
Figure 8.1 Responsibilities of the tourist (Source:
Swarbrooke, 1999) 115
Figure 8.2 The rights of tourists and the responsibilities of the
host community, government agencies and the
tourism industry (Source: Swarbrooke, 1999) 116
Figure 8.3 Agenda 21 for the travel and tourism industry
(Source: Press release of February 1997 issued by
WTTC/WTO/Earth Council) 126
Figure 10.1 Hierarchies of terms relating to ecotourism
(Source: Mowforth, 1992) 159
Figure 10.2 A classification of ecotourists (Source: Mowforth, 1992) 160
Figure 11.1 Pretty s typology of participation (Source: Pretty, 1995) 168
Figure 11.2 Local participation in nature-based tourism:
Drake s (1991) nine-phase model 174
Figure 13.1 Potential benefits of collaboration and partnerships in
tourism planning (Source: Bramwell and Lane, 2000) 194
LIST OF FIGURES xi
Figure 13.2 Potential problems of collaboration and partnerships in
tourism planning (Source: Bramwell and Lane, 2000) 195
Figure 13.3 Five types of linkage between a tourism company
and the local economy from the PPT pilot projects 200
Figure 13.4 Key challenges to a PPT Partnership (adapted from
Ashley eta/., 2005) 201
Figure 13.5 Benefits that can be derived by businesses from
the type of partnerships in the PPT pilot projects
(adapted from Ashley et al., 2005) 202
Figure 13.6 The processes involved in the WWF Arctic Tourism Project
(adapted from Mason et al., 2000a) 203
Figure 15.1 The Country Code 227
Figure 15.2 Tourismus mit Einsicht code for the travel business 228
Figure 15.3 Checklist for the ministry of tourism (Boo, 1990) 229
Figure 15.4 Key elements of codes of conduct in tourism
(Source: Mason and Mowforth, 1995) 230
Figure 17.1 Differences in views of development between the
dominant world-view and deep ecology
(adapted from Bartelmus, 1994) 245
Figure 17.2 Instruments for more sustainable tourism (adapted
from UNEP/WTO, 2005) 251
Figure 17.3 Recreation and tourism planning approaches in
the Manawatu 253
Figure 17.4 Minimalist and comprehensive tourism ideal types
(adapted from Weaver, 2006) 255
Figure 17.5 Basic concepts of chaos and complexity and
corresponding examples in tourism (adapted from
Faulkner and Russell, 1997) 258
List of photos
Photo 1 Ayers Rock: a symbol for modern Australia? 21
Photo 2 The Santa Claus Village, Rovaniemi, Finland, which has
been specifically located on the Arctic Circle.
Courtesy: Petteri Lampi. Copyright © Rovaniemi Region 51
Photo 3 The Lido, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Swimming
pools are usually designated as part of the remit of
planning in leisure. They tend to be in public ownership
and serve a local market. However, they also cater for
tourists and may be in private ownership. This indicates
just one of the problems of planning for the leisure/
tourism field 102
Photo 4 Road rage at The Eden Project, Cornwall. Police
carrying out an arrest for dangerous driving at the
Eden Project at Easter 2001 140
Photo 5 The Eden Project in Cornwall. The attraction opened in
early 2001. During the Easter week of 2001, visitor
numbers exceeded the planned maximum day targets by
more than double. This caused huge traffic jams and
contributed to the incident shown in the accompanying
photograph 141
Photo 6 Prehistoric Avebury is a WHS in the care of the NT 148
Photo 7 Parking at Stonehenge (and nearby Avebury) is a
major visotor management issue 148
Photo 8 The isolated Pohangina Valley, New Zealand, setting
for the controversial planned tourism development 170
XIII
Xiv LIST OF PHOTOS
Photo 9 The cafe/bar in the Pohangina Valley which was the
focus of much controversy prior to development in 1997 171
Photo 10 Interpretation can take a variety of forms. Here it is on a
sign at the Citadel in Halifax, Nova Scotia in Canada 211
Photo 11 The Acropolis in Athens is one of the most visited
attractions in the world 214
Photo 12 A tour guide at work on the steps leading to the
Parthenon on the Acropolis in Athens 214
Photo 13 Zoos can convey their messages in a variety of ways.
Here at Chester Zoo, UK is a sign that is
species specific. Courtesy: Zoe McAndrews 216
Photo 14 This sign at Chester Zoo, UK is not species specific, but is
communicating a wider message on the importance
of ecosystems. Courtesy: Zoe McAndrews 216
List of tables
Table 12.1 Practices of sustainable tourism currently adopted 182
Table 12.2 Perceived obstacles to adopting practices of
sustainable tourism 183
Table 12.3 Perceived priorities for action 184
xv
|
| adam_txt |
Contents
List of figures ix
List of photos xiii
List of tables xv
List of abbreviations xvii
Preface to the Second Edition xix
Acknowledgements: Second Edition xxi
Introduction xxiii
Part One Tourism Growth, Development and Impacts 1
Chapter 1 Social change and the growth of tourism 3
Introduction 4
Key perspectives 5
Summary 21
Student activities 22
Chapter 2 Theoretical perspectives on tourism development 24
Introduction 25
Key perspectives 25
Summary 33
Student activities 34
Chapter 3 An introduction to tourism impacts 35
Introduction 36
Key perspectives 36
Summary 42
Student activities 43
Chapter 4 The economic impacts of tourism 44
Introduction 45
Key perspectives 45
Summary 54
Student activities 55
VI
CONTENTS
Chapter 5 The socio-cultural impacts of tourism
Introduction
Key perspectives
Summary
Student activities
Chapter 6 Environmental impacts of tourism
Introduction
Key perspectives
Summary
Student activities
Conclusions to part one
56
57
57
67
68
69
70
70
81
82
83
Part Two Tourism Planning and Management: Concepts,
Issues and Players 85
Chapter 7 Tourism planning and management: Concepts
and issues 87
Introduction 88
Key perspectives 88
Summary HO
Student activities 111
Chapter 8 The key players in tourism planning and management 112
Introduction 113
Key perspectives 113
Summary 133
Student activities 134
Chapter 9 Visitor management 135
Introduction 136
Key perspectives 136
Summary 149
Student activities 150
Chapter 10 Managing the natural resources for tourism 151
Introduction 152
Key perspectives 152
CONTENTS Vii
Summary 163
Student activities 164
Chapter 11 Tourism planning and management and the host
community 165
Introduction 166
Key perspectives 166
Summary 176
Student activities 176
Chapter 12 Tourism planning and management and the tourism
industry 177
Introduction 178
Key perspectives 178
Summary 189
Student activities 189
Chapter 13 Partnerships and collaboration in tourism 191
Introduction 192
Key perspectives 192
Summary 200
Student activities 202
Part Three Tools and Techniques in Tourism Planning and
Management 207
Chapter 14 Education as a technique in tourism planning
and management 209
Introduction 210
Key perspectives 210
Summary 219
Student activities 219
Chapter 15 Self-regulation as a technique in tourism planning
and management 222
Introduction 223
Key perspectives 223
Summary 232
Student activities 233
viii CONTENTS
Chapter 16 Information technology and tourism planning
and management 234
Introduction 235
Key perspectives 235
Summary 240
Student activities 240
Part Four The Future of Tourism Planning and Management 241
Chapter 17 Tourism planning and management and
sustainability 243
Introduction 244
Key perspectives 244
Summary 259
Student activities 260
Chapter 18 Conclusions and the future of tourism planning
and management 261
Influences on the future of tourism 262
Student activities 271
References 273
Index 285
List of figures
Figure 1.1 A classification of travellers and tourists (adapted
from Brent Ritchie and Goeldner, 1994) 11
Figure 1.2 A summary of sectors of the tourism industry
(adapted from Lavery, 1987) 12
Figure 1.3 The main sectors of the tourism industry
(adapted from Middleton, 1994) 13
Figure 1.4 The tourism system: a spatial construct
(adapted from Lei per, 1990) 14
Figure 1.5 The tourism environment (adapted from Prosser, 1998) 15
Figure 1.6 Some important dates in the growth of tourism in
the United Kingdom (adapted from Mason, 1990) 22
Figure 2.1 Doxey's Irritation Index 29
Figure 2.2 The resort cycle of evolution (adapted from Butler, 1980) 30
Figure 2.3 Stages of resort development and associated features 31
Figure 4.1 The multiplier: effects of tourist spend in a hotel in
South West England (Source: Mason, 1995) 54
Figure 5.1 Tourism and international understanding
(adapted from Hunziken, 1961) 60
Figure 5.2 The glasses of prejudice (adapted from Krippendorf, 1987) 61
Figure 6.1 The scope of the concept of environment {Source:
Swarbrooke, 1999) 71
IX
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 6.2 'Balance sheet' of environmental impacts
of tourism (adapted from Hunter and Green, 1995) 75
Figure 6.3 Key principles of EIA (adapted from Hunter
and Green, 1995) 78
Figure 7.1 The process of planning in tourism showing
stages and related questions 97
Figure 7.2 Resource constraints and market forces - tourism
management controls and influences at destinations
(based on Pearce, 1989; Middleton, 1994) 107
Figure 7.3 The triangle of three major components in tourism
management (adapted from ETB, 1991) 108
Figure 8.1 Responsibilities of the tourist (Source:
Swarbrooke, 1999) 115
Figure 8.2 The rights of tourists and the responsibilities of the
host community, government agencies and the
tourism industry (Source: Swarbrooke, 1999) 116
Figure 8.3 Agenda 21 for the travel and tourism industry
(Source: Press release of February 1997 issued by
WTTC/WTO/Earth Council) 126
Figure 10.1 Hierarchies of terms relating to ecotourism
(Source: Mowforth, 1992) 159
Figure 10.2 A classification of ecotourists (Source: Mowforth, 1992) 160
Figure 11.1 Pretty's typology of participation (Source: Pretty, 1995) 168
Figure 11.2 Local participation in nature-based tourism:
Drake's (1991) nine-phase model 174
Figure 13.1 Potential benefits of collaboration and partnerships in
tourism planning (Source: Bramwell and Lane, 2000) 194
LIST OF FIGURES xi
Figure 13.2 Potential problems of collaboration and partnerships in
tourism planning (Source: Bramwell and Lane, 2000) 195
Figure 13.3 Five types of linkage between a tourism company
and the local economy from the PPT pilot projects 200
Figure 13.4 Key challenges to a PPT Partnership (adapted from
Ashley eta/., 2005) 201
Figure 13.5 Benefits that can be derived by businesses from
the type of partnerships in the PPT pilot projects
(adapted from Ashley et al., 2005) 202
Figure 13.6 The processes involved in the WWF Arctic Tourism Project
(adapted from Mason et al., 2000a) 203
Figure 15.1 The Country Code 227
Figure 15.2 Tourismus mit Einsicht code for the travel business 228
Figure 15.3 Checklist for the ministry of tourism (Boo, 1990) 229
Figure 15.4 Key elements of codes of conduct in tourism
(Source: Mason and Mowforth, 1995) 230
Figure 17.1 Differences in views of development between the
'dominant world-view' and 'deep ecology'
(adapted from Bartelmus, 1994) 245
Figure 17.2 Instruments for more sustainable tourism (adapted
from UNEP/WTO, 2005) 251
Figure 17.3 Recreation and tourism planning approaches in
the Manawatu 253
Figure 17.4 Minimalist and comprehensive tourism ideal types
(adapted from Weaver, 2006) 255
Figure 17.5 Basic concepts of chaos and complexity and
corresponding examples in tourism (adapted from
Faulkner and Russell, 1997) 258
List of photos
Photo 1 Ayers Rock: a symbol for modern Australia? 21
Photo 2 The Santa Claus Village, Rovaniemi, Finland, which has
been specifically located on the Arctic Circle.
Courtesy: Petteri Lampi. Copyright © Rovaniemi Region 51
Photo 3 The Lido, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Swimming
pools are usually designated as part of the remit of
planning in leisure. They tend to be in public ownership
and serve a local market. However, they also cater for
tourists and may be in private ownership. This indicates
just one of the problems of planning for the leisure/
tourism field 102
Photo 4 Road rage at The Eden Project, Cornwall. Police
carrying out an arrest for dangerous driving at the
Eden Project at Easter 2001 140
Photo 5 The Eden Project in Cornwall. The attraction opened in
early 2001. During the Easter week of 2001, visitor
numbers exceeded the planned maximum day targets by
more than double. This caused huge traffic jams and
contributed to the incident shown in the accompanying
photograph 141
Photo 6 Prehistoric Avebury is a WHS in the care of the NT 148
Photo 7 Parking at Stonehenge (and nearby Avebury) is a
major visotor management issue 148
Photo 8 The isolated Pohangina Valley, New Zealand, setting
for the controversial planned tourism development 170
XIII
Xiv LIST OF PHOTOS
Photo 9 The cafe/bar in the Pohangina Valley which was the
focus of much controversy prior to development in 1997 171
Photo 10 Interpretation can take a variety of forms. Here it is on a
sign at the Citadel in Halifax, Nova Scotia in Canada 211
Photo 11 The Acropolis in Athens is one of the most visited
attractions in the world 214
Photo 12 A tour guide at work on the steps leading to the
Parthenon on the Acropolis in Athens 214
Photo 13 Zoos can convey their messages in a variety of ways.
Here at Chester Zoo, UK is a sign that is
species specific. Courtesy: Zoe McAndrews 216
Photo 14 This sign at Chester Zoo, UK is not species specific, but is
communicating a wider message on the importance
of ecosystems. Courtesy: Zoe McAndrews 216
List of tables
Table 12.1 Practices of sustainable tourism currently adopted 182
Table 12.2 Perceived obstacles to adopting practices of
sustainable tourism 183
Table 12.3 Perceived priorities for action 184
xv |
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| id | DE-604.BV023293299 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T20:43:56Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:15:09Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780750684927 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016477875 |
| oclc_num | 182656713 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-1050 DE-634 DE-92 DE-824 DE-188 |
| owner_facet | DE-1050 DE-634 DE-92 DE-824 DE-188 |
| physical | XXIV, 289 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSearch | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Mason, Peter Verfasser aut Tourism impacts, planning and management Peter Mason 2. ed. Amsterdam [u.a.] Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann 2008 XXIV, 289 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Tourism Management Tourismusindustrie (DE-588)4466880-6 gnd rswk-swf Fremdenverkehrsplanung (DE-588)4155367-6 gnd rswk-swf Tourismus (DE-588)4018406-7 gnd rswk-swf Management (DE-588)4037278-9 gnd rswk-swf Planung (DE-588)4046235-3 gnd rswk-swf Tourismus (DE-588)4018406-7 s Management (DE-588)4037278-9 s DE-604 Planung (DE-588)4046235-3 s Fremdenverkehrsplanung (DE-588)4155367-6 s DE-188 Tourismusindustrie (DE-588)4466880-6 s 1\p DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016477875&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Mason, Peter Tourism impacts, planning and management Tourism Management Tourismusindustrie (DE-588)4466880-6 gnd Fremdenverkehrsplanung (DE-588)4155367-6 gnd Tourismus (DE-588)4018406-7 gnd Management (DE-588)4037278-9 gnd Planung (DE-588)4046235-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4466880-6 (DE-588)4155367-6 (DE-588)4018406-7 (DE-588)4037278-9 (DE-588)4046235-3 |
| title | Tourism impacts, planning and management |
| title_auth | Tourism impacts, planning and management |
| title_exact_search | Tourism impacts, planning and management |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Tourism impacts, planning and management |
| title_full | Tourism impacts, planning and management Peter Mason |
| title_fullStr | Tourism impacts, planning and management Peter Mason |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tourism impacts, planning and management Peter Mason |
| title_short | Tourism impacts, planning and management |
| title_sort | tourism impacts planning and management |
| topic | Tourism Management Tourismusindustrie (DE-588)4466880-6 gnd Fremdenverkehrsplanung (DE-588)4155367-6 gnd Tourismus (DE-588)4018406-7 gnd Management (DE-588)4037278-9 gnd Planung (DE-588)4046235-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Tourism Management Tourismusindustrie Fremdenverkehrsplanung Tourismus Management Planung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016477875&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT masonpeter tourismimpactsplanningandmanagement |