Therapeutic pluralism: exploring the experiences of cancer patients and professionals
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London [u.a.]
Routledge
2008
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Publisher description Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | 154 S. |
| ISBN: | 9780415398527 9780415398534 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000zc 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV023283944 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20080610 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 080430s2008 xxk |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 010 | |a 2007034039 | ||
| 020 | |a 9780415398527 |c hbk |9 978-0-415-39852-7 | ||
| 020 | |a 9780415398534 |c pbk. |9 978-0-415-39853-4 | ||
| 020 | |z 9780203894453 |9 978-0-203-89445-3 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)166255136 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV023283944 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e aacr | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 044 | |a xxk |c GB | ||
| 049 | |a DE-12 | ||
| 050 | 0 | |a RC271.A62 | |
| 082 | 0 | |a 616.99/406 | |
| 100 | 1 | |a Broom, Alex |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Therapeutic pluralism |b exploring the experiences of cancer patients and professionals |c Alex Broom and Philip Tovey |
| 250 | |a 1. publ. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a London [u.a.] |b Routledge |c 2008 | |
| 300 | |a 154 S. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Cancer |x Alternative treatment |z Great Britain | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Neoplasms |x therapy | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Complementary Therapies |x methods | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Krebs |g Medizin |0 (DE-588)4073781-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Alternative Medizin |0 (DE-588)4112639-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Krebskranker |0 (DE-588)4032913-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Medizinische Versorgung |0 (DE-588)4038270-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Psychische Verarbeitung |0 (DE-588)4126366-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 4 | |a Großbritannien | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Großbritannien |0 (DE-588)4022153-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Großbritannien |0 (DE-588)4022153-2 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Krebs |g Medizin |0 (DE-588)4073781-0 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Medizinische Versorgung |0 (DE-588)4038270-9 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 3 | |a Alternative Medizin |0 (DE-588)4112639-7 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 689 | 1 | 0 | |a Krebskranker |0 (DE-588)4032913-6 |D s |
| 689 | 1 | 1 | |a Alternative Medizin |0 (DE-588)4112639-7 |D s |
| 689 | 1 | 2 | |a Psychische Verarbeitung |0 (DE-588)4126366-2 |D s |
| 689 | 1 | |C b |5 DE-604 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tovey, Philip |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 856 | 4 | |u http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0745/2007034039-d.html |3 Publisher description | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m HBZ Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016468686&sequence=000006&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016468686 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804137604006805504 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Acknowledgements xi
List of abbreviations xiii
Introduction 1
Empirical, theoretical and historical context 3
What is CAM? 3
Biomedicine in social context 6
Cancer in the United Kingdom 8
CAM and cancer 10
CAM, cancer and health policy 10
Social inequality in cancer care: a focus on factors mediating
CAM use 11
Pathways to CAM: self-help and the information age 14
Cancer clinicians attitudes towards CAM 15
The Sociology of CAM 16
On methods and methodology 20
Phase 1: in-depth qualitative interviews with patients and
clinicians 21
Phase 2: the solicited diary/unstructured interview 24
Data analysis 25
Outline of the book 25
1 The dialectical tension between individuation and
depersonalisation in cancer patients mediation of therapeutic
options 28
Introduction 28
Patient use of CAM in theoretical context 30
Cancer patients perspectives on scientific evidence 32
Discussion 43
Conclusion 44
viii Contents
2 The role of the Internet in cancer patients engagement with
therapeutic options 45
Introduction 45
Background 46
The Internet, prognosis and despondency 48
Non-biomedical therapeutic models and the
bio-medicalisation of the Internet 50
Strategies to limit danger online 51
Discussion 53
3 Integrating CAM: a comparative analysis of hospice versus
hospital medicine 56
Introduction 56
Organisational dynamics in theoretical context 60
Description of the two organisational case studies 62
The hospital context: evidence, effectiveness and the
biomedical gold standard 63
The importance of the scientific mind 65
Getting CAM in the back door 67
The hospice context: balancing public support, clinical
legitimacy and religiosity 70
The nature of palliative care 71
Enlistment and translation of CAM in palliative care 73
Discussion 75
Conclusion 77
4 Oncologists and specialist cancer nurses approaches to CAM
and their impact on patient action 78
Introduction 78
The lay-professional interface in empirical and theoretical
context 79
Practitioner responses to CAM use 82
Explicit and implicit negativity 83
Supportive ambivalence 85
Pragmatic acceptance 87
Specialist cancer nurses as mediators between CAM
and oncology 88
Discussion 92
Contents ix
5 Exploring the temporal dimension in cancer patients
experiences of non-biomedical therapeutics 96
Introduction 96
Empowerment, self-help and individual subjectivity 96
Therapeutic culture, self-help and disciplining the self 98
Diary methods 99
Discipline in self-healing and remembering to be ill 100
Friends dying, healing therapists and borrowed time 103
Nearing death and experiences of CAM 105
Discussion 107
6 The problematic nature of conflating use and advocacy in
CAM integration 110
Introduction 110
Background 111
Integration and evidence 111
Integration and risk of harm 112
Cost effectiveness 113
Provider type and context 113
Cancer patients perspectives on CAM integration 114
Evidence and risk 115
The economic costs of integration 117
Legitimacy of provider 119
Discussion 122
7 Conclusion 124
The future agenda 127
Notes 135
Bibliography 137
Index 153
|
| adam_txt |
Contents
Acknowledgements xi
List of abbreviations xiii
Introduction 1
Empirical, theoretical and historical context 3
What is CAM? 3
Biomedicine in social context 6
Cancer in the United Kingdom 8
CAM and cancer 10
CAM, cancer and health policy 10
Social inequality in cancer care: a focus on factors mediating
CAM use 11
Pathways to CAM: self-help and the information age 14
Cancer clinicians' attitudes towards CAM 15
The Sociology of CAM 16
On methods and methodology 20
Phase 1: in-depth qualitative interviews with patients and
clinicians 21
Phase 2: the solicited diary/unstructured interview 24
Data analysis 25
Outline of the book 25
1 The dialectical tension between individuation and
depersonalisation in cancer patients' mediation of therapeutic
options 28
Introduction 28
Patient use of CAM in theoretical context 30
Cancer patients' perspectives on scientific evidence 32
Discussion 43
Conclusion 44
viii Contents
2 The role of the Internet in cancer patients' engagement with
therapeutic options 45
Introduction 45
Background 46
The Internet, prognosis and despondency 48
Non-biomedical therapeutic models and the
bio-medicalisation of the Internet 50
Strategies to limit danger online 51
Discussion 53
3 Integrating CAM: a comparative analysis of hospice versus
hospital medicine 56
Introduction 56
Organisational dynamics in theoretical context 60
Description of the two organisational case studies 62
The hospital context: evidence, effectiveness and the
biomedical gold standard 63
The importance of the scientific mind 65
Getting CAM in the back door 67
The hospice context: balancing public support, clinical
legitimacy and religiosity 70
The nature of palliative care 71
Enlistment and translation of CAM in palliative care 73
Discussion 75
Conclusion 77
4 Oncologists' and specialist cancer nurses' approaches to CAM
and their impact on patient action 78
Introduction 78
The lay-professional interface in empirical and theoretical
context 79
Practitioner responses to CAM use 82
Explicit and implicit negativity 83
Supportive ambivalence 85
Pragmatic acceptance 87
Specialist cancer nurses as mediators between CAM
and oncology 88
Discussion 92
Contents ix
5 Exploring the temporal dimension in cancer patients'
experiences of non-biomedical therapeutics 96
Introduction 96
Empowerment, self-help and individual subjectivity 96
Therapeutic culture, self-help and disciplining the self 98
Diary methods 99
Discipline in self-healing and remembering to be ill 100
Friends dying, healing therapists and borrowed time 103
Nearing death and experiences of CAM 105
Discussion 107
6 The problematic nature of conflating use and advocacy in
CAM integration 110
Introduction 110
Background 111
Integration and evidence 111
Integration and risk of harm 112
Cost effectiveness 113
Provider type and context 113
Cancer patients' perspectives on CAM integration 114
Evidence and risk 115
The economic costs of integration 117
Legitimacy of provider 119
Discussion 122
7 Conclusion 124
The future agenda 127
Notes 135
Bibliography 137
Index 153 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Broom, Alex Tovey, Philip |
| author_facet | Broom, Alex Tovey, Philip |
| author_role | aut aut |
| author_sort | Broom, Alex |
| author_variant | a b ab p t pt |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV023283944 |
| callnumber-first | R - Medicine |
| callnumber-label | RC271 |
| callnumber-raw | RC271.A62 |
| callnumber-search | RC271.A62 |
| callnumber-sort | RC 3271 A62 |
| callnumber-subject | RC - Internal Medicine |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)166255136 (DE-599)BVBBV023283944 |
| dewey-full | 616.99/406 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 616 - Diseases |
| dewey-raw | 616.99/406 |
| dewey-search | 616.99/406 |
| dewey-sort | 3616.99 3406 |
| dewey-tens | 610 - Medicine and health |
| discipline | Medizin |
| discipline_str_mv | Medizin |
| edition | 1. publ. |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>02481nam a2200613zc 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV023283944</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20080610 </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">080430s2008 xxk |||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="010" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">2007034039</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9780415398527</subfield><subfield code="c">hbk</subfield><subfield code="9">978-0-415-39852-7</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9780415398534</subfield><subfield code="c">pbk.</subfield><subfield code="9">978-0-415-39853-4</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="z">9780203894453</subfield><subfield code="9">978-0-203-89445-3</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)166255136</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV023283944</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">aacr</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="044" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">xxk</subfield><subfield code="c">GB</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">RC271.A62</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">616.99/406</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Broom, Alex</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Therapeutic pluralism</subfield><subfield code="b">exploring the experiences of cancer patients and professionals</subfield><subfield code="c">Alex Broom and Philip Tovey</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="250" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1. publ.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">London [u.a.]</subfield><subfield code="b">Routledge</subfield><subfield code="c">2008</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">154 S.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Includes bibliographical references and index</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Cancer</subfield><subfield code="x">Alternative treatment</subfield><subfield code="z">Great Britain</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Neoplasms</subfield><subfield code="x">therapy</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Complementary Therapies</subfield><subfield code="x">methods</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Krebs</subfield><subfield code="g">Medizin</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4073781-0</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Alternative Medizin</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4112639-7</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Krebskranker</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4032913-6</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Medizinische Versorgung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4038270-9</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Psychische Verarbeitung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4126366-2</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Großbritannien</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Großbritannien</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4022153-2</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Großbritannien</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4022153-2</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Krebs</subfield><subfield code="g">Medizin</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4073781-0</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Medizinische Versorgung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4038270-9</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Alternative Medizin</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4112639-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Krebskranker</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4032913-6</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Alternative Medizin</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4112639-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Psychische Verarbeitung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4126366-2</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="C">b</subfield><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Tovey, Philip</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0745/2007034039-d.html</subfield><subfield code="3">Publisher description</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">HBZ Datenaustausch</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016468686&sequence=000006&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016468686</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| geographic | Großbritannien Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Großbritannien |
| id | DE-604.BV023283944 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T20:40:55Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:14:56Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780415398527 9780415398534 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 2007034039 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016468686 |
| oclc_num | 166255136 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 154 S. |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSearch | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | Routledge |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Broom, Alex Verfasser aut Therapeutic pluralism exploring the experiences of cancer patients and professionals Alex Broom and Philip Tovey 1. publ. London [u.a.] Routledge 2008 154 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Cancer Alternative treatment Great Britain Neoplasms therapy Complementary Therapies methods Krebs Medizin (DE-588)4073781-0 gnd rswk-swf Alternative Medizin (DE-588)4112639-7 gnd rswk-swf Krebskranker (DE-588)4032913-6 gnd rswk-swf Medizinische Versorgung (DE-588)4038270-9 gnd rswk-swf Psychische Verarbeitung (DE-588)4126366-2 gnd rswk-swf Großbritannien Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 gnd rswk-swf Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 g Krebs Medizin (DE-588)4073781-0 s Medizinische Versorgung (DE-588)4038270-9 s Alternative Medizin (DE-588)4112639-7 s DE-604 Krebskranker (DE-588)4032913-6 s Psychische Verarbeitung (DE-588)4126366-2 s b DE-604 Tovey, Philip Verfasser aut http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0745/2007034039-d.html Publisher description HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016468686&sequence=000006&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Broom, Alex Tovey, Philip Therapeutic pluralism exploring the experiences of cancer patients and professionals Cancer Alternative treatment Great Britain Neoplasms therapy Complementary Therapies methods Krebs Medizin (DE-588)4073781-0 gnd Alternative Medizin (DE-588)4112639-7 gnd Krebskranker (DE-588)4032913-6 gnd Medizinische Versorgung (DE-588)4038270-9 gnd Psychische Verarbeitung (DE-588)4126366-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4073781-0 (DE-588)4112639-7 (DE-588)4032913-6 (DE-588)4038270-9 (DE-588)4126366-2 (DE-588)4022153-2 |
| title | Therapeutic pluralism exploring the experiences of cancer patients and professionals |
| title_auth | Therapeutic pluralism exploring the experiences of cancer patients and professionals |
| title_exact_search | Therapeutic pluralism exploring the experiences of cancer patients and professionals |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Therapeutic pluralism exploring the experiences of cancer patients and professionals |
| title_full | Therapeutic pluralism exploring the experiences of cancer patients and professionals Alex Broom and Philip Tovey |
| title_fullStr | Therapeutic pluralism exploring the experiences of cancer patients and professionals Alex Broom and Philip Tovey |
| title_full_unstemmed | Therapeutic pluralism exploring the experiences of cancer patients and professionals Alex Broom and Philip Tovey |
| title_short | Therapeutic pluralism |
| title_sort | therapeutic pluralism exploring the experiences of cancer patients and professionals |
| title_sub | exploring the experiences of cancer patients and professionals |
| topic | Cancer Alternative treatment Great Britain Neoplasms therapy Complementary Therapies methods Krebs Medizin (DE-588)4073781-0 gnd Alternative Medizin (DE-588)4112639-7 gnd Krebskranker (DE-588)4032913-6 gnd Medizinische Versorgung (DE-588)4038270-9 gnd Psychische Verarbeitung (DE-588)4126366-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Cancer Alternative treatment Great Britain Neoplasms therapy Complementary Therapies methods Krebs Medizin Alternative Medizin Krebskranker Medizinische Versorgung Psychische Verarbeitung Großbritannien |
| url | http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0745/2007034039-d.html http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016468686&sequence=000006&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT broomalex therapeuticpluralismexploringtheexperiencesofcancerpatientsandprofessionals AT toveyphilip therapeuticpluralismexploringtheexperiencesofcancerpatientsandprofessionals |