Ventilatory support for chronic respiratory failure:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York
Informa Healthcare
2008
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Lung biology in health and disease
225 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | XXVII, 595 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 9780849384981 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Ventilatory support for chronic respiratory failure |c ed. by Nicolino Ambrosino ... |
| 264 | 1 | |a New York |b Informa Healthcare |c 2008 | |
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| 490 | 1 | |a Lung biology in health and disease |v 225 | |
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Respiratory insufficiency / Treatment | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Respirators (Medical equipment) | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Artificial respiration | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Respiratory Insufficiency / therapy | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Chronic Disease / therapy | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Respiration, Artificial | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Insuffisance respiratoire - Thérapeutique |2 ram | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Respirateurs médicaux |2 ram | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Respiration artificielle |2 ram | |
| 650 | 2 | |a Ventilation artificielle | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Artificial respiration | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Chronic Disease |x therapy | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Respiration, Artificial | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Respirators (Medical equipment) | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Respiratory Insufficiency |x therapy | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Respiratory insufficiency |x Treatment | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804137566640799744 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Introduction Claude Lenfant Hi
Foreword David J. Pierson v
Preface vii
Contributors u
Part I: Introduction
1. Chronic Respiratory Failure /
P. M. A. Calverley and M. Gorini
I. Definition /
II. Classification /
III. Pathophysiology of Chronic Respiratory Failure 4
IV. Some Specific Diseases Associated with
Respiratory Failure 7
References 9
2. Principles of Positive Pressure Mechanical Ventilatory Support 13
Neil R. Maclntyre
I. Introduction 13
II. Positive Pressure Mechanical Ventilator Design Features ... 13
III. Physiologic Effects of PPMV 15
IV. Complications of Positive-Pressure Ventilation 17
V. Recent Innovations in Mechanical Ventilatory Support 21
VI. Conclusions 22
References 22
3. Chronic Respiratory Failure as a Global Issue 27
Laura Carrozzi and Barry Make
I. Introduction 27
II. Sources of Data on Prevalence of CRF 28
III. Medical and Home Care in Different Countries 29
IV. Prevalence of HMV 30
XV
xvi Contents
V. Diagnoses of Patients Receiving LTMV at Home 31
VI. Mortality 32
VII. Specific Disorders 33
VIII. Clinical Comment 35
IX. Conclusion 35
References 36
Part II: The Difficult to Wean Patient in the ICU Setting
4. Size of the Problem, What Constitutes Prolonged Mechanical
Ventilation, Natural History, Epidemiology 39
Scott K. Epstein
I. What Constitutes Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation 39
II. Epidemiology of PMV 40
III. Who Becomes Difficult to Wean? 41
IV. Natural History of Patients Requiring PMV 45
V. Weaning Outcome 45
VI. Survival 48
VII. Predicting Survival 49
VIII. Health-Related Quality of Life 50
References 50
5. Causes of Difficult Weaning: Which Mechanisms Are Associated
with Long-Term Ventilator Dependence? 57
Franco Laghi
I. Introduction 57
II. Determinants of Long-Term Ventilator Dependence 58
III. Impaired Gas Exchange 5*
IV. Impaired Ventilatory Pump 59
V. Psychological Factors 75
VI. Conclusion 77
References 77
6. Weaning Protocols, Including Noninvasive Ventilation 85
Michele Vitacca
I. Introduction 85
II. Weaning Protocols 86
III. Results of Weaning Protocols 86
IV. Weaning Protocols with Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation 88
V. Final Recommendations 89
VI. Conclusion 89
References 89
Contents xvii
7A. Weaning Units: The U.S. Perspective 93
Paul J. Scalise and John J. Votto
I. Introduction 93
II. Etiology: The U.S. Experience 94
III. Outcomes 95
References 95
7B. Weaning in a Specialized Facility 99
Bernd Schonhofer
I. Background and Rationale 99
II. Weaning Facilities 99
III. Locations of WFs 99
IV. WF in Acute Care Hospitals 101
V. Respiratory Intermediate Care Unit 101
VI. WF Outside of Acute Care Hospitals 105
VII. Staffing Issues in WF 105
VIII. Admission Criteria 106
IX. Outcome and Effectiveness 106
X. Financial Issues 106
XI. Organized Discharge 707
XII. Home Mechanical Ventilation (HMV) 707
XIII. Conclusions 108
References 108
Part III: Rehabilitation in the Intensive Care Unit
8. Organization of Rehabilitation in the ICU 777
Debbie Field
I. Introduction 777
II. Why Should Rehabilitation Be Integrated into ICU? 777
HI. Organization of Rehabilitation in the ICU 77J
IV. Recommendations for Future Practice 727
References 727
Appendix 1. Rehabilitation and Weaning Plan for the Case
Report 72J
9. Indications and Physiological Basis of
Rehabilitation in the ICU 725
Enrico M. Clini and Nicolino Ambrosino
I. Introduction 725
II. Weaning 725
III. Physiotherapy 72 J
xviii Contents
IV. Conclusions 130
References 130
10. Peripheral and Respiratory Muscle Training 135
Rik Gosselink, Thierry Troosters, and Marc Decramer
I. Introduction 135
II. Peripheral Muscle Training 136
III. Weaning and Respiratory Muscle Training 140
References 142
11. Transcutaneous Electrical Muscle Stimulation 145
Carolyn L. Rochester
I. Introduction 145
II. The Basis of Exercise Limitation in COPD 145
III. The Rationale for TCEMS as a Strategy for Rehabilitation . 146
IV. TCEMS as an Alternate Rehabilitation Strategy 147
V. Clinical Benefits of TCEMS in Non-COPD Patient
Populations 149
VI. Effects of TCEMS on Muscle Function and Exercise
Tolerance Among Patients with COPD 152
VII. Mechanisms and Duration of Improvement
in Muscle Function 155
VIII. Patient Candidacy and Safety 156
IX. Questions for the Future 157
References 158
12. Psychological Aspects in Patients with Chronic Respiratory
Failure 165
Sharon Jankey and Claudio F. Donner
I. Introduction 165
II. Psychological and Psychosocial Factors 165
III. Factors Associated with Adjustment and Coping 166
IV. Assessing and Diagnosing Psychological Disorders 167
V. Comprehensive Assessments 168
VI. Treatment Approaches 168
VII. Assistance for Family and Caregivers 169
VIII. Conclusion 169
References 170
Contents xix
Part IV: Chronic Ventilatory Assistance in the Hospital (non ICU)
13. Definition and Indications for Prolonged Mechanical
Ventilation (PMV) 173
Gerard J. Criner and Victor Kim
I. Introduction 173
II. Definition 173
III. Epidemiology 174
IV. Indications for Chronic Ventilatory Assistance 175
V. Outcome 175
VI. Location of Care 176
VII. Summary and Recommendations 179
References 779
14. Clinical Settings for Ventilator-Assisted Individuals—When
and Why—LTAC-SNF-CAVC 181
Andrea Vianello and Nicolino Ambrosino
I. Introduction 181
II. Transfer from ICU to Alternative Sites of Care 182
III. Clinical Settings for VAIs 182
IV. Conclusion 187
References 187
15. The Multidisciplinary Team Training and Experience 189
Miguel Divo
I. Introduction 189
II. The Role of Multidisciplinary Team Caring for Ventilator-
dependent Patient Through Continuum of Care 189
III. The Multidisciplinary Team Members 191
IV. Multidisciplinary Team Training 192
V. Multidisciplinary Rounds 193
VI. Conclusion 194
References 194
16. Clinical Experience in a CAVC Unit 797
Monica Avendano, Christina Hurtado, and Roger S. Goldstein
I. Introduction 797
II. The Chronic Assisted Ventilatory Care Unit 198
HI. The Multidisciplinary Team in the CAVC Unit 799
IV. The Changing Face of the CAVC Unit 202
V. Experience with a CAVC Unit 203
VI. Spectrum of Care 203
xx Contents
VII. Special Situations 206
VIII. Conclusion 207
References 207
Part V: Long-Term Mechanical Ventilation in the Community
17. Indications and Outcomes of Noninvasive Ventilatory Support
in Restrictive and Obstructive Disorders 211
Jodo C. Winck and Anita K. Simonds
I. Introduction 211
II. Indications for Noninvasive Ventilatory Support 211
HI. Noninvasive Ventilatory Support in Restrictive Disorders . . 217
IV. Noninvasive Ventilatory Support in Obstructive Disorders . . 220
References 223
18. Choice of Devices, Ventilators, Interfaces, and Monitors ... 231
Susan Sortor Leger and Patrick Leger
I. Introduction 231
II. Home Mechanical Ventilators 231
III. Trigger Variables—Change from Expiration to Inspiration . 233
IV. Pressurization 241
V. Limit Variable—Sustaining Inspiration 242
VI. Cycle Variable—Ending Inspiration 242
VII. Baseline Variable—Expiration 243
VIII. Choosing the Right Mode of Ventilation and Adjusting
the Settings 244
IX. Patient Circuits and Interfaces 248
X. Accessories for HMV 250
XI. Monitoring 257
XII. Conclusion 253
References 255
19. Training the Home Health Team 257
Joan Escarrabill and Allen Goldberg
I. Introduction 257
II. The Actors 258
III. The Interface Between Home and Hospital 260
IV. Training According to the Needs and Responsibilities 262
References 262
Contents xxi
20. Discharge and Follow-Up 265
Pauleen Pratt and Joan Escarrabill
I. Introduction 265
II. Predischarge 265
III. Discharge 268
IV. Postdischarge Follow-Up 270
V. Summary 271
References 277
21. Health-Related Quality of Life 273
Claudio F. Donner and Nicolino Ambrosino
I. Introduction 273
II. Assessment 273
III. QoL in Ventilated Patients 274
IV. Conclusion 282
References 282
22. Legal and Ethical Issues 285
Douglas Turner and Pauleen Pratt
I. Introduction 285
II. Ethical Theory 286
HI. Pragmatic Process for Application of the Four Principles . . 288
IV. Living Wills and Patient Autonomy 291
V. Patient Request for Treatment Withdrawal or Terminal Wean . 291
VI. Chronic Ventilatory Failure 293
VII. Conclusions 293
References 294
Part VI: Special Considerations
23. Pharmacological Treatment for Patients with Chronic
Respiratory Failure 295
Gerhard Laier-Groeneveld
I. Introduction 295
II. Bronchodilators for COPD 295
III. Corticosteroids (COPD) 296
IV. Oxygen Therapy (Neuromuscular Diseases) 297
V. Antibiotics 297
VI. Cardiac Dysfunction 298
VII. Secretions 29S
VIII. Body Positioning 298
xxii Contents
IX. Mobilization 298
X. Aspiration in Tracheotomized Patients 298
XI. Summary 299
References 299
24. Patient-Ventilator Interfaces for Invasive and Noninvasive
Ventilation 301
Paolo Navalesi, Annalisa Carlucci, and Pamela Frigerio
I. Introduction 301
II. Invasive Ventilatory Assistance 302
III. Noninvasive Ventilation 303
IV. Conclusions 306
References 307
25. Tracheostomy Weaning from Longer Term Ventilation .... 309
Douglas A. McKim and J. Afonso Rocha
I. Introduction 309
II. Pathophysiology of Ventilator Dependence 310
III. Candidacy for Weaning and Decannulation 310
References 318
26. Communication Alternatives 323
Miguel Divo, Elizabeth Gartner, and Suzanne Scinto
I. Introduction 323
II. Restoring and Augmenting Communication 323
III. Communication Modalities in the MV Patient 325
IV. Conclusion 330
References 331
27. Electrophrenic Respiration 333
Rachel Heft and Roger S. Goldstein
I. Introduction 333
II. Patient Selection 334
III. The Pacer System 334
IV. Settings 337
V. Troubleshooting 338
VI. Safety Issues 338
VII. Glossopharyngeal Breathing 338
VIII. Clinical Examples 339
References 341
Contents xxiii
28. Secretion Management 343
Miguel R. Goncalves
I. Introduction 343
II. Physiological Basis for Mucus Hypersecretion and Transport
from the Lower Respiratory Tract 344
HI. Impairment of Mucus Elimination and Clinical Indications
for Airway Clearance Techniques 345
IV. Patient Evaluation or Monitoring for Clinical
Decision Making 348
V. Control of Mucus and Airway Clearance Techniques 35/
VI. Mechanical Respiratory Muscle Aids for Secretion
Management 359
VII. Conclusion 364
References 365
29. The Importance of Overnight Monitoring in
the Management of Chronic Respiratory Failure 371
Roger S. Goldstein and Lori Davis
I. Introduction 371
II. Comment 386
References 388
30. Management of Respiratory Infections 389
Miquel Ferrer, Mauricio Valencia, and Antoni Torres
I. Introduction 389
II. Epidemiology 389
III. Pathogenesis 390
IV. Risk Factors 391
V. Diagnosis 393
VI. Treatment 395
VII. Conclusion 398
References 398
31. Nutrition in ICU 401
Enrico M. Clini, Ludovico Trianni, and Nicolino Ambrosino
I. Introduction 401
II. Approaching the Malnourished Patient 401
III. Assessment 402
IV. Screening 403
V. Intervention Strategy 403
VI. Food Intake in ICU Patients 404
xxiv Contents
VII. Artificial Nutrition 405
VIII. Conclusions 409
References 410
32. Skin Integrity, Bowel and Bladder Care 475
Rita F. Bonczek
I. Bowel Program 475
II. Bladder Program 419
References 422
33. Palliative Care for the Ventilator Patient: End-of-Life
Issues and Approaches 423
Allison Lane-Reticker
I. Introduction and Definitions 423
II. Symptom Management 426
III. Clinical Vignettes 430
IV. Summary 431
References 432
Part VII: Chronic Respiratory Failure in Different Patient Groups
34. Management of Chronic Respiratory Failure and Obesity . . 433
Jean-Francois Muir and Antoine Cuvelier
I. Introduction 433
II. Pathophysiology 434
III. Management of Obese Patients and CRF 436
IV. Acute-on-Chronic Respiratory Failure and Obese Patients . . 440
References 443
35. Progressive Neuromuscular and Degenerative Diseases .... 445
John R. Bach
I. Introduction to Respiratory Muscle Aids 445
II. Clinical Goals 447
III. The Oximetry Feedback: Respiratory Aid Protocol 451
IV. Conclusion 454
References 454
36. Chronic Ventilatory Support in Obstructive Lung Disease . . 457
Peter J. Wijkstra and Mark W. Elliott
I. Introduction 457
II. Rationale for NIPPV in Patients with COPD 457
III. Uncontrolled Trials 459
Contents xxv
IV. Cystic Fibrosis and Bronchiectasis 463
V. Summary 464
References 464
37. Ventilation Among the Pediatric Population 467
Brigitte Fauroux and Frederic Lofaso
I. Introduction 467
II. Which Patients May Benefit from NPPV? 468
III. When to Start NPPV? 471
IV. Long-Term Follow-Up 473
V. Benefits of NPPV 474
VI. Limits and Side Effects of NPPV 476
References 476
Part VIII: Perspectives on Long-Term Ventilation
38. The Perspective of Patients 481
Dina Brooks, Barbara Gibson, and Roger S. Goldstein
I. Introduction and Definitions 481
II. Quality of Life and Experiences of Ventilator Users 481
HI. Relationship Between Personal Support Workers
and Ventilator Users 484
IV. Relationship Between Health Care Professionals
and Ventilator Users 485
V. Conclusion 486
References 487
39. The Perspective of Family and Caregivers 489
Pamela A. Cazzolli
I. Introduction 489
II. Background 490
III. Common Misconceptions of Family Caregivers: 1984-1999 . 490
IV. Impact of Slow Communication on the Burden of Care . . . 491
V. Impact of Totally Locked-in Patients on Families 492
VI. Impact of Immobility on the Burden of Care 493
VII. Hired Caregivers 493
VIII. Motivating Factors for Continuing LTMV 494
IX. Need for Social Interaction 494
X. Life Satisfaction of Family Caregivers: 1984 to the Present . 494
XI. The Impact of Strife on Family Caregivers 495
XII. Burden of Care 496
XIII. Common Observations of Each Caregiver Group 497
xxv( Contents
XIV. What Physicians and Nurses Can Do to Help Family
Caregivers Achieve Life Satisfaction and
Optimal Outcomes 498
References 499
40. The Perspective of Physicians: The Intensive Care Specialist
and the Pulmonary Specialist 501
Miguel Divo and Bartolome R. Celli
I. Introduction 507
II. Venues for LTMV 503
III. Role of the Physician 503
References 504
41. The Perspective of the Allied Health Professionals 507
Jane Reardon, Cathy Relf, and Debbie Field
I. Introduction 507
II. Venues of Care 507
HI. Conclusion 519
References 520
Part IX: Worldwide Approaches to Long-Term Ventilation
42. Long-Term Ventilation: The North American Perspective . . 523
Inderjit Hansra, Alex White, and Nicholas S. Hill
I. Introduction 523
II. Historical Perspective 523
III. Epidemiologic Trends in LTMV 524
IV. Challenges to the Care of LTMV Patients in North America 528
V. Future Perspectives 531
References 531
43. Long-Term Ventilation: The European Perspective 535
James Goldring and Jadwiga Wedzicha
I. Introduction 535
II. The Situation in Europe in the 1990s 536
HI. The Situation in Europe in 2002 537
IV. Quality Control of HMV Equipment in Europe 539
V. Conclusions 541
References 541
Contents xxvii
44. Long-Term Ventilation: The South American Perspective . . 543
Eduardo Luis De Vito
I. Introduction 543
II. Brazil 544
III. Chile 545
IV. Argentina 545
V. Summary 546
References 547
45. Long-Term Ventilation: The Japanese Perspective 549
Yuka Ishikawa, Katsunori Tatara, and Hideki Ishihara
I. History of Long-Term Ventilation and
Home Mechanical Ventilation 549
II. LTV Outside the Home 550
References 556
46. Long-Term Ventilation: The Taiwanese Perspective 557
Shih-Chi Ku and Chong-Jen Yu
I. Introduction 557
II. Epidemiology of LMV in Taiwan 557
III. Health Expenditure for LMV 558
IV. Managed Care of LMV: The Integrated Delivery System . . 558
V. Special Issues of LMV in Taiwan 560
VI. Conclusion 561
References 562
Index . ... 563
|
| adam_txt |
Contents
Introduction Claude Lenfant Hi
Foreword David J. Pierson v
Preface vii
Contributors u
Part I: Introduction
1. Chronic Respiratory Failure /
P. M. A. Calverley and M. Gorini
I. Definition /
II. Classification /
III. Pathophysiology of Chronic Respiratory Failure 4
IV. Some Specific Diseases Associated with
Respiratory Failure 7
References 9
2. Principles of Positive Pressure Mechanical Ventilatory Support 13
Neil R. Maclntyre
I. Introduction 13
II. Positive Pressure Mechanical Ventilator Design Features . 13
III. Physiologic Effects of PPMV 15
IV. Complications of Positive-Pressure Ventilation 17
V. Recent Innovations in Mechanical Ventilatory Support 21
VI. Conclusions 22
References 22
3. Chronic Respiratory Failure as a Global Issue 27
Laura Carrozzi and Barry Make
I. Introduction 27
II. Sources of Data on Prevalence of CRF 28
III. Medical and Home Care in Different Countries 29
IV. Prevalence of HMV 30
XV
xvi Contents
V. Diagnoses of Patients Receiving LTMV at Home 31
VI. Mortality 32
VII. Specific Disorders 33
VIII. Clinical Comment 35
IX. Conclusion 35
References 36
Part II: The Difficult to Wean Patient in the ICU Setting
4. Size of the Problem, What Constitutes Prolonged Mechanical
Ventilation, Natural History, Epidemiology 39
Scott K. Epstein
I. What Constitutes Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation 39
II. Epidemiology of PMV 40
III. Who Becomes Difficult to Wean? 41
IV. Natural History of Patients Requiring PMV 45
V. Weaning Outcome 45
VI. Survival 48
VII. Predicting Survival 49
VIII. Health-Related Quality of Life 50
References 50
5. Causes of Difficult Weaning: Which Mechanisms Are Associated
with Long-Term Ventilator Dependence? 57
Franco Laghi
I. Introduction 57
II. Determinants of Long-Term Ventilator Dependence 58
III. Impaired Gas Exchange 5*
IV. Impaired Ventilatory Pump 59
V. Psychological Factors 75
VI. Conclusion 77
References 77
6. Weaning Protocols, Including Noninvasive Ventilation 85
Michele Vitacca
I. Introduction 85
II. Weaning Protocols 86
III. Results of Weaning Protocols 86
IV. Weaning Protocols with Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation 88
V. Final Recommendations 89
VI. Conclusion 89
References 89
Contents xvii
7A. Weaning Units: The U.S. Perspective 93
Paul J. Scalise and John J. Votto
I. Introduction 93
II. Etiology: The U.S. Experience 94
III. Outcomes 95
References 95
7B. Weaning in a Specialized Facility 99
Bernd Schonhofer
I. Background and Rationale 99
II. Weaning Facilities 99
III. Locations of WFs 99
IV. WF in Acute Care Hospitals 101
V. Respiratory Intermediate Care Unit 101
VI. WF Outside of Acute Care Hospitals 105
VII. Staffing Issues in WF 105
VIII. Admission Criteria 106
IX. Outcome and Effectiveness 106
X. Financial Issues 106
XI. Organized Discharge 707
XII. Home Mechanical Ventilation (HMV) 707
XIII. Conclusions 108
References 108
Part III: Rehabilitation in the Intensive Care Unit
8. Organization of Rehabilitation in the ICU 777
Debbie Field
I. Introduction 777
II. Why Should Rehabilitation Be Integrated into ICU? 777
HI. Organization of Rehabilitation in the ICU 77J
IV. Recommendations for Future Practice 727
References 727
Appendix 1. Rehabilitation and Weaning Plan for the Case
Report 72J
9. Indications and Physiological Basis of
Rehabilitation in the ICU 725
Enrico M. Clini and Nicolino Ambrosino
I. Introduction 725
II. Weaning 725
III. Physiotherapy 72 J
xviii Contents
IV. Conclusions 130
References 130
10. Peripheral and Respiratory Muscle Training 135
Rik Gosselink, Thierry Troosters, and Marc Decramer
I. Introduction 135
II. Peripheral Muscle Training 136
III. Weaning and Respiratory Muscle Training 140
References 142
11. Transcutaneous Electrical Muscle Stimulation 145
Carolyn L. Rochester
I. Introduction 145
II. The Basis of Exercise Limitation in COPD 145
III. The Rationale for TCEMS as a Strategy for Rehabilitation . 146
IV. TCEMS as an Alternate Rehabilitation Strategy 147
V. Clinical Benefits of TCEMS in Non-COPD Patient
Populations 149
VI. Effects of TCEMS on Muscle Function and Exercise
Tolerance Among Patients with COPD 152
VII. Mechanisms and Duration of Improvement
in Muscle Function 155
VIII. Patient Candidacy and Safety 156
IX. Questions for the Future 157
References 158
12. Psychological Aspects in Patients with Chronic Respiratory
Failure 165
Sharon Jankey and Claudio F. Donner
I. Introduction 165
II. Psychological and Psychosocial Factors 165
III. Factors Associated with Adjustment and Coping 166
IV. Assessing and Diagnosing Psychological Disorders 167
V. Comprehensive Assessments 168
VI. Treatment Approaches 168
VII. Assistance for Family and Caregivers 169
VIII. Conclusion 169
References 170
Contents xix
Part IV: Chronic Ventilatory Assistance in the Hospital (non ICU)
13. Definition and Indications for Prolonged Mechanical
Ventilation (PMV) 173
Gerard J. Criner and Victor Kim
I. Introduction 173
II. Definition 173
III. Epidemiology 174
IV. Indications for Chronic Ventilatory Assistance 175
V. Outcome 175
VI. Location of Care 176
VII. Summary and Recommendations 179
References 779
14. Clinical Settings for Ventilator-Assisted Individuals—When
and Why—LTAC-SNF-CAVC 181
Andrea Vianello and Nicolino Ambrosino
I. Introduction 181
II. Transfer from ICU to Alternative Sites of Care 182
III. Clinical Settings for VAIs 182
IV. Conclusion 187
References 187
15. The Multidisciplinary Team Training and Experience 189
Miguel Divo
I. Introduction 189
II. The Role of Multidisciplinary Team Caring for Ventilator-
dependent Patient Through Continuum of Care 189
III. The Multidisciplinary Team Members 191
IV. Multidisciplinary Team Training 192
V. Multidisciplinary Rounds 193
VI. Conclusion 194
References 194
16. Clinical Experience in a CAVC Unit 797
Monica Avendano, Christina Hurtado, and Roger S. Goldstein
I. Introduction 797
II. The Chronic Assisted Ventilatory Care Unit 198
HI. The Multidisciplinary Team in the CAVC Unit 799
IV. The Changing Face of the CAVC Unit 202
V. Experience with a CAVC Unit 203
VI. Spectrum of Care 203
xx Contents
VII. Special Situations 206
VIII. Conclusion 207
References 207
Part V: Long-Term Mechanical Ventilation in the Community
17. Indications and Outcomes of Noninvasive Ventilatory Support
in Restrictive and Obstructive Disorders 211
Jodo C. Winck and Anita K. Simonds
I. Introduction 211
II. Indications for Noninvasive Ventilatory Support 211
HI. Noninvasive Ventilatory Support in Restrictive Disorders . . 217
IV. Noninvasive Ventilatory Support in Obstructive Disorders . . 220
References 223
18. Choice of Devices, Ventilators, Interfaces, and Monitors . 231
Susan Sortor Leger and Patrick Leger
I. Introduction 231
II. Home Mechanical Ventilators 231
III. Trigger Variables—Change from Expiration to Inspiration . 233
IV. Pressurization 241
V. Limit Variable—Sustaining Inspiration 242
VI. Cycle Variable—Ending Inspiration 242
VII. Baseline Variable—Expiration 243
VIII. Choosing the Right Mode of Ventilation and Adjusting
the Settings 244
IX. Patient Circuits and Interfaces 248
X. Accessories for HMV 250
XI. Monitoring 257
XII. Conclusion 253
References 255
19. Training the Home Health Team 257
Joan Escarrabill and Allen Goldberg
I. Introduction 257
II. The Actors 258
III. The Interface Between Home and Hospital 260
IV. Training According to the Needs and Responsibilities 262
References 262
Contents xxi
20. Discharge and Follow-Up 265
Pauleen Pratt and Joan Escarrabill
I. Introduction 265
II. Predischarge 265
III. Discharge 268
IV. Postdischarge Follow-Up 270
V. Summary 271
References 277
21. Health-Related Quality of Life 273
Claudio F. Donner and Nicolino Ambrosino
I. Introduction 273
II. Assessment 273
III. QoL in Ventilated Patients 274
IV. Conclusion 282
References 282
22. Legal and Ethical Issues 285
Douglas Turner and Pauleen Pratt
I. Introduction 285
II. Ethical Theory 286
HI. Pragmatic Process for Application of the Four Principles . . 288
IV. Living Wills and Patient Autonomy 291
V. Patient Request for Treatment Withdrawal or Terminal Wean . 291
VI. Chronic Ventilatory Failure 293
VII. Conclusions 293
References 294
Part VI: Special Considerations
23. Pharmacological Treatment for Patients with Chronic
Respiratory Failure 295
Gerhard Laier-Groeneveld
I. Introduction 295
II. Bronchodilators for COPD 295
III. Corticosteroids (COPD) 296
IV. Oxygen Therapy (Neuromuscular Diseases) 297
V. Antibiotics 297
VI. Cardiac Dysfunction 298
VII. Secretions 29S
VIII. Body Positioning 298
xxii Contents
IX. Mobilization 298
X. Aspiration in Tracheotomized Patients 298
XI. Summary 299
References 299
24. Patient-Ventilator Interfaces for Invasive and Noninvasive
Ventilation 301
Paolo Navalesi, Annalisa Carlucci, and Pamela Frigerio
I. Introduction 301
II. Invasive Ventilatory Assistance 302
III. Noninvasive Ventilation 303
IV. Conclusions 306
References 307
25. Tracheostomy Weaning from Longer Term Ventilation . 309
Douglas A. McKim and J. Afonso Rocha
I. Introduction 309
II. Pathophysiology of Ventilator Dependence 310
III. Candidacy for Weaning and Decannulation 310
References 318
26. Communication Alternatives 323
Miguel Divo, Elizabeth Gartner, and Suzanne Scinto
I. Introduction 323
II. Restoring and Augmenting Communication 323
III. Communication Modalities in the MV Patient 325
IV. Conclusion 330
References 331
27. Electrophrenic Respiration 333
Rachel Heft and Roger S. Goldstein
I. Introduction 333
II. Patient Selection 334
III. The Pacer System 334
IV. Settings 337
V. Troubleshooting 338
VI. Safety Issues 338
VII. Glossopharyngeal Breathing 338
VIII. Clinical Examples 339
References 341
Contents xxiii
28. Secretion Management 343
Miguel R. Goncalves
I. Introduction 343
II. Physiological Basis for Mucus Hypersecretion and Transport
from the Lower Respiratory Tract 344
HI. Impairment of Mucus Elimination and Clinical Indications
for Airway Clearance Techniques 345
IV. Patient Evaluation or Monitoring for Clinical
Decision Making 348
V. Control of Mucus and Airway Clearance Techniques 35/
VI. Mechanical Respiratory Muscle Aids for Secretion
Management 359
VII. Conclusion 364
References 365
29. The Importance of Overnight Monitoring in
the Management of Chronic Respiratory Failure 371
Roger S. Goldstein and Lori Davis
I. Introduction 371
II. Comment 386
References 388
30. Management of Respiratory Infections 389
Miquel Ferrer, Mauricio Valencia, and Antoni Torres
I. Introduction 389
II. Epidemiology 389
III. Pathogenesis 390
IV. Risk Factors 391
V. Diagnosis 393
VI. Treatment 395
VII. Conclusion 398
References 398
31. Nutrition in ICU 401
Enrico M. Clini, Ludovico Trianni, and Nicolino Ambrosino
I. Introduction 401
II. Approaching the Malnourished Patient 401
III. Assessment 402
IV. Screening 403
V. Intervention Strategy 403
VI. Food Intake in ICU Patients 404
xxiv Contents
VII. Artificial Nutrition 405
VIII. Conclusions 409
References 410
32. Skin Integrity, Bowel and Bladder Care 475
Rita F. Bonczek
I. Bowel Program 475
II. Bladder Program 419
References 422
33. Palliative Care for the Ventilator Patient: End-of-Life
Issues and Approaches 423
Allison Lane-Reticker
I. Introduction and Definitions 423
II. Symptom Management 426
III. Clinical Vignettes 430
IV. Summary 431
References 432
Part VII: Chronic Respiratory Failure in Different Patient Groups
34. Management of Chronic Respiratory Failure and Obesity . . 433
Jean-Francois Muir and Antoine Cuvelier
I. Introduction 433
II. Pathophysiology 434
III. Management of Obese Patients and CRF 436
IV. Acute-on-Chronic Respiratory Failure and Obese Patients . . 440
References 443
35. Progressive Neuromuscular and Degenerative Diseases . 445
John R. Bach
I. Introduction to Respiratory Muscle Aids 445
II. Clinical Goals 447
III. The Oximetry Feedback: Respiratory Aid Protocol 451
IV. Conclusion 454
References 454
36. Chronic Ventilatory Support in Obstructive Lung Disease . . 457
Peter J. Wijkstra and Mark W. Elliott
I. Introduction 457
II. Rationale for NIPPV in Patients with COPD 457
III. Uncontrolled Trials 459
Contents xxv
IV. Cystic Fibrosis and Bronchiectasis 463
V. Summary 464
References 464
37. Ventilation Among the Pediatric Population 467
Brigitte Fauroux and Frederic Lofaso
I. Introduction 467
II. Which Patients May Benefit from NPPV? 468
III. When to Start NPPV? 471
IV. Long-Term Follow-Up 473
V. Benefits of NPPV 474
VI. Limits and Side Effects of NPPV 476
References 476
Part VIII: Perspectives on Long-Term Ventilation
38. The Perspective of Patients 481
Dina Brooks, Barbara Gibson, and Roger S. Goldstein
I. Introduction and Definitions 481
II. Quality of Life and Experiences of Ventilator Users 481
HI. Relationship Between Personal Support Workers
and Ventilator Users 484
IV. Relationship Between Health Care Professionals
and Ventilator Users 485
V. Conclusion 486
References 487
39. The Perspective of Family and Caregivers 489
Pamela A. Cazzolli
I. Introduction 489
II. Background 490
III. Common Misconceptions of Family Caregivers: 1984-1999 . 490
IV. Impact of Slow Communication on the Burden of Care . . . 491
V. Impact of Totally Locked-in Patients on Families 492
VI. Impact of Immobility on the Burden of Care 493
VII. Hired Caregivers 493
VIII. Motivating Factors for Continuing LTMV 494
IX. Need for Social Interaction 494
X. Life Satisfaction of Family Caregivers: 1984 to the Present . 494
XI. The Impact of Strife on Family Caregivers 495
XII. Burden of Care 496
XIII. Common Observations of Each Caregiver Group 497
xxv( Contents
XIV. What Physicians and Nurses Can Do to Help Family
Caregivers Achieve Life Satisfaction and
Optimal Outcomes 498
References 499
40. The Perspective of Physicians: The Intensive Care Specialist
and the Pulmonary Specialist 501
Miguel Divo and Bartolome R. Celli
I. Introduction 507
II. Venues for LTMV 503
III. Role of the Physician 503
References 504
41. The Perspective of the Allied Health Professionals 507
Jane Reardon, Cathy Relf, and Debbie Field
I. Introduction 507
II. Venues of Care 507
HI. Conclusion 519
References 520
Part IX: Worldwide Approaches to Long-Term Ventilation
42. Long-Term Ventilation: The North American Perspective . . 523
Inderjit Hansra, Alex White, and Nicholas S. Hill
I. Introduction 523
II. Historical Perspective 523
III. Epidemiologic Trends in LTMV 524
IV. Challenges to the Care of LTMV Patients in North America 528
V. Future Perspectives 531
References 531
43. Long-Term Ventilation: The European Perspective 535
James Goldring and Jadwiga Wedzicha
I. Introduction 535
II. The Situation in Europe in the 1990s 536
HI. The Situation in Europe in 2002 537
IV. Quality Control of HMV Equipment in Europe 539
V. Conclusions 541
References 541
Contents xxvii
44. Long-Term Ventilation: The South American Perspective . . 543
Eduardo Luis De Vito
I. Introduction 543
II. Brazil 544
III. Chile 545
IV. Argentina 545
V. Summary 546
References 547
45. Long-Term Ventilation: The Japanese Perspective 549
Yuka Ishikawa, Katsunori Tatara, and Hideki Ishihara
I. History of Long-Term Ventilation and
Home Mechanical Ventilation 549
II. LTV Outside the Home 550
References 556
46. Long-Term Ventilation: The Taiwanese Perspective 557
Shih-Chi Ku and Chong-Jen Yu
I. Introduction 557
II. Epidemiology of LMV in Taiwan 557
III. Health Expenditure for LMV 558
IV. Managed Care of LMV: The Integrated Delivery System . . 558
V. Special Issues of LMV in Taiwan 560
VI. Conclusion 561
References 562
Index . . 563 |
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| index_date | 2024-07-02T20:31:10Z |
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| spelling | Ventilatory support for chronic respiratory failure ed. by Nicolino Ambrosino ... New York Informa Healthcare 2008 XXVII, 595 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Lung biology in health and disease 225 Includes bibliographical references and index Respiratory insufficiency / Treatment Respirators (Medical equipment) Artificial respiration Respiratory Insufficiency / therapy Chronic Disease / therapy Respiration, Artificial Insuffisance respiratoire - Thérapeutique ram Respirateurs médicaux ram Respiration artificielle ram Ventilation artificielle Chronic Disease therapy Respiratory Insufficiency therapy Respiratory insufficiency Treatment Künstliche Beatmung (DE-588)4033439-9 gnd rswk-swf Atmungsinsuffizienz (DE-588)4003405-7 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Atmungsinsuffizienz (DE-588)4003405-7 s Künstliche Beatmung (DE-588)4033439-9 s b DE-604 Ambrosino, Nicolino Sonstige oth Lung biology in health and disease 225 (DE-604)BV000008326 225 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016444227&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Ventilatory support for chronic respiratory failure Lung biology in health and disease Respiratory insufficiency / Treatment Respirators (Medical equipment) Artificial respiration Respiratory Insufficiency / therapy Chronic Disease / therapy Respiration, Artificial Insuffisance respiratoire - Thérapeutique ram Respirateurs médicaux ram Respiration artificielle ram Ventilation artificielle Chronic Disease therapy Respiratory Insufficiency therapy Respiratory insufficiency Treatment Künstliche Beatmung (DE-588)4033439-9 gnd Atmungsinsuffizienz (DE-588)4003405-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4033439-9 (DE-588)4003405-7 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Ventilatory support for chronic respiratory failure |
| title_auth | Ventilatory support for chronic respiratory failure |
| title_exact_search | Ventilatory support for chronic respiratory failure |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Ventilatory support for chronic respiratory failure |
| title_full | Ventilatory support for chronic respiratory failure ed. by Nicolino Ambrosino ... |
| title_fullStr | Ventilatory support for chronic respiratory failure ed. by Nicolino Ambrosino ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ventilatory support for chronic respiratory failure ed. by Nicolino Ambrosino ... |
| title_short | Ventilatory support for chronic respiratory failure |
| title_sort | ventilatory support for chronic respiratory failure |
| topic | Respiratory insufficiency / Treatment Respirators (Medical equipment) Artificial respiration Respiratory Insufficiency / therapy Chronic Disease / therapy Respiration, Artificial Insuffisance respiratoire - Thérapeutique ram Respirateurs médicaux ram Respiration artificielle ram Ventilation artificielle Chronic Disease therapy Respiratory Insufficiency therapy Respiratory insufficiency Treatment Künstliche Beatmung (DE-588)4033439-9 gnd Atmungsinsuffizienz (DE-588)4003405-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Respiratory insufficiency / Treatment Respirators (Medical equipment) Artificial respiration Respiratory Insufficiency / therapy Chronic Disease / therapy Respiration, Artificial Insuffisance respiratoire - Thérapeutique Respirateurs médicaux Respiration artificielle Ventilation artificielle Chronic Disease therapy Respiratory Insufficiency therapy Respiratory insufficiency Treatment Künstliche Beatmung Atmungsinsuffizienz Aufsatzsammlung |
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