Plant cryopreservation: a practical guide
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York
Springer
c2008
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltstext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | xxix, 513 p. ill. 25 cm |
| ISBN: | 9780387722757 0387722750 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Plant cryopreservation |b a practical guide |c editor, Barbara M. Reed |
| 264 | 1 | |a New York |b Springer |c c2008 | |
| 300 | |a xxix, 513 p. |b ill. |c 25 cm | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Cryoconservation des organes, tissus, etc | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Plantes - Cellules et tissus - Cryoconservation | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Plantes - Ressources génétiques - Cryoconservation | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Cryopreservation of organs, tissues, etc | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Germplasm resources, Plant |x Cryopreservation | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Plant cells and tissues |x Cryopreservation | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Reed, Barbara M. |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1805090266802028544 |
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Contents
Preface.vii
Section I: Introduction to Cryopreservation._._._._._. 1
1. Cryopreservation—Practical Considerations._._._.3
Barbara M. Reed
1.1 Introduction.3
1.2 Planning for a Liquid Nitrogen Stored Collection.4
1.2.1 Plant Materials.4
1.2.2 Storage Records.5
1.2.3 Storage Form.7
1.2.4 How Many to Store.7
1.2.5 Protocol Testing.8
1.2.6 Storage Controls.9
1.2.7 Recovery.9
1.3 Standard Protocols.10
1.4 Conclusions.11
References.11
2. Cryopreservation Theory.—._.—._.—. 15
Erica E. Benson
2.1 Introduction.15
2.2 The Biological Chemistry of Water.15
2.3 Thermal Properties of Water and Ice.17
2.3.1 Ice Nucleation.17
2.3.2 Controlled Rate Cooling.20
2.4 Vitrification: The Glassy State.21
2.5 Water State Transitions and Instabilities.22
2.6 Cryoprotection.23
2.6.1 Biophysical Aspects of Natural Freezing Tolerance.23
2.6.2 Aspects of Natural Freeze Tolerance.24
2.6.3 Artificial Cryoprotection.25
2.7 New and Retrospective Insights in Cryoprotection.27
References.30
XI
xii Contents
3. Development of PVS-Based Vitrification and Encapsulation-Vitrification
Protocols.—.—._.—.—.—.33
Akira Sakai, Dai Hirai and Takao Niino
3.1 Introduction.33
3.2 The Concept of Vitrification.34
3.3 Vitrification Procedure.35
3.4 Preconditioning.38
3.5 Preculture.41
3.5.1 Herbaceous Plants.41
3.5.2 Woody Plants.41
3.5.3 Tropical Plants.43
3.6 Osmoprotection (Loading Treatment).43
3.7 Exposure Time to PVS2.44
3.8Regrowth.46
3.9 Encapsulation Vitrification.47
3.10 A Personal View of the Development of PVS2 by Akira Sakai.48
3.10.1 The Ultimate Goal—Storing Tropical Plants.48
3.10.2 The Core of the Technology Development.48
3.10.3 Success with Vitrification of Tropical Plants.50
3.10.4 Fifteen Years of Research.50
References.51
4. Development of Encapsulation Dehydration. 59
Florent Engelmann, Maria-Teresa Gonzalez Arnao, Yongjie Wu
and Roosevelt Escobar
4.1 Introduction.59
4.2 Successive Steps of the Protocol.62
4.2.1 Physiological Status of the Plant Material.62
4.2.2 Preconditioning.63
4.2.3 Preculture.63
4.2.4 Encapsulation.64
4.2.5 Osmoprotection.64
4.2.6 Dehydration.65
4.2.7 Cryopreservation.65
4.2.8 Rewarming.66
4.2.9 Recovery.66
4.2.10 Viability Assessment.67
4.3 Current Development and use of Encapsulation Dehydration.67
4.4 Genetic Stability.68
4.5 Conclusions.68
References.68
5. Controlled Rate Cooling_77
Barbara M. Reed and Esther Uchendu
5.1 Basic concepts of controlled rate cooling.77
5.2 Preconditioning.78
Contents xiii
5.2.1 Cold Acclimation.78
5.2.2 In Vitro Culture.80
5.2.3 Abscisic Acid.80
5.3 Preculture.82
5.4 Cryoprotection.83
5.4.1 Single Chemicals.83
5.4.2 Chemical Combinations.84
5.5 Cooling.84
5.6 Warming.85
5.7 Recovery and Viability Assessment.86
5.8 Summary of the Basic Protocol.87
References.88
Section II. Cryopreservation Protocols for Working Laboratories._._93
6. Cryopreservation of Algae.95
John G. Day and Keith Harding
6.1 Algae.95
6.2 Physiological Status.96
6.3 Preconditioning.96
6.4 Preculture.97
6.5 Cryoprotection.98
6.6 Cryopreservation.99
6.6.1 Rewarming.100
6.6.2 Recovery.100
6.6.3 Viability Assessment.101
References.102
6.7 Protocols.104
6.7.1 Passive Cooling Two-Step Methods.104
6.7.2 Controlled Rate Cooling Protocols.108
6.7.3 Encapsulation Dehydration Method.112
6.7.4 Viability Assessments used for Microalgae and Cyanobacteria.114
7. Cryopreservation of Bryophytes and Ferns. 117
Valerie C. Pence
7.1 Introduction.117
7.2 Bryophyte Gametophytes.118
7.3 Fern Gametophytes.120
7.4 Fern Spores.121
7.5 Fern Sporophytes and Fern Allies.122
7.6 The Future.122
References.124
7.7 Protocols.126
7.7.1 Bryophyte Gametophyte Cryopreservation—Mr. Frosty.126
7.7.2 Cryopreservation of Bryophyte Gametophytes—
Three Drying Protocols.128
xiv Contents
7.7.3 Encapsulation Dehydration of Bryophyte Gametophytes.131
7.7.4 Controlled Rate Cooling of Moss Protonemata.134
7.7.5 Encapsulation Dehydration of Fern Gametophytes.136
7.7.6 Cryopreservation of Fern Spores 1.139
7.7.7 Cryopreservation of Fern Spores 2.140
8. Cryopreservation of Dedifferentiated Cell Cultures.—. 141
Elke Heine-Dobbernack, Heiko Kiesecker and Heinz Martin Schumacher
8.1 The Use of Dedifferentiated Plant Cell Cultures.141
8.2 The Need for Cryopreservation.143
8.3 Culture Stability.144
8.4 Cryopreservation.146
8.5 Cultivation Aspects.147
8.6 Controlled Rate Cooling.149
8.6.1 Minitest Method for Evaluation of Parameters for Controlled
Rate Cooling.151
8.6.2 Determination of Cell Viability.155
8.7 Vitrification.156
8.8 Encapsulation Dehydration.157
8.9 Viability Testing.159
8.9.1 Tetrazolium (TTC) Test.159
8.9.2 Fluorescein Diacetate (FDA) Test.160
8.9.3 Evans Blue Test.161
References.161
8.10 Protocols.166
8.10.1 Controlled Rate Cooling: Simple.166
8.10.2 Controlled Rate Cooling: Preculture.168
8.10.3 PVS2 Vitrification Procedure 1.170
8.10.4 PVS2 Vitrification Procedure 2.172
8.10.5 Encapsulation Dehydration: Laminar Flow.173
8.10.6 Encapsulation Dehydration: Silica Gel.175
9. Cryopreservation of Embryogénie Cultures. 177
Maurizio Lambardi, E. Aylin Ozudogru and Carla Benelli
9.1 Introduction.177
9.1.1 Controlled Rate Cooling.179
9.1.2 Direct Immersion in Liquid Nitrogen.183
9.2 Application of Cryopreservation to Embryogénie Cultures.183
9.2.1 Developmental Stage.184
9.2.2 Preconditioning of Embryogénie Callus.185
9.2.3 Preculture.185
9.2.4 Cryoprotectants.186
9.2.5 Cooling Rates.186
9.2.6 Wanning and Rinsing.187
9.3 Genetic Stability.187
References.188
Contents xv
9.4. Protocols.195
9.4.1 Controlled Rate Cooling of Pinus pinaster Embryogénie
Cultures.195
9.4.2 Vitrification of Embryogénie Cultures of Picea mañana.197
9.4.3 Controlled Rate Cooling of Embryogénie Callus of Citrus ssp.198
9.4.4 Encapsulation Dehydration of Citrus Somatic Embryos.199
9.4.5 Controlled Rate Cooling of Banana Embryogénie Cultures.201
9.4.6 Vitrification of Aesculus hippocastanum Embryogénie Callus.202
9.4.7 Cryopreservation of Embryogénie Callus oîPrunus avium
by Dehydration.203
9.4.8 Vitrification of Embryogénie Cultures of Chestnut,
Common Oak and Cork Oak.205
9.4.9 Controlled Rate Cooling of Cyclamen persicum
Suspension Cultures.207
9.4.10 Encapsulation Dehydration and Controlled Cooling
of Embryogénie Callus of Ipomoea batatas.209
9.4.11 Controlled Cooling of Embryogénie Callus
oiSaccharum officinarum.210
10. Cryopreservation of Excised Embryos and Embryonic Axes.211
M.N. Normah and A.M. Makeen
10.1 Introduction.211
10.2 Desiccation Rate.213
10.3 Physiological Status.213
10.4 Cryopreservation.214
10.4.1 Preculture and Cryoprotectant Treatment.214
10.4.2 Cooling and Wanning Rate.215
10.4.3 Recovery.216
10.4.4 Viability Assessment.216
10.5 Summary.216
References.217
10.6 Protocols.221
10.6.1 Almond {Prunus amygdalus) Air Desiccation
Cryopreservation.221
10.6.2 Cryopreservation of Arachis (A. hypogaea
and Wild Relatives).222
10.6.3 Air-Desiccation Cryopreservation of Embryos of Chayóte
(Sechium edule).224
10.6.4 Vitrification of Embryonic Axes of Citrus macroptera.225
10.6.5 Cryopreservation of Embryonic Axes of Citrus suhuiensis
cv. Limau langkat through Desiccation.226
10.6.6 Cryopreservation of Coffee (Cqffea liberica) Embryos
through Air Desiccation.230
10.6.7 Cryopreservation of Embryonic Axes of Hazelnut
(Corylus avellana) by Air and Silica Gel Desiccation.231
xvi Contents
10.6.8 Air-Desiccation Cryopreservation of Embryonic Axes
of Neem (Azadirachta indica).234
10.6.9 Desiccation Cryopreservation of Isolated Embryos
of Olive (Olea europaea).235
10.6.10 Desiccation Cryopreservation of Embryonic Axes
of Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis).236
10.6.11 Flash Drying Tea Zygotic Embryos (Camellia sinensis).237
10.6.12 Desiccation of Zygotic Embryo Axes
of Chestnut (Castenea).239
11. Cryopreservation of Monocots. 241
Bart Panis
11.1 Introduction.241
11.2 Plant Culture.242
11.2.1 Starting material.242
11.2.2 Preconditioning and Preculture.243
11.3 Cryoprotection and Cryopreservation.244
11.3.1 Controlled Rate Cooling.245
11.3.2 Sucrose Preculture.245
11.3.3 Encapsulation Dehydration.245
11.3.4 Desiccation.245
11.3.5 Encapsulation Vitrification.246
11.3.6 Vitrification.246
11.3.7 DMSO Droplet Freezing.246
11.4Rewarming.247
11.5 Recovery and Viability Assessment.247
References.247
11.6 Protocols.252
11.6.1 Dehydration of Asparagus Axillary Buds.252
11.6.2 Droplet Freezing of Asparagus Shoot Tips.253
31.6.3 Controiled Rate Cooling of Asparagus Meristems.255
11.6.4 Cryopreservation of Orchid Shoot Primordia.256
11.6.5 Vitrification of Cymbidium Apical Meristems.258
11.6.6 Cryopreservation of Banana Meristem Clumps.260
11.6.7 Droplet Vitrification of Banana Apical Meristems.263
11.6.8 Encapsulation Dehydration of Sugarcane Apices.266
11.6.9 PVS3 Vitrification of In Vitro Garlic Meristems.268
11.6.10 Vitrification of Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Meristems.271
11.6.11 Droplet Vitrification of Taro (Colocasia esculentd).273
11.6.12 Encapsulation Vitrification of Lily Shoot Tips.276
11.6.13 Encapsulation Dehydration of Grasses
(Cynodon, Zoysia, Lolium).278
12. Cryopreservation of Herbaceous Dicots -.~_.„_.„„.„.„„„.^._„.„._ 281
E.R. Joachim Keller, Angelika Senula and Anja Kaczmarczyk
12.1 Introduction.281
Contents xvii
12.2 Cryopreservation Techniques for Herbaceous Dicots.282
12.2.1 Root and Tuber Crops.282
12.2.2 Seed-Propagated Crops.282
12.2.3 Medicinal and Aromatic Crops.283
12.2.4 Ornamental Plants.284
12.2.5 Endangered Species.285
12.3 Cryopreservation.285
12.3.1 Plant Factors.285
12.3.2 Preconditioning.289
12.3.3 Preculture.289
12.3.4 Osmoprotection.289
12.4 Cryoprotection and Cryopreservation.291
12.4.1 Controlled Rate Cooling.291
12.4.2 Vitrification.291
12.4.3 DMSO Droplet Method.292
12.4.4 Encapsulation Dehydration.292
12.5 Rewarming.292
12.6 Recovery.293
12.7 Viability Assessment.293
References.294
12.8 Protocols.302
12.8.1 Vitrification of Potato Shoot Tips.302
12.8.2 Encapsulation Dehydration of Potato Shoot Tips.304
12.8.3 DMSO Droplet Method for Potato Shoot Tips.306
12.8.4 Droplet Vitrification of Potato Shoot Tips.309
12.8.5 Gentiana Encapsulation Vitrification.311
12.8.6 Controlled Rate Cooling of Hypericum perforatum L.313
12.8.7 Encapsulation Vitrification of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea).315
12.8.8 Vitrification for Limonium Shoot Tips.318
12.8.9 Encapsulation Vitrification of Mint Shoot Tips.320
12.8.10 Vitrification of Innala {Solenostemon rotundifolius).323
12.8.11 Vitrification for Wasabi (Eutrema wasabi) Shoot Tips.325
12.8.12 Pelargonium Encapsulation Dehydration.327
12.8.13 Encapsulation Dehydration of Hop Shoot Tips.329
12.8.14 Controlled Rate Cooling of Hwnulus andMentha.331
13. Cryopreservation of Temperate Berry Crops.»-------.--------------------333
Barbara M. Reed
13.1 Introduction.333
13.2 Cryopreservation Techniques.333
13.3 Cryopreservation.334
13.3.1 Actinidia.334
13.3.2 Fragaria.335
13.3.3 Ribes.336
13.3.4 Rubus.338
13.3.5 Vaccinium.340
Contents
13.3.6 Vitis.340
13.4 Conclusions.342
References.343
13.5 Protocols.347
13.5.1 Encapsulation Dehydration of Kiwifruit (Actinidia).347
13.5.2 Vitrification of Strawberry {Fragaria) Shoot Tips.349
13.5.3 Strawberry (Fragaria) and Rubus Controlled Rate Cooling.351
13.5.4 Controlled Rate Cooling of Strawberry.354
13.5.5 Encapsulation Dehydration of Ribes.356
13.5.6 Encapsulation Dehydration and Encapsulation Vitrification
of Raspberry (ÄMOiAS idaeus).359
13.5.7 Encapsulation Dehydration of Grapevine (Vitis).362
13.5.8 Vitrification of Grape (Vitis) Shoot Tips.364
14. Cryopreservation of In Vitro Tissues of Deciduous Forest Trees. 365
Hely Häggman, Mari Rusanen and Soile Jokipii
14.1 Global Forest Resources.365
14.2 Characteristics of Forest Trees.366
14.3 Conservation Strategies for Forest Tree Resources.366
14.3.1 General Conservation Principles of Forest Trees.366
14.3.2 Why Cryopreserve Forest Tree Germplasm?.368
14.4 Cryopreservation Protocols.368
14.4.1 Controlled Rate Cooling.369
14.4.2 Vitrification.369
14.4.3 Encapsulation Dehydration.370
14.5 Long-term Storage and Genetic Fidelity.371
14.6 Conclusions.373
References.373
14.7 Protocols.377
14.7.1 Vitrification of Populus alba Shoot Tips.377
14.7.2 Controlled Rate Cooling of In Vitro Meristems
of Silver Birch.379
14.7.3 Vitrification of Axillary Buds of Silver Birch.382
14.7.4 Vitrification of Robinia pseudoacacia.385
14.7.5 Encapsulation Dehydration of Robinia pseudoacacia.386
15. Cryopreservation of Fruit and Ornamental Trees.~.~~_~._~_387
Yanhua Zhao, Yongjie Wu, Yongjian Chang and Barbara M. Reed
15.1 Introduction.387
15.2 Plant Considerations.388
15.2.1 Plant Material.388
15.2.2 Preconditioning.388
15.2.3 Preculture.392
15.3 Cryopreservation.392
15.3.1 Controlled Rate Cooling.393
15.3.2 Encapsulation Dehydration.393
Contents xix
15.3.3 Vitrification.394
15.3.4 Encapsulation Vitrification.395
15.3.5 Vitrification and Controlled Rate Cooling.396
15.4 Rewarming of Samples.396
15.5 Recovery and Regrowth.397
15.6 Viability Assessment.397
15.7 Conclusions.398
References.398
15.8 Protocols.403
15.8.1 PVS3 Vitrification of Apple Shoot Tips.403
15.8.2 Controlled Rate Cooling of In Vitro Pyrus Shoot Tips.404
15.8.3 Controlled Rate Cooling of Prunus Shoot Tips in
Modified PVS2.406
15.8.4 Vitrification oí Prunus Shoot Tips on Foil Strips.408
15.8.5 Vitrification of Prunus domestica Shoot Tips.410
15.8.6 Vitrification of Chestnut (Castanea sativa) Shoot Tips.412
15.8.7 Vitrification of Papaya (Carica papaya) Shoot Tips.414
15.8.8 Dehydration of Olive Shoot Tips.417
15.8.9 Encapsulation Dehydration of Azalea (Rhododendron).419
16. Cryopreservation of Dormant Buds._._._._._.421
L.E. Towill and D.D. Ellis
16.1 General Status and Important Factors.421
16.2 General Methodology.422
16.3 Critical Factors for Successful Cryopreservation.423
References.424
16.4 Protocols.427
16.4.1 Cryopreservation of Apple (Malus domestica)
Dormant Buds.427
16.4.2 Cryopreservation of Pear and Mulberry Dormant Buds.430
16.4.3 Controlled Rate Cooling of Silver Birch and Aspen
Dormant Buds.432
16.4.4 Cryopreservation of Willow (Salix) Dormant Buds.436
16.4.5 Vitrification of Persimmon (Diospyros) Dormant Buds.438
16.4.6 Cryopreservation of Dormant Garlic Bulbs.440
17. Cryopreservation of Pollen. 443
S. Ganeshan, P.E. Rajasekharan, S. Shashikumar and William Decruze
17.1 Introduction.443
17.2 Physiological Status.444
17.3 Protocols for Cryopreservation.444
17.3.1 Rewarming.444
17.3.2 Viability Assessment.445
17.3.3 Theoretical and Practical Considerations.445
References.445
17.4 Protocols.448
xx Contents
17.4.1 Cryopreservation of Mango Pollen (Mangifera indica).448
17.4.2 Cryopreservation of Papaya Pollen (Carica papaya
and Carica cauliflora).449
17.4.3 Cryopreservation Citrus Pollen (Citrus limon).450
17 A A Cryopreservation of Grape Pollen (Vitis vinifera,
and Vitis labrusca).452
17.4.5 Cryopreservation of Gladiolus Pollen.453
17.4.6 Cryopreservation of Rose Pollen.454
17.4.7 Cryopreservation of Asclepiadaceae Pollinia —
General procedures.455
17.4.8 Cryopreservation of Tropical Orchids.457
17.4.9 Cryopreservation of Solanaceus Species.463
17.4.10 Cryopreservation of Allium cepa Pollen.464
18. Cryopreservation of Recalcitrant (i.e. Desiccation-Sensitive) Seeds. 465
Christina Walters, James Wesley-Smith, Jennifer Crane, Lisa M. Hill,
Pawel Chmielarz, Norman W. Pammenter, and Patricia Berjak
18.1 Introduction.465
18.2 Physical Factors.468
18.3 Physiological Attributes.474
18.4 Genetic Considerations.476
18.5 Practical Aspects of Recalcitrant Seed Storage.477
18.5.1 Plant Information and Seed Handling.477
18.5.2 How to Identify Storage Behavior.478
References.479
18.6 Protocols for Working with Recalcitrant Seeds.482
18.6.1 How to Dry Seeds and Measure Water Status.482
18.6.2 How to Cool Seed Tissues to Liquid Nitrogen Temperatures.483
18.6.3 How to Recover Seed Tissues from Liquid Nitrogen.484
19. Cryopreservation of Orthodox (Desiccation Tolerant) Seeds-------------485
Hugh W. Pritchard and Jayanthi Nadarajan
19.1 Introduction.485
19.2 The Latent Life of Dry Seeds.486
19.3 Moisture Content.488
19.4 Repeated Cooling and Storage Temperature.489
19.5 Recovery.490
19.6 The Future.490
References.491
19.7 Protocols.495
19.7.1 General Seed Cryopreservation.495
19.7.2 Cryopreservation of Australian Wild Citrus Seed.496
19.7.3 Manipulation of Seed Moisture Content.497
19.7.4 Determination of the Unfrozen Water Content.499
19.7.5 Seed Rehydration and Heating Based on Lipid
Melting Characteristics.501
Index--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------503 |
| adam_txt |
Contents
Preface.vii
Section I: Introduction to Cryopreservation._._._._._. 1
1. Cryopreservation—Practical Considerations._._._.3
Barbara M. Reed
1.1 Introduction.3
1.2 Planning for a Liquid Nitrogen Stored Collection.4
1.2.1 Plant Materials.4
1.2.2 Storage Records.5
1.2.3 Storage Form.7
1.2.4 How Many to Store.7
1.2.5 Protocol Testing.8
1.2.6 Storage Controls.9
1.2.7 Recovery.9
1.3 Standard Protocols.10
1.4 Conclusions.11
References.11
2. Cryopreservation Theory.—._.—._.—. 15
Erica E. Benson
2.1 Introduction.15
2.2 The Biological Chemistry of Water.15
2.3 Thermal Properties of Water and Ice.17
2.3.1 Ice Nucleation.17
2.3.2 Controlled Rate Cooling.20
2.4 Vitrification: The Glassy State.21
2.5 Water State Transitions and Instabilities.22
2.6 Cryoprotection.23
2.6.1 Biophysical Aspects of Natural Freezing Tolerance.23
2.6.2 Aspects of Natural Freeze Tolerance.24
2.6.3 Artificial Cryoprotection.25
2.7 New and Retrospective Insights in Cryoprotection.27
References.30
XI
xii Contents
3. Development of PVS-Based Vitrification and Encapsulation-Vitrification
Protocols.—.—._.—.—.—.33
Akira Sakai, Dai Hirai and Takao Niino
3.1 Introduction.33
3.2 The Concept of Vitrification.34
3.3 Vitrification Procedure.35
3.4 Preconditioning.38
3.5 Preculture.41
3.5.1 Herbaceous Plants.41
3.5.2 Woody Plants.41
3.5.3 Tropical Plants.43
3.6 Osmoprotection (Loading Treatment).43
3.7 Exposure Time to PVS2.44
3.8Regrowth.46
3.9 Encapsulation Vitrification.47
3.10 A Personal View of the Development of PVS2 by Akira Sakai.48
3.10.1 The Ultimate Goal—Storing Tropical Plants.48
3.10.2 The Core of the Technology Development.48
3.10.3 Success with Vitrification of Tropical Plants.50
3.10.4 Fifteen Years of Research.50
References.51
4. Development of Encapsulation Dehydration. 59
Florent Engelmann, Maria-Teresa Gonzalez Arnao, Yongjie Wu
and Roosevelt Escobar
4.1 Introduction.59
4.2 Successive Steps of the Protocol.62
4.2.1 Physiological Status of the Plant Material.62
4.2.2 Preconditioning.63
4.2.3 Preculture.63
4.2.4 Encapsulation.64
4.2.5 Osmoprotection.64
4.2.6 Dehydration.65
4.2.7 Cryopreservation.65
4.2.8 Rewarming.66
4.2.9 Recovery.66
4.2.10 Viability Assessment.67
4.3 Current Development and use of Encapsulation Dehydration.67
4.4 Genetic Stability.68
4.5 Conclusions.68
References.68
5. Controlled Rate Cooling_77
Barbara M. Reed and Esther Uchendu
5.1 Basic concepts of controlled rate cooling.77
5.2 Preconditioning.78
Contents xiii
5.2.1 Cold Acclimation.78
5.2.2 In Vitro Culture.80
5.2.3 Abscisic Acid.80
5.3 Preculture.82
5.4 Cryoprotection.83
5.4.1 Single Chemicals.83
5.4.2 Chemical Combinations.84
5.5 Cooling.84
5.6 Warming.85
5.7 Recovery and Viability Assessment.86
5.8 Summary of the Basic Protocol.87
References.88
Section II. Cryopreservation Protocols for Working Laboratories._._93
6. Cryopreservation of Algae.95
John G. Day and Keith Harding
6.1 Algae.95
6.2 Physiological Status.96
6.3 Preconditioning.96
6.4 Preculture.97
6.5 Cryoprotection.98
6.6 Cryopreservation.99
6.6.1 Rewarming.100
6.6.2 Recovery.100
6.6.3 Viability Assessment.101
References.102
6.7 Protocols.104
6.7.1 Passive Cooling Two-Step Methods.104
6.7.2 Controlled Rate Cooling Protocols.108
6.7.3 Encapsulation Dehydration Method.112
6.7.4 Viability Assessments used for Microalgae and Cyanobacteria.114
7. Cryopreservation of Bryophytes and Ferns. 117
Valerie C. Pence
7.1 Introduction.117
7.2 Bryophyte Gametophytes.118
7.3 Fern Gametophytes.120
7.4 Fern Spores.121
7.5 Fern Sporophytes and Fern Allies.122
7.6 The Future.122
References.124
7.7 Protocols.126
7.7.1 Bryophyte Gametophyte Cryopreservation—Mr. Frosty.126
7.7.2 Cryopreservation of Bryophyte Gametophytes—
Three Drying Protocols.128
xiv Contents
7.7.3 Encapsulation Dehydration of Bryophyte Gametophytes.131
7.7.4 Controlled Rate Cooling of Moss Protonemata.134
7.7.5 Encapsulation Dehydration of Fern Gametophytes.136
7.7.6 Cryopreservation of Fern Spores 1.139
7.7.7 Cryopreservation of Fern Spores 2.140
8. Cryopreservation of Dedifferentiated Cell Cultures.—. 141
Elke Heine-Dobbernack, Heiko Kiesecker and Heinz Martin Schumacher
8.1 The Use of Dedifferentiated Plant Cell Cultures.141
8.2 The Need for Cryopreservation.143
8.3 Culture Stability.144
8.4 Cryopreservation.146
8.5 Cultivation Aspects.147
8.6 Controlled Rate Cooling.149
8.6.1 Minitest Method for Evaluation of Parameters for Controlled
Rate Cooling.151
8.6.2 Determination of Cell Viability.155
8.7 Vitrification.156
8.8 Encapsulation Dehydration.157
8.9 Viability Testing.159
8.9.1 Tetrazolium (TTC) Test.159
8.9.2 Fluorescein Diacetate (FDA) Test.160
8.9.3 Evans Blue Test.161
References.161
8.10 Protocols.166
8.10.1 Controlled Rate Cooling: Simple.166
8.10.2 Controlled Rate Cooling: Preculture.168
8.10.3 PVS2 Vitrification Procedure 1.170
8.10.4 PVS2 Vitrification Procedure 2.172
8.10.5 Encapsulation Dehydration: Laminar Flow.173
8.10.6 Encapsulation Dehydration: Silica Gel.175
9. Cryopreservation of Embryogénie Cultures. 177
Maurizio Lambardi, E. Aylin Ozudogru and Carla Benelli
9.1 Introduction.177
9.1.1 Controlled Rate Cooling.179
9.1.2 Direct Immersion in Liquid Nitrogen.183
9.2 Application of Cryopreservation to Embryogénie Cultures.183
9.2.1 Developmental Stage.184
9.2.2 Preconditioning of Embryogénie Callus.185
9.2.3 Preculture.185
9.2.4 Cryoprotectants.186
9.2.5 Cooling Rates.186
9.2.6 Wanning and Rinsing.187
9.3 Genetic Stability.187
References.188
Contents xv
9.4. Protocols.195
9.4.1 Controlled Rate Cooling of Pinus pinaster Embryogénie
Cultures.195
9.4.2 Vitrification of Embryogénie Cultures of Picea mañana.197
9.4.3 Controlled Rate Cooling of Embryogénie Callus of Citrus ssp.198
9.4.4 Encapsulation Dehydration of Citrus Somatic Embryos.199
9.4.5 Controlled Rate Cooling of Banana Embryogénie Cultures.201
9.4.6 Vitrification of Aesculus hippocastanum Embryogénie Callus.202
9.4.7 Cryopreservation of Embryogénie Callus oîPrunus avium
by Dehydration.203
9.4.8 Vitrification of Embryogénie Cultures of Chestnut,
Common Oak and Cork Oak.205
9.4.9 Controlled Rate Cooling of Cyclamen persicum
Suspension Cultures.207
9.4.10 Encapsulation Dehydration and Controlled Cooling
of Embryogénie Callus of Ipomoea batatas.209
9.4.11 Controlled Cooling of Embryogénie Callus
oiSaccharum officinarum.210
10. Cryopreservation of Excised Embryos and Embryonic Axes.211
M.N. Normah and A.M. Makeen
10.1 Introduction.211
10.2 Desiccation Rate.213
10.3 Physiological Status.213
10.4 Cryopreservation.214
10.4.1 Preculture and Cryoprotectant Treatment.214
10.4.2 Cooling and Wanning Rate.215
10.4.3 Recovery.216
10.4.4 Viability Assessment.216
10.5 Summary.216
References.217
10.6 Protocols.221
10.6.1 Almond {Prunus amygdalus) Air Desiccation
Cryopreservation.221
10.6.2 Cryopreservation of Arachis (A. hypogaea
and Wild Relatives).222
10.6.3 Air-Desiccation Cryopreservation of Embryos of Chayóte
(Sechium edule).224
10.6.4 Vitrification of Embryonic Axes of Citrus macroptera.225
10.6.5 Cryopreservation of Embryonic Axes of Citrus suhuiensis
cv. Limau langkat through Desiccation.226
10.6.6 Cryopreservation of Coffee (Cqffea liberica) Embryos
through Air Desiccation.230
10.6.7 Cryopreservation of Embryonic Axes of Hazelnut
(Corylus avellana) by Air and Silica Gel Desiccation.231
xvi Contents
10.6.8 Air-Desiccation Cryopreservation of Embryonic Axes
of Neem (Azadirachta indica).234
10.6.9 Desiccation Cryopreservation of Isolated Embryos
of Olive (Olea europaea).235
10.6.10 Desiccation Cryopreservation of Embryonic Axes
of Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis).236
10.6.11 Flash Drying Tea Zygotic Embryos (Camellia sinensis).237
10.6.12 Desiccation of Zygotic Embryo Axes
of Chestnut (Castenea).239
11. Cryopreservation of Monocots. 241
Bart Panis
11.1 Introduction.241
11.2 Plant Culture.242
11.2.1 Starting material.242
11.2.2 Preconditioning and Preculture.243
11.3 Cryoprotection and Cryopreservation.244
11.3.1 Controlled Rate Cooling.245
11.3.2 Sucrose Preculture.245
11.3.3 Encapsulation Dehydration.245
11.3.4 Desiccation.245
11.3.5 Encapsulation Vitrification.246
11.3.6 Vitrification.246
11.3.7 DMSO Droplet Freezing.246
11.4Rewarming.247
11.5 Recovery and Viability Assessment.247
References.247
11.6 Protocols.252
11.6.1 Dehydration of Asparagus Axillary Buds.252
11.6.2 Droplet Freezing of Asparagus Shoot Tips.253
31.6.3 Controiled Rate Cooling of Asparagus Meristems.255
11.6.4 Cryopreservation of Orchid Shoot Primordia.256
11.6.5 Vitrification of Cymbidium Apical Meristems.258
11.6.6 Cryopreservation of Banana Meristem Clumps.260
11.6.7 Droplet Vitrification of Banana Apical Meristems.263
11.6.8 Encapsulation Dehydration of Sugarcane Apices.266
11.6.9 PVS3 Vitrification of In Vitro Garlic Meristems.268
11.6.10 Vitrification of Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Meristems.271
11.6.11 Droplet Vitrification of Taro (Colocasia esculentd).273
11.6.12 Encapsulation Vitrification of Lily Shoot Tips.276
11.6.13 Encapsulation Dehydration of Grasses
(Cynodon, Zoysia, Lolium).278
12. Cryopreservation of Herbaceous Dicots -.~_.„_.„„.„.„„„.^._„.„._ 281
E.R. Joachim Keller, Angelika Senula and Anja Kaczmarczyk
12.1 Introduction.281
Contents xvii
12.2 Cryopreservation Techniques for Herbaceous Dicots.282
12.2.1 Root and Tuber Crops.282
12.2.2 Seed-Propagated Crops.282
12.2.3 Medicinal and Aromatic Crops.283
12.2.4 Ornamental Plants.284
12.2.5 Endangered Species.285
12.3 Cryopreservation.285
12.3.1 Plant Factors.285
12.3.2 Preconditioning.289
12.3.3 Preculture.289
12.3.4 Osmoprotection.289
12.4 Cryoprotection and Cryopreservation.291
12.4.1 Controlled Rate Cooling.291
12.4.2 Vitrification.291
12.4.3 DMSO Droplet Method.292
12.4.4 Encapsulation Dehydration.292
12.5 Rewarming.292
12.6 Recovery.293
12.7 Viability Assessment.293
References.294
12.8 Protocols.302
12.8.1 Vitrification of Potato Shoot Tips.302
12.8.2 Encapsulation Dehydration of Potato Shoot Tips.304
12.8.3 DMSO Droplet Method for Potato Shoot Tips.306
12.8.4 Droplet Vitrification of Potato Shoot Tips.309
12.8.5 Gentiana Encapsulation Vitrification.311
12.8.6 Controlled Rate Cooling of Hypericum perforatum L.313
12.8.7 Encapsulation Vitrification of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea).315
12.8.8 Vitrification for Limonium Shoot Tips.318
12.8.9 Encapsulation Vitrification of Mint Shoot Tips.320
12.8.10 Vitrification of Innala {Solenostemon rotundifolius).323
12.8.11 Vitrification for Wasabi (Eutrema wasabi) Shoot Tips.325
12.8.12 Pelargonium Encapsulation Dehydration.327
12.8.13 Encapsulation Dehydration of Hop Shoot Tips.329
12.8.14 Controlled Rate Cooling of Hwnulus andMentha.331
13. Cryopreservation of Temperate Berry Crops.»-------.--------------------333
Barbara M. Reed
13.1 Introduction.333
13.2 Cryopreservation Techniques.333
13.3 Cryopreservation.334
13.3.1 Actinidia.334
13.3.2 Fragaria.335
13.3.3 Ribes.336
13.3.4 Rubus.338
13.3.5 Vaccinium.340
Contents
13.3.6 Vitis.340
13.4 Conclusions.342
References.343
13.5 Protocols.347
13.5.1 Encapsulation Dehydration of Kiwifruit (Actinidia).347
13.5.2 Vitrification of Strawberry {Fragaria) Shoot Tips.349
13.5.3 Strawberry (Fragaria) and Rubus Controlled Rate Cooling.351
13.5.4 Controlled Rate Cooling of Strawberry.354
13.5.5 Encapsulation Dehydration of Ribes.356
13.5.6 Encapsulation Dehydration and Encapsulation Vitrification
of Raspberry (ÄMOiAS idaeus).359
13.5.7 Encapsulation Dehydration of Grapevine (Vitis).362
13.5.8 Vitrification of Grape (Vitis) Shoot Tips.364
14. Cryopreservation of In Vitro Tissues of Deciduous Forest Trees. 365
Hely Häggman, Mari Rusanen and Soile Jokipii
14.1 Global Forest Resources.365
14.2 Characteristics of Forest Trees.366
14.3 Conservation Strategies for Forest Tree Resources.366
14.3.1 General Conservation Principles of Forest Trees.366
14.3.2 Why Cryopreserve Forest Tree Germplasm?.368
14.4 Cryopreservation Protocols.368
14.4.1 Controlled Rate Cooling.369
14.4.2 Vitrification.369
14.4.3 Encapsulation Dehydration.370
14.5 Long-term Storage and Genetic Fidelity.371
14.6 Conclusions.373
References.373
14.7 Protocols.377
14.7.1 Vitrification of Populus alba Shoot Tips.377
14.7.2 Controlled Rate Cooling of In Vitro Meristems
of Silver Birch.379
14.7.3 Vitrification of Axillary Buds of Silver Birch.382
14.7.4 Vitrification of Robinia pseudoacacia.385
14.7.5 Encapsulation Dehydration of Robinia pseudoacacia.386
15. Cryopreservation of Fruit and Ornamental Trees.~.~~_~._~_387
Yanhua Zhao, Yongjie Wu, Yongjian Chang and Barbara M. Reed
15.1 Introduction.387
15.2 Plant Considerations.388
15.2.1 Plant Material.388
15.2.2 Preconditioning.388
15.2.3 Preculture.392
15.3 Cryopreservation.392
15.3.1 Controlled Rate Cooling.393
15.3.2 Encapsulation Dehydration.393
Contents xix
15.3.3 Vitrification.394
15.3.4 Encapsulation Vitrification.395
15.3.5 Vitrification and Controlled Rate Cooling.396
15.4 Rewarming of Samples.396
15.5 Recovery and Regrowth.397
15.6 Viability Assessment.397
15.7 Conclusions.398
References.398
15.8 Protocols.403
15.8.1 PVS3 Vitrification of Apple Shoot Tips.403
15.8.2 Controlled Rate Cooling of In Vitro Pyrus Shoot Tips.404
15.8.3 Controlled Rate Cooling of Prunus Shoot Tips in
Modified PVS2.406
15.8.4 Vitrification oí Prunus Shoot Tips on Foil Strips.408
15.8.5 Vitrification of Prunus domestica Shoot Tips.410
15.8.6 Vitrification of Chestnut (Castanea sativa) Shoot Tips.412
15.8.7 Vitrification of Papaya (Carica papaya) Shoot Tips.414
15.8.8 Dehydration of Olive Shoot Tips.417
15.8.9 Encapsulation Dehydration of Azalea (Rhododendron).419
16. Cryopreservation of Dormant Buds._._._._._.421
L.E. Towill and D.D. Ellis
16.1 General Status and Important Factors.421
16.2 General Methodology.422
16.3 Critical Factors for Successful Cryopreservation.423
References.424
16.4 Protocols.427
16.4.1 Cryopreservation of Apple (Malus domestica)
Dormant Buds.427
16.4.2 Cryopreservation of Pear and Mulberry Dormant Buds.430
16.4.3 Controlled Rate Cooling of Silver Birch and Aspen
Dormant Buds.432
16.4.4 Cryopreservation of Willow (Salix) Dormant Buds.436
16.4.5 Vitrification of Persimmon (Diospyros) Dormant Buds.438
16.4.6 Cryopreservation of Dormant Garlic Bulbs.440
17. Cryopreservation of Pollen. 443
S. Ganeshan, P.E. Rajasekharan, S. Shashikumar and William Decruze
17.1 Introduction.443
17.2 Physiological Status.444
17.3 Protocols for Cryopreservation.444
17.3.1 Rewarming.444
17.3.2 Viability Assessment.445
17.3.3 Theoretical and Practical Considerations.445
References.445
17.4 Protocols.448
xx Contents
17.4.1 Cryopreservation of Mango Pollen (Mangifera indica).448
17.4.2 Cryopreservation of Papaya Pollen (Carica papaya
and Carica cauliflora).449
17.4.3 Cryopreservation Citrus Pollen (Citrus limon).450
17 A A Cryopreservation of Grape Pollen (Vitis vinifera,
and Vitis labrusca).452
17.4.5 Cryopreservation of Gladiolus Pollen.453
17.4.6 Cryopreservation of Rose Pollen.454
17.4.7 Cryopreservation of Asclepiadaceae Pollinia —
General procedures.455
17.4.8 Cryopreservation of Tropical Orchids.457
17.4.9 Cryopreservation of Solanaceus Species.463
17.4.10 Cryopreservation of Allium cepa Pollen.464
18. Cryopreservation of Recalcitrant (i.e. Desiccation-Sensitive) Seeds. 465
Christina Walters, James Wesley-Smith, Jennifer Crane, Lisa M. Hill,
Pawel Chmielarz, Norman W. Pammenter, and Patricia Berjak
18.1 Introduction.465
18.2 Physical Factors.468
18.3 Physiological Attributes.474
18.4 Genetic Considerations.476
18.5 Practical Aspects of Recalcitrant Seed Storage.477
18.5.1 Plant Information and Seed Handling.477
18.5.2 How to Identify Storage Behavior.478
References.479
18.6 Protocols for Working with Recalcitrant Seeds.482
18.6.1 How to Dry Seeds and Measure Water Status.482
18.6.2 How to Cool Seed Tissues to Liquid Nitrogen Temperatures.483
18.6.3 How to Recover Seed Tissues from Liquid Nitrogen.484
19. Cryopreservation of Orthodox (Desiccation Tolerant) Seeds-------------485
Hugh W. Pritchard and Jayanthi Nadarajan
19.1 Introduction.485
19.2 The Latent Life of Dry Seeds.486
19.3 Moisture Content.488
19.4 Repeated Cooling and Storage Temperature.489
19.5 Recovery.490
19.6 The Future.490
References.491
19.7 Protocols.495
19.7.1 General Seed Cryopreservation.495
19.7.2 Cryopreservation of Australian Wild Citrus Seed.496
19.7.3 Manipulation of Seed Moisture Content.497
19.7.4 Determination of the Unfrozen Water Content.499
19.7.5 Seed Rehydration and Heating Based on Lipid
Melting Characteristics.501
Index--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------503 |
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| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV023247589 |
| callnumber-first | Q - Science |
| callnumber-label | QH324 |
| callnumber-raw | QH324.9.C7 |
| callnumber-search | QH324.9.C7 |
| callnumber-sort | QH 3324.9 C7 |
| callnumber-subject | QH - Natural History and Biology |
| classification_rvk | WC 2200 WN 5200 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)166358094 (DE-599)DNB983678138 |
| dewey-full | 570.28 580.75/2 |
| dewey-hundreds | 500 - Natural sciences and mathematics |
| dewey-ones | 570 - Biology 580 - Plants |
| dewey-raw | 570.28 580.75/2 |
| dewey-search | 570.28 580.75/2 |
| dewey-sort | 3570.28 |
| dewey-tens | 570 - Biology 580 - Plants |
| discipline | Biologie |
| discipline_str_mv | Biologie |
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| id | DE-604.BV023247589 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T20:26:34Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-20T09:37:04Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780387722757 0387722750 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 2007935104 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016433020 |
| oclc_num | 166358094 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-703 DE-11 |
| owner_facet | DE-703 DE-11 |
| physical | xxix, 513 p. ill. 25 cm |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSearch | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Plant cryopreservation a practical guide editor, Barbara M. Reed New York Springer c2008 xxix, 513 p. ill. 25 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Cryoconservation des organes, tissus, etc Plantes - Cellules et tissus - Cryoconservation Plantes - Ressources génétiques - Cryoconservation Cryopreservation of organs, tissues, etc Germplasm resources, Plant Cryopreservation Plant cells and tissues Cryopreservation Pflanzenzelle (DE-588)4115551-8 gnd rswk-swf Kryofixierung (DE-588)4132824-3 gnd rswk-swf Pflanzengewebe (DE-588)4174061-0 gnd rswk-swf Kryofixierung (DE-588)4132824-3 s Pflanzenzelle (DE-588)4115551-8 s DE-604 Pflanzengewebe (DE-588)4174061-0 s Reed, Barbara M. Sonstige oth text/html http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2937037&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm Inhaltstext HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016433020&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Plant cryopreservation a practical guide Cryoconservation des organes, tissus, etc Plantes - Cellules et tissus - Cryoconservation Plantes - Ressources génétiques - Cryoconservation Cryopreservation of organs, tissues, etc Germplasm resources, Plant Cryopreservation Plant cells and tissues Cryopreservation Pflanzenzelle (DE-588)4115551-8 gnd Kryofixierung (DE-588)4132824-3 gnd Pflanzengewebe (DE-588)4174061-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4115551-8 (DE-588)4132824-3 (DE-588)4174061-0 |
| title | Plant cryopreservation a practical guide |
| title_auth | Plant cryopreservation a practical guide |
| title_exact_search | Plant cryopreservation a practical guide |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Plant cryopreservation a practical guide |
| title_full | Plant cryopreservation a practical guide editor, Barbara M. Reed |
| title_fullStr | Plant cryopreservation a practical guide editor, Barbara M. Reed |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plant cryopreservation a practical guide editor, Barbara M. Reed |
| title_short | Plant cryopreservation |
| title_sort | plant cryopreservation a practical guide |
| title_sub | a practical guide |
| topic | Cryoconservation des organes, tissus, etc Plantes - Cellules et tissus - Cryoconservation Plantes - Ressources génétiques - Cryoconservation Cryopreservation of organs, tissues, etc Germplasm resources, Plant Cryopreservation Plant cells and tissues Cryopreservation Pflanzenzelle (DE-588)4115551-8 gnd Kryofixierung (DE-588)4132824-3 gnd Pflanzengewebe (DE-588)4174061-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Cryoconservation des organes, tissus, etc Plantes - Cellules et tissus - Cryoconservation Plantes - Ressources génétiques - Cryoconservation Cryopreservation of organs, tissues, etc Germplasm resources, Plant Cryopreservation Plant cells and tissues Cryopreservation Pflanzenzelle Kryofixierung Pflanzengewebe |
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