Corporate Law in Germany:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | German English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
München
Beck
2010
|
| Ausgabe: | rev. 2. ed. |
| Schriftenreihe: | German Law Accessible
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVI, 582 S. |
| ISBN: | 9783406572838 3406572839 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text |
IMAGE 1
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 1
PART 1: INTRODUCTION TO LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY LAW AND STOCK
CORPORATION LAW 3
A. THE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY 3
I. INTRODUCTION 3
II. FORMATION 4
III. LEGAL POSITION OF THE SHAREHOLDERS 19
IV. TRANSFER OF SHARES 29
V. SHAREHOLDER MEETING 31
VI. MANAGEMENT OF THE COMPANY 38
VII. SUPERVISORY BOARD AND CODETERMINATION 48
VIII. FINANCIAL SYSTEM 52
IX. DISSOLUTION AND LIQUIDATION OF THE COMPANY 66
X. LIMITED PARTNERSHIP WITH A GMBH AS THE PERSONALLY LIABLE SHAREHOLDER
(GMBH&CO.KG) .' 68
B. STOCK CORPORATION 71
I. INTRODUCTION 71
II. OVERVIEW 72
III. FORMATION 76
IV. LEGAL POSITION OF THE SHAREHOLDERS 89
V. CONSTITUTION OF THE AG 98
VI. FINANCIAL SYSTEM 170
VII. DISSOLUTION AND LIQUIDATION OF THE COMPANY 197
VIII. ACCOUNTING 201
IX. GROUP OF COMPANIES 207
X. LISTED COMPANIES 218
C. TAXATION OF GERMAN LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES AND STOCK CORPORATIONS
227
I. INCOME TAXES 227
II. OTHER TAXES 229
PART 2: RELEVANT STATUTES 231
A. LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY ACT 231
B. STOCK CORPORATION ACT 294
APPENDIX 1: COMPARISON BETWEEN THE LEGAL FORMS OF AN AG AND A GMBH .
559 APPENDIX 2: GLOSSARY 569
BIBLIOGRAFISCHE INFORMATIONEN HTTP://D-NB.INFO/986947474
DIGITALISIERT DURCH
IMAGE 2
DETAILED TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 1
PART 1: INTRODUCTION TO LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY LAW AND STOCK
CORPORATION LAW 3
A. THE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY 3
I. INTRODUCTION 3
1. THE SIGNIFICANCE OF LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES IN THE GERMAN
BUSINESS WORLD 3
2. STRUCTURE AND CORPORATE BODIES OF THE GMBH 3
II. FORMATION 4
1. STEPS OF FORMATION 4
A) OVERVIEW 4
B) ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION 5
AA) EXECUTION 5
BB) SHAREHOLDERS 6
CC) CONTENTS 6
C) APPOINTMENT OF MANAGING DIRECTORS 7
D) THE RAISING OF CAPITAL (CASH FORMATION/FORMATION THROUGH
CONTRIBUTIONS IN KIND) 7
AA) CASH FORMATION 7
BB) FORMATION THROUGH CONTRIBUTIONS IN KIND 8
E) APPLICATION WITH THE COMMERCIAL REGISTER 9
AA) GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 9
BB) SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS IN CASE OF CONTRIBUTIONS INKIND 10
CC) LIABILITY FOR FALSE INFORMATION 10
F) EXAMINATION BY THE REGISTER COURT 11
G) REGISTRATION 11
2. SINGLE-SHAREHOLDER FORMATION 12
3. NOMINEE FORMATION 12
4. SIMPLIFIED FORMATION PROCEEDINGS 12
5. FORMATION OF AN ENTREPRENEUR COMPANY (LTG) 13
6. SHELF COMPANIES 13
7. HIDDEN CONTRIBUTIONS IN KIND 14
8. PRE-REGISTERED COMPANY 16
A) LEGAL NATURE 16
B) INTERNAL RELATIONS 16
C) EXTERNAL RELATIONS 16
D) LIABILITY OF THE COMPANY AND THE SHAREHOLDERS 16 E) LIABILITY OF THE
PERSONS ACTING 17
F) PRINCIPLES REGARDING DEFECTIVE COMPANIES 17
9. OVERVIEW: THE FORMATION OF A GMBH 18
III. LEGAL POSITION OF THE SHAREHOLDERS 19
1. MEMBERSHIP RIGHTS AND MEMBERSHIP DUTIES 19
2. MEMBERSHIP RIGHTS 20
A) DISTINCTION BETWEEN MEMBERSHIP RIGHTS AND SPECIAL RIGHTS 20
B) RIGHT TO INFORMATION AND RIGHT OF INSPECTION 20
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VIM DETAILEDTABLE OF CONTENTS
C) SHAREHOLDER LAWSUIT 21
3. MEMBERSHIP DUTIES 22
A) DUTY TO RENDER CONTRIBUTIONS 22
B) ANCILLARY DUTIES 24
C) DUTY TO RENDER ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTIONS 24
D) FIDUCIARY DUTY PURSUANT TO CORPORATE LAW 24
E) NON-COMPETE OBLIGATIONS 25
F) THE REQUIREMENT OF EQUAL TREATMENT 25
4. LIABILITY OF A SHAREHOLDER OF A LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY . . 26 A)
GENERALLY NO SHAREHOLDER LIABILITY 26
B) CONTRACTUAL SHAREHOLDER LIABILITY 26
C) CAPITAL PRESERVATION 26
D) INSOLVENCY LAW LIABILITY 26
E) DESTRUCTION OF THE ECONOMIC BASIS OF THE COMPANY 27 F) OTHER
EXEMPTIONS 27
5. REDEMPTION OF A SHARE 28
6. WITHDRAWAL AND EXPULSION OF A SHAREHOLDER 29
RV. TRANSFER OF SHARES 29
1. DISPOSAL AND TRANSFER OF THE SHARES 29
2. NOTARIAL FORM 29
3. RESTRICTION ON TRANSFERABILITY 30
4. NOTIFICATION OF THE COMPANY 31
V. SHAREHOLDER MEETING 31
1. COMPETENCE OF THE SHAREHOLDER MEETING 31
2. THE CONVENING OF A SHAREHOLDER MEETING 32
3. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SHAREHOLDER MEETING 33
4. VOTING AND SHAREHOLDER RESOLUTIONS 34
5. EXCLUSION OF VOTING RIGHTS 35
6. NULLITY OF SHAREHOLDER RESOLUTIONS AND ACTION TO SET ASIDE
RESOLUTIONS 35
7. OVERVIEW: IMPORTANT (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS 36 VI. MANAGEMENT
OF THE COMPANY 38
1. MANAGEMENT AND REPRESENTATION OF THE COMPANY 38 A) MANAGEMENT BY
MANAGING DIRECTORS 38
B) DUTIES OF THE MANAGING DIRECTORS 39
C) AUTHORITY OF THE MANAGING DIRECTORS TO REPRESENT THE COMPANY 39
D) RESTRICTIONS IN INTERNAL RELATIONS 40
2. APPOINTMENT AND DISMISSAL OF THE MANAGING DIRECTORS 41 A) PERSONAL
REQUIREMENTS FOR APPOINTMENT AS MANAGING DIRECTOR 41
B) CORPORATE ACT OF APPOINTMENT 42
C) DISMISSAL 42
3. SERVICE CONTRACTS WITH MANAGING DIRECTORS 43
A) LEGAL NATURE OF THE SERVICE CONTRACT 43
B) PARTIES TO THE SERVICE CONTRACT 43
C) FORM AND CONTENT OF THE SERVICE CONTRACT 43
D) TERMINATION OF THE SERVICE CONTRACT 45
4. LIABILITY OF THE MANAGING DIRECTOR 46
A) PREREQUISITES OF THE LIABILITY OF THE MANAGING DIRECTOR . . 46 B)
CONSEQUENCES OF THE LIABILITY OF THE MANAGING DIRECTOR . 48 C)
THIRD-PARTY CLAIMS 48
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DETAMEDTABLE OF CONTENTS IX
VII. SUPERVISORY BOARD AND CODETERMINATION 48
1. OVERVIEW 48
2. THE OPTIONAL SUPERVISORY BOARD 49
3. ADVISORY BOARD 50
4. SUPERVISORY BOARD ACCORDING TO ONE-THIRD PARTICIPATION ACT 50
5. SUPERVISORY BOARD ACCORDING TO CODETERMINATION ACT 51 VIII. FINANCIAL
SYSTEM 52
1. BOOKKEEPING AND ACCOUNTING 52
A) OVERVIEW 52
B) ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 52
C) PREPARATION OF THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 53 D) AUDIT OF THE
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 54
E) FORMAL APPROVAL OF THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS . . . 54 2.
ALLOCATION OF THE ANNUAL NET INCOME 55
A) RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN THE PROFITS AND RIGHT TO THE DISTRIBUTION OF
PROFITS 55
B) CALCULATION 55
C) PROVISIONS OF THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION 56
3. THE MAINTENANCE OF THE REGISTERED SHARE CAPITAL 56 A) INTRODUCTION 56
B) RESTRICTIONS ON PAYMENTS OF CAPITAL TO SHAREHOLDERS 57 C) EXCEPTIONS
TO THE PROHIBITION AGAINST REFUNDING OF CONTRIBUTIONS 59
D) ACQUISITION OF COMPANY'S OWN SHARES 60
E) SHAREHOLDER LOANS 60
4. INCREASE OF THE REGISTERED SHARE CAPITAL 62
A) OVERVIEW 62
B) ORDINARY CAPITAL INCREASE 62
C) CAPITAL INCREASE FROM COMPANY RESOURCES 63
D) CAPITAL INCREASE FROM AUTHORIZED CAPITAL 64
5. REDUCTION OF THE REGISTERED SHARE CAPITAL 65
IX. DISSOLUTION AND LIQUIDATION OF THE COMPANY 66
1. OVERVIEW 66
2. DISSOLUTION AND GROUNDS FOR DISSOLUTION 66
3. LIQUIDATION 68
4. COMPLETION OF LIQUIDATION 68
X. LIMITED PARTNERSHIP WITH A GMBH AS THE PERSONALLY LIABLE SHAREHOLDER
(GMBH &CO.KG) 68
1. DEFINITION 68
2. LEGAL PARTICULARITIES 69
3. THE LEGAL POSITION OF THE GENERAL PARTNER GMBH 69
4. CODETERMINATION 70
B. STOCK CORPORATION 71
I. INTRODUCTION 71
1. THE SIGNIFICANCE OF AGS IN THE GERMAN BUSINESS WORLD 71 2. STRUCTURE
AND LEGAL BODIES OF THE COMPANY 71
II. OVERVIEW 72
1. THE AG 72
2. THE SHARE 73
A) FRACTION OF THE REGISTERED SHARE CAPITAL 73
B) RIGHT OF MEMBERSHIP 74
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DETAILEDTABLE OF CONTENTS
C) SHARE CERTIFICATES 75
3. OTHER SECURITIES GOVERNED BY CORPORATE LAW 75
4. PROTECTION OF SHAREHOLDERS IN A STOCK CORPORATION 75 III. FORMATION
76
1. STEPS OF FORMATION AND STAGES OF THE COMPANY DURING THE FORMATION
PROCESS 76
A) OVERVIEW 76
B) SUBSCRIPTION TO SHARES 78
C) APPOINTMENT OF THE FORMATION BODIES 78
D) FORMATION REPORT 79
E) RAISING OF THE REGISTERED SHARE CAPITAL 79
F) FORMATION AUDIT 81
G) APPLICATION FOR REGISTRATION IN THE COMMERCIAL REGISTER 82
H) INSPECTION BY THE REGISTER COURT 83
I) REGISTRATION AND NOTIFICATION 83
2. POST-FORMATION ACQUISITIONS 84
3. THE PRE-REGISTERED COMPANY 85
4. DEFECTS RELATING TO FORMATION 86
5. OVERVIEW: THE FORMATION OF A STOCK CORPORATION 87
IV. LEGAL POSITION OF THE SHAREHOLDERS 89
1. INTRODUCTION 89
2. MEMBERSHIP RIGHTS 89
A) ADMINISTRATIVE RIGHTS 90
B) PROPERTY RIGHTS 90
C) PROHIBITION OF SEPARATION 91
D) SPECIAL RIGHTS 91
E) SHAREHOLDERS' RIGHTS TO FILE A LAWSUIT 91
3. MEMBERSHIP DUTIES 92
A) THE DUTY TO PAY CONTRIBUTIONS 92
B) ANCILLARY OBLIGATIONS 93
C) FIDUCIARY DUTY 93
4. PRINCIPLE OF EQUAL TREATMENT 95
5. CHANGE IN MEMBERSHIP 95
A) INTRODUCTION 95
B) SALE AND TRANSFER OF SHARES 96
AA) TRANSFER OF BEARER SHARES 96
BB) TRANSFER OF REGISTERED SHARES 96
C) PECULIARITIES REGARDING REGISTERED SHARES 97
D) RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFERABILITY 97
E) RESTRICTED PROPERTY RIGHTS 97
F) TRANSFER BY WAY OF SECURITY 98
G) INHERITANCE 98
V. CONSTITUTION OF THE AG 98
1. INTRODUCTION 98
2. MANAGEMENT BOARD 100
A) MANAGEMENT OF THE COMPANY 100
B) REPRESENTATION OF THE COMPANY 102
C) APPOINTMENT OF THE MEMBERS OF THE MANAGEMENT BOARD 104
D) CHAIRMAN/SPOKESMAN OF THE MANAGEMENT BOARD 105 E) DISMISSAL OF
MEMBERS OF THE MANAGEMENT BOARD 106
IMAGE 6
DETAILEDTABLE OF CONTENTS XI
F) SERVICE CONTRACTS WITH MEMBERS OF THE MANAGEMENT BOARD 107
G) RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF MEMBERS OF THE MANAGEMENT BOARD . 109 H)
LIABILITY OF MEMBERS OF THE MANAGEMENT BOARD 112 3. SUPERVISORY BOARD
116
A) INTRODUCTION 116
B) OVERVIEW OF THE STATUTORY SUPERVISORY BOARD MODELS . . . 117 C)
APPOINTMENT AND DISMISSAL OF MEMBERS OF THE SUPERVISORY BOARD 118
D) RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE SUPERVISORY BOARD 121
E) SUPERVISORY BOARD PROCEDURES 123
F) SUPERVISORY BOARD COMMITTEES 125
G) DUTIES OF MEMBERS OF THE SUPERVISORY BOARD 127
H) REMUNERATION 128
I) CONFIDENTIALITY OBLIGATION 129
J) LIABILITY OF MEMBERS OF THE SUPERVISORY BOARD 130 4. GENERAL MEETING
131
A) INTRODUCTION 131
B) STATUTORY COMPETENCY OF THE GENERAL MEETING 132 AA) ROUTINE MATTERS
132
BB) FUNDAMENTAL DECISIONS 134
CC) RESOLUTIONS ON MATTERS RELATING TO THE MANAGEMENT OI THE COMPANY 134
DD) OTHER CASES REGULATED BY LAW 135
EE) UNWRITTEN COMPETENCIES OF THE GENERAL MEETING . . . 135 C)
CONVENING OF THE GENERAL MEETING 136
D) THE COURSE OF THE GENERAL MEETING 140
E) THE RIGHT TO INFORMATION 142
F) RESOLUTIONS OF THE GENERAL MEETING AND VOTING 144 G) PROVISIONS OF
THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION ON VOTING 145 H) VOTING RIGHT 145
I) PROHIBITION OF VOTING 146
J) VOTING AGREEMENTS 147
K) EXERCISE OF VOTING RIGHTS BY PROXY 149
1) PROXY VOTING RIGHTS FOR DEPOSITED SHARES 149
5. ACTIONS AGAINST RESOLUTIONS OF THE GENERAL MEETING 152 A) OVERVIEW
152
B) NULLITY OF RESOLUTIONS 153
AA) OVERVIEW 153
BB) VIOLATION OF PROVISIONS RELATING TO FORM AND PROCEDURE 154
CC) OTHER VIOLATIONS OF LAW 155
DD) CURED DEFECTS 157
C) ACTION TO SET ASIDE A RESOLUTION 158
AA) REASONS FOR SETTING ASIDE RESOLUTIONS 158
BB) PROCEDURE 159
D) RELEASE (FAST-TRACK) PROCEEDINGS 160
6. OVERVIEW: IMPORTANT (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS 161 7. CORPORATE
GOVERNANCE CODE 166
A) DEVELOPMENT OF VOLUNTARY CODES OF GOVERNANCE BEST PRACTICES 166
B) IS THE GERMAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE STATUTORY LAW? 166
IMAGE 7
XII DETAILEDTABLE OF CONTENTS
C) MAJOR CONTENT OF THE GERMAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE 167
D) LEVEL OF ACCEPTANCE OF THE GERMAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE 168
8. IMPACT OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT (SOA) ON GERMAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
168
VI. FINANCIAL SYSTEM 170
1. THE REGISTERED SHARE CAPITAL/THE PRINCIPLE OF CAPITAL MAINTENANCE 170
2. APPROPRIATION OF PROFITS 171
A) OVERVIEW 171
B) CREATION OF RESERVES 172
C) APPROPRIATION OF THE BALANCE SHEET PROFIT 172
D) DISTRIBUTION OF PROFITS 172
E) CLAIM TO THE PROFIT 173
3. EQUITY FINANCING 173
A) FORMS OF CAPITAL INCREASE 173
B) CAPITAL INCREASE AGAINST CONTRIBUTIONS 174
AA) OVERVIEW 174
BB) RESOLUTION ON THE CAPITAL INCREASE 174
AAA) GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 174
BBB) RESOLUTION ON THE CAPITAL INCREASE 175
CC) CONTRIBUTIONS IN KIND 176
DD) SUBSCRIPTION RIGHT 177
AAA) THE SUBSCRIPTION RIGHT 177
BBB) EXCLUSION OF SUBSCRIPTION RIGHT 178
CCC) DEFACTO EXCLUSION OF SUBSCRIPTION RIGHT 180 DDD) INDIRECT
SUBSCRIPTION RIGHT 180
EE) DEFECTS RELATING TO THE ADOPTION OF THE RESOLUTION ON THE CAPITAL
INCREASE 180
FF) SUBSCRIPTION 180
GG) APPLICATION AND REGISTRATION OF THE RESOLUTION AND THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CAPITAL INCREASE 181 C) CONTINGENT CAPITAL
INCREASE 181
AA) GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 181
BB) RESOLUTION ON THE CONTINGENT CAPITAL INCREASE 182 CC) SUBSCRIPTION
RIGHTS 183
DD) EFFECTIVENESS OF THE CONTINGENT CAPITAL INCREASE 183 EE)
APPLICATION, REGISTRATION AND ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE ISSUE OF SHARES 184
D) AUTHORIZED CAPITAL 184
AA) GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 184
BB) AUTHORIZATION OF THE MANAGEMENT BOARD 185
CC) CONTENTS AND LIMITS OF THE AUTHORIZATION 185
DD) EXCLUSION OF SUBSCRIPTION RIGHT 186
EE) IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CAPITAL INCREASE BY THE MANAGEMENT BOARD 187
FF) SUBSCRIPTION, PAYMENT OF THE CONTRIBUTION AND REGISTRATION OF THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CAPITAL INCREASE 188
E) CAPITAL INCREASE FROM COMPANY RESOURCES 188
AA) OVERVIEW 188
IMAGE 8
DETAILEDTABLE OF CONTENTS XIII
BB) RESOLUTION ON THE CAPITAL INCREASE 188
CC) APPLICATION, REGISTRATION AND EFFECTIVENESS OF THE CAPITAL INCREASE
189
DD) ENTITLEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS TO NEW SHARES 189 4. THE CAPITAL
REDUCTION 190
A) FORMS OF CAPITAL REDUCTION 190
B) ORDINARY CAPITAL REDUCTION 190
C) SIMPLIFIED CAPITAL REDUCTION 191
D) REDEMPTION OF SHARES 192
5. DEBT FINANCING 192
A) CONVERTIBLE BONDS AND WARRANT-LINKED BONDS 192 AA) CONTENTS AND
ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE 192
BB) RESOLUTION OF THE GENERAL MEETING AND ISSUE OF THE BONDS 193
CC) SHAREHOLDERS' SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS 193
DD) RIGHTS ARISING FROM CONVERTIBLE OR WARRANT-LINKED BONDS 194
EE) SECURING THE CONVERSION OR OPTION RIGHT 194
FF) SPECIAL FORMS 195
AAA) NAKED WARRANTS 195
BBB) STOCK OPTIONS 195
GG) CONVERSION AND OPTION RIGHTS FOR BONDS FROM OTHER ENTITIES 196
B) DIVIDEND BONDS 196
C) JOUISSANCE RIGHTS 197
VU. DISSOLUTION AND LIQUIDATION OF THE COMPANY 197
1. DISSOLUTION AND GROUNDS FOR DISSOLUTION 197
A) EXPIRATION OF A PERIOD OF TIME 197
B) DISSOLUTION RESOLUTION 197
C) DEFECT OF THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION 198
D) INSOLVENCY 198
E) DELETION DUE TO LACK OF ASSETS 198
2. DECLARATION OF NULLITY BY A COURT UPON APPLICATION 198 3. LIQUIDATION
198
A) LIQUIDATORS 199
B) DUTIES OF THE LIQUIDATORS 199
C) ACCOUNTING 200
D) COMPLETION OF LIQUIDATION 200
E) CONTINUATION OF A DISSOLVED COMPANY 201
VIN. ACCOUNTING 201
1. INTRODUCTION 201
2. ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 201
A) PREPARATION OF THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 201 B) AUDIT OF THE
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 202
C) FORMAL APPROVAL OF THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS . . . 204 D)
CONTESTATION OF THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 204 3. CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 205
A) INTRODUCTION 205
B) OBLIGATION TO DRAW UP CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 205
C) CONTENT, PREPARATION AND APPROVAL OF THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS 206
IMAGE 9
XIV DETAILEDTABLE OF CONTENTS
IX. GROUP OF COMPANIES 207
1. PURPOSE OF THE LAW 207
2. LEGAL FORM OF AFFILIATED ENTERPRISES 208
3. FORMS OF AFFILIATION 208
A) OVERVIEW 209
B) MAJORITY OWNERSHIP 209
C) CONTROL 210
D) GROUP OF COMPANIES 210
E) ENTERPRISE AGREEMENTS 210
AA) PROFIT AND LOSS TRANSFER AGREEMENT 211
BB) DOMINATION AGREEMENT 211
CC) OTHER ENTERPRISE AGREEMENTS 212
F) INTEGRATION OF AGS 212
4. CONSEQUENCES OF AFFILIATION AND CONTROL 212
A) AFFILIATION 212
B) CONTROL 213
C) GROUPS OF COMPANIES 214
D) GMBH GROUP OF COMPANIES 214
AA) OVERVIEW 214
BB) CONTRACT-BASED GMBH GROUP OF COMPANIES 215 E) DEFACTO GMBH GROUP 217
F) RULES ON THE CONFLICT OF LAWS WITH RESPECT TO GROUPS OF COMPANIES 217
X. LISTED COMPANIES 218
1. APPLICABLE LAWS 218
2. SECURITIES TRADING ACT 218
A) INSIDER LAW 218
B) AD HOC DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS 219
C) DISCLOSURE OF SIGNIFICANT SHAREHOLDINGS 220
D) INFORMATION REGARDING SHARES AND THE COMPANY 222 E) FINANCIAL REPORTS
222
3. SECURITIES ACQUISITION AND TAKEOVER ACT 222
4. STOCK EXCHANGE ACT 225
5. SECURITIES PROSPECTUS ACT 225
6. PROVISIONS OF THE STOCK CORPORATION ACT 226
C. TAXATION OF GERMAN LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES AND STOCK CORPORATIONS
227
I. INCOME TAXES 227
1. CORPORATE INCOME TAX 227
2. TRADE TAX 228
3. DIVIDEND DISTRIBUTIONS 228
II. OTHER TAXES 229
1. VALUE-ADDED TAX 229
2. REAL ESTATE TRANSFER TAX 229
PART 2: RELEVANT STATUTES 231
A. LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY ACT 231
B. STOCK CORPORATION ACT 294
APPENDIX 1: COMPARISON BETWEEN THE LEGAL FORMS OF AN AG AND A GMBH .
559 APPENDIX 2: GLOSSARY 569 |
| adam_txt |
IMAGE 1
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 1
PART 1: INTRODUCTION TO LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY LAW AND STOCK
CORPORATION LAW 3
A. THE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY 3
I. INTRODUCTION 3
II. FORMATION 4
III. LEGAL POSITION OF THE SHAREHOLDERS 19
IV. TRANSFER OF SHARES 29
V. SHAREHOLDER MEETING 31
VI. MANAGEMENT OF THE COMPANY 38
VII. SUPERVISORY BOARD AND CODETERMINATION 48
VIII. FINANCIAL SYSTEM 52
IX. DISSOLUTION AND LIQUIDATION OF THE COMPANY 66
X. LIMITED PARTNERSHIP WITH A GMBH AS THE PERSONALLY LIABLE SHAREHOLDER
(GMBH&CO.KG) .' 68
B. STOCK CORPORATION 71
I. INTRODUCTION 71
II. OVERVIEW 72
III. FORMATION 76
IV. LEGAL POSITION OF THE SHAREHOLDERS 89
V. CONSTITUTION OF THE AG 98
VI. FINANCIAL SYSTEM 170
VII. DISSOLUTION AND LIQUIDATION OF THE COMPANY 197
VIII. ACCOUNTING 201
IX. GROUP OF COMPANIES 207
X. LISTED COMPANIES 218
C. TAXATION OF GERMAN LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES AND STOCK CORPORATIONS
227
I. INCOME TAXES 227
II. OTHER TAXES 229
PART 2: RELEVANT STATUTES 231
A. LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY ACT 231
B. STOCK CORPORATION ACT 294
APPENDIX 1: COMPARISON BETWEEN THE LEGAL FORMS OF AN AG AND A GMBH .
559 APPENDIX 2: GLOSSARY 569
BIBLIOGRAFISCHE INFORMATIONEN HTTP://D-NB.INFO/986947474
DIGITALISIERT DURCH
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DETAILED TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 1
PART 1: INTRODUCTION TO LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY LAW AND STOCK
CORPORATION LAW 3
A. THE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY 3
I. INTRODUCTION 3
1. THE SIGNIFICANCE OF LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES IN THE GERMAN
BUSINESS WORLD 3
2. STRUCTURE AND CORPORATE BODIES OF THE GMBH 3
II. FORMATION 4
1. STEPS OF FORMATION 4
A) OVERVIEW 4
B) ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION 5
AA) EXECUTION 5
BB) SHAREHOLDERS 6
CC) CONTENTS 6
C) APPOINTMENT OF MANAGING DIRECTORS 7
D) THE RAISING OF CAPITAL (CASH FORMATION/FORMATION THROUGH
CONTRIBUTIONS IN KIND) 7
AA) CASH FORMATION 7
BB) FORMATION THROUGH CONTRIBUTIONS IN KIND 8
E) APPLICATION WITH THE COMMERCIAL REGISTER 9
AA) GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 9
BB) SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS IN CASE OF CONTRIBUTIONS INKIND 10
CC) LIABILITY FOR FALSE INFORMATION 10
F) EXAMINATION BY THE REGISTER COURT 11
G) REGISTRATION 11
2. SINGLE-SHAREHOLDER FORMATION 12
3. NOMINEE FORMATION 12
4. SIMPLIFIED FORMATION PROCEEDINGS 12
5. FORMATION OF AN ENTREPRENEUR COMPANY (LTG) 13
6. SHELF COMPANIES 13
7. HIDDEN CONTRIBUTIONS IN KIND 14
8. PRE-REGISTERED COMPANY 16
A) LEGAL NATURE 16
B) INTERNAL RELATIONS 16
C) EXTERNAL RELATIONS 16
D) LIABILITY OF THE COMPANY AND THE SHAREHOLDERS 16 E) LIABILITY OF THE
PERSONS ACTING 17
F) PRINCIPLES REGARDING DEFECTIVE COMPANIES 17
9. OVERVIEW: THE FORMATION OF A GMBH 18
III. LEGAL POSITION OF THE SHAREHOLDERS 19
1. MEMBERSHIP RIGHTS AND MEMBERSHIP DUTIES 19
2. MEMBERSHIP RIGHTS 20
A) DISTINCTION BETWEEN MEMBERSHIP RIGHTS AND SPECIAL RIGHTS 20
B) RIGHT TO INFORMATION AND RIGHT OF INSPECTION 20
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VIM DETAILEDTABLE OF CONTENTS
C) SHAREHOLDER LAWSUIT 21
3. MEMBERSHIP DUTIES 22
A) DUTY TO RENDER CONTRIBUTIONS 22
B) ANCILLARY DUTIES 24
C) DUTY TO RENDER ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTIONS 24
D) FIDUCIARY DUTY PURSUANT TO CORPORATE LAW 24
E) NON-COMPETE OBLIGATIONS 25
F) THE REQUIREMENT OF EQUAL TREATMENT 25
4. LIABILITY OF A SHAREHOLDER OF A LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY . . 26 A)
GENERALLY NO SHAREHOLDER LIABILITY 26
B) CONTRACTUAL SHAREHOLDER LIABILITY 26
C) CAPITAL PRESERVATION 26
D) INSOLVENCY LAW LIABILITY 26
E) DESTRUCTION OF THE ECONOMIC BASIS OF THE COMPANY 27 F) OTHER
EXEMPTIONS 27
5. REDEMPTION OF A SHARE 28
6. WITHDRAWAL AND EXPULSION OF A SHAREHOLDER 29
RV. TRANSFER OF SHARES 29
1. DISPOSAL AND TRANSFER OF THE SHARES 29
2. NOTARIAL FORM 29
3. RESTRICTION ON TRANSFERABILITY 30
4. NOTIFICATION OF THE COMPANY 31
V. SHAREHOLDER MEETING 31
1. COMPETENCE OF THE SHAREHOLDER MEETING 31
2. THE CONVENING OF A SHAREHOLDER MEETING 32
3. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SHAREHOLDER MEETING 33
4. VOTING AND SHAREHOLDER RESOLUTIONS 34
5. EXCLUSION OF VOTING RIGHTS 35
6. NULLITY OF SHAREHOLDER RESOLUTIONS AND ACTION TO SET ASIDE
RESOLUTIONS 35
7. OVERVIEW: IMPORTANT (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS 36 VI. MANAGEMENT
OF THE COMPANY 38
1. MANAGEMENT AND REPRESENTATION OF THE COMPANY 38 A) MANAGEMENT BY
MANAGING DIRECTORS 38
B) DUTIES OF THE MANAGING DIRECTORS 39
C) AUTHORITY OF THE MANAGING DIRECTORS TO REPRESENT THE COMPANY 39
D) RESTRICTIONS IN INTERNAL RELATIONS 40
2. APPOINTMENT AND DISMISSAL OF THE MANAGING DIRECTORS 41 A) PERSONAL
REQUIREMENTS FOR APPOINTMENT AS MANAGING DIRECTOR 41
B) CORPORATE ACT OF APPOINTMENT 42
C) DISMISSAL 42
3. SERVICE CONTRACTS WITH MANAGING DIRECTORS 43
A) LEGAL NATURE OF THE SERVICE CONTRACT 43
B) PARTIES TO THE SERVICE CONTRACT 43
C) FORM AND CONTENT OF THE SERVICE CONTRACT 43
D) TERMINATION OF THE SERVICE CONTRACT 45
4. LIABILITY OF THE MANAGING DIRECTOR 46
A) PREREQUISITES OF THE LIABILITY OF THE MANAGING DIRECTOR . . 46 B)
CONSEQUENCES OF THE LIABILITY OF THE MANAGING DIRECTOR . 48 C)
THIRD-PARTY CLAIMS 48
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DETAMEDTABLE OF CONTENTS IX
VII. SUPERVISORY BOARD AND CODETERMINATION 48
1. OVERVIEW 48
2. THE OPTIONAL SUPERVISORY BOARD 49
3. ADVISORY BOARD 50
4. SUPERVISORY BOARD ACCORDING TO ONE-THIRD PARTICIPATION ACT 50
5. SUPERVISORY BOARD ACCORDING TO CODETERMINATION ACT 51 VIII. FINANCIAL
SYSTEM 52
1. BOOKKEEPING AND ACCOUNTING 52
A) OVERVIEW 52
B) ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 52
C) PREPARATION OF THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 53 D) AUDIT OF THE
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 54
E) FORMAL APPROVAL OF THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS . . . 54 2.
ALLOCATION OF THE ANNUAL NET INCOME 55
A) RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN THE PROFITS AND RIGHT TO THE DISTRIBUTION OF
PROFITS 55
B) CALCULATION 55
C) PROVISIONS OF THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION 56
3. THE MAINTENANCE OF THE REGISTERED SHARE CAPITAL 56 A) INTRODUCTION 56
B) RESTRICTIONS ON PAYMENTS OF CAPITAL TO SHAREHOLDERS 57 C) EXCEPTIONS
TO THE PROHIBITION AGAINST REFUNDING OF CONTRIBUTIONS 59
D) ACQUISITION OF COMPANY'S OWN SHARES 60
E) SHAREHOLDER LOANS 60
4. INCREASE OF THE REGISTERED SHARE CAPITAL 62
A) OVERVIEW 62
B) ORDINARY CAPITAL INCREASE 62
C) CAPITAL INCREASE FROM COMPANY RESOURCES 63
D) CAPITAL INCREASE FROM AUTHORIZED CAPITAL 64
5. REDUCTION OF THE REGISTERED SHARE CAPITAL 65
IX. DISSOLUTION AND LIQUIDATION OF THE COMPANY 66
1. OVERVIEW 66
2. DISSOLUTION AND GROUNDS FOR DISSOLUTION 66
3. LIQUIDATION 68
4. COMPLETION OF LIQUIDATION 68
X. LIMITED PARTNERSHIP WITH A GMBH AS THE PERSONALLY LIABLE SHAREHOLDER
(GMBH &CO.KG) 68
1. DEFINITION 68
2. LEGAL PARTICULARITIES 69
3. THE LEGAL POSITION OF THE GENERAL PARTNER GMBH 69
4. CODETERMINATION 70
B. STOCK CORPORATION 71
I. INTRODUCTION 71
1. THE SIGNIFICANCE OF AGS IN THE GERMAN BUSINESS WORLD 71 2. STRUCTURE
AND LEGAL BODIES OF THE COMPANY 71
II. OVERVIEW 72
1. THE AG 72
2. THE SHARE 73
A) FRACTION OF THE REGISTERED SHARE CAPITAL 73
B) RIGHT OF MEMBERSHIP 74
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DETAILEDTABLE OF CONTENTS
C) SHARE CERTIFICATES 75
3. OTHER SECURITIES GOVERNED BY CORPORATE LAW 75
4. PROTECTION OF SHAREHOLDERS IN A STOCK CORPORATION 75 III. FORMATION
76
1. STEPS OF FORMATION AND STAGES OF THE COMPANY DURING THE FORMATION
PROCESS 76
A) OVERVIEW 76
B) SUBSCRIPTION TO SHARES 78
C) APPOINTMENT OF THE FORMATION BODIES 78
D) FORMATION REPORT 79
E) RAISING OF THE REGISTERED SHARE CAPITAL 79
F) FORMATION AUDIT 81
G) APPLICATION FOR REGISTRATION IN THE COMMERCIAL REGISTER 82
H) INSPECTION BY THE REGISTER COURT 83
I) REGISTRATION AND NOTIFICATION 83
2. POST-FORMATION ACQUISITIONS 84
3. THE PRE-REGISTERED COMPANY 85
4. DEFECTS RELATING TO FORMATION 86
5. OVERVIEW: THE FORMATION OF A STOCK CORPORATION 87
IV. LEGAL POSITION OF THE SHAREHOLDERS 89
1. INTRODUCTION 89
2. MEMBERSHIP RIGHTS 89
A) ADMINISTRATIVE RIGHTS 90
B) PROPERTY RIGHTS 90
C) PROHIBITION OF SEPARATION 91
D) SPECIAL RIGHTS 91
E) SHAREHOLDERS' RIGHTS TO FILE A LAWSUIT 91
3. MEMBERSHIP DUTIES 92
A) THE DUTY TO PAY CONTRIBUTIONS 92
B) ANCILLARY OBLIGATIONS 93
C) FIDUCIARY DUTY 93
4. PRINCIPLE OF EQUAL TREATMENT 95
5. CHANGE IN MEMBERSHIP 95
A) INTRODUCTION 95
B) SALE AND TRANSFER OF SHARES 96
AA) TRANSFER OF BEARER SHARES 96
BB) TRANSFER OF REGISTERED SHARES 96
C) PECULIARITIES REGARDING REGISTERED SHARES 97
D) RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFERABILITY 97
E) RESTRICTED PROPERTY RIGHTS 97
F) TRANSFER BY WAY OF SECURITY 98
G) INHERITANCE 98
V. CONSTITUTION OF THE AG 98
1. INTRODUCTION 98
2. MANAGEMENT BOARD 100
A) MANAGEMENT OF THE COMPANY 100
B) REPRESENTATION OF THE COMPANY 102
C) APPOINTMENT OF THE MEMBERS OF THE MANAGEMENT BOARD 104
D) CHAIRMAN/SPOKESMAN OF THE MANAGEMENT BOARD 105 E) DISMISSAL OF
MEMBERS OF THE MANAGEMENT BOARD 106
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DETAILEDTABLE OF CONTENTS XI
F) SERVICE CONTRACTS WITH MEMBERS OF THE MANAGEMENT BOARD 107
G) RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF MEMBERS OF THE MANAGEMENT BOARD . 109 H)
LIABILITY OF MEMBERS OF THE MANAGEMENT BOARD 112 3. SUPERVISORY BOARD
116
A) INTRODUCTION 116
B) OVERVIEW OF THE STATUTORY SUPERVISORY BOARD MODELS . . . 117 C)
APPOINTMENT AND DISMISSAL OF MEMBERS OF THE SUPERVISORY BOARD 118
D) RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE SUPERVISORY BOARD 121
E) SUPERVISORY BOARD PROCEDURES 123
F) SUPERVISORY BOARD COMMITTEES 125
G) DUTIES OF MEMBERS OF THE SUPERVISORY BOARD 127
H) REMUNERATION 128
I) CONFIDENTIALITY OBLIGATION 129
J) LIABILITY OF MEMBERS OF THE SUPERVISORY BOARD 130 4. GENERAL MEETING
131
A) INTRODUCTION 131
B) STATUTORY COMPETENCY OF THE GENERAL MEETING 132 AA) ROUTINE MATTERS
132
BB) FUNDAMENTAL DECISIONS 134
CC) RESOLUTIONS ON MATTERS RELATING TO THE MANAGEMENT OI THE COMPANY 134
DD) OTHER CASES REGULATED BY LAW 135
EE) UNWRITTEN COMPETENCIES OF THE GENERAL MEETING . . . 135 C)
CONVENING OF THE GENERAL MEETING 136
D) THE COURSE OF THE GENERAL MEETING 140
E) THE RIGHT TO INFORMATION 142
F) RESOLUTIONS OF THE GENERAL MEETING AND VOTING 144 G) PROVISIONS OF
THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION ON VOTING 145 H) VOTING RIGHT 145
I) PROHIBITION OF VOTING 146
J) VOTING AGREEMENTS 147
K) EXERCISE OF VOTING RIGHTS BY PROXY 149
1) PROXY VOTING RIGHTS FOR DEPOSITED SHARES 149
5. ACTIONS AGAINST RESOLUTIONS OF THE GENERAL MEETING 152 A) OVERVIEW
152
B) NULLITY OF RESOLUTIONS 153
AA) OVERVIEW 153
BB) VIOLATION OF PROVISIONS RELATING TO FORM AND PROCEDURE 154
CC) OTHER VIOLATIONS OF LAW 155
DD) CURED DEFECTS 157
C) ACTION TO SET ASIDE A RESOLUTION 158
AA) REASONS FOR SETTING ASIDE RESOLUTIONS 158
BB) PROCEDURE 159
D) RELEASE (FAST-TRACK) PROCEEDINGS 160
6. OVERVIEW: IMPORTANT (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS 161 7. CORPORATE
GOVERNANCE CODE 166
A) DEVELOPMENT OF VOLUNTARY CODES OF GOVERNANCE BEST PRACTICES 166
B) IS THE GERMAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE STATUTORY LAW? 166
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XII DETAILEDTABLE OF CONTENTS
C) MAJOR CONTENT OF THE GERMAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE 167
D) LEVEL OF ACCEPTANCE OF THE GERMAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE 168
8. IMPACT OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT (SOA) ON GERMAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
168
VI. FINANCIAL SYSTEM 170
1. THE REGISTERED SHARE CAPITAL/THE PRINCIPLE OF CAPITAL MAINTENANCE 170
2. APPROPRIATION OF PROFITS 171
A) OVERVIEW 171
B) CREATION OF RESERVES 172
C) APPROPRIATION OF THE BALANCE SHEET PROFIT 172
D) DISTRIBUTION OF PROFITS 172
E) CLAIM TO THE PROFIT 173
3. EQUITY FINANCING 173
A) FORMS OF CAPITAL INCREASE 173
B) CAPITAL INCREASE AGAINST CONTRIBUTIONS 174
AA) OVERVIEW 174
BB) RESOLUTION ON THE CAPITAL INCREASE 174
AAA) GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 174
BBB) RESOLUTION ON THE CAPITAL INCREASE 175
CC) CONTRIBUTIONS IN KIND 176
DD) SUBSCRIPTION RIGHT 177
AAA) THE SUBSCRIPTION RIGHT 177
BBB) EXCLUSION OF SUBSCRIPTION RIGHT 178
CCC) DEFACTO EXCLUSION OF SUBSCRIPTION RIGHT 180 DDD) INDIRECT
SUBSCRIPTION RIGHT 180
EE) DEFECTS RELATING TO THE ADOPTION OF THE RESOLUTION ON THE CAPITAL
INCREASE 180
FF) SUBSCRIPTION 180
GG) APPLICATION AND REGISTRATION OF THE RESOLUTION AND THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CAPITAL INCREASE 181 C) CONTINGENT CAPITAL
INCREASE 181
AA) GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 181
BB) RESOLUTION ON THE CONTINGENT CAPITAL INCREASE 182 CC) SUBSCRIPTION
RIGHTS 183
DD) EFFECTIVENESS OF THE CONTINGENT CAPITAL INCREASE 183 EE)
APPLICATION, REGISTRATION AND ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE ISSUE OF SHARES 184
D) AUTHORIZED CAPITAL 184
AA) GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 184
BB) AUTHORIZATION OF THE MANAGEMENT BOARD 185
CC) CONTENTS AND LIMITS OF THE AUTHORIZATION 185
DD) EXCLUSION OF SUBSCRIPTION RIGHT 186
EE) IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CAPITAL INCREASE BY THE MANAGEMENT BOARD 187
FF) SUBSCRIPTION, PAYMENT OF THE CONTRIBUTION AND REGISTRATION OF THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CAPITAL INCREASE 188
E) CAPITAL INCREASE FROM COMPANY RESOURCES 188
AA) OVERVIEW 188
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DETAILEDTABLE OF CONTENTS XIII
BB) RESOLUTION ON THE CAPITAL INCREASE 188
CC) APPLICATION, REGISTRATION AND EFFECTIVENESS OF THE CAPITAL INCREASE
189
DD) ENTITLEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS TO NEW SHARES 189 4. THE CAPITAL
REDUCTION 190
A) FORMS OF CAPITAL REDUCTION 190
B) ORDINARY CAPITAL REDUCTION 190
C) SIMPLIFIED CAPITAL REDUCTION 191
D) REDEMPTION OF SHARES 192
5. DEBT FINANCING 192
A) CONVERTIBLE BONDS AND WARRANT-LINKED BONDS 192 AA) CONTENTS AND
ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE 192
BB) RESOLUTION OF THE GENERAL MEETING AND ISSUE OF THE BONDS 193
CC) SHAREHOLDERS' SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS 193
DD) RIGHTS ARISING FROM CONVERTIBLE OR WARRANT-LINKED BONDS 194
EE) SECURING THE CONVERSION OR OPTION RIGHT 194
FF) SPECIAL FORMS 195
AAA) NAKED WARRANTS 195
BBB) STOCK OPTIONS 195
GG) CONVERSION AND OPTION RIGHTS FOR BONDS FROM OTHER ENTITIES 196
B) DIVIDEND BONDS 196
C) JOUISSANCE RIGHTS 197
VU. DISSOLUTION AND LIQUIDATION OF THE COMPANY 197
1. DISSOLUTION AND GROUNDS FOR DISSOLUTION 197
A) EXPIRATION OF A PERIOD OF TIME 197
B) DISSOLUTION RESOLUTION 197
C) DEFECT OF THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION 198
D) INSOLVENCY 198
E) DELETION DUE TO LACK OF ASSETS 198
2. DECLARATION OF NULLITY BY A COURT UPON APPLICATION 198 3. LIQUIDATION
198
A) LIQUIDATORS 199
B) DUTIES OF THE LIQUIDATORS 199
C) ACCOUNTING 200
D) COMPLETION OF LIQUIDATION 200
E) CONTINUATION OF A DISSOLVED COMPANY 201
VIN. ACCOUNTING 201
1. INTRODUCTION 201
2. ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 201
A) PREPARATION OF THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 201 B) AUDIT OF THE
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 202
C) FORMAL APPROVAL OF THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS . . . 204 D)
CONTESTATION OF THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 204 3. CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 205
A) INTRODUCTION 205
B) OBLIGATION TO DRAW UP CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 205
C) CONTENT, PREPARATION AND APPROVAL OF THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS 206
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XIV DETAILEDTABLE OF CONTENTS
IX. GROUP OF COMPANIES 207
1. PURPOSE OF THE LAW 207
2. LEGAL FORM OF AFFILIATED ENTERPRISES 208
3. FORMS OF AFFILIATION 208
A) OVERVIEW 209
B) MAJORITY OWNERSHIP 209
C) CONTROL 210
D) GROUP OF COMPANIES 210
E) ENTERPRISE AGREEMENTS 210
AA) PROFIT AND LOSS TRANSFER AGREEMENT 211
BB) DOMINATION AGREEMENT 211
CC) OTHER ENTERPRISE AGREEMENTS 212
F) INTEGRATION OF AGS 212
4. CONSEQUENCES OF AFFILIATION AND CONTROL 212
A) AFFILIATION 212
B) CONTROL 213
C) GROUPS OF COMPANIES 214
D) GMBH GROUP OF COMPANIES 214
AA) OVERVIEW 214
BB) CONTRACT-BASED GMBH GROUP OF COMPANIES 215 E) DEFACTO GMBH GROUP 217
F) RULES ON THE CONFLICT OF LAWS WITH RESPECT TO GROUPS OF COMPANIES 217
X. LISTED COMPANIES 218
1. APPLICABLE LAWS 218
2. SECURITIES TRADING ACT 218
A) INSIDER LAW 218
B) AD HOC DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS 219
C) DISCLOSURE OF SIGNIFICANT SHAREHOLDINGS 220
D) INFORMATION REGARDING SHARES AND THE COMPANY 222 E) FINANCIAL REPORTS
222
3. SECURITIES ACQUISITION AND TAKEOVER ACT 222
4. STOCK EXCHANGE ACT 225
5. SECURITIES PROSPECTUS ACT 225
6. PROVISIONS OF THE STOCK CORPORATION ACT 226
C. TAXATION OF GERMAN LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES AND STOCK CORPORATIONS
227
I. INCOME TAXES 227
1. CORPORATE INCOME TAX 227
2. TRADE TAX 228
3. DIVIDEND DISTRIBUTIONS 228
II. OTHER TAXES 229
1. VALUE-ADDED TAX 229
2. REAL ESTATE TRANSFER TAX 229
PART 2: RELEVANT STATUTES 231
A. LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY ACT 231
B. STOCK CORPORATION ACT 294
APPENDIX 1: COMPARISON BETWEEN THE LEGAL FORMS OF AN AG AND A GMBH .
559 APPENDIX 2: GLOSSARY 569 |
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| author | Wirth, Gerhard 1944- Arnold, Michael 1969- Morshäuser, Ralf 1972- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)128918209 (DE-588)123964547 (DE-588)124393969 |
| author_facet | Wirth, Gerhard 1944- Arnold, Michael 1969- Morshäuser, Ralf 1972- |
| author_role | aut aut aut |
| author_sort | Wirth, Gerhard 1944- |
| author_variant | g w gw m a ma r m rm |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV023218390 |
| classification_rvk | PE 375 PE 397 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)723851401 (DE-599)DNB986947474 |
| dewey-full | 346.43066 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 346 - Private law |
| dewey-raw | 346.43066 |
| dewey-search | 346.43066 |
| dewey-sort | 3346.43066 |
| dewey-tens | 340 - Law |
| discipline | Rechtswissenschaft |
| discipline_str_mv | Rechtswissenschaft |
| edition | rev. 2. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Duitsland gtt Deutschland Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Duitsland Deutschland |
| id | DE-604.BV023218390 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T20:14:58Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-20T08:47:22Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9783406572838 3406572839 |
| language | German English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016404347 |
| oclc_num | 723851401 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-M382 DE-20 DE-526 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-12 DE-384 DE-11 DE-523 DE-573 DE-188 |
| owner_facet | DE-M382 DE-20 DE-526 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-12 DE-384 DE-11 DE-523 DE-573 DE-188 |
| physical | XVI, 582 S. |
| publishDate | 2010 |
| publishDateSearch | 2010 |
| publishDateSort | 2010 |
| publisher | Beck |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | German Law Accessible |
| spelling | Wirth, Gerhard 1944- Verfasser (DE-588)128918209 aut Corporate Law in Germany Gerhard Wirth ; Michael Arnold ; Ralf Morshäuser. In coop. with Mark Greene rev. 2. ed. München Beck 2010 XVI, 582 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier German Law Accessible Deutschland GmbH-Gesetz (DE-588)4122179-5 gnd rswk-swf Deutschland Aktiengesetz (DE-588)4122039-0 gnd rswk-swf Ondernemingsrecht gtt Vennootschapsrecht gtt Englisch (DE-588)4014777-0 gnd rswk-swf Übersetzung (DE-588)4061418-9 gnd rswk-swf Gesellschaftsrecht (DE-588)4020646-4 gnd rswk-swf Duitsland gtt Deutschland Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 gnd rswk-swf Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 g Gesellschaftsrecht (DE-588)4020646-4 s DE-604 Deutschland Aktiengesetz (DE-588)4122039-0 u Übersetzung (DE-588)4061418-9 s Englisch (DE-588)4014777-0 s Deutschland GmbH-Gesetz (DE-588)4122179-5 u Arnold, Michael 1969- Verfasser (DE-588)123964547 aut Morshäuser, Ralf 1972- Verfasser (DE-588)124393969 aut Greene, Mark Sonstige oth DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016404347&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Wirth, Gerhard 1944- Arnold, Michael 1969- Morshäuser, Ralf 1972- Corporate Law in Germany Deutschland GmbH-Gesetz (DE-588)4122179-5 gnd Deutschland Aktiengesetz (DE-588)4122039-0 gnd Ondernemingsrecht gtt Vennootschapsrecht gtt Englisch (DE-588)4014777-0 gnd Übersetzung (DE-588)4061418-9 gnd Gesellschaftsrecht (DE-588)4020646-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4122179-5 (DE-588)4122039-0 (DE-588)4014777-0 (DE-588)4061418-9 (DE-588)4020646-4 (DE-588)4011882-4 |
| title | Corporate Law in Germany |
| title_auth | Corporate Law in Germany |
| title_exact_search | Corporate Law in Germany |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Corporate Law in Germany |
| title_full | Corporate Law in Germany Gerhard Wirth ; Michael Arnold ; Ralf Morshäuser. In coop. with Mark Greene |
| title_fullStr | Corporate Law in Germany Gerhard Wirth ; Michael Arnold ; Ralf Morshäuser. In coop. with Mark Greene |
| title_full_unstemmed | Corporate Law in Germany Gerhard Wirth ; Michael Arnold ; Ralf Morshäuser. In coop. with Mark Greene |
| title_short | Corporate Law in Germany |
| title_sort | corporate law in germany |
| topic | Deutschland GmbH-Gesetz (DE-588)4122179-5 gnd Deutschland Aktiengesetz (DE-588)4122039-0 gnd Ondernemingsrecht gtt Vennootschapsrecht gtt Englisch (DE-588)4014777-0 gnd Übersetzung (DE-588)4061418-9 gnd Gesellschaftsrecht (DE-588)4020646-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Deutschland GmbH-Gesetz Deutschland Aktiengesetz Ondernemingsrecht Vennootschapsrecht Englisch Übersetzung Gesellschaftsrecht Duitsland Deutschland |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016404347&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT wirthgerhard corporatelawingermany AT arnoldmichael corporatelawingermany AT morshauserralf corporatelawingermany AT greenemark corporatelawingermany |