Cities as sustainable ecosystems: principles and practices
In the early years of the new millennium humankind faces the challenge of moving onto a more sustainable path. Cities, now home to almost half of humanity, are growing faster than ever before in human history. While cities provide expanding economic opportunities in the new global economy, they are...
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Washington [u.a.]
Island Press
2008
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | In the early years of the new millennium humankind faces the challenge of moving onto a more sustainable path. Cities, now home to almost half of humanity, are growing faster than ever before in human history. While cities provide expanding economic opportunities in the new global economy, they are also big contributors to environmental disruption both within and well beyond their boundaries, and many are experiencing growing social problems. Thus, cities have a critical role to play in achieving sustainability. Cities as Sustainable Ecosystems (CASE) offers a way forward. The central notion is that the best innovations in human history have arisen by learning from and modelling natural systems. Cities need to develop this perspective. The ecosystem viewpoint is an inclusive one that sees humans as part of social-ecological systems - local ecosystems through bioregions to the biosphere - where the focus is on relationships and processes which support life in its myriad forms, especially partnerships and cooperation. |
| Beschreibung: | X, 284 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9781597261876 1597261874 9781597261883 1597261882 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV023189400 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20111102 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 080228s2008 abd| |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 9781597261876 |9 978-1-59726187-6 | ||
| 020 | |a 1597261874 |9 1-59726187-4 | ||
| 020 | |a 9781597261883 |9 978-1-59726188-3 | ||
| 020 | |a 1597261882 |9 1-59726188-2 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)153772870 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV023189400 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rakwb | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 049 | |a DE-12 |a DE-1028 |a DE-83 | ||
| 050 | 0 | |a HT241 | |
| 082 | 0 | |a 307.76 |2 22 | |
| 084 | |a AR 27300 |0 (DE-625)8617: |2 rvk | ||
| 084 | |a ARC 915f |2 stub | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Newman, Peter |d 1949- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)124180221 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Cities as sustainable ecosystems |b principles and practices |c Peter Newman ; Isabella Jennings |
| 264 | 1 | |a Washington [u.a.] |b Island Press |c 2008 | |
| 300 | |a X, 284 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 520 | 3 | |a In the early years of the new millennium humankind faces the challenge of moving onto a more sustainable path. Cities, now home to almost half of humanity, are growing faster than ever before in human history. While cities provide expanding economic opportunities in the new global economy, they are also big contributors to environmental disruption both within and well beyond their boundaries, and many are experiencing growing social problems. Thus, cities have a critical role to play in achieving sustainability. Cities as Sustainable Ecosystems (CASE) offers a way forward. The central notion is that the best innovations in human history have arisen by learning from and modelling natural systems. Cities need to develop this perspective. The ecosystem viewpoint is an inclusive one that sees humans as part of social-ecological systems - local ecosystems through bioregions to the biosphere - where the focus is on relationships and processes which support life in its myriad forms, especially partnerships and cooperation. | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Urban ecology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sustainable development | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Nachhaltigkeit | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sustainable development | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Urban ecology (Sociology) | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Stadtökologie |0 (DE-588)4077809-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Stadtgestaltung |0 (DE-588)4077804-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Nachhaltigkeit |0 (DE-588)4326464-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Stadtökologie |0 (DE-588)4077809-5 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Stadtgestaltung |0 (DE-588)4077804-6 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Nachhaltigkeit |0 (DE-588)4326464-5 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |C b |5 DE-604 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Jennings, Isabella |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m HBZ Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016375820&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016375820 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804137460535394304 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Table of Contents
Acknowledgments IX
Introduäng Cities as Sustainable Ecosystems 2
chapter i Vision 8
chapter 2 Economy and Society 32
chapter 3 Biodiversity 64
chapter 4 Ecological Footprints 80
chapter 5 Modeling Cities on Ecosystems 92
chapter 6 Sense of P/ace 144
chapter 7 Empowerment and Participation 156
chapter 8 Partnerships 168
chapter 9 Sustainable Production and Consumption 188
chapter m Governance and Hope 216
Conc/us/ons 238
APPENDIX A: Extracts from the Local Government Dedaration
to the World Summit on Sustainable Development, 2002 242
APPENDIX B: The Carbon Cyc/e 244
APPENDIX C: The Nitrogen Cyc/e 246
APPENDIX D: The Phosphorus Cyc/e 248
APPENDIX E: The Hydrologkai Cyc/e 250
Notes 253
Glossary 259
Online Resources 265
References 269
Index 277
Index
Note: ltalicized page numbers
indicate illustrations.
Aalborg +10 Commitments,
184-85
Aboriginal culture, 154-55.
See also Indigenous cul-
tures
Adaptive cycle theory,
99-102.123-24
Adaptive learning, 107-8,
158
Adaptive management,
120-21, 183
Adelaide, Australia, 133, 138,
138-39
Agenda 21, 183-84
Agriculture, 75, 127. 206-8,
210. See also Community-
supported agriculture
(CSA); Urban agriculture
Albury, New South Wales,
149
Alexander, Christopher, 117
America 2050 project, 220
Arnes, Steven, 8-12
Amir, Hari Harsono, 51-54,
75
Anderson, E., 104-5, 156-57
Anti-freeway movement, 166
Aquaculture, 208-11
Arcata Marsh and Wildlife
Sanctuary, California, 149
Architecture, 76-77. 116-18
Arts, the, 61, 153
AtKisson, Alan, 223-24
Australian City Farms and
Community Gardens
Network, 180-82
Australian Collaboration. 178
Australian Orchid Council, 75
Australian Wildlife
Conservancy, 75
Automobile cities, 127-32
Automobile industry, 199
Autotrophic Systems. 38,
95-96, 117-19
B
Bahia de Caräquez, Ecuador,
133, 135-37
Bangkok, Thailand, 34, 132
Beatley, Timothy, 24, 50, 146
BedZED (Beddington Zero-
Energy Development},
London, 133-35. 136-37
Berg, Peter, 33. 136-37
Berkeley Food Policy Council,
California, USA, 57
Bern, Switzerland, 126
Bhatt, Vikram, 55
Biocapacity. 80-82, 84, 98,
130
Bioclimatic design. 149
Biodiversity: cities and.
68-69, 74-75: defined,
64-65; and ecosystem
resilience, 101-2, 114; in
ecosvstems, 65-66; hot
spots, 75-, landscape ele-
ments and, 70-73; and
long-term productivity, 97;
of Perth, xAustralia, 2; pro-
tection of, 66-68; as third
Melbourne Principle, 5. 64;
wildlife corridors and,
152-53
Biogeochemical cycles, 96-98
Biointensive gardening, 51.
116,206
BioMAX System, 201-2
Biomes, 65
Biomimicry, 200-203, 205
Bioregional scale: cap-and-
trade markets, 86;
economies, 39-40; ecosvs-
tems, 44; education and
celebrations, 73-74; ethno-
graphic collectivism,
151-52; mapping, 153.
165; partnerships. 179-82:
technology. 200
Bioregional voices, 231-32
Bioregions. 3, 23-24, 69-73
Biosphere. 64-65. 92
Biosphere reserves, 70-71
Bogota. Colombia. 132-33.
141-42
Bossel, H., 5-6, 94-95
Bossel s Model, 108-22
Boyden, Stephen, 16-17,18
Bradby, Keith, 73
Bremen Initiative, 172
Breweries, 206-7
278 Index
Brisbane, Australia, 153,
180-82
Brownfield development, 134
Brundtland Report, 81
Brunswick, Australia, 228
Buffer zones, 70-72
Bushfood gardens, 182
Bush regeneration, 75
Businesses: and corporate
sustainability/environmen-
tal Performance evaluation
modeis, 175; local, 41, 43;
and partnerships, 172,
174-76
Bus rapid-transit in China.
185
Buyers clubs, 184
Buy local campaigns, 60-61
Carbon cycle, 244-45
Carbon emissions manage -
ment, 86
Carbon neutral land develop-
ments, 134
Car dependence, 45, 50,
127-32
Carrying capacity, 80-82, 84,
98, 130
Car use, and average per capi-
ta wealth, 131
CASE (cities as sustainable
ecosystems): approach, 44,
210; characteristics and
strategies for, 110-11-,
principles of, 239; strate-
gies for creation of, 108-12
Gase studies, 7, 133. See also
individual names qfease
studies
Center for Education and
Research in Environmental
Strategies (CERES), 228
Charettes, 163, 165
Charlottesville, Virginia, 179
Cheonggyecheon projeet.
Seoul, South Korea. 235-36
Child-Friendly Cities initiative,
UNICEF, 164
Chinampas (floating gardens),
51
Christie Walk, Adelaide,
Australia, 133, 138,
138-39
Circular metabolism, 96,
118-19, 119
Cities: as arks, coneept of,
180; benefits and opportu-
nities of, 34; commerce and
emergence of, 32; compari-
son of walking, transit, and
car-dependent, 129-32; cul-
tural heritage of, 146-47;
as ecosystems, 3, 93-94;
and lack of connectedness,
115; as networks of urban
ecovillages, 132-33; per
capita resource use, 87;
shaping elements of, 144;
and size limitations, 130;
size of ancient vs. modern,
128; sprawl management
and, 88-89; sustainable
form, 132
Cities for Climate Protection,
183
Citizens Bioregional Plan,
Northeast Ohio, 27-29
Cittaslow, 196,197
City economies, 37-39,
114-15
City-making principles, 24
Clear Paddock Creek, Sydney,
76
Climate change, 35-36
Cohousing, 138-39
Co-Intelligence Institute, 165
Colombo, Sri Lanka, 56
Commercial mechanized farm-
ing, 206
Community, sense of, 50
Community ans, 61
Community-based decision
making, 219
Community-based Watershed
Management projeet,
Brazil, 164-65
Community gardens, 50-56,
180-82, 208, 230. See also
Urban agriculture
Community-initiated partner-
ships, 176-79
Community partieipation: in
governance, 121; in inte-
grated wastewater Systems,
209; in technological devel-
opment, 200; toolkits for,
166. See also
Empowerment and partiei-
pation
Community Partieipation in
Practice (Sarkissian, Cook,
and Walsh), 166
Community rootedness, 112
Community-supported agricul-
ture (CSA), 55, 179-80,
181-82
Community sustainability
assessment, 42-43
Complementary currencies,
56, 58
Complete streets, 198
Computer networks, 205-6
Connectedness, 71-73,
100-101, 104-5, 115, 151
Connective practices, 112
Conservation economy, 39, 40
Conservation of matter, law
of, 96
Consumerism, 34, 116
Consumption of resources:
cities and, 5; demand man-
agement and, 188-89;
gasoline, 87, 198; reduc-
tions in, 89-90, 193, 199;
sustainable, 189-91;
unsustainable, 192, 194.
See also Food produetion
and consumption
Convention on Biological
Diversity, 66-67
Index
279
Cooperation, 102, 106-8,
122, 168-71, 190
Copenhagen, Denmark, 126
Core reserves, 70-72
Creativity, 106, 112
Cultural diversity, 114
Cultural heritage, 69, 146-47,
153, 157
Cultural literacy, 227-30
Curitiba, Brazil, 56-58, 59,
132
Daly, Herman, 115-16
De Duve, C, 92
Deep ecology, 21
Demand management,
188-89, 192-94
Densities, 68-69, 126, 141
Density bonuses, 58
Dervaes family garden, 214
Design with Nature (McHarg),
146
Detritivores, 97-98
Dhaka, Bangladesh, 222-23
Direct marketing approach,
CSA and, 182
Disturbances, and regenera-
tion, 99-102, 121-23
Diversity: and ecosystem
resilience, 101-2; genetic,
protection of, 75; link
between biological and cul-
tural, 66; of perspectives,
and resilience of societies,
156; protection of, 114. See
also Biodiversity
Druisberg-Nord, Germany,
147
Earth Charter, 9, 21,24-25,
33, 66
Earthshare, 81
Earth Suramit 1992, Rio de
Janeiro, 66-67, 183-84
Earth Summit 2002,
Johannesburg, 4, 9,
159-61, 174,242-43
East Calcutta Wetlands, India,
208-9
EcoCity Cleveland, 27, 177-78
Ecofootprint calculators, 82
Eco-Friend Project, Sukabumi,
53
Ecolabeling, 60-61
Ecoliteracy, 74, 161, 227, 229
Ecological architecture,
116-18
Ecological design core princi-
ples, 145
Ecological diversity, and
resilience, 101-2, 114
Ecological fallows, 69
Ecological footprints: analy-
ses of, 82-84; of BedZED,
135; and biocapacity,
80-82; of cities, reduction
of, 74; consumption of
resources and, 89-90; as
fourth Melbourne Principle,
5; as fourth Melbourne
principle, 80; of London,
84-, strategies for reduction
of, 85-90; strengths and
weaknesses of, 85; and
sustainable cities, 88-89
Ecological memory, 101-2
Ecological processes, visibility
of, 112, 146-49
Ecological resilience, defined,
99
Ecomax System, 201-2
Economic growth, 123
Economic security, 32, 37, 41
Economic sufficiency, 190-91
Economies: city, 34-39; in life
communities and ecosys-
tems, 37-38; local and
bioregional, 45, 114-16:
national, 34; new fifth
cycle, 200; solar, 44; sus-
tainability-based, 37; tradi-
tional, 106
Economy and society, 5,
32-34
Ecopsychologists, 19
Eco-revelatory design,
147-49
EcoSmart, 193
Ecosystems: assessments of,
and ecological footprint
reduction, 86; characteris-
tics of, 92; complexity of,
64-65; dynamics of, 100;
health of, 95-97; life com-
munities and economies in,
37-38; in low-density sub-
urban development, 68-69;
nerwork structure of,
157-58; productivity of,
97; species-rich, 65; young
vs. mature. 123-25
Ecosystem Services, 65-66,
67, 68, 71-73
Ecosystem succession model,
94, 122-25
Ecotrust, 39,40, 151
Ecovillages, 46-49, 132-33,
138-39,178-79
Edible Landscape project,
55-56
Edible Schoolyard, 228-29
Education and literacy,
73-74, 153, 161, 164,20?.
227-30
Efrkiency. 190
Elgin, Duane, 190
Embong Brantas Project,
201-2
Empowerment and participa-
tion: commitment to,
159-61; and the disem-
powered, 163-65; and good
governance, 217-19; indi-
cators of, 158; meaning of,
156-57; resource base
development for, 165-67;
as seventh Melbourne prin-
ciple, 6, 156; strategies for.
159-66
280 Index
Energy balance, 83
Energy budgets, 39
Environmental citizenshtp, 159
Environmental degradation, 19
Environmental disruptions, 2-3
Environmental ethics, 21,2,?
Environmentally Sensitive Areas
(ESA) methodology, 165
Environs Australia, 172-73,
230-31
Envision Sustainability Tools, 14
Ephemeral reserves, 69
EST (Environmentally Sound
Technologies), 188, 211-14,
212-13
Ethnoecology Database, 151-52
European Sustainable Cities and
Towns Campaign, 184-85
Evodeviation principle, 17
Evolution, 64, 169
Exports, in bioregional
economies, 40
Extended Metabolism Model, 27,
29
External agents, in empower-
ment and participation, 157
Extrasomatic energy, cities and,
38
Factor Four agenda, 193, 199
Factor Ten agenda, 199
False Creek, Vancouver, B.C., 51
Farming, high-intensity, 51, 116,
206. See also Urban agricul-
ture
Feedback loops, 98, 107-8, 189,
217
Fifth cycle economy, new, 200
Figure-eight cyde, 100-101
Flavin, Chris, 220
Food First, 208
Food Gardens Foundation, 54-55
Food policy Councils, 55,57
Food production and consump-
tion, 113-14, 116, 120,
181-82, 209-10
Food security, 56
Fossil fuel energy, 44-45
Fremantle, Australia, 147,
193-94
Functional redundancy, 101
Ganga Action Plan, 209
Garbage program, Curitiba,
Brazil, 58
Garden City, the, 115, 116
Gasoline consumption, 87, 128,
198
Gaudi, 116-17
Geographie information Systems
(GIS), 151
Glass pyramid, 113
Global Campaign on Urban
Governance, 218-19
Global cycles, 96
Global ecological footprint, 81,
86-87
Global ecosystem, 44, 68, 81
Global Ecovillage Network, 41,
46, 178-79
Global governance, 220
Globalization, 3, 33, 145, 195
Global Roundtable on Climate
Change, 174-75
Glossary, 259-64
Gondwana Links, 72, 73
Governance and hope: civic par-
ticipation in, 121, 156; goals
for, 26-27; local, bioregional,
and global, 219-21; strategies
for, 217-36; as tenth
Melbourne Principle, 6-7, 216
Government-initiated partner-
ships. 171-73
Government subsidies, 41, 60
Greater Pittsburgh Community
Food Bank, 229-30
Greater Southwest bioregion,
USA, 151-52
Greater Vancouver Regional
District, B.C., 14
Green-Blue Meander, 71
GreenCityBlueLake, Ohio, 177-78
Green Communities Assistance
Kit, 166
Green Harvest food program,
229-30
Greenhouse Gas Protocol, 174
Greening Sydney (Johnson), 116
Greening the urban environment,
76-77
Greenpeace, 174
Green roofs, 77, 77
Green Spaces, 114
Greenway linkages, 152-53
Growth management techniques,
87
H
Hallsmith, Gwendolyn, 14
Hamilton, Clive, 190-91
Hannover Principles, 117
Hartz-Karp, Janette, 158, 165
Havana, Cuba, 55, 208
Hawken, Paul, 221
Healing circles, 161
Health needs of humans, 106
Healthy Cities movement, 24-26
Heritage trails, 154-55
HeroDollars, 56
Heterotrophic ecosystems, 38, 96
Highway-to-transit transiüon, 45
Hobart, Australia, 153
Holling, C. S., 99-101, 100
Hopper, Steve, 75
Horizontal Integration in part-
nerships, 170-71
Household sustainability pro-
grams, 193-94
Howard, Ebenezer, 115, 116
Human ecology approach,
125-33
Human needs, 16-17,18, 106,
189-91
Human produetivity, 199
Humans, and CASE approach, 94
Humboldt Bay, California, 149
Hume Dam, Australia, 149
Hydrological cycle, 250-51
Index
281
I
Imagine Chicago, 14
Inclusive City theme, 218-19
Indicator projects, 223-27
Indigenous cultures: and adap-
tive learning, 107-8, 158; dia-
logue and healing in, 161; and
ethics, 21, 105; moral teach-
ings of, 104-5; safeguarding
knowledge of, 121; and sense
of place, 154; sense of place
and, as context, 145-46; and
solar energy, 44; songlines in,
154-55; and sustainable soci-
eties, 104; and visions for the
future, 15-16
Industrial age, 188-89, 199
Industrial development, 176
Industrial ecology/metabolism,
203^1
Industrial Energy Technology
Conference (IETC), 194, 208,
211-12
Industrial Systems, 119
Industrial waste, 210
Inequity reduction, 217-19
Information sharing, 176
Information technology, 200
Infrastructure, 43-46, 58, 69,
76-77
Institutional memory, 107, 121
Institutional structures, 120-21
Integrated wetland System (IWS),
209
Intentional communities, 46-47.
See also Ecovillages
Interfaith Partnership on the
Environment, UNEP, 22
Intermodal Surface Transportation
EffkiencyAct (ISTEA), 176-77
International Center for
Sustainable Cities, Vancouver,
B.C., 183
International Development
Research Center (IDRQ, 55
International partnerships,
183-84
Iroquois Confederacy, 8-9
ISTEA. See Intermodal Surface
Transportation Efficiency Act
(ISTEA)
Ithaca Ecovillage, New York, 46
J
Jacobs, Erica, 54-55
Jacobs, Jane, 166, 166, 239
Jevons Paradox, 199
Johnson, Chris, 76-77, 116
K
Kampala, Uganda, 56
Karakamia Wildlife Sanctuary, 75
Kings Park, Perth, 75
Knoxville, Tennessee, 55
Kodja Place, Kojonup, Australia,
232-33,233-34
Kolding, Denmark, 113
K un-ming Urban Development
and Public Transportation
Masterplan, 185
Kwinana, Australia, 175, 204
Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower
Center, 74, 76
Landry, Charles, 24
Large Cities Climate Leadership
Group (C40 Cities), 184
Life-places, 23-24, 144-45
Life with dignity, 17-19
Linear metabolism, 96, 118,119
Literacy and education, 153,
161, 164
Livable Region Strategie Plan,
Vancouver, B.C., 13
Living Planet Report, 80-81,
83-84
Living Smart program, 193-94
Local Agenda 21, 183-84, 209,
221
Local Exchange Trading Systems
(LETS), 56
Local food movement. 35
Local governance, 82, 219
Local Govemments for
Sustainability (formerly ICLEI),
183, 221
Local scale, in CASE, 38
London, England, 84, 133-35,
136-37, 198
Long-Term Ecological Research
program, and CASE approach,
93
Los Angeles Ecovillage, 47-49
M
MacTiernan, Alannah, 160
Makkinga, Holland, 198
Malang Sewerage System,
Indonesia, 201-2
Malmo, UK, 86
Manchester, England, 226-27
Marchetti constant, 125-26, 130
Maslow. Abraham, 16
Material flow management,
industrial ecology and. 203
Max-Neef, Manfred, 16-17.
32-33
McDonough, William, 77,
117-18
McCill Reporter, McGill
University, 55
McHarg, Ian, 146
Megabiodiversity, 66
Megacities, 35, 87, 222-23
Melbourne Principles, 4, 9,240.
See also individual principles
Memorials, 147
Mesopotamian cities, 126-27
Metabolism: circular, 96, 118-19.
119-, industrial, 203-4; tech-
no-, 38; urban, 80
Metacities, 35
Millennium Ecosystem
Assessment (MA), 68
Modeling cities on ecosystems.
as fifth Melbourne Principle,
5-6. 92
Mollison, Bill, 51
Montreal, Canada, 55
Moore, Susan, 23-24
282 Index
More-than-human world, 19-20,
112-14
Murphy, Catherine, 208
N
Naked streets, 198, 198
National Food Program, Cuba, 208
Nations, and governance, 219
Natural ecosystems, 5-6, 122,
169,217
Natural heritage of cities, 146-47
Natural resource management
partnerships, 183
Nature.- in early cities, 127;
human affiliation with, 20;
lessons from, in biomimicry
and permaculture, 205-, Sys-
tems of, as model for human
innovations, 3
Nature Conservancy, 73
Nature reserve System, 69
Negative feedback, 98
Neighborhood renewal, 121-22,
230-31
Netherlands, 196
Network of Regional
Governments for Sustainable
Development (nrg4SD), 221
Networks: across sectors, 176;
as basic pattern of life, 169;
coevolution of, 97; in nature,
168-69; social, 169-71; as
structure of ecosystems,
157-58; of urban ecovillages,
cities as, 132-33. See also
specific network names
New York City, 27
New York Regional Plan
Association (RPA), 220
Nitrogen cycle, 119-20, 246-47
Northey Street City Farm,
Brisbane, 180-82
Nutrients, 96-97
Oil depletion, 36-37
O Neill, jessie. 192
Online resources, 265-67
Oregon, 10-12,57, 152-53, 220
Organic farming, 206-8
Organic permaculture garden, 214
Overconsumption, 192
Panarchy, 99-101
Paris, 51
Participation processes, 160,
162. See also Community
participation
Partnership on Youth Empower-
ment, UN-Habitat, 164
Partnerships: approaches to,
170; bioregional, 179-82;
between cities, 183-85;
community-initiated, 176-79;
defined, 170-71; as eighth
Melbourne Principle, 168;
between farmers and con-
sumers, 179-80; government-
initiated, principles of,
171-73; international,
183-84; between municipali-
ties and businesses, 172; in
natural and indigenous Sys-
tems, 122; outcomes from,
175-76; public/private, in
school food programs, 229-30;
research, 182-83; and self-
organization of ecosystems,
102; strategies for, in cities,
171-74; for sustainability,
222. See also specific names of
partnerships
Path to Freedom project, 214
Pedestrianization, 50
Perlman, Janice, 218
Permaculture development, 51-54
Personal mobility, 125-26
Perth, Australia, 73; biodiversity
of, 2; heritage trails, 155;
rail System, 176,177;
TravelSmart, 193; visioning
process, 13; and water-sensi-
tive urban design, 149-50
Phosphorus cycle, 119-20,
248-49
Place attachment, 112. See also
Sense of place
Planet Drum, 133, 135-37
Plants, 98, 116-18
Polycentric institutions, 120-21
Population, and sustainability, 2,
34-35, 86-87, 98, 189-90
Portinari, Folco, 195-96
Portland, Oregon, 57, 152-53, 220
Poverty eradication, 217-18
Princen, Thomas, 190-91
Public/private partnerships,
229-30
Putah-Cache Bioregion Project,
California, 153
Rainforest to Rockies
Conservation Initiative, 72
Randstad, the, 71
Rees, William, 80-82, 85
Regional governance, 219-20
Regional Plan Association (RPA),
220
Regional planning bodies,
152-53
Regional rail Systems, 185
Regional sustainability fund, 220
Reinhabitation process, 112, 145
Research partnerships, 182-83
Reserves, types of, 69-73
Resilience in ecosystems, 98-102
Resource management,
traditional, 105
Response diversity, 101
Restoration work, 74-76
Richmond, Virginia, 147,148
Rosario, Argentina, 54, 56
Salmon Nation bioregion, 39, 40,
151
School food programs, 228-30
Second law of thermodynamics,
96
Index
283
Second-road thinking, 157
Self-regulation, 98, 107
Self-renewal, 98-102
Sense of Community, 50
Sense of connection, 151
Sense of place, 6, 24, 61, 69,
144-55
Seoul, South Korea, 235, 235-36
Seventh Generation, idea of, 8-9
Shanghai, China, 54
Sister-city relationships, 183
Slow movement, 195-99
Smale-scale Community technol-
Smith, Neil, 228-29
Social capital, 46, 61, 169-71,
204
Social Darwinism, 168
Social justice, 218
Social literacy, 161
Social networks, 169-71
Social resilience, 108, 121
Social security, 32, 37, 41
Socioecological Systems, 5-6
Solar economies, 44-45
So! criado System, 58
Solid elements, 96-97
SomerVille Ecovillage, Australia,
47
Songlines, 154-55
South Holland Province, 71
Speed, transit vs. traffic, 130-32
Sprawl management, 88-89
Standardization and homogeniza-
tion of communities, 145-46
Stories and storytelling, 153-54
Stormwater management, 77,
119-20
Sufficiency, and eeological
rationality, 190
Sukabumi, Indonesia, 52-53
Sulfur emissions, management
of, 86
Support Systems, decentralized,
118-20
Surface Transportation POlicy
Fartnership (STPP), 176-77
Sustainability: checklist for, 240;
Code of Conduct, 221-22; cri-
teria for, 172-73; embedding
into agencies, 221-23; ethical
questions and, 20-21; indica-
tors of, 224-27; principles of,
26-27,28-, reshaping cities to
achieve, 123-25
Sustainability credits, 58-59
Sustainability Partnership pro-
gram, 172
Sustainability projects, symbolic,
235-36
Sustainability Street, 230-31
Sustainable Calgary, Canada,
225-26
Sustainable Cities Assessment
Method (1SCAM), 226-27
Sustainable-city model, 132,
132-33
Sustainable design, 117-20
Sustainable development, 217
Sustainable ecosystems, 95,
102-3, 103, 119,205
Sustainable lifestyles, 151
Sustainable measures, 73,
134-35, 138-39, 142
Sustainable Pittsburgh, 224-25
Sustainable procurement,
194-95
Sustainable production, 188,
199-214
Sustainable Seattle, 223-24
Sustainable societies, 104,109
Sustainable Urban System .. .
for Greater Vancouver, 14
Sydney, Australia, 76
Synergie satisfiers, 16-17
Systems perspective, 92-94
Talun System, 52-53
Technologies: bioregional and
Community scale, 200,201-2,
205-6; criteria for sustainable,
205,212-13-, development of,
22; and economies of scale,
23; environmentally sound,
188,211-14
Technometabolism, 38
Teikei (food with the farmer s
face on it), 179-80
Thayer, R. L., 107, 144-45
Thermodynamics, second law of,
96
Third World cities, 87, 200, 218
Titagarh-Bandipur IWS, 209
Tokyo, 35
Toronto, Canada, 55, 166
Toronto Food Policy Council, 57
Town meetings, 163
Traffic calming, 296, 198
Traffic vs. transit speed, 130-32
Tranh Tri, Hanoi, Vietnam,
210-11
Transit-based cities, 127, 128,
142, 166. See also Vauban,
Freiburg, Germany
Transit-oriented developments,
45
Transit projects, ISTEA and, 176
Transport, public and nonmotor-
ized, 131
Transport costs per capita, 128
Transport patterns, 130
TravelSmart, Australia, 193
Travel-time budgets, 94, 125.
130
Trematodes, 210
Triple bottom-line aecounting,
32,37
True cost pricing, 39, 59-60
u
United Nations Conference on
Environment and
Development, (Earth Summit
1992), 66-67, 183-84
United Nations Environment
Program (UNEP), 22, 194,
208,210-12
United Nations Habitat program
(UN-Habitat), 164,218-21
United Nations World Summit on
284 Index
Sustainable Development
(Earth Summit 2002), 4, 9,
159-61, 174,242-43
Urban agriculture, 50-56,115,
116, 180-82, 206, 208
Urban Basic Services for the
Poor, 163-64
Urban design, water-sensitive
(WSUD), 113, 147-50
Urban Ecology Australia, 133,
138
Urban ecology projects, 113
Urban economy, 35
Urban ecosystems, 122-25
Urban ecovillages, 5, 46-49, 51,
132-33, 179
Urban ethics, 112
Urban form, and bioregion con-
nections, 150-53
Urban funnel method, 85
Urban governance, 161-63,
216-19
Urbanization, ecosystem impacts
of, 66, 129
Urban metabolism, 80, 114, 118,
226-27
Urban renewal, 121-22
Urban sustainability, 88-89
Vancouver, B.C., 51,57, 58, 166
Vancouver, Washington, 152-53,
220
Vauban, Freiburg, Germany, 133,
139, 140-41
Vehicle fuel economy, 199
Village Homes, Davis, California,
113
Village of Arts and Humanities,
Philadelphia, 60, 61
Visibility in urban design,
147-50
Visioning strategies, 15-24
Vision Statements, 4-5, 8-15,
24-30
Voluntary simplicity movement,
191-92
w
Wackernagel, Mathis, 80-82, 83
Waste materials, 97
Wastewater treatment and reuse,
113, 119-20, W,206-7,
208-11
Water, as key design element, 71
Water Challenge, 183
Water recycling, 113
Water-sensitive urban design
(WSUD), 113, 149-50
Watershed management, 164-65
Wealth, 45-46, 60, 130, 131,
192
Western Australian
Sustainability Strategy, 26-27,
28
Wilderness Society, 73
Wildlands, 71-73
Wildlife corridors, 70-72,
152-53. See also Greenway
linkages
Wonga Wetlands project, 149
World Business Council for
Sustainable Development, 174,
220-21
World Health Organization
(WHO), 24-26
Worldwatch Institute, 220
World Wide Fund for Nature
(WWF), 75
Wright, Frank Lloyd, 116-17
Yellowstone to Yukon
Conservation Initiative, 72
ZERI Brewery, 204,206-7
Zero waste, 97-98
Zürich, Switzerland, 152, 185
|
| adam_txt |
Table of Contents
Acknowledgments IX
Introduäng Cities as Sustainable Ecosystems 2
chapter i Vision 8
chapter 2 Economy and Society 32
chapter 3 Biodiversity 64
chapter 4 Ecological Footprints 80
chapter 5 Modeling Cities on Ecosystems 92
chapter 6 Sense of P/ace 144
chapter 7 Empowerment and Participation 156
chapter 8 Partnerships 168
chapter 9 Sustainable Production and Consumption 188
chapter m Governance and Hope 216
Conc/us/ons 238
APPENDIX A: Extracts from the "Local Government Dedaration
to the World Summit on Sustainable Development," 2002 242
APPENDIX B: The Carbon Cyc/e 244
APPENDIX C: The Nitrogen Cyc/e 246
APPENDIX D: The Phosphorus Cyc/e 248
APPENDIX E: The Hydrologkai Cyc/e 250
Notes 253
Glossary 259
Online Resources 265
References 269
Index 277
Index
Note: ltalicized page numbers
indicate illustrations.
Aalborg +10 Commitments,
184-85
Aboriginal culture, 154-55.
See also Indigenous cul-
tures
Adaptive cycle theory,
99-102.123-24
Adaptive learning, 107-8,
158
Adaptive management,
120-21, 183
Adelaide, Australia, 133, 138,
138-39
Agenda 21, 183-84
Agriculture, 75, 127. 206-8,
210. See also Community-
supported agriculture
(CSA); Urban agriculture
Albury, New South Wales,
149
Alexander, Christopher, 117
America 2050 project, 220
Arnes, Steven, 8-12
Amir, Hari Harsono, 51-54,
75
Anderson, E., 104-5, 156-57
Anti-freeway movement, 166
Aquaculture, 208-11
Arcata Marsh and Wildlife
Sanctuary, California, 149
Architecture, 76-77. 116-18
Arts, the, 61, 153
AtKisson, Alan, 223-24
Australian City Farms and
Community Gardens
Network, 180-82
Australian Collaboration. 178
Australian Orchid Council, 75
Australian Wildlife
Conservancy, 75
Automobile cities, 127-32
Automobile industry, 199
Autotrophic Systems. 38,
95-96, 117-19
B
Bahia de Caräquez, Ecuador,
133, 135-37
Bangkok, Thailand, 34, 132
Beatley, Timothy, 24, 50, 146
BedZED (Beddington Zero-
Energy Development},
London, 133-35. 136-37
Berg, Peter, 33. 136-37
Berkeley Food Policy Council,
California, USA, 57
Bern, Switzerland, 126
Bhatt, Vikram, 55
Biocapacity. 80-82, 84, 98,
130
Bioclimatic design. 149
Biodiversity: cities and.
68-69, 74-75: defined,
64-65; and ecosystem
resilience, 101-2, 114; in
ecosvstems, 65-66; hot
spots, 75-, landscape ele-
ments and, 70-73; and
long-term productivity, 97;
of Perth, xAustralia, 2; pro-
tection of, 66-68; as third
Melbourne Principle, 5. 64;
wildlife corridors and,
152-53
Biogeochemical cycles, 96-98
Biointensive gardening, 51.
116,206
BioMAX System, 201-2
Biomes, 65
Biomimicry, 200-203, 205
Bioregional scale: cap-and-
trade markets, 86;
economies, 39-40; ecosvs-
tems, 44; education and
celebrations, 73-74; ethno-
graphic collectivism,
151-52; mapping, 153.
165; partnerships. 179-82:
technology. 200
Bioregional voices, 231-32
Bioregions. 3, 23-24, 69-73
Biosphere. 64-65. 92
Biosphere reserves, 70-71
Bogota. Colombia. 132-33.
141-42
Bossel, H., 5-6, 94-95
Bossel's Model, 108-22
Boyden, Stephen, 16-17,18
Bradby, Keith, 73
Bremen Initiative, 172
Breweries, 206-7
278 Index
Brisbane, Australia, 153,
180-82
Brownfield development, 134
Brundtland Report, 81
Brunswick, Australia, 228
Buffer zones, 70-72
Bushfood gardens, 182
Bush regeneration, 75
Businesses: and corporate
sustainability/environmen-
tal Performance evaluation
modeis, 175; local, 41, 43;
and partnerships, 172,
174-76
Bus rapid-transit in China.
185
Buyers clubs, 184
"Buy local" campaigns, 60-61
Carbon cycle, 244-45
Carbon emissions manage -
ment, 86
Carbon neutral land develop-
ments, 134
Car dependence, 45, 50,
127-32
Carrying capacity, 80-82, 84,
98, 130
Car use, and average per capi-
ta wealth, 131
CASE (cities as sustainable
ecosystems): approach, 44,
210; characteristics and
strategies for, 110-11-,
principles of, 239; strate-
gies for creation of, 108-12
Gase studies, 7, 133. See also
individual names qfease
studies
Center for Education and
Research in Environmental
Strategies (CERES), 228
Charettes, 163, 165
Charlottesville, Virginia, 179
Cheonggyecheon projeet.
Seoul, South Korea. 235-36
Child-Friendly Cities initiative,
UNICEF, 164
Chinampas (floating gardens),
51
Christie Walk, Adelaide,
Australia, 133, 138,
138-39
Circular metabolism, 96,
118-19, 119
Cities: as arks, coneept of,
180; benefits and opportu-
nities of, 34; commerce and
emergence of, 32; compari-
son of walking, transit, and
car-dependent, 129-32; cul-
tural heritage of, 146-47;
as ecosystems, 3, 93-94;
and lack of connectedness,
115; as networks of urban
ecovillages, 132-33; per
capita resource use, 87;
shaping elements of, 144;
and size limitations, 130;
size of ancient vs. modern,
128; sprawl management
and, 88-89; sustainable
form, 132
Cities for Climate Protection,
183
Citizens' Bioregional Plan,
Northeast Ohio, 27-29
Cittaslow, 196,197
City economies, 37-39,
114-15
City-making principles, 24
Clear Paddock Creek, Sydney,
76
Climate change, 35-36
Cohousing, 138-39
Co-Intelligence Institute, 165
Colombo, Sri Lanka, 56
Commercial mechanized farm-
ing, 206
Community, sense of, 50
Community ans, 61
Community-based decision
making, 219
Community-based Watershed
Management projeet,
Brazil, 164-65
Community gardens, 50-56,
180-82, 208, 230. See also
Urban agriculture
Community-initiated partner-
ships, 176-79
Community partieipation: in
governance, 121; in inte-
grated wastewater Systems,
209; in technological devel-
opment, 200; toolkits for,
166. See also
Empowerment and partiei-
pation
Community Partieipation in
Practice (Sarkissian, Cook,
and Walsh), 166
Community rootedness, 112
Community-supported agricul-
ture (CSA), 55, 179-80,
181-82
Community sustainability
assessment, 42-43
Complementary currencies,
56, 58
Complete streets, 198
Computer networks, 205-6
Connectedness, 71-73,
100-101, 104-5, 115, 151
Connective practices, 112
Conservation economy, 39, 40
Conservation of matter, law
of, 96
Consumerism, 34, 116
Consumption of resources:
cities and, 5; demand man-
agement and, 188-89;
gasoline, 87, 198; reduc-
tions in, 89-90, 193, 199;
sustainable, 189-91;
unsustainable, 192, 194.
See also Food produetion
and consumption
Convention on Biological
Diversity, 66-67
Index
279
Cooperation, 102, 106-8,
122, 168-71, 190
Copenhagen, Denmark, 126
Core reserves, 70-72
Creativity, 106, 112
Cultural diversity, 114
Cultural heritage, 69, 146-47,
153, 157
Cultural literacy, 227-30
Curitiba, Brazil, 56-58, 59,
132
Daly, Herman, 115-16
De Duve, C, 92
Deep ecology, 21
Demand management,
188-89, 192-94
Densities, 68-69, 126, 141
Density bonuses, 58
Dervaes family garden, 214
Design with Nature (McHarg),
146
Detritivores, 97-98
Dhaka, Bangladesh, 222-23
Direct marketing approach,
CSA and, 182
Disturbances, and regenera-
tion, 99-102, 121-23
Diversity: and ecosystem
resilience, 101-2; genetic,
protection of, 75; link
between biological and cul-
tural, 66; of perspectives,
and resilience of societies,
156; protection of, 114. See
also Biodiversity
Druisberg-Nord, Germany,
147
Earth Charter, 9, 21,24-25,
33, 66
Earthshare, 81
Earth Suramit 1992, Rio de
Janeiro, 66-67, 183-84
Earth Summit 2002,
Johannesburg, 4, 9,
159-61, 174,242-43
East Calcutta Wetlands, India,
208-9
EcoCity Cleveland, 27, 177-78
Ecofootprint calculators, 82
Eco-Friend Project, Sukabumi,
53
Ecolabeling, 60-61
Ecoliteracy, 74, 161, 227, 229
Ecological architecture,
116-18
Ecological design core princi-
ples, 145
Ecological diversity, and
resilience, 101-2, 114
Ecological fallows, 69
Ecological footprints: analy-
ses of, 82-84; of BedZED,
135; and biocapacity,
80-82; of cities, reduction
of, 74; consumption of
resources and, 89-90; as
fourth Melbourne Principle,
5; as fourth Melbourne
principle, 80; of London,
84-, strategies for reduction
of, 85-90; strengths and
weaknesses of, 85; and
sustainable cities, 88-89
Ecological memory, 101-2
Ecological processes, visibility
of, 112, 146-49
Ecological resilience, defined,
99
Ecomax System, 201-2
Economic growth, 123
Economic security, 32, 37, 41
Economic sufficiency, 190-91
Economies: city, 34-39; in life
communities and ecosys-
tems, 37-38; local and
bioregional, 45, 114-16:
national, 34; new fifth
cycle, 200; solar, 44; sus-
tainability-based, 37; tradi-
tional, 106
Economy and society, 5,
32-34
Ecopsychologists, 19
Eco-revelatory design,
147-49
EcoSmart, 193
Ecosystems: assessments of,
and ecological footprint
reduction, 86; characteris-
tics of, 92; complexity of,
64-65; dynamics of, 100;
health of, 95-97; life com-
munities and economies in,
37-38; in low-density sub-
urban development, 68-69;
nerwork structure of,
157-58; productivity of,
97; species-rich, 65; young
vs. mature. 123-25
Ecosystem Services, 65-66,
67, 68, 71-73
Ecosystem succession model,
94, 122-25
Ecotrust, 39,40, 151
Ecovillages, 46-49, 132-33,
138-39,178-79
Edible Landscape project,
55-56
Edible Schoolyard, 228-29
Education and literacy,
73-74, 153, 161, 164,20?.
227-30
Efrkiency. 190
Elgin, Duane, 190
Embong Brantas Project,
201-2
Empowerment and participa-
tion: commitment to,
159-61; and the disem-
powered, 163-65; and good
governance, 217-19; indi-
cators of, 158; meaning of,
156-57; resource base
development for, 165-67;
as seventh Melbourne prin-
ciple, 6, 156; strategies for.
159-66
280 Index
Energy balance, 83
Energy budgets, 39
Environmental citizenshtp, 159
Environmental degradation, 19
Environmental disruptions, 2-3
Environmental ethics, 21,2,?
Environmentally Sensitive Areas
(ESA) methodology, 165
Environs Australia, 172-73,
230-31
Envision Sustainability Tools, 14
Ephemeral reserves, 69
EST (Environmentally Sound
Technologies), 188, 211-14,
212-13
Ethnoecology Database, 151-52
European Sustainable Cities and
Towns Campaign, 184-85
Evodeviation principle, 17
Evolution, 64, 169
Exports, in bioregional
economies, 40
Extended Metabolism Model, 27,
29
External agents, in empower-
ment and participation, 157
Extrasomatic energy, cities and,
38
Factor Four agenda, 193, 199
Factor Ten agenda, 199
False Creek, Vancouver, B.C., 51
Farming, high-intensity, 51, 116,
206. See also Urban agricul-
ture
Feedback loops, 98, 107-8, 189,
217
Fifth cycle economy, new, 200
Figure-eight cyde, 100-101
Flavin, Chris, 220
Food First, 208
Food Gardens Foundation, 54-55
Food policy Councils, 55,57
Food production and consump-
tion, 113-14, 116, 120,
181-82, 209-10
Food security, 56
Fossil fuel energy, 44-45
Fremantle, Australia, 147,
193-94
Functional redundancy, 101
Ganga Action Plan, 209
Garbage program, Curitiba,
Brazil, 58
Garden City, the, 115, 116
Gasoline consumption, 87, 128,
198
Gaudi, 116-17
Geographie information Systems
(GIS), 151
Glass pyramid, 113
Global Campaign on Urban
Governance, 218-19
Global cycles, 96
Global ecological footprint, 81,
86-87
Global ecosystem, 44, 68, 81
Global Ecovillage Network, 41,
46, 178-79
Global governance, 220
Globalization, 3, 33, 145, 195
Global Roundtable on Climate
Change, 174-75
Glossary, 259-64
Gondwana Links, 72, 73
Governance and hope: civic par-
ticipation in, 121, 156; goals
for, 26-27; local, bioregional,
and global, 219-21; strategies
for, 217-36; as tenth
Melbourne Principle, 6-7, 216
Government-initiated partner-
ships. 171-73
Government subsidies, 41, 60
Greater Pittsburgh Community
Food Bank, 229-30
Greater Southwest bioregion,
USA, 151-52
Greater Vancouver Regional
District, B.C., 14
Green-Blue Meander, 71
GreenCityBlueLake, Ohio, 177-78
Green Communities Assistance
Kit, 166
Green Harvest food program,
229-30
Greenhouse Gas Protocol, 174
Greening Sydney (Johnson), 116
Greening the urban environment,
76-77
Greenpeace, 174
Green roofs, 77, 77
Green Spaces, 114
Greenway linkages, 152-53
Growth management techniques,
87
H
Hallsmith, Gwendolyn, 14
Hamilton, Clive, 190-91
Hannover Principles, 117
Hartz-Karp, Janette, 158, 165
Havana, Cuba, 55, 208
Hawken, Paul, 221
Healing circles, 161
Health needs of humans, 106
Healthy Cities movement, 24-26
Heritage trails, 154-55
HeroDollars, 56
Heterotrophic ecosystems, 38, 96
Highway-to-transit transiüon, 45
Hobart, Australia, 153
Holling, C. S., 99-101, 100
Hopper, Steve, 75
Horizontal Integration in part-
nerships, 170-71
Household sustainability pro-
grams, 193-94
Howard, Ebenezer, 115, 116
Human ecology approach,
125-33
Human needs, 16-17,18, 106,
189-91
Human produetivity, 199
Humans, and CASE approach, 94
Humboldt Bay, California, 149
Hume Dam, Australia, 149
Hydrological cycle, 250-51
Index
281
I
Imagine Chicago, 14
Inclusive City theme, 218-19
Indicator projects, 223-27
Indigenous cultures: and adap-
tive learning, 107-8, 158; dia-
logue and healing in, 161; and
ethics, 21, 105; moral teach-
ings of, 104-5; safeguarding
knowledge of, 121; and sense
of place, 154; sense of place
and, as context, 145-46; and
solar energy, 44; songlines in,
154-55; and sustainable soci-
eties, 104; and visions for the
future, 15-16
Industrial age, 188-89, 199
Industrial development, 176
Industrial ecology/metabolism,
203^1
Industrial Energy Technology
Conference (IETC), 194, 208,
211-12
Industrial Systems, 119
Industrial waste, 210
Inequity reduction, 217-19
Information sharing, 176
Information technology, 200
Infrastructure, 43-46, 58, 69,
76-77
Institutional memory, 107, 121
Institutional structures, 120-21
Integrated wetland System (IWS),
209
Intentional communities, 46-47.
See also Ecovillages
Interfaith Partnership on the
Environment, UNEP, 22
Intermodal Surface Transportation
EffkiencyAct (ISTEA), 176-77
International Center for
Sustainable Cities, Vancouver,
B.C., 183
International Development
Research Center (IDRQ, 55
International partnerships,
183-84
Iroquois Confederacy, 8-9
ISTEA. See Intermodal Surface
Transportation Efficiency Act
(ISTEA)
Ithaca Ecovillage, New York, 46
J
Jacobs, Erica, 54-55
Jacobs, Jane, 166, 166, 239
Jevons Paradox, 199
Johnson, Chris, 76-77, 116
K
Kampala, Uganda, 56
Karakamia Wildlife Sanctuary, 75
Kings Park, Perth, 75
Knoxville, Tennessee, 55
Kodja Place, Kojonup, Australia,
232-33,233-34
Kolding, Denmark, 113
K'un-ming Urban Development
and Public Transportation
Masterplan, 185
Kwinana, Australia, 175, 204
Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower
Center, 74, 76
Landry, Charles, 24
Large Cities Climate Leadership
Group (C40 Cities), 184
Life-places, 23-24, 144-45
Life with dignity, 17-19
Linear metabolism, 96, 118,119
Literacy and education, 153,
161, 164
Livable Region Strategie Plan,
Vancouver, B.C., 13
Living Planet Report, 80-81,
83-84
Living Smart program, 193-94
Local Agenda 21, 183-84, 209,
221
Local Exchange Trading Systems
(LETS), 56
Local food movement. 35
Local governance, 82, 219
Local Govemments for
Sustainability (formerly ICLEI),
183, 221
Local scale, in CASE, 38
London, England, 84, 133-35,
136-37, 198
Long-Term Ecological Research
program, and CASE approach,
93
Los Angeles Ecovillage, 47-49
M
MacTiernan, Alannah, 160
Makkinga, Holland, 198
Malang Sewerage System,
Indonesia, 201-2
Malmo, UK, 86
Manchester, England, 226-27
Marchetti constant, 125-26, 130
Maslow. Abraham, 16
Material flow management,
industrial ecology and. 203
Max-Neef, Manfred, 16-17.
32-33
McDonough, William, 77,
117-18
McCill Reporter, McGill
University, 55
McHarg, Ian, 146
Megabiodiversity, 66
Megacities, 35, 87, 222-23
Melbourne Principles, 4, 9,240.
See also individual principles
Memorials, 147
Mesopotamian cities, 126-27
Metabolism: circular, 96, 118-19.
119-, industrial, 203-4; tech-
no-, 38; urban, 80
Metacities, 35
Millennium Ecosystem
Assessment (MA), 68
Modeling cities on ecosystems.
as fifth Melbourne Principle,
5-6. 92
Mollison, Bill, 51
Montreal, Canada, 55
Moore, Susan, 23-24
282 Index
More-than-human world, 19-20,
112-14
Murphy, Catherine, 208
N
Naked streets, 198, 198
National Food Program, Cuba, 208
Nations, and governance, 219
Natural ecosystems, 5-6, 122,
169,217
Natural heritage of cities, 146-47
Natural resource management
partnerships, 183
Nature.- in early cities, 127;
human affiliation with, 20;
lessons from, in biomimicry
and permaculture, 205-, Sys-
tems of, as model for human
innovations, 3
Nature Conservancy, 73
Nature reserve System, 69
Negative feedback, 98
Neighborhood renewal, 121-22,
230-31
Netherlands, 196
Network of Regional
Governments for Sustainable
Development (nrg4SD), 221
Networks: across sectors, 176;
as basic pattern of life, 169;
coevolution of, 97; in nature,
168-69; social, 169-71; as
structure of ecosystems,
157-58; of urban ecovillages,
cities as, 132-33. See also
specific network names
New York City, 27
New York Regional Plan
Association (RPA), 220
Nitrogen cycle, 119-20, 246-47
Northey Street City Farm,
Brisbane, 180-82
Nutrients, 96-97
Oil depletion, 36-37
O'Neill, jessie. 192
Online resources, 265-67
Oregon, 10-12,57, 152-53, 220
Organic farming, 206-8
Organic permaculture garden, 214
Overconsumption, 192
Panarchy, 99-101
Paris, 51
Participation processes, 160,
162. See also Community
participation
Partnership on Youth Empower-
ment, UN-Habitat, 164
Partnerships: approaches to,
170; bioregional, 179-82;
between cities, 183-85;
community-initiated, 176-79;
defined, 170-71; as eighth
Melbourne Principle, 168;
between farmers and con-
sumers, 179-80; government-
initiated, principles of,
171-73; international,
183-84; between municipali-
ties and businesses, 172; in
natural and indigenous Sys-
tems, 122; outcomes from,
175-76; public/private, in
school food programs, 229-30;
research, 182-83; and self-
organization of ecosystems,
102; strategies for, in cities,
171-74; for sustainability,
222. See also specific names of
partnerships
Path to Freedom project, 214
Pedestrianization, 50
Perlman, Janice, 218
Permaculture development, 51-54
Personal mobility, 125-26
Perth, Australia, 73; biodiversity
of, 2; heritage trails, 155;
rail System, 176,177;
TravelSmart, 193; visioning
process, 13; and water-sensi-
tive urban design, 149-50
Phosphorus cycle, 119-20,
248-49
Place attachment, 112. See also
Sense of place
Planet Drum, 133, 135-37
Plants, 98, 116-18
Polycentric institutions, 120-21
Population, and sustainability, 2,
34-35, 86-87, 98, 189-90
Portinari, Folco, 195-96
Portland, Oregon, 57, 152-53, 220
Poverty eradication, 217-18
Princen, Thomas, 190-91
Public/private partnerships,
229-30
Putah-Cache Bioregion Project,
California, 153
Rainforest to Rockies
Conservation Initiative, 72
Randstad, the, 71
Rees, William, 80-82, 85
Regional governance, 219-20
Regional Plan Association (RPA),
220
Regional planning bodies,
152-53
Regional rail Systems, 185
Regional sustainability fund, 220
Reinhabitation process, 112, 145
Research partnerships, 182-83
Reserves, types of, 69-73
Resilience in ecosystems, 98-102
Resource management,
traditional, 105
Response diversity, 101
Restoration work, 74-76
Richmond, Virginia, 147,148
Rosario, Argentina, 54, 56
Salmon Nation bioregion, 39, 40,
151
School food programs, 228-30
Second law of thermodynamics,
96
Index
283
Second-road thinking, 157
Self-regulation, 98, 107
Self-renewal, 98-102
Sense of Community, 50
Sense of connection, 151
Sense of place, 6, 24, 61, 69,
144-55
Seoul, South Korea, 235, 235-36
Seventh Generation, idea of, 8-9
Shanghai, China, 54
Sister-city relationships, 183
Slow movement, 195-99
Smale-scale Community technol-
Smith, Neil, 228-29
Social capital, 46, 61, 169-71,
204
Social Darwinism, 168
Social justice, 218
Social literacy, 161
Social networks, 169-71
Social resilience, 108, 121
Social security, 32, 37, 41
Socioecological Systems, 5-6
Solar economies, 44-45
So! criado System, 58
Solid elements, 96-97
SomerVille Ecovillage, Australia,
47
Songlines, 154-55
South Holland Province, 71
Speed, transit vs. traffic, 130-32
Sprawl management, 88-89
Standardization and homogeniza-
tion of communities, 145-46
Stories and storytelling, 153-54
Stormwater management, 77,
119-20
Sufficiency, and eeological
rationality, 190
Sukabumi, Indonesia, 52-53
Sulfur emissions, management
of, 86
Support Systems, decentralized,
118-20
Surface Transportation POlicy
Fartnership (STPP), 176-77
Sustainability: checklist for, 240;
Code of Conduct, 221-22; cri-
teria for, 172-73; embedding
into agencies, 221-23; ethical
questions and, 20-21; indica-
tors of, 224-27; principles of,
26-27,28-, reshaping cities to
achieve, 123-25
Sustainability credits, 58-59
Sustainability Partnership pro-
gram, 172
Sustainability projects, symbolic,
235-36
Sustainability Street, 230-31
Sustainable Calgary, Canada,
225-26
Sustainable Cities Assessment
Method (1SCAM), 226-27
Sustainable-city model, 132,
132-33
Sustainable design, 117-20
Sustainable development, 217
Sustainable ecosystems, 95,
102-3, 103, 119,205
Sustainable lifestyles, 151
Sustainable measures, 73,
134-35, 138-39, 142
Sustainable Pittsburgh, 224-25
Sustainable procurement,
194-95
Sustainable production, 188,
199-214
Sustainable Seattle, 223-24
Sustainable societies, 104,109
"Sustainable Urban System . .
for Greater Vancouver," 14
Sydney, Australia, 76
Synergie satisfiers, 16-17
Systems perspective, 92-94
Talun System, 52-53
Technologies: bioregional and
Community scale, 200,201-2,
205-6; criteria for sustainable,
205,212-13-, development of,
22; and economies of scale,
23; environmentally sound,
188,211-14
Technometabolism, 38
Teikei (food with the farmer's
face on it), 179-80
Thayer, R. L., 107, 144-45
Thermodynamics, second law of,
96
Third World cities, 87, 200, 218
Titagarh-Bandipur IWS, 209
Tokyo, 35
Toronto, Canada, 55, 166
Toronto Food Policy Council, 57
Town meetings, 163
Traffic calming, 296, 198
Traffic vs. transit speed, 130-32
Tranh Tri, Hanoi, Vietnam,
210-11
Transit-based cities, 127, 128,
142, 166. See also Vauban,
Freiburg, Germany
Transit-oriented developments,
45
Transit projects, ISTEA and, 176
Transport, public and nonmotor-
ized, 131
Transport costs per capita, 128
Transport patterns, 130
TravelSmart, Australia, 193
Travel-time budgets, 94, 125.
130
Trematodes, 210
Triple bottom-line aecounting,
32,37
True cost pricing, 39, 59-60
u
United Nations Conference on
Environment and
Development, (Earth Summit
1992), 66-67, 183-84
United Nations Environment
Program (UNEP), 22, 194,
208,210-12
United Nations Habitat program
(UN-Habitat), 164,218-21
United Nations World Summit on
284 Index
Sustainable Development
(Earth Summit 2002), 4, 9,
159-61, 174,242-43
Urban agriculture, 50-56,115,
116, 180-82, 206, 208
Urban Basic Services for the
Poor, 163-64
Urban design, water-sensitive
(WSUD), 113, 147-50
Urban Ecology Australia, 133,
138
Urban ecology projects, 113
Urban economy, 35
Urban ecosystems, 122-25
Urban ecovillages, 5, 46-49, 51,
132-33, 179
Urban ethics, 112
Urban form, and bioregion con-
nections, 150-53
Urban funnel method, 85
Urban governance, 161-63,
216-19
Urbanization, ecosystem impacts
of, 66, 129
Urban metabolism, 80, 114, 118,
226-27
Urban renewal, 121-22
Urban sustainability, 88-89
Vancouver, B.C., 51,57, 58, 166
Vancouver, Washington, 152-53,
220
Vauban, Freiburg, Germany, 133,
139, 140-41
Vehicle fuel economy, 199
Village Homes, Davis, California,
113
Village of Arts and Humanities,
Philadelphia, 60, 61
Visibility in urban design,
147-50
Visioning strategies, 15-24
Vision Statements, 4-5, 8-15,
24-30
Voluntary simplicity movement,
191-92
w
Wackernagel, Mathis, 80-82, 83
Waste materials, 97
Wastewater treatment and reuse,
113, 119-20, \W,206-7,
208-11
Water, as key design element, 71
Water Challenge, 183
Water recycling, 113
Water-sensitive urban design
(WSUD), 113, 149-50
Watershed management, 164-65
Wealth, 45-46, 60, 130, 131,
192
Western Australian
Sustainability Strategy, 26-27,
28
Wilderness Society, 73
Wildlands, 71-73
Wildlife corridors, 70-72,
152-53. See also Greenway
linkages
Wonga Wetlands project, 149
World Business Council for
Sustainable Development, 174,
220-21
World Health Organization
(WHO), 24-26
Worldwatch Institute, 220
World Wide Fund for Nature
(WWF), 75
Wright, Frank Lloyd, 116-17
Yellowstone to Yukon
Conservation Initiative, 72
ZERI Brewery, 204,206-7
Zero waste, 97-98
Zürich, Switzerland, 152, 185 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Newman, Peter 1949- Jennings, Isabella |
| author_GND | (DE-588)124180221 |
| author_facet | Newman, Peter 1949- Jennings, Isabella |
| author_role | aut aut |
| author_sort | Newman, Peter 1949- |
| author_variant | p n pn i j ij |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV023189400 |
| callnumber-first | H - Social Science |
| callnumber-label | HT241 |
| callnumber-raw | HT241 |
| callnumber-search | HT241 |
| callnumber-sort | HT 3241 |
| callnumber-subject | HT - Communities, Classes, Races |
| classification_rvk | AR 27300 |
| classification_tum | ARC 915f |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)153772870 (DE-599)BVBBV023189400 |
| dewey-full | 307.76 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 307 - Communities |
| dewey-raw | 307.76 |
| dewey-search | 307.76 |
| dewey-sort | 3307.76 |
| dewey-tens | 300 - Social sciences |
| discipline | Allgemeines Architektur Soziologie |
| discipline_str_mv | Allgemeines Architektur Soziologie |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>02973nam a2200517 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV023189400</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20111102 </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">080228s2008 abd| |||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781597261876</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-59726187-6</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1597261874</subfield><subfield code="9">1-59726187-4</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781597261883</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-59726188-3</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1597261882</subfield><subfield code="9">1-59726188-2</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)153772870</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV023189400</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-1028</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-83</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">HT241</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">307.76</subfield><subfield code="2">22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">AR 27300</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)8617:</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ARC 915f</subfield><subfield code="2">stub</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Newman, Peter</subfield><subfield code="d">1949-</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)124180221</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Cities as sustainable ecosystems</subfield><subfield code="b">principles and practices</subfield><subfield code="c">Peter Newman ; Isabella Jennings</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Washington [u.a.]</subfield><subfield code="b">Island Press</subfield><subfield code="c">2008</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">X, 284 S.</subfield><subfield code="b">Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">In the early years of the new millennium humankind faces the challenge of moving onto a more sustainable path. Cities, now home to almost half of humanity, are growing faster than ever before in human history. While cities provide expanding economic opportunities in the new global economy, they are also big contributors to environmental disruption both within and well beyond their boundaries, and many are experiencing growing social problems. Thus, cities have a critical role to play in achieving sustainability. Cities as Sustainable Ecosystems (CASE) offers a way forward. The central notion is that the best innovations in human history have arisen by learning from and modelling natural systems. Cities need to develop this perspective. The ecosystem viewpoint is an inclusive one that sees humans as part of social-ecological systems - local ecosystems through bioregions to the biosphere - where the focus is on relationships and processes which support life in its myriad forms, especially partnerships and cooperation.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Urban ecology</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Sustainable development</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Nachhaltigkeit</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Sustainable development</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Urban ecology (Sociology)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Stadtökologie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4077809-5</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Stadtgestaltung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4077804-6</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Nachhaltigkeit</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4326464-5</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Stadtökologie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4077809-5</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Stadtgestaltung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4077804-6</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Nachhaltigkeit</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4326464-5</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="C">b</subfield><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Jennings, Isabella</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">HBZ Datenaustausch</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016375820&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016375820</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| id | DE-604.BV023189400 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T20:04:13Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:12:39Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781597261876 1597261874 9781597261883 1597261882 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016375820 |
| oclc_num | 153772870 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-1028 DE-83 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-1028 DE-83 |
| physical | X, 284 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSearch | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | Island Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Newman, Peter 1949- Verfasser (DE-588)124180221 aut Cities as sustainable ecosystems principles and practices Peter Newman ; Isabella Jennings Washington [u.a.] Island Press 2008 X, 284 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier In the early years of the new millennium humankind faces the challenge of moving onto a more sustainable path. Cities, now home to almost half of humanity, are growing faster than ever before in human history. While cities provide expanding economic opportunities in the new global economy, they are also big contributors to environmental disruption both within and well beyond their boundaries, and many are experiencing growing social problems. Thus, cities have a critical role to play in achieving sustainability. Cities as Sustainable Ecosystems (CASE) offers a way forward. The central notion is that the best innovations in human history have arisen by learning from and modelling natural systems. Cities need to develop this perspective. The ecosystem viewpoint is an inclusive one that sees humans as part of social-ecological systems - local ecosystems through bioregions to the biosphere - where the focus is on relationships and processes which support life in its myriad forms, especially partnerships and cooperation. Urban ecology Sustainable development Nachhaltigkeit Urban ecology (Sociology) Stadtökologie (DE-588)4077809-5 gnd rswk-swf Stadtgestaltung (DE-588)4077804-6 gnd rswk-swf Nachhaltigkeit (DE-588)4326464-5 gnd rswk-swf Stadtökologie (DE-588)4077809-5 s Stadtgestaltung (DE-588)4077804-6 s Nachhaltigkeit (DE-588)4326464-5 s b DE-604 Jennings, Isabella Verfasser aut HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016375820&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Newman, Peter 1949- Jennings, Isabella Cities as sustainable ecosystems principles and practices Urban ecology Sustainable development Nachhaltigkeit Urban ecology (Sociology) Stadtökologie (DE-588)4077809-5 gnd Stadtgestaltung (DE-588)4077804-6 gnd Nachhaltigkeit (DE-588)4326464-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4077809-5 (DE-588)4077804-6 (DE-588)4326464-5 |
| title | Cities as sustainable ecosystems principles and practices |
| title_auth | Cities as sustainable ecosystems principles and practices |
| title_exact_search | Cities as sustainable ecosystems principles and practices |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Cities as sustainable ecosystems principles and practices |
| title_full | Cities as sustainable ecosystems principles and practices Peter Newman ; Isabella Jennings |
| title_fullStr | Cities as sustainable ecosystems principles and practices Peter Newman ; Isabella Jennings |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cities as sustainable ecosystems principles and practices Peter Newman ; Isabella Jennings |
| title_short | Cities as sustainable ecosystems |
| title_sort | cities as sustainable ecosystems principles and practices |
| title_sub | principles and practices |
| topic | Urban ecology Sustainable development Nachhaltigkeit Urban ecology (Sociology) Stadtökologie (DE-588)4077809-5 gnd Stadtgestaltung (DE-588)4077804-6 gnd Nachhaltigkeit (DE-588)4326464-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Urban ecology Sustainable development Nachhaltigkeit Urban ecology (Sociology) Stadtökologie Stadtgestaltung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016375820&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT newmanpeter citiesassustainableecosystemsprinciplesandpractices AT jenningsisabella citiesassustainableecosystemsprinciplesandpractices |