Politeness in Mexico and the United States: a contrastive study of the realization and perception of refusals
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Amsterdam [u.a.]
Benjamins
2008
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Pragmatics & Beyond / New series
171 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Klappentext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIV, 195 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 902725415X 9789027254153 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Politeness in Mexico and the United States |b a contrastive study of the realization and perception of refusals |c J. César Félix-Brasdefer |
| 264 | 1 | |a Amsterdam [u.a.] |b Benjamins |c 2008 | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | This book explores the issue of politeness phenomena and socially
appropriate behavior in two societies, Mexico and the United States,
in three different contexts: refusing invitations, requests, and
suggestions. In addition to a state-of-the-art review of the speech
act of refusals in numerous languages, the book provides a rigorous
analysis of data collection methods utilized to examine speech act
behavior at the production and perception levels. Many examples of
native speaker interactions illustrate the similarities and differences
observed in the realization patterns and the perception of refusals by
Mexicans and Americans in formal and informal situations. The data
are analyzed in terms of refusal sequences and pragmatic strategies
which are strategically used to carry out relational work during the
negotiation of face. The results of the quantitative and qualitative
analyses are interpreted in light of the notions of face, politeness,
and relational work in Mexico and the United States. This publication
will be of interest to researchers and students in pragmatics and
discourse analysis, cross-cultural communication, and sociology.
Titel: Politeness in Mexico and the United States
Autor: Félix-Brasdefer, J. César
Jahr: 2008
Table of contents
List of figures and tables ix
Transcription conventions xi
Acknowledgements xiii
Introduction i
CHAPTER 1
The scope of politeness 7
1.1 Introduction 7
1.2 Origins of polite behavior: Past to present 7
1.3 The politeness 1 vspoliteness2 distinction 10
1.4 Grice s cooperative principle and the maxim of politeness 11
1.5 Face/facework, politeness, and relational work 13
1.5.1 GofFman s notion of face and facework 13
1.5.2 Lakoff s rules of politeness 15
1.5.3 Leech s politeness principles 16
1.5.4 Brown and Levinson s universal model of linguistic politeness 17
1.5.5 Fräsers conversational contract 21
1.5.6 Arndt and Janneys supportive facework and
interpersonal politeness 23
1.5.7 Spencer-Oatey s view of rapport management 24
1.5.8 Ides typology of linguistic politeness:
Discernment and volition 25
1.5.9 Haverkate s typology of politeness strategies: Functional and
formal categories 26
1.5.10 Scollon Scollon s intercultural communication
and face systems 27
1.5.11 Watts politic behavior and relational work 29
1.5.12 The current study: Face, relational work,
and polite behavior 31
1.6 Concluding remarks 33
vi Politeness in Mexico and the United States
CHAPTER 2
Speech acts in context: Refusals 35
2.1 Introduction 35
2.2 Speech act theory 35
2.3 Speech act theory as an approach for examining speech
act sequences 39
2.3.1 Internal modification of a refusal sequence:
Epistemic markers 40
2.4 Speech acts in context 41
2.5 The speech act of refusals 42
2.5.1 Empirical studies on refusals 44
2.5.2 Studies on English and Spanish refusals 51
2.6 Concluding remarks 55
chapter 3
Methodology and organization of the study 57
3.1 Introduction 57
3.2 Methodological issues: Data collection methods
in pragmatics research 57
3.2.1 Ethnographic data 58
3.2.2 Production questionnaires: Discourse completion tasks 59
3.2.3 Role plays 60
3.2.4 Verbal reports 60
3.3 Organization of the current study 62
3.3.1 Participants 62
3.3.2 Instrumentation 63
3.4 Pilot study 64
3.4.1 Participants, instrumentation, and data collection procedures 65
3.4.2 Results of the pilot study 66
3.5 Data collection procedures for the current study 68
3.5.1 Role-play scenarios used in the present study 68
3.5.2 Retrospective verbal reports 71
3.6 Pragmatic strategies as manifestations of relational work 72
3.6.1 Pragmatic strategies that comprise the speech act set
of refusals 72
3.6.1.1 Direct refusals 73
3.6.1.2 Indirect refusals 74
3.6.1.3 Adjuncts to refusals 79
Table of contents vii
3.6.2 Internal modification of a refusal sequence:
Expressions of epistemic modality 8i
3.7 Data analysis 82
chapter 4
Results: Relational work and linguistic politeness: The negotiation
of refusals by Mexicans and Americans 85
4.1 Introduction 85
4.2 Refusal strategies as manifestations of relational work 86
4.3 Individual variability and speech act production 92
4.4 Face systems and situational variation 94
4.4.1 Hierarchical face system: Farewell, Bookstore,
Advisor (+P, +D) 96
4.4.1.1 The negotiation of face in an employee-boss relationship:
Farewell and Bookstore 96
4.4.1.2 Refusing a professor s suggestion: Advisor (+P, +D) 102
4.4.2 Deference face system - Notes (-P, +D) 108
4.4.3 Solidarity face system - Birthday and Bar (-P, -D) 113
4.4.3.1 Declining an invitation from a friend -
Birthday (-D) 114
4.4.3.2 Refusing a friends suggestion to go to a bar -
Bar (-D) 120
4.5 Internal modification of the refusal sequence:
Expressions of epistemic modality 126
4.5.1 Mental state predicates 128
4.5.2 Modal adverbs 131
4.5.3 Degree modifiers 132
4.5.4 Tag questions 134
4.6 Concluding remarks 136
chapter 5
Results: Perceptions of politeness: Cultural values of refusals among
Mexicans and Americans 139
5.1 Introduction 139
5.2 Cognition: Attention to linguistic and sociocultural information 139
5.2.1 Perception of refusals in a hierarchical face system (+P, +D) 140
5.2.2 Perception of refusals in a deference face system (-P, +D) 144
5.2.3 Perception of refusals in a solidarity face system (-P, -D) 147
5.3 Perception of directness or indirectness 149
vin Politeness in Mexico and the United States
5.4 Perception regarding an insistence in the act of declining
an invitation 153
5.5 Concluding remarks 156
chapter 6
Conclusions and discussion 159
6.1 Introductory remarks 159
6.2 The negotiation of a refusal and face systems 160
6.2.1 Forms of address and linguistic politeness 162
6.3 Insistence as a discourse strategy 163
6.4 The discourse function of epistemic expressions: Internal modification
of a refusal 164
6.5 Perceptions of politeness 165
6.6 The notion of face in Mexico 166
6.7 Refusals across languages 168
6.8 Issues on research methodology and implications
for future research 172
References 175
Appendix 185
Author index 191
Subject index 193
|
| adam_txt |
This book explores the issue of politeness phenomena and socially
appropriate behavior in two societies, Mexico and the United States,
in three different contexts: refusing invitations, requests, and
suggestions. In addition to a state-of-the-art review of the speech
act of refusals in numerous languages, the book provides a rigorous
analysis of data collection methods utilized to examine speech act
behavior at the production and perception levels. Many examples of
native speaker interactions illustrate the similarities and differences
observed in the realization patterns and the perception of refusals by
Mexicans and Americans in formal and informal situations. The data
are analyzed in terms of refusal sequences and pragmatic strategies
which are strategically used to carry out relational work during the
negotiation of face. The results of the quantitative and qualitative
analyses are interpreted in light of the notions of face, politeness,
and relational work in Mexico and the United States. This publication
will be of interest to researchers and students in pragmatics and
discourse analysis, cross-cultural communication, and sociology.
Titel: Politeness in Mexico and the United States
Autor: Félix-Brasdefer, J. César
Jahr: 2008
Table of contents
List of figures and tables ix
Transcription conventions xi
Acknowledgements xiii
Introduction i
CHAPTER 1
The scope of politeness 7
1.1 Introduction 7
1.2 Origins of polite behavior: Past to present 7
1.3 The politeness 1 vspoliteness2 distinction 10
1.4 Grice's cooperative principle and the maxim of politeness 11
1.5 Face/facework, politeness, and relational work 13
1.5.1 GofFman's notion of 'face' and facework 13
1.5.2 Lakoff s rules of politeness 15
1.5.3 Leech's politeness principles 16
1.5.4 Brown and Levinson's universal model of linguistic politeness 17
1.5.5 Fräsers conversational contract 21
1.5.6 Arndt and Janneys' supportive facework and
interpersonal politeness 23
1.5.7 Spencer-Oatey's view of rapport management 24
1.5.8 Ides typology of linguistic politeness:
Discernment and volition 25
1.5.9 Haverkate's typology of politeness strategies: Functional and
formal categories 26
1.5.10 Scollon Scollon's intercultural communication
and face systems 27
1.5.11 Watts' politic behavior and relational work 29
1.5.12 The current study: Face, relational work,
and polite behavior 31
1.6 Concluding remarks 33
vi Politeness in Mexico and the United States
CHAPTER 2
Speech acts in context: Refusals 35
2.1 Introduction 35
2.2 Speech act theory 35
2.3 Speech act theory as an approach for examining speech
act sequences 39
2.3.1 Internal modification of a refusal sequence:
Epistemic markers 40
2.4 Speech acts in context 41
2.5 The speech act of refusals 42
2.5.1 Empirical studies on refusals 44
2.5.2 Studies on English and Spanish refusals 51
2.6 Concluding remarks 55
chapter 3
Methodology and organization of the study 57
3.1 Introduction 57
3.2 Methodological issues: Data collection methods
in pragmatics research 57
3.2.1 Ethnographic data 58
3.2.2 Production questionnaires: Discourse completion tasks 59
3.2.3 Role plays 60
3.2.4 Verbal reports 60
3.3 Organization of the current study 62
3.3.1 Participants 62
3.3.2 Instrumentation 63
3.4 Pilot study 64
3.4.1 Participants, instrumentation, and data collection procedures 65
3.4.2 Results of the pilot study 66
3.5 Data collection procedures for the current study 68
3.5.1 Role-play scenarios used in the present study 68
3.5.2 Retrospective verbal reports 71
3.6 Pragmatic strategies as manifestations of relational work 72
3.6.1 Pragmatic strategies that comprise the speech act set
of refusals 72
3.6.1.1 Direct refusals 73
3.6.1.2 Indirect refusals 74
3.6.1.3 Adjuncts to refusals 79
Table of contents vii
3.6.2 Internal modification of a refusal sequence:
Expressions of epistemic modality 8i
3.7 Data analysis 82
chapter 4
Results: Relational work and linguistic politeness: The negotiation
of refusals by Mexicans and Americans 85
4.1 Introduction 85
4.2 Refusal strategies as manifestations of relational work 86
4.3 Individual variability and speech act production 92
4.4 Face systems and situational variation 94
4.4.1 Hierarchical face system: Farewell, Bookstore,
Advisor (+P, +D) 96
4.4.1.1 The negotiation of face in an employee-boss relationship:
Farewell and Bookstore 96
4.4.1.2 Refusing a professor's suggestion: Advisor (+P, +D) 102
4.4.2 Deference face system - Notes (-P, +D) 108
4.4.3 Solidarity face system - Birthday and Bar (-P, -D) 113
4.4.3.1 Declining an invitation from a friend -
Birthday (-D) 114
4.4.3.2 Refusing a friends suggestion to go to a bar -
Bar (-D) 120
4.5 Internal modification of the refusal sequence:
Expressions of epistemic modality 126
4.5.1 Mental state predicates 128
4.5.2 Modal adverbs 131
4.5.3 Degree modifiers 132
4.5.4 Tag questions 134
4.6 Concluding remarks 136
chapter 5
Results: Perceptions of politeness: Cultural values of refusals among
Mexicans and Americans 139
5.1 Introduction 139
5.2 Cognition: Attention to linguistic and sociocultural information 139
5.2.1 Perception of refusals in a hierarchical face system (+P, +D) 140
5.2.2 Perception of refusals in a deference face system (-P, +D) 144
5.2.3 Perception of refusals in a solidarity face system (-P, -D) 147
5.3 Perception of directness or indirectness 149
vin Politeness in Mexico and the United States
5.4 Perception regarding an insistence in the act of declining
an invitation 153
5.5 Concluding remarks 156
chapter 6
Conclusions and discussion 159
6.1 Introductory remarks 159
6.2 The negotiation of a refusal and face systems 160
6.2.1 Forms of address and linguistic politeness 162
6.3 Insistence as a discourse strategy 163
6.4 The discourse function of epistemic expressions: Internal modification
of a refusal 164
6.5 Perceptions of politeness 165
6.6 The notion of'face'in Mexico 166
6.7 Refusals across languages 168
6.8 Issues on research methodology and implications
for future research 172
References 175
Appendix 185
Author index 191
Subject index 193 |
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| discipline | Sprachwissenschaft Soziologie Literaturwissenschaft Romanistik |
| discipline_str_mv | Sprachwissenschaft Soziologie Literaturwissenschaft Romanistik |
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| geographic | Mexiko USA Mexiko (DE-588)4039058-5 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Mexiko USA |
| id | DE-604.BV023176003 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T19:59:46Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:12:20Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 902725415X 9789027254153 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016362600 |
| oclc_num | 229998312 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-703 DE-12 DE-384 DE-11 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-188 |
| owner_facet | DE-703 DE-12 DE-384 DE-11 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-188 |
| physical | XIV, 195 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSearch | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | Benjamins |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Pragmatics & Beyond / New series |
| spelling | Félix-Brasdefer, Julio César Verfasser (DE-588)136024408 aut Politeness in Mexico and the United States a contrastive study of the realization and perception of refusals J. César Félix-Brasdefer Amsterdam [u.a.] Benjamins 2008 XIV, 195 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Pragmatics & Beyond / New series 171 Interpersonal relations Politeness (Linguistics) Mexico Politeness (Linguistics) United States Speech acts (Linguistics) Kontrastive Linguistik (DE-588)4073708-1 gnd rswk-swf Amerikanisches Englisch (DE-588)4094804-3 gnd rswk-swf Abweisung (DE-588)4674153-7 gnd rswk-swf Spanisch (DE-588)4077640-2 gnd rswk-swf Mexiko USA Mexiko (DE-588)4039058-5 gnd rswk-swf Spanisch (DE-588)4077640-2 s Mexiko (DE-588)4039058-5 g Abweisung (DE-588)4674153-7 s Amerikanisches Englisch (DE-588)4094804-3 s Kontrastive Linguistik (DE-588)4073708-1 s DE-604 New series Pragmatics & Beyond 171 (DE-604)BV002551261 171 Digitalisierung UB Augsburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016362600&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016362600&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Félix-Brasdefer, Julio César Politeness in Mexico and the United States a contrastive study of the realization and perception of refusals Interpersonal relations Politeness (Linguistics) Mexico Politeness (Linguistics) United States Speech acts (Linguistics) Kontrastive Linguistik (DE-588)4073708-1 gnd Amerikanisches Englisch (DE-588)4094804-3 gnd Abweisung (DE-588)4674153-7 gnd Spanisch (DE-588)4077640-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4073708-1 (DE-588)4094804-3 (DE-588)4674153-7 (DE-588)4077640-2 (DE-588)4039058-5 |
| title | Politeness in Mexico and the United States a contrastive study of the realization and perception of refusals |
| title_auth | Politeness in Mexico and the United States a contrastive study of the realization and perception of refusals |
| title_exact_search | Politeness in Mexico and the United States a contrastive study of the realization and perception of refusals |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Politeness in Mexico and the United States a contrastive study of the realization and perception of refusals |
| title_full | Politeness in Mexico and the United States a contrastive study of the realization and perception of refusals J. César Félix-Brasdefer |
| title_fullStr | Politeness in Mexico and the United States a contrastive study of the realization and perception of refusals J. César Félix-Brasdefer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Politeness in Mexico and the United States a contrastive study of the realization and perception of refusals J. César Félix-Brasdefer |
| title_short | Politeness in Mexico and the United States |
| title_sort | politeness in mexico and the united states a contrastive study of the realization and perception of refusals |
| title_sub | a contrastive study of the realization and perception of refusals |
| topic | Interpersonal relations Politeness (Linguistics) Mexico Politeness (Linguistics) United States Speech acts (Linguistics) Kontrastive Linguistik (DE-588)4073708-1 gnd Amerikanisches Englisch (DE-588)4094804-3 gnd Abweisung (DE-588)4674153-7 gnd Spanisch (DE-588)4077640-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Interpersonal relations Politeness (Linguistics) Mexico Politeness (Linguistics) United States Speech acts (Linguistics) Kontrastive Linguistik Amerikanisches Englisch Abweisung Spanisch Mexiko USA |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016362600&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016362600&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV002551261 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT felixbrasdeferjuliocesar politenessinmexicoandtheunitedstatesacontrastivestudyoftherealizationandperceptionofrefusals |