The Victorians and the ancient world: archaeology and classicism in nineteenth-century culture
Gespeichert in:
Format: | Buch |
---|---|
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Newcastle-upon-Tyne
Cambridge Scholars
2006
|
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
Beschreibung: | XX, 208 S. 22 cm |
Internformat
MARC
LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 c 4500 | ||
---|---|---|---|
001 | BV023086823 | ||
003 | DE-604 | ||
005 | 20080225 | ||
007 | t | ||
008 | 080118s2006 |||| 00||| eng d | ||
015 | |a GBA686380 |2 dnb | ||
020 | |z 9781847180445 (hbk.) |9 9781847180445 (hbk.) | ||
020 | |z 1847180442 (hbk.) |9 1847180442 (hbk.) | ||
035 | |a (gbd)0920945 | ||
035 | |a (OCoLC)72868859 | ||
035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV023086823 | ||
040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rakwb | ||
041 | 0 | |a eng | |
049 | |a DE-12 | ||
050 | 0 | |a DA533 | |
082 | 0 | |a 930.1094109034 |2 22 | |
084 | |a 6,11 |2 ssgn | ||
084 | |a 6,12 |2 ssgn | ||
245 | 1 | 0 | |a The Victorians and the ancient world |b archaeology and classicism in nineteenth-century culture |c ed. by Richard Pearson |
264 | 1 | |a Newcastle-upon-Tyne |b Cambridge Scholars |c 2006 | |
300 | |a XX, 208 S. |c 22 cm | ||
336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
648 | 4 | |a Geschichte 1800-1900 | |
648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1800-1900 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
650 | 4 | |a Archaeology / Great Britain / History / 19th century | |
650 | 4 | |a Classicism / Great Britain / History / 19th century | |
650 | 4 | |a Archäologie | |
650 | 4 | |a Geschichte | |
650 | 4 | |a Archaeology |z Great Britain |x History |y 19th century | |
650 | 4 | |a Classicism |z Great Britain |x History |y 19th century | |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Altertumswissenschaft |0 (DE-588)4134281-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Archäologie |0 (DE-588)4002827-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
651 | 4 | |a Great Britain / Civilization / 19th century | |
651 | 4 | |a Großbritannien | |
651 | 4 | |a Great Britain |x Civilization |y 19th century | |
651 | 7 | |a Großbritannien |0 (DE-588)4022153-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
655 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)4143413-4 |a Aufsatzsammlung |2 gnd-content | |
689 | 0 | 0 | |a Großbritannien |0 (DE-588)4022153-2 |D g |
689 | 0 | 1 | |a Archäologie |0 (DE-588)4002827-6 |D s |
689 | 0 | 2 | |a Geschichte 1800-1900 |A z |
689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
689 | 1 | 0 | |a Großbritannien |0 (DE-588)4022153-2 |D g |
689 | 1 | 1 | |a Altertumswissenschaft |0 (DE-588)4134281-1 |D s |
689 | 1 | 2 | |a Geschichte 1800-1900 |A z |
689 | 1 | |5 DE-604 | |
700 | 1 | |a Pearson, Richard |d 1964- |e Sonstige |0 (DE-588)131645110 |4 oth | |
856 | 4 | 2 | |m GBV Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016289757&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
940 | 1 | |n gbd | |
940 | 1 | |q gbd_4_0901 | |
942 | 1 | 1 | |c 306.09 |e 22/bsb |f 09034 |g 41 |
942 | 1 | 1 | |c 370.9 |e 22/bsb |f 09034 |g 41 |
943 | 1 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016289757 |
Datensatz im Suchindex
_version_ | 1813276070114230272 |
---|---|
adam_text |
THE VICTORIANS AND THE ANCIENT WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY AND CLASSICISM IN
NINETEENTH-CENTURY CULTURE EDITED BY RICHARD PEARSON CAMBRIDGE SCHOLARS
PRESS TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE IX ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS XXI CHAPTER ONE FROM
PRIMITIVE TO CIVILISED: SOCIAL EVOLUTION IN VICTORIAN ANTHROPOLOGY AND
ARCHAEOLOGY MARK PLUCIENNIK 1 CHAPTER TWO "A RACE FOR INCORPORATION":
ANCIENT EGYPT AND ITS MUMMIES IN SCIENCE AND POPULAR CULTURE IMANHAMAM
25 CHAPTER THREE A. H. LAYARD'S NINEVEH AND ITS REMAINS: THE CULTURAL
MATERIAL OF ASSYRIAN ARCHAEOLOGY RICHARD PEARSON 41 CHAPTER FOUR DIGGING
SAXON GRAVES IN VICTORIAN BRITAIN HOWARD WILLIAMS 61 CHAPTER FIVE THE
PALAEOLITHIC MODERN: FROM ALTAMIRA TO GUERNICA DAVID RICHARDS 81 CHAPTER
SIX THE EXPLORATION OF THE SOIL IS A VOYAGE IN TIME: VICTORIAN
PARTICIPATION IN THE EXCAVATION OF GLOUCESTERSHIRE'S PREHISTORIC BURIAL
MOUNDS JULIEN PARSONS 93 VIII TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER SEVEN
DISCOVERING GILGAMESH: GEORGE SMITH AND THE VICTORIAN HORIZON OF HISTORY
VYBARR CREGAN-REID 109 CHAPTER EIGHT "THE CITY OF RESURRECTIONS": ARTHUR
MACHEN AND THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL IMAGINATION ALEX WARWICK 124 CHAPTER NINE
"PEEPING BEHIND THE CURTAIN": THE SIGNIFICANCE OF CLASSICAL TEXTS IN THE
SEXUAL SELF-CONSTRUCTION OF ANNE LISTER ANIRA ROWANCHILD 139 CHAPTER TEN
"IMPRINTED ON THE MIND AND BODY": SWINBURNE'S CATULLAN ICTUS AMANDA
KOLSON HURLEY 152 CHAPTER ELEVEN "THE EARTHLY REALISATION OF HIS
FORMLESS DESIRE": VICTORIAN REVISIONS OF THE PYGMALION MYTH JANE THOMAS
162 CHAPTER TWELVE DOMESTICATING THE GODDESS: POPULAR ISSUES OF CLASS
AND GENDER IN J. R. PLANCHE'S CLASSICAL EXTRAVAGANZAS RICHARD PEARSON
176 CONTRIBUTORS 198 INDEX 201 |
adam_txt |
THE VICTORIANS AND THE ANCIENT WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY AND CLASSICISM IN
NINETEENTH-CENTURY CULTURE EDITED BY RICHARD PEARSON CAMBRIDGE SCHOLARS
PRESS TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE IX ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS XXI CHAPTER ONE FROM
PRIMITIVE TO CIVILISED: SOCIAL EVOLUTION IN VICTORIAN ANTHROPOLOGY AND
ARCHAEOLOGY MARK PLUCIENNIK 1 CHAPTER TWO "A RACE FOR INCORPORATION":
ANCIENT EGYPT AND ITS MUMMIES IN SCIENCE AND POPULAR CULTURE IMANHAMAM
25 CHAPTER THREE A. H. LAYARD'S NINEVEH AND ITS REMAINS: THE CULTURAL
MATERIAL OF ASSYRIAN ARCHAEOLOGY RICHARD PEARSON 41 CHAPTER FOUR DIGGING
SAXON GRAVES IN VICTORIAN BRITAIN HOWARD WILLIAMS 61 CHAPTER FIVE THE
PALAEOLITHIC MODERN: FROM ALTAMIRA TO GUERNICA DAVID RICHARDS 81 CHAPTER
SIX THE EXPLORATION OF THE SOIL IS A VOYAGE IN TIME: VICTORIAN
PARTICIPATION IN THE EXCAVATION OF GLOUCESTERSHIRE'S PREHISTORIC BURIAL
MOUNDS JULIEN PARSONS 93 VIII TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER SEVEN
DISCOVERING GILGAMESH: GEORGE SMITH AND THE VICTORIAN HORIZON OF HISTORY
VYBARR CREGAN-REID 109 CHAPTER EIGHT "THE CITY OF RESURRECTIONS": ARTHUR
MACHEN AND THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL IMAGINATION ALEX WARWICK 124 CHAPTER NINE
"PEEPING BEHIND THE CURTAIN": THE SIGNIFICANCE OF CLASSICAL TEXTS IN THE
SEXUAL SELF-CONSTRUCTION OF ANNE LISTER ANIRA ROWANCHILD 139 CHAPTER TEN
"IMPRINTED ON THE MIND AND BODY": SWINBURNE'S CATULLAN ICTUS AMANDA
KOLSON HURLEY 152 CHAPTER ELEVEN "THE EARTHLY REALISATION OF HIS
FORMLESS DESIRE": VICTORIAN REVISIONS OF THE PYGMALION MYTH JANE THOMAS
162 CHAPTER TWELVE DOMESTICATING THE GODDESS: POPULAR ISSUES OF CLASS
AND GENDER IN J. R. PLANCHE'S CLASSICAL EXTRAVAGANZAS RICHARD PEARSON
176 CONTRIBUTORS 198 INDEX 201 |
any_adam_object | 1 |
any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
author_GND | (DE-588)131645110 |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV023086823 |
callnumber-first | D - World History |
callnumber-label | DA533 |
callnumber-raw | DA533 |
callnumber-search | DA533 |
callnumber-sort | DA 3533 |
callnumber-subject | DA - Great Britain |
ctrlnum | (gbd)0920945 (OCoLC)72868859 (DE-599)BVBBV023086823 |
dewey-full | 930.1094109034 |
dewey-hundreds | 900 - History & geography |
dewey-ones | 930 - History of ancient world to ca. 499 |
dewey-raw | 930.1094109034 |
dewey-search | 930.1094109034 |
dewey-sort | 3930.1094109034 |
dewey-tens | 930 - History of ancient world to ca. 499 |
discipline | Geschichte Klassische Archäologie |
discipline_str_mv | Geschichte Klassische Archäologie |
era | Geschichte 1800-1900 Geschichte 1800-1900 gnd |
era_facet | Geschichte 1800-1900 |
format | Book |
fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>00000nam a2200000 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV023086823</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20080225</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">080118s2006 |||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="015" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBA686380</subfield><subfield code="2">dnb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="z">9781847180445 (hbk.)</subfield><subfield code="9">9781847180445 (hbk.)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="z">1847180442 (hbk.)</subfield><subfield code="9">1847180442 (hbk.)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(gbd)0920945</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)72868859</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV023086823</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">DA533</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">930.1094109034</subfield><subfield code="2">22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">6,11</subfield><subfield code="2">ssgn</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">6,12</subfield><subfield code="2">ssgn</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">The Victorians and the ancient world</subfield><subfield code="b">archaeology and classicism in nineteenth-century culture</subfield><subfield code="c">ed. by Richard Pearson</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Newcastle-upon-Tyne</subfield><subfield code="b">Cambridge Scholars</subfield><subfield code="c">2006</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">XX, 208 S.</subfield><subfield code="c">22 cm</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Includes bibliographical references and index</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="648" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1800-1900</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="648" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1800-1900</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Archaeology / Great Britain / History / 19th century</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Classicism / Great Britain / History / 19th century</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Archäologie</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Geschichte</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Archaeology</subfield><subfield code="z">Great Britain</subfield><subfield code="x">History</subfield><subfield code="y">19th century</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Classicism</subfield><subfield code="z">Great Britain</subfield><subfield code="x">History</subfield><subfield code="y">19th century</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Altertumswissenschaft</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4134281-1</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Archäologie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4002827-6</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Great Britain / Civilization / 19th century</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Großbritannien</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Great Britain</subfield><subfield code="x">Civilization</subfield><subfield code="y">19th century</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Großbritannien</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4022153-2</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="655" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4143413-4</subfield><subfield code="a">Aufsatzsammlung</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd-content</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Großbritannien</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4022153-2</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Archäologie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4002827-6</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1800-1900</subfield><subfield code="A">z</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Großbritannien</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4022153-2</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Altertumswissenschaft</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4134281-1</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1800-1900</subfield><subfield code="A">z</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Pearson, Richard</subfield><subfield code="d">1964-</subfield><subfield code="e">Sonstige</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)131645110</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">GBV Datenaustausch</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016289757&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="n">gbd</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="q">gbd_4_0901</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">306.09</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09034</subfield><subfield code="g">41</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">370.9</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09034</subfield><subfield code="g">41</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="943" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016289757</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
genre | (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content |
genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung |
geographic | Great Britain / Civilization / 19th century Großbritannien Great Britain Civilization 19th century Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 gnd |
geographic_facet | Great Britain / Civilization / 19th century Großbritannien Great Britain Civilization 19th century |
id | DE-604.BV023086823 |
illustrated | Not Illustrated |
index_date | 2024-07-02T19:39:28Z |
indexdate | 2024-10-18T18:06:55Z |
institution | BVB |
language | English |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016289757 |
oclc_num | 72868859 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-12 |
owner_facet | DE-12 |
physical | XX, 208 S. 22 cm |
psigel | gbd_4_0901 |
publishDate | 2006 |
publishDateSearch | 2006 |
publishDateSort | 2006 |
publisher | Cambridge Scholars |
record_format | marc |
spelling | The Victorians and the ancient world archaeology and classicism in nineteenth-century culture ed. by Richard Pearson Newcastle-upon-Tyne Cambridge Scholars 2006 XX, 208 S. 22 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Geschichte 1800-1900 Geschichte 1800-1900 gnd rswk-swf Archaeology / Great Britain / History / 19th century Classicism / Great Britain / History / 19th century Archäologie Geschichte Archaeology Great Britain History 19th century Classicism Great Britain History 19th century Altertumswissenschaft (DE-588)4134281-1 gnd rswk-swf Archäologie (DE-588)4002827-6 gnd rswk-swf Great Britain / Civilization / 19th century Großbritannien Great Britain Civilization 19th century Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 g Archäologie (DE-588)4002827-6 s Geschichte 1800-1900 z DE-604 Altertumswissenschaft (DE-588)4134281-1 s Pearson, Richard 1964- Sonstige (DE-588)131645110 oth GBV Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016289757&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | The Victorians and the ancient world archaeology and classicism in nineteenth-century culture Archaeology / Great Britain / History / 19th century Classicism / Great Britain / History / 19th century Archäologie Geschichte Archaeology Great Britain History 19th century Classicism Great Britain History 19th century Altertumswissenschaft (DE-588)4134281-1 gnd Archäologie (DE-588)4002827-6 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4134281-1 (DE-588)4002827-6 (DE-588)4022153-2 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
title | The Victorians and the ancient world archaeology and classicism in nineteenth-century culture |
title_auth | The Victorians and the ancient world archaeology and classicism in nineteenth-century culture |
title_exact_search | The Victorians and the ancient world archaeology and classicism in nineteenth-century culture |
title_exact_search_txtP | The Victorians and the ancient world archaeology and classicism in nineteenth-century culture |
title_full | The Victorians and the ancient world archaeology and classicism in nineteenth-century culture ed. by Richard Pearson |
title_fullStr | The Victorians and the ancient world archaeology and classicism in nineteenth-century culture ed. by Richard Pearson |
title_full_unstemmed | The Victorians and the ancient world archaeology and classicism in nineteenth-century culture ed. by Richard Pearson |
title_short | The Victorians and the ancient world |
title_sort | the victorians and the ancient world archaeology and classicism in nineteenth century culture |
title_sub | archaeology and classicism in nineteenth-century culture |
topic | Archaeology / Great Britain / History / 19th century Classicism / Great Britain / History / 19th century Archäologie Geschichte Archaeology Great Britain History 19th century Classicism Great Britain History 19th century Altertumswissenschaft (DE-588)4134281-1 gnd Archäologie (DE-588)4002827-6 gnd |
topic_facet | Archaeology / Great Britain / History / 19th century Classicism / Great Britain / History / 19th century Archäologie Geschichte Archaeology Great Britain History 19th century Classicism Great Britain History 19th century Altertumswissenschaft Great Britain / Civilization / 19th century Großbritannien Great Britain Civilization 19th century Aufsatzsammlung |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016289757&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT pearsonrichard thevictoriansandtheancientworldarchaeologyandclassicisminnineteenthcenturyculture |