Road pricing, the economy and the environment:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin [u.a.]
Springer
2008
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Advances in spatial science
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 425 S. graph. Darst. 235 mm x 155 mm |
| ISBN: | 9783540771494 3540771492 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV023082936 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20080430 | ||
| 007 | t| | ||
| 008 | 080116s2008 gw d||| |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 015 | |a 07,N49,0380 |2 dnb | ||
| 016 | 7 | |a 986338648 |2 DE-101 | |
| 020 | |a 9783540771494 |c Gb. : ca. EUR 117.65 (freier Pr.), ca. sfr 191.50 (freier Pr.) |9 978-3-540-77149-4 | ||
| 020 | |a 3540771492 |c Gb. : ca. EUR 117.65 (freier Pr.), ca. sfr 191.50 (freier Pr.) |9 3-540-77149-2 | ||
| 024 | 3 | |a 9783540771494 | |
| 028 | 5 | 2 | |a 12201372 |
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)191760117 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)DNB986338648 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rakddb | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 044 | |a gw |c XA-DE-BE | ||
| 049 | |a DE-355 |a DE-12 |a DE-703 |a DE-N2 |a DE-2070s |a DE-188 | ||
| 050 | 0 | |a HE336.C66 | |
| 082 | 0 | |a 388.1/14 |2 22 | |
| 082 | 0 | |a 388.114094 |2 22/ger | |
| 084 | |a QR 850 |0 (DE-625)142092: |2 rvk | ||
| 084 | |a 330 |2 sdnb | ||
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Road pricing, the economy and the environment |c Chris Jensen-Butler ..., ed. |
| 264 | 1 | |a Berlin [u.a.] |b Springer |c 2008 | |
| 300 | |a XV, 425 S. |b graph. Darst. |c 235 mm x 155 mm | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a Advances in spatial science | |
| 610 | 2 | 7 | |a Europäische Union |0 (DE-588)5098525-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 4 | |a Péages de congestion | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Routes - Finances | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Congestion pricing | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Roads |x Finance | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Umweltverträglichkeit |0 (DE-588)4061655-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Verkehrspolitik |0 (DE-588)4062955-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Straßenbenutzungsgebühr |0 (DE-588)4206779-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Nachhaltigkeit |0 (DE-588)4326464-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 655 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)4143413-4 |a Aufsatzsammlung |2 gnd-content | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Europäische Union |0 (DE-588)5098525-5 |D b |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Verkehrspolitik |0 (DE-588)4062955-7 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Nachhaltigkeit |0 (DE-588)4326464-5 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 3 | |a Umweltverträglichkeit |0 (DE-588)4061655-1 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 4 | |a Straßenbenutzungsgebühr |0 (DE-588)4206779-0 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Jensen-Butler, Christopher |d 1945-2006 |e Sonstige |0 (DE-588)134011767 |4 oth | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m SWBplus Fremddatenuebernahme |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016285930&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 943 | 1 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016285930 | |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1820135846694617088 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
TABLE OF CONTENTS IN MEMORY OF PROFESSOR CHRIS
JENSEN-BUTLER .V
1. INTRODUCTION
.1
BIRGITTE SLOTH 2. ROAD PRICING IN EUROPE * A REVIEW OF RESEARCH AND
PRACTICE .5 ESKO NISKANEN AND CHRIS NASH 2.1
INTRODUCTION.5
2.2 THE CURRENT
SITUATION.6
2.2.1 BACKGROUND
.6
2.2.2 CURRENT PRICING POLICIES AT NATIONAL
LEVEL.7 2.2.3 EU PRICING
POLICY.8
2.2.4 THE NEED FOR PRICING POLICY
REFORM.9 2.3 KEY ISSUES,
CONCEPTS AND
APPROACHES.10 2.3.1 THE
GOALS OF ROAD PRICING
.10 2.3.2
THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO ROAD
PRICING.11 2.3.3 PRACTICAL APPROACHES
AND INSTRUMENTS .12 2.4 ROAD
PRICING IN PRACTICE IN URBAN TRANSPORT
.14 2.4.1 CURRENT SCHEMES IN
URBAN TRANSPORT PRICING.14 2.4.2 BARRIERS ON
URBAN ROAD PRICING .15
2.4.3 THE NEXT STEPS IN URBAN ROAD PRICING
.18 2.5 ROAD PRICING IN PRACTICE IN
INTERURBAN TRANSPORT.19 2.5.1 CURRENT
SCHEMES IN INTERURBAN TRANSPORT .19
2.5.2 BARRIERS IN INTERURBAN ROAD PRICING
.21 2.5.3 THE NEXT STEPS IN
INTERURBAN ROAD PRICING.22 2.6
CONCLUSIONS.22
2.6.1 LESSONS FROM
RESEARCH.22
2.6.2 LESSONS FROM PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE: WHAT NEXT?
.24 3. ROAD PRICING: CONSEQUENCES FOR
TRAFFIC, CONGESTION AND LOCATION .29 LARS-GOERAN MATTSSON 3.1
INTRODUCTION.29
3.2 APPLICATION OF A ZONE-BASED ROAD PRICING SYSTEM TO
STOCKHOLM.31 3.2.1 SCENARIOS
.31
3.2.2 MODELLING APPROACH
.32
3.2.3 TRANSPORT
EFFECTS.33
3.3 APPLICATION OF A DISTANCE-BASED ROAD PRICING SYSTEM TO STOCKHOLM
.37 VIII TABLE OF CONTENTS 3.3.1 SCENARIOS
.37
3.3.2 MODELLING APPROACH
.38
3.3.3 TRANSPORT
EFFECTS.38
3.4 APPLICATION OF OPTIMAL CONGESTION PRICING TO A GENERIC
CITY.40 3.4.1 MODELLING APPROACH
.40
3.4.2 SCENARIOS
.42
3.4.3 TRANSPORT AND LOCATION EFFECTS
.43 3.5 DISCUSSION AND
CONCLUSIONS.45
4. IMPLEMENTATION PATHS FOR MARGINAL COST-BASED PRICING IN URBAN
TRANSPORT: THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND CASE STUDY RESULTS
.49 ERIK T. VERHOEF, C. ROBIN LINDSEY, ESKO NISKANEN, ANDRE
DE PALMA, PAAVO MOILANEN, STEF PROOST AND ARILD VOLD 4.1
INTRODUCTION.50
4.2 IMPLEMENTATION PATHS: MOTIVATION AND
THEORY.50 4.2.1
BARRIERS.51
4.2.2 CONSTRAINTS ON PRICING
.53 4.2.3
CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN BARRIERS AND CONSTRAINTS .54 4.3
FORMULATING IMPLEMENTATION PATHS
.56 4.4
DESCRIPTION OF THE MC-ICAM URBAN CASE
STUDIES.58 4.4.1 THE PARIS CASE
STUDY.58
4.4.2 THE BRUSSELS CASE STUDY
.60 4.4.3 THE
HELSINKI CASE STUDY
.61 4.4.4 THE
GREATER OSLO CASE STUDY
.61 4.4.5 ASSESSMENT
OF THE CASE STUDIES .61
4.5 IMPLEMENTATION PATHS IN THE CASE STUDIES
.62 4.5.1
PARIS.65
4.5.2 BRUSSELS
.65
4.5.3 HELSINKI
.66
4.5.4 GREATER OSLO
.67
4.5.5 ROLE OF BARRIERS AND CONSTRAINTS IN THE CASE STUDY IMPLEMENTATION
PATHS.68
4.6 CASE STUDY
FINDINGS.68
4.6.1 MAIN
RESULTS.68
4.6.2 SOME SPECIFIC
ISSUES.73
4.7 CONCLUDING
REMARKS.75
4.7.1 SUMMARY
.75
4.7.2 THEORETICAL VS. PRACTICAL APPROACHES TO THE IPS
.76 4.7.3 QUESTIONS OF PRIORITY AND
TIMING.76 4.7.4 OTHER
LIMITATIONS OF THE CASE STUDIES.77
5. THE LONDON CONGESTION CHARGING SCHEME: THE EVIDENCE
.79 JOHN PEIRSON AND ROGER VICKERMAN 5.1
INTRODUCTION.79
5.2 BACKGROUND TO THE LCCS
.79
TABLE OF CONTENTS IX 5.3 THE WORKING OF THE LCCS
.82
5.4 THEORY OF AREA
PRICING.83
5.5 EVIDENCE ON
LCCS.84
5.6 INTERPRETATION OF THE EVIDENCE
.85 5.7
EXTENSION OF LCCS
AREA.87
5.8 RELEVANCE TO OTHER URBAN ROAD PRICING SCHEMES
.87 5.9
CONCLUSIONS.88
6. THE AKTA ROAD PRICING EXPERIMENT IN COPENHAGEN
.93 OTTO ANKER NIELSEN AND MAJKEN
VILDRIK SOERENSEN 6.1
INTRODUCTION.94
6.2 DESIGN OF THE
EXPERIMENT.94
6.2.1 SURVEY SETUP
.95
6.2.2 PRICING SCHEMES
.96
6.3 PRACTICAL
ISSUES.97
6.3.1 PROBLEMS WITH THE GPS TECHNOLOGY
.98 6.3.2 ADDING A THIRD
ROUND.99
6.4 GENERAL RESULTS
.100
6.4.1 SOCIOECONOMIC VARIABLES FOR AKTA
PARTICIPANTS.100 6.4.2 EXPERIENCE AND ATTITUDES
TOWARDS ROAD PRICING.101 6.4.3 THE GENERAL POPULATION
SURVEY OF ATTITUDES TOWARDS ROAD
PRICING.103
6.5 BEHAVIOURAL CHANGES AND AKTA: THE MAIN RESULTS
.105 6.6 DISCUSSION AND
CONCLUSIONS.107
6.6.1 GPS TECHNOLOGY
.107
6.6.2 THE MAIN EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
.107 6.6.3 CHANGES IN
BEHAVIOUR AND EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT PRICING SCHEMES
.108
6.6.4 ATTITUDES TOWARDS ROAD PRICING
.108 7. EXPERIENCE WITH
MEASURING EQUITY AND EFFICIENCY: A CASE FROM OSLO
.111
FARIDEH RAMJERDI, KNUT OESTMOE AND HARALD MINKEN 7.1
INTRODUCTION.111
7.2 EQUITY
MEASURES.
.113 7.2.1 PROPERTIES OF EQUITY MEASURES
.114 7.2.2 SOME
INEQUALITY MEASURES
.115 7.3 EVALUATION
OF ALTERNATIVE PACKAGES OF INSTRUMENTS FOR OSLO .117 7.4 A
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF MCF
.122 7.5 AN
EVALUATION OF THE EQUITY IMPLICATIONS OF AN *OPTIMAL* PACKAGE
.123
7.6 SOME
CONCLUSIONS.129
8. TRANSPORT COSTS IN A MULTIREGIONAL EQUILIBRIUM JOB SEARCH MODEL
.133 MORTEN MAROTT LARSEN, NINETTE PILEGAARD AND JOS VAN OMMEREN
8.1
INTRODUCTION.133
X TABLE OF CONTENTS 8.2 THE BASIC MODEL
.136
8.2.1 THE MATCHING
MODEL.136
8.2.2 JOB
DESTRUCTION.137
8.2.3 EQUILIBRIUM EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT.137
8.2.4 JOB CREATION
.138
8.2.5
WORKERS.138
8.2.6 THE SPATIAL WAGE
EQUATION.138 8.2.7
RESERVATION COMMUTING
COSTS.139 8.3 SIMULATIONS
WITH THE FUNDAMENTAL MODEL.140
8.4 THEORETICAL EXTENSIONS
.141
8.4.1 ROAD PRICING AND REGIONAL DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS
.144 8.4.2 THE CASE OF
ZEALAND.154
8.5 CONCLUSION
.164
9. EVALUATION OF THE INTRODUCTION OF ROAD PRICING USING A COMPUTABLE
GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL .167
KNUD J. MUNK 9.1
INTRODUCTION.167
9.2 THE THEORETICAL
MODEL.168
9.3 APPLICATION OF THE THEORY OF PUBLIC ECONOMICS TO THE TAXATION OF
TRANSPORT AND INVESTMENT IN TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
.170 9.3.1 TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THAT LEISURE TRAVEL IS
COMPLEMENTARY TO
LEISURE.171
9.3.2 TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THAT TRANSPORT IS ASSOCIATED WITH
EXTERNALITIES.172
9.3.3 TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THAT LEISURE TRAVEL IS PREDOMINATELY CONSUMED
BY HOUSEHOLDS WITH A RELATIVELY HIGH INCOME .172 9.3.4 REASONS FOR
TAXING TRANSPORT HIGHER THAN OTHER GOODS.173 9.3.5 THE OPTIMAL
SIZE OF THE TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE .173 9.3.6 THE
EFFECT OF THE INTRODUCTION OF ROAD PRICING ON THE OPTIMAL TAXATION OF
TRANSPORT AND THE OPTIMAL PROVISION OF TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
.173 9.3.7 THE
INTRODUCTION OF ROAD PRICING WILL BE ASSOCIATED WITH A DOUBLE DIVIDEND
.174
9.4 THE PARAMETERISED MODEL
.175
9.4.1 SPECIFICATION OF FUNCTIONAL FORMS FOR FREE ROAD CAPACITY AND
ENVIRONMENTAL EXTERNALITIES
.175 9.4.2 SPECIFICATION OF
HOUSEHOLD PREFERENCES.176 9.4.3 REAL
INCOME AND SOCIAL WELFARE
.177 9.5 THE SPECIFICATION
OF THE PARAMETERISED MODEL .178 9.6
PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF SIMULATION RESULTS
.180 9.6.1 CONSEQUENCE
ANALYSIS.180
9.6.2 PROJECT EVALUATION
.183
9.6.3 OPTIMALITY
ANALYSIS.184
9.7 CONCLUSION
.188
TABLE OF CONTENTS XI 10. EFFICIENCY AND EQUITY CONSIDERATIONS IN
ROAD PRICING .193 HARALD MINKEN AND FARIDEH
RAMJERDI 10.1 INTRODUCTION
.193
10.2 ASPECTS OF
EQUITY.195
10.3 INDICATORS OF EQUITY
.197
10.4 EQUITY, EFFICIENCY AND
MODELLING.201 10.5
OPTIMAL ROAD PRICING SUBJECT TO EQUITY
CONSTRAINTS.203 10.6 SOLVING THE OPTIMISATION
PROBLEM.204 10.7
CONCLUSIONS
.204
11. MODELLING THE ECONOMY, TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT TRIANGLE, WITH
AN APPLICATION TO DUTCH MAGLEV PROJECTS
.207 JAN OOSTERHAVEN AND J.
PAUL ELHORST 11.1 INTRODUCTION
.207
11.2 THE DIFFERENT NATURE OF THE THREE TYPES OF INTERACTION
.208 11.3 MODELLING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
.210 11.4 MODELLING
TRANSPORT-ECONOMY INTERACTIONS.211
11.5 AN APPLICATION OF DUTCH MAGLEV
PROPOSALS.214 11.5.1 INTRODUCTION
.214
11.5.2 MODELLING THE INTERACTION BETWEEN THE ECONOMY AND THE TRANSPORT
SYSTEM.217
11.5.3 A WELFARE EVALUATION OF EXTERNAL EFFECTS
.221 11.6 CONCLUSION
.223
12. A SYSTEMS APPROACH TO MODELLING THE REGIONAL ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF
ROAD PRICING
.229
BJARNE MADSEN, CHRIS JENSEN-BUTLER, JACOB KRONBAK AND STEEN LELEUR
12.1 INTRODUCTION
.229
12.2 A SYSTEMS APPROACH TO REGIONAL AND SUB-REGIONAL ECONOMIC
MODELLING.232
12.2.1 DATA AND ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES
.232 12.2.2 MODELLING PRINCIPLES
.232 12.2.3
OPTIMAL MODEL
STRUCTURE.235 12.2.4
A LOOSELY COUPLED MODEL FOR TRANSPORT AND AGRICULTURE .235 12.3 THE
LINKING
PROCEDURES.237
12.3.1 LINKING THE MODELS WITHIN THE TRANSPORT SECTOR .237
12.3.2 LINKING THE TRANSPORT AND REGIONAL ECONOMIC MODELS.240 12.4
LINE: THE FULL MODEL, A GRAPHICAL PRESENTATION
.242 12.4.1 THE DIMENSIONS OF LINE
.245 12.5 ROAD PRICING
AND MODELLING ITS IMPACTS.247
12.5.1 ROAD
PRICING.247
12.6 RESULTS FROM THE DANISH ROAD PRICING TOLL
STUDY.247 12.6.1 CHANGES IN TRANSPORT
COSTS.248 12.6.2 CHANGES
IN COMMODITY PRICES AND DISPOSABLE INCOMES.251 12.6.3 CHANGES IN
DEMAND, PRODUCTION AND INCOME.253 12.6.4 CHANGES IN
EMPLOYMENT AND INCOME .253 XII TABLE OF
CONTENTS 12.6.5 RECYCLING THE REVENUE FROM ROAD PRICING: A BALANCED
BUDGET .256
12.7 LIMITATIONS OF THE MODEL AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
.259 12.8 CONCLUSION
.260
13. EXTERNAL EFFECTS AND ROAD CHARGING
.267 JEPPE RICH
AND OTTO ANKER NIELSEN 13.1 INTRODUCTION
.267
13.2 EXTERNAL EFFECTS:
BACKGROUND.268
13.3 DEMAND EFFECT FROM ROAD CHARGING
.270 13.3.1 CHARGING AND
DEMAND: EXPERIENCE FROM LONDON, STOCKHOLM AND COPENHAGEN
.270 13.4 INTERNALISATION
OF EXTERNAL EFFECTS THROUGH ROAD CHARGING .272 13.4.1 ROAD
SAFETY
.272
13.4.2 TRAFFIC
NOISE.273
13.4.3 EMISSION
.274
13.5 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
.274 14.
ASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF TRAFFIC AIR POLLUTION ON HUMAN EXPOSURE AND
HEALTH
.277
OLE HERTEL, STEEN SOLVANG JENSEN, MARTIN HVIDBERG, MATTHIAS KETZEL,
RUWIM BERKOWICZ, FINN PALMGREN, PETER WAHLIN, MARIANNE GLASIUS, STEFFEN
LOFT, PETER VINZENTS, OLE RAASCHOU-NIELSEN, METTE SOERENSEN AND HELLE BAK
14.1 INTRODUCTION
.277
14.2 AIR POLLUTION IN URBAN AREAS
.278 14.2.1
URBAN BACKGROUND AND STREET POLLUTION .279
14.3 AIR POLLUTION EXPOSURE
ASSESSMENT.280 14.4
DIRECT METHODS FOR EXPOSURE
ASSESSMENT.280 14.5 INDIRECT
METHODS FOR EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT.281
14.5.1 MONITORING NETWORKS
.281 14.5.2
APPLICATION OF MODELS FOR EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT.282 14.5.3
MODELLING LONG RANGE TRANSPORT OF POLLUTION.282 14.5.4
MODELLING POLLUTION IN THE URBAN BACKGROUND.284 14.5.5
MODELLING URBAN STREET
POLLUTION.285 14.5.6 MODELLING
NITROGEN OXIDE CHEMISTRY IN STREET AND URBAN
BACKGROUND.285
14.5.7 DETERMINATION OF EMISSIONS AND EMISSION FACTORS .286
14.6 PARTICLE POLLUTION
.286
14.6.1 SOURCE OF TRAFFIC PARTICLES AND
MODELLING.287 14.6.2 OTHER PARTICLE SOURCES
.289 14.7
EXAMPLES OF EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT IN DANISH STUDIES
.290 14.7.1 EXPOSURE OF BUS DRIVERS AND POSTMEN IN
COPENHAGEN .290 14.7.2 EXPOSURE OF DANISH CHILDREN TO TRAFFIC AIR
POLLUTION.292 14.7.3 PERSONAL MONITORING OF AIR POLLUTION
EXPOSURE IN
COPENHAGEN.292
TABLE OF CONTENTS XIII 14.7.4 USING GIS IN STREET POLLUTION MODELLING
FOR EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
.293
14.8 ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION EXPOSURE
.296 14.9 PERSPECTIVES
.297
15. CAR USE HABITS: AN OBSTACLE TO THE USE OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION?
.301 BERIT MOELLER AND JOHN THOEGERSEN 15.1 INTRODUCTION
.301
15.2
METHOD.304
15.3
DATA.304
15.4 RESULTS
.307
15.5 SUMMARY AND IMPLICATIONS
.308 16.
ROAD PRICING IN DENMARK * USER ATTITUDES AND USER REACTIONS
.315 MAI-BRITT HERSLUND 16.1 INTRODUCTION
.315
16.2 USER STUDIES OF THE FORTRIN
PROJECT.316 16.2.1 PRICING
STRATEGY
.316
16.2.2 TEST
POPULATION.3
17 16.2.3 FOCUS-GROUP MEETINGS
.317 16.2.4 THE
STUDY BY QUESTIONNAIRES.319
16.2.5 TRIP LOGS
.320
16.2.6 CONCLUSIONS OF THE FORTRIN
STUDY.320 16.3 AKTA * THE ROAD PRICING
STUDY OF COPENHAGEN .321 16.3.1 DESIGN OF
THE STUDY
.321 16.3.2
DIFFERENT USER STUDIES
.321 16.3.3
RESULTS FROM TELEPHONE INTERVIEWS.322
16.3.4 PRICING SCHEMES
.324
16.3.5 FOCUS
GROUPS.326
16.3.6 KEY RESULTS FROM QUESTIONNAIRES
.327 16.4 OVERALL CONCLUSIONS OF
THE TWO USER STUDIES .329 17. A
COST-MINIMISATION PRINCIPLE OF ADAPTATION OF PRIVATE CAR USE IN RESPONSE
TO ROAD PRICING SCHEMES
.331 PETER
LOUKOPOULOS, TOMMY GAERLING, CECILIA JAKOBSSON AND SATOSHI FUJII 17.1
INTRODUCTION
.331
17.2 MARKET-BASED TRAVEL DEMAND MANAGEMENT (TDM) MEASURES .332
17.3 CLASSIFICATION OF TRAVEL DEMAND MANAGEMENT (TDM) MEASURES.333
17.3.1
COERCIVENESS.334
17.3.2 TOW-DOWN VS. BOTTOM-UP
PROCESSES.335 17.3.3 TIME
SCALE.335
17.3.4 SPATIAL SCALE
.336
17.3.5 MARKET-BASED VS. REGULATORY MECHANISMS
.336 17.3.6 IMPACTING LATENT VS. MANIFEST TRAVEL
DEMAND .337 17.4 THEORETICAL
FRAMEWORK.338
17.5 IMPLICATIONS FOR THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TDM MEASURES
.342 XIV TABLE OF CONTENTS 17.6 SUMMARY AND
DISCUSSION.343
18. CAR USERS* TRADE-OFFS BETWEEN TIME, TRIP LENGTH, COST AND ROAD
PRICING IN BEHAVIOURAL MODELS
.351
OTTO ANKER NIELSEN AND GORAN VUK 18.1 INTRODUCTION
.352
18.2 SP DESIGN
.352
18.3 AWARENESS OF TRAVEL DISTANCE AND TRAVEL
TIME.354 18.4 SP MODEL ESTIMATION
.357
18.4.1 MODEL FORMULATION (UTILITY FUNCTIONS)
.357 18.4.2 INCOME EFFECT MODELS
.361 18.4.3
ALTERNATIVE MODEL FORMULATIONS
.362 18.5 THE RP ROUTE CHOICE
MODEL .362
18.5.1 UTILITY FUNCTION
.363
18.5.2
ESTIMATION.363
18.5.3 WITHIN PERSON VARIATION
.364 18.5.4 BETWEEN
PERSON VARIATION .365
18.5.5 ESTIMATION OF THE IMPACT OF ROAD PRICING ON TRAFFIC .367
18.5.6 INCOME EFFECT
.369
18.5.7 OTHER EXPLANATORY VARIABLES
.370 18.6 COMPARISON
BETWEEN SP AND RP MODELS.371
18.7 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
.372 19.
THE IMPACTS OF E-WORK AND E-COMMERCE ON TRANSPORT, THE ENVIRONMENT AND
THE ECONOMY
.375
ANDY LAKE 19.1 BEING ACTIVE WITHOUT MOVING
.375 19.2 THE UK
STUDY.376
19.3 E-WORK
.377
19.4 E-BUSINESS AND E-COMMERCE
.380 19.5
REBOUNDS
.383
19.6 ENVIRONMENT
.385
19.7 ECONOMIC GROWTH, TRANSPORT GROWTH AND EUROPEAN POLICY
.387 19.8 FUTURE RESEARCH
DIRECTIONS.388
19.9 CONCLUSION
.389
20. A WEB-BASED STUDY OF THE PROPENSITY TO TELEWORK BASED ON SOCIO-
ECONOMIC, WORK ORGANISATION AND SPATIAL FACTORS
.395 LASSE MOELLER-JENSEN, CHRIS
JENSEN-BUTLER, BJARNE MADSEN, JEREMY MILLARD AND LARS SCHMIDT 20.1
INTRODUCTION
.395
20.2 TELEWORKING: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES
.396 20.2.1 DEFINING TELEWORKING
.396 20.2.2 THE
EXTENT OF
TELEWORKING.397 20.2.3
TELEWORKING AND SAVINGS IN TRANSPORT EFFORT .397
20.2.4 MODELLING THE TAKE-UP OF
TELEWORKING.398 TABLE OF CONTENTS XV
20.2.5 TECHNOLOGY ISSUES
.399 20.2.6
LONG-TERM EFFECTS
.399 20.3
THE DETERMINANTS OF TELEWORKING AND TRANSPORT SUBSTITUTION
EFFECTS.400
20.4 THE CONSEQUENCES FOR TRAVEL OF WORKING AT HOME
.400 20.5 DETERMINANTS OF TELEWORKING
.401 20.5.1
MULTIVARIATE RELATIONS
.404 20.6
LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF TELEWORKING
.406 20.7 CONCLUSION
.408
21. THE IMPACT OF TELECOMMUTING ON HOUSEHOLDS* TRAVEL BEHAVIOUR,
EXPENDITURES AND EMISSIONS
.411
ANDREA F. GLOGGER, THOMAS W. ZAENGLER AND GEORG KARG 21.1
INTRODUCTION
.411
21.2
MODEL.414
21.3
METHOD.416
21.4 RESULTS
.417
21.4.1 SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS
.417 21.4.2 TRAVEL
BEHAVIOUR.417
21.4.3
EXPENDITURES.419
21.4.4
EMISSIONS.420
21.5 DISCUSSION AND
CONCLUSION.420 |
| adam_txt |
TABLE OF CONTENTS IN MEMORY OF PROFESSOR CHRIS
JENSEN-BUTLER .V
1. INTRODUCTION
.1
BIRGITTE SLOTH 2. ROAD PRICING IN EUROPE * A REVIEW OF RESEARCH AND
PRACTICE .5 ESKO NISKANEN AND CHRIS NASH 2.1
INTRODUCTION.5
2.2 THE CURRENT
SITUATION.6
2.2.1 BACKGROUND
.6
2.2.2 CURRENT PRICING POLICIES AT NATIONAL
LEVEL.7 2.2.3 EU PRICING
POLICY.8
2.2.4 THE NEED FOR PRICING POLICY
REFORM.9 2.3 KEY ISSUES,
CONCEPTS AND
APPROACHES.10 2.3.1 THE
GOALS OF ROAD PRICING
.10 2.3.2
THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO ROAD
PRICING.11 2.3.3 PRACTICAL APPROACHES
AND INSTRUMENTS .12 2.4 ROAD
PRICING IN PRACTICE IN URBAN TRANSPORT
.14 2.4.1 CURRENT SCHEMES IN
URBAN TRANSPORT PRICING.14 2.4.2 BARRIERS ON
URBAN ROAD PRICING .15
2.4.3 THE NEXT STEPS IN URBAN ROAD PRICING
.18 2.5 ROAD PRICING IN PRACTICE IN
INTERURBAN TRANSPORT.19 2.5.1 CURRENT
SCHEMES IN INTERURBAN TRANSPORT .19
2.5.2 BARRIERS IN INTERURBAN ROAD PRICING
.21 2.5.3 THE NEXT STEPS IN
INTERURBAN ROAD PRICING.22 2.6
CONCLUSIONS.22
2.6.1 LESSONS FROM
RESEARCH.22
2.6.2 LESSONS FROM PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE: WHAT NEXT?
.24 3. ROAD PRICING: CONSEQUENCES FOR
TRAFFIC, CONGESTION AND LOCATION .29 LARS-GOERAN MATTSSON 3.1
INTRODUCTION.29
3.2 APPLICATION OF A ZONE-BASED ROAD PRICING SYSTEM TO
STOCKHOLM.31 3.2.1 SCENARIOS
.31
3.2.2 MODELLING APPROACH
.32
3.2.3 TRANSPORT
EFFECTS.33
3.3 APPLICATION OF A DISTANCE-BASED ROAD PRICING SYSTEM TO STOCKHOLM
.37 VIII TABLE OF CONTENTS 3.3.1 SCENARIOS
.37
3.3.2 MODELLING APPROACH
.38
3.3.3 TRANSPORT
EFFECTS.38
3.4 APPLICATION OF OPTIMAL CONGESTION PRICING TO A GENERIC
CITY.40 3.4.1 MODELLING APPROACH
.40
3.4.2 SCENARIOS
.42
3.4.3 TRANSPORT AND LOCATION EFFECTS
.43 3.5 DISCUSSION AND
CONCLUSIONS.45
4. IMPLEMENTATION PATHS FOR MARGINAL COST-BASED PRICING IN URBAN
TRANSPORT: THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND CASE STUDY RESULTS
.49 ERIK T. VERHOEF, C. ROBIN LINDSEY, ESKO NISKANEN, ANDRE
DE PALMA, PAAVO MOILANEN, STEF PROOST AND ARILD VOLD 4.1
INTRODUCTION.50
4.2 IMPLEMENTATION PATHS: MOTIVATION AND
THEORY.50 4.2.1
BARRIERS.51
4.2.2 CONSTRAINTS ON PRICING
.53 4.2.3
CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN BARRIERS AND CONSTRAINTS .54 4.3
FORMULATING IMPLEMENTATION PATHS
.56 4.4
DESCRIPTION OF THE MC-ICAM URBAN CASE
STUDIES.58 4.4.1 THE PARIS CASE
STUDY.58
4.4.2 THE BRUSSELS CASE STUDY
.60 4.4.3 THE
HELSINKI CASE STUDY
.61 4.4.4 THE
GREATER OSLO CASE STUDY
.61 4.4.5 ASSESSMENT
OF THE CASE STUDIES .61
4.5 IMPLEMENTATION PATHS IN THE CASE STUDIES
.62 4.5.1
PARIS.65
4.5.2 BRUSSELS
.65
4.5.3 HELSINKI
.66
4.5.4 GREATER OSLO
.67
4.5.5 ROLE OF BARRIERS AND CONSTRAINTS IN THE CASE STUDY IMPLEMENTATION
PATHS.68
4.6 CASE STUDY
FINDINGS.68
4.6.1 MAIN
RESULTS.68
4.6.2 SOME SPECIFIC
ISSUES.73
4.7 CONCLUDING
REMARKS.75
4.7.1 SUMMARY
.75
4.7.2 THEORETICAL VS. PRACTICAL APPROACHES TO THE IPS
.76 4.7.3 QUESTIONS OF PRIORITY AND
TIMING.76 4.7.4 OTHER
LIMITATIONS OF THE CASE STUDIES.77
5. THE LONDON CONGESTION CHARGING SCHEME: THE EVIDENCE
.79 JOHN PEIRSON AND ROGER VICKERMAN 5.1
INTRODUCTION.79
5.2 BACKGROUND TO THE LCCS
.79
TABLE OF CONTENTS IX 5.3 THE WORKING OF THE LCCS
.82
5.4 THEORY OF AREA
PRICING.83
5.5 EVIDENCE ON
LCCS.84
5.6 INTERPRETATION OF THE EVIDENCE
.85 5.7
EXTENSION OF LCCS
AREA.87
5.8 RELEVANCE TO OTHER URBAN ROAD PRICING SCHEMES
.87 5.9
CONCLUSIONS.88
6. THE AKTA ROAD PRICING EXPERIMENT IN COPENHAGEN
.93 OTTO ANKER NIELSEN AND MAJKEN
VILDRIK SOERENSEN 6.1
INTRODUCTION.94
6.2 DESIGN OF THE
EXPERIMENT.94
6.2.1 SURVEY SETUP
.95
6.2.2 PRICING SCHEMES
.96
6.3 PRACTICAL
ISSUES.97
6.3.1 PROBLEMS WITH THE GPS TECHNOLOGY
.98 6.3.2 ADDING A THIRD
ROUND.99
6.4 GENERAL RESULTS
.100
6.4.1 SOCIOECONOMIC VARIABLES FOR AKTA
PARTICIPANTS.100 6.4.2 EXPERIENCE AND ATTITUDES
TOWARDS ROAD PRICING.101 6.4.3 THE GENERAL POPULATION
SURVEY OF ATTITUDES TOWARDS ROAD
PRICING.103
6.5 BEHAVIOURAL CHANGES AND AKTA: THE MAIN RESULTS
.105 6.6 DISCUSSION AND
CONCLUSIONS.107
6.6.1 GPS TECHNOLOGY
.107
6.6.2 THE MAIN EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
.107 6.6.3 CHANGES IN
BEHAVIOUR AND EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT PRICING SCHEMES
.108
6.6.4 ATTITUDES TOWARDS ROAD PRICING
.108 7. EXPERIENCE WITH
MEASURING EQUITY AND EFFICIENCY: A CASE FROM OSLO
.111
FARIDEH RAMJERDI, KNUT OESTMOE AND HARALD MINKEN 7.1
INTRODUCTION.111
7.2 EQUITY
MEASURES.
.113 7.2.1 PROPERTIES OF EQUITY MEASURES
.114 7.2.2 SOME
INEQUALITY MEASURES
.115 7.3 EVALUATION
OF ALTERNATIVE PACKAGES OF INSTRUMENTS FOR OSLO .117 7.4 A
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF MCF
.122 7.5 AN
EVALUATION OF THE EQUITY IMPLICATIONS OF AN *OPTIMAL* PACKAGE
.123
7.6 SOME
CONCLUSIONS.129
8. TRANSPORT COSTS IN A MULTIREGIONAL EQUILIBRIUM JOB SEARCH MODEL
.133 MORTEN MAROTT LARSEN, NINETTE PILEGAARD AND JOS VAN OMMEREN
8.1
INTRODUCTION.133
X TABLE OF CONTENTS 8.2 THE BASIC MODEL
.136
8.2.1 THE MATCHING
MODEL.136
8.2.2 JOB
DESTRUCTION.137
8.2.3 EQUILIBRIUM EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT.137
8.2.4 JOB CREATION
.138
8.2.5
WORKERS.138
8.2.6 THE SPATIAL WAGE
EQUATION.138 8.2.7
RESERVATION COMMUTING
COSTS.139 8.3 SIMULATIONS
WITH THE FUNDAMENTAL MODEL.140
8.4 THEORETICAL EXTENSIONS
.141
8.4.1 ROAD PRICING AND REGIONAL DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS
.144 8.4.2 THE CASE OF
ZEALAND.154
8.5 CONCLUSION
.164
9. EVALUATION OF THE INTRODUCTION OF ROAD PRICING USING A COMPUTABLE
GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL .167
KNUD J. MUNK 9.1
INTRODUCTION.167
9.2 THE THEORETICAL
MODEL.168
9.3 APPLICATION OF THE THEORY OF PUBLIC ECONOMICS TO THE TAXATION OF
TRANSPORT AND INVESTMENT IN TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
.170 9.3.1 TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THAT LEISURE TRAVEL IS
COMPLEMENTARY TO
LEISURE.171
9.3.2 TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THAT TRANSPORT IS ASSOCIATED WITH
EXTERNALITIES.172
9.3.3 TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THAT LEISURE TRAVEL IS PREDOMINATELY CONSUMED
BY HOUSEHOLDS WITH A RELATIVELY HIGH INCOME .172 9.3.4 REASONS FOR
TAXING TRANSPORT HIGHER THAN OTHER GOODS.173 9.3.5 THE OPTIMAL
SIZE OF THE TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE .173 9.3.6 THE
EFFECT OF THE INTRODUCTION OF ROAD PRICING ON THE OPTIMAL TAXATION OF
TRANSPORT AND THE OPTIMAL PROVISION OF TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
.173 9.3.7 THE
INTRODUCTION OF ROAD PRICING WILL BE ASSOCIATED WITH A DOUBLE DIVIDEND
.174
9.4 THE PARAMETERISED MODEL
.175
9.4.1 SPECIFICATION OF FUNCTIONAL FORMS FOR FREE ROAD CAPACITY AND
ENVIRONMENTAL EXTERNALITIES
.175 9.4.2 SPECIFICATION OF
HOUSEHOLD PREFERENCES.176 9.4.3 REAL
INCOME AND SOCIAL WELFARE
.177 9.5 THE SPECIFICATION
OF THE PARAMETERISED MODEL .178 9.6
PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF SIMULATION RESULTS
.180 9.6.1 CONSEQUENCE
ANALYSIS.180
9.6.2 PROJECT EVALUATION
.183
9.6.3 OPTIMALITY
ANALYSIS.184
9.7 CONCLUSION
.188
TABLE OF CONTENTS XI 10. EFFICIENCY AND EQUITY CONSIDERATIONS IN
ROAD PRICING .193 HARALD MINKEN AND FARIDEH
RAMJERDI 10.1 INTRODUCTION
.193
10.2 ASPECTS OF
EQUITY.195
10.3 INDICATORS OF EQUITY
.197
10.4 EQUITY, EFFICIENCY AND
MODELLING.201 10.5
OPTIMAL ROAD PRICING SUBJECT TO EQUITY
CONSTRAINTS.203 10.6 SOLVING THE OPTIMISATION
PROBLEM.204 10.7
CONCLUSIONS
.204
11. MODELLING THE ECONOMY, TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT TRIANGLE, WITH
AN APPLICATION TO DUTCH MAGLEV PROJECTS
.207 JAN OOSTERHAVEN AND J.
PAUL ELHORST 11.1 INTRODUCTION
.207
11.2 THE DIFFERENT NATURE OF THE THREE TYPES OF INTERACTION
.208 11.3 MODELLING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
.210 11.4 MODELLING
TRANSPORT-ECONOMY INTERACTIONS.211
11.5 AN APPLICATION OF DUTCH MAGLEV
PROPOSALS.214 11.5.1 INTRODUCTION
.214
11.5.2 MODELLING THE INTERACTION BETWEEN THE ECONOMY AND THE TRANSPORT
SYSTEM.217
11.5.3 A WELFARE EVALUATION OF EXTERNAL EFFECTS
.221 11.6 CONCLUSION
.223
12. A SYSTEMS APPROACH TO MODELLING THE REGIONAL ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF
ROAD PRICING
.229
BJARNE MADSEN, CHRIS JENSEN-BUTLER, JACOB KRONBAK AND STEEN LELEUR
12.1 INTRODUCTION
.229
12.2 A SYSTEMS APPROACH TO REGIONAL AND SUB-REGIONAL ECONOMIC
MODELLING.232
12.2.1 DATA AND ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES
.232 12.2.2 MODELLING PRINCIPLES
.232 12.2.3
OPTIMAL MODEL
STRUCTURE.235 12.2.4
A LOOSELY COUPLED MODEL FOR TRANSPORT AND AGRICULTURE .235 12.3 THE
LINKING
PROCEDURES.237
12.3.1 LINKING THE MODELS WITHIN THE TRANSPORT SECTOR .237
12.3.2 LINKING THE TRANSPORT AND REGIONAL ECONOMIC MODELS.240 12.4
LINE: THE FULL MODEL, A GRAPHICAL PRESENTATION
.242 12.4.1 THE DIMENSIONS OF LINE
.245 12.5 ROAD PRICING
AND MODELLING ITS IMPACTS.247
12.5.1 ROAD
PRICING.247
12.6 RESULTS FROM THE DANISH ROAD PRICING TOLL
STUDY.247 12.6.1 CHANGES IN TRANSPORT
COSTS.248 12.6.2 CHANGES
IN COMMODITY PRICES AND DISPOSABLE INCOMES.251 12.6.3 CHANGES IN
DEMAND, PRODUCTION AND INCOME.253 12.6.4 CHANGES IN
EMPLOYMENT AND INCOME .253 XII TABLE OF
CONTENTS 12.6.5 RECYCLING THE REVENUE FROM ROAD PRICING: A BALANCED
BUDGET .256
12.7 LIMITATIONS OF THE MODEL AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
.259 12.8 CONCLUSION
.260
13. EXTERNAL EFFECTS AND ROAD CHARGING
.267 JEPPE RICH
AND OTTO ANKER NIELSEN 13.1 INTRODUCTION
.267
13.2 EXTERNAL EFFECTS:
BACKGROUND.268
13.3 DEMAND EFFECT FROM ROAD CHARGING
.270 13.3.1 CHARGING AND
DEMAND: EXPERIENCE FROM LONDON, STOCKHOLM AND COPENHAGEN
.270 13.4 INTERNALISATION
OF EXTERNAL EFFECTS THROUGH ROAD CHARGING .272 13.4.1 ROAD
SAFETY
.272
13.4.2 TRAFFIC
NOISE.273
13.4.3 EMISSION
.274
13.5 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
.274 14.
ASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF TRAFFIC AIR POLLUTION ON HUMAN EXPOSURE AND
HEALTH
.277
OLE HERTEL, STEEN SOLVANG JENSEN, MARTIN HVIDBERG, MATTHIAS KETZEL,
RUWIM BERKOWICZ, FINN PALMGREN, PETER WAHLIN, MARIANNE GLASIUS, STEFFEN
LOFT, PETER VINZENTS, OLE RAASCHOU-NIELSEN, METTE SOERENSEN AND HELLE BAK
14.1 INTRODUCTION
.277
14.2 AIR POLLUTION IN URBAN AREAS
.278 14.2.1
URBAN BACKGROUND AND STREET POLLUTION .279
14.3 AIR POLLUTION EXPOSURE
ASSESSMENT.280 14.4
DIRECT METHODS FOR EXPOSURE
ASSESSMENT.280 14.5 INDIRECT
METHODS FOR EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT.281
14.5.1 MONITORING NETWORKS
.281 14.5.2
APPLICATION OF MODELS FOR EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT.282 14.5.3
MODELLING LONG RANGE TRANSPORT OF POLLUTION.282 14.5.4
MODELLING POLLUTION IN THE URBAN BACKGROUND.284 14.5.5
MODELLING URBAN STREET
POLLUTION.285 14.5.6 MODELLING
NITROGEN OXIDE CHEMISTRY IN STREET AND URBAN
BACKGROUND.285
14.5.7 DETERMINATION OF EMISSIONS AND EMISSION FACTORS .286
14.6 PARTICLE POLLUTION
.286
14.6.1 SOURCE OF TRAFFIC PARTICLES AND
MODELLING.287 14.6.2 OTHER PARTICLE SOURCES
.289 14.7
EXAMPLES OF EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT IN DANISH STUDIES
.290 14.7.1 EXPOSURE OF BUS DRIVERS AND POSTMEN IN
COPENHAGEN .290 14.7.2 EXPOSURE OF DANISH CHILDREN TO TRAFFIC AIR
POLLUTION.292 14.7.3 PERSONAL MONITORING OF AIR POLLUTION
EXPOSURE IN
COPENHAGEN.292
TABLE OF CONTENTS XIII 14.7.4 USING GIS IN STREET POLLUTION MODELLING
FOR EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
.293
14.8 ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION EXPOSURE
.296 14.9 PERSPECTIVES
.297
15. CAR USE HABITS: AN OBSTACLE TO THE USE OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION?
.301 BERIT MOELLER AND JOHN THOEGERSEN 15.1 INTRODUCTION
.301
15.2
METHOD.304
15.3
DATA.304
15.4 RESULTS
.307
15.5 SUMMARY AND IMPLICATIONS
.308 16.
ROAD PRICING IN DENMARK * USER ATTITUDES AND USER REACTIONS
.315 MAI-BRITT HERSLUND 16.1 INTRODUCTION
.315
16.2 USER STUDIES OF THE FORTRIN
PROJECT.316 16.2.1 PRICING
STRATEGY
.316
16.2.2 TEST
POPULATION.3
17 16.2.3 FOCUS-GROUP MEETINGS
.317 16.2.4 THE
STUDY BY QUESTIONNAIRES.319
16.2.5 TRIP LOGS
.320
16.2.6 CONCLUSIONS OF THE FORTRIN
STUDY.320 16.3 AKTA * THE ROAD PRICING
STUDY OF COPENHAGEN .321 16.3.1 DESIGN OF
THE STUDY
.321 16.3.2
DIFFERENT USER STUDIES
.321 16.3.3
RESULTS FROM TELEPHONE INTERVIEWS.322
16.3.4 PRICING SCHEMES
.324
16.3.5 FOCUS
GROUPS.326
16.3.6 KEY RESULTS FROM QUESTIONNAIRES
.327 16.4 OVERALL CONCLUSIONS OF
THE TWO USER STUDIES .329 17. A
COST-MINIMISATION PRINCIPLE OF ADAPTATION OF PRIVATE CAR USE IN RESPONSE
TO ROAD PRICING SCHEMES
.331 PETER
LOUKOPOULOS, TOMMY GAERLING, CECILIA JAKOBSSON AND SATOSHI FUJII 17.1
INTRODUCTION
.331
17.2 MARKET-BASED TRAVEL DEMAND MANAGEMENT (TDM) MEASURES .332
17.3 CLASSIFICATION OF TRAVEL DEMAND MANAGEMENT (TDM) MEASURES.333
17.3.1
COERCIVENESS.334
17.3.2 TOW-DOWN VS. BOTTOM-UP
PROCESSES.335 17.3.3 TIME
SCALE.335
17.3.4 SPATIAL SCALE
.336
17.3.5 MARKET-BASED VS. REGULATORY MECHANISMS
.336 17.3.6 IMPACTING LATENT VS. MANIFEST TRAVEL
DEMAND .337 17.4 THEORETICAL
FRAMEWORK.338
17.5 IMPLICATIONS FOR THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TDM MEASURES
.342 XIV TABLE OF CONTENTS 17.6 SUMMARY AND
DISCUSSION.343
18. CAR USERS* TRADE-OFFS BETWEEN TIME, TRIP LENGTH, COST AND ROAD
PRICING IN BEHAVIOURAL MODELS
.351
OTTO ANKER NIELSEN AND GORAN VUK 18.1 INTRODUCTION
.352
18.2 SP DESIGN
.352
18.3 AWARENESS OF TRAVEL DISTANCE AND TRAVEL
TIME.354 18.4 SP MODEL ESTIMATION
.357
18.4.1 MODEL FORMULATION (UTILITY FUNCTIONS)
.357 18.4.2 INCOME EFFECT MODELS
.361 18.4.3
ALTERNATIVE MODEL FORMULATIONS
.362 18.5 THE RP ROUTE CHOICE
MODEL .362
18.5.1 UTILITY FUNCTION
.363
18.5.2
ESTIMATION.363
18.5.3 WITHIN PERSON VARIATION
.364 18.5.4 BETWEEN
PERSON VARIATION .365
18.5.5 ESTIMATION OF THE IMPACT OF ROAD PRICING ON TRAFFIC .367
18.5.6 INCOME EFFECT
.369
18.5.7 OTHER EXPLANATORY VARIABLES
.370 18.6 COMPARISON
BETWEEN SP AND RP MODELS.371
18.7 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
.372 19.
THE IMPACTS OF E-WORK AND E-COMMERCE ON TRANSPORT, THE ENVIRONMENT AND
THE ECONOMY
.375
ANDY LAKE 19.1 BEING ACTIVE WITHOUT MOVING
.375 19.2 THE UK
STUDY.376
19.3 E-WORK
.377
19.4 E-BUSINESS AND E-COMMERCE
.380 19.5
REBOUNDS
.383
19.6 ENVIRONMENT
.385
19.7 ECONOMIC GROWTH, TRANSPORT GROWTH AND EUROPEAN POLICY
.387 19.8 FUTURE RESEARCH
DIRECTIONS.388
19.9 CONCLUSION
.389
20. A WEB-BASED STUDY OF THE PROPENSITY TO TELEWORK BASED ON SOCIO-
ECONOMIC, WORK ORGANISATION AND SPATIAL FACTORS
.395 LASSE MOELLER-JENSEN, CHRIS
JENSEN-BUTLER, BJARNE MADSEN, JEREMY MILLARD AND LARS SCHMIDT 20.1
INTRODUCTION
.395
20.2 TELEWORKING: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES
.396 20.2.1 DEFINING TELEWORKING
.396 20.2.2 THE
EXTENT OF
TELEWORKING.397 20.2.3
TELEWORKING AND SAVINGS IN TRANSPORT EFFORT .397
20.2.4 MODELLING THE TAKE-UP OF
TELEWORKING.398 TABLE OF CONTENTS XV
20.2.5 TECHNOLOGY ISSUES
.399 20.2.6
LONG-TERM EFFECTS
.399 20.3
THE DETERMINANTS OF TELEWORKING AND TRANSPORT SUBSTITUTION
EFFECTS.400
20.4 THE CONSEQUENCES FOR TRAVEL OF WORKING AT HOME
.400 20.5 DETERMINANTS OF TELEWORKING
.401 20.5.1
MULTIVARIATE RELATIONS
.404 20.6
LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF TELEWORKING
.406 20.7 CONCLUSION
.408
21. THE IMPACT OF TELECOMMUTING ON HOUSEHOLDS* TRAVEL BEHAVIOUR,
EXPENDITURES AND EMISSIONS
.411
ANDREA F. GLOGGER, THOMAS W. ZAENGLER AND GEORG KARG 21.1
INTRODUCTION
.411
21.2
MODEL.414
21.3
METHOD.416
21.4 RESULTS
.417
21.4.1 SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS
.417 21.4.2 TRAVEL
BEHAVIOUR.417
21.4.3
EXPENDITURES.419
21.4.4
EMISSIONS.420
21.5 DISCUSSION AND
CONCLUSION.420 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author_GND | (DE-588)134011767 |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV023082936 |
| callnumber-first | H - Social Science |
| callnumber-label | HE336 |
| callnumber-raw | HE336.C66 |
| callnumber-search | HE336.C66 |
| callnumber-sort | HE 3336 C66 |
| callnumber-subject | HE - Transportation and Communications |
| classification_rvk | QR 850 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)191760117 (DE-599)DNB986338648 |
| dewey-full | 388.1/14 388.114094 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 388 - Transportation |
| dewey-raw | 388.1/14 388.114094 |
| dewey-search | 388.1/14 388.114094 |
| dewey-sort | 3388.1 214 |
| dewey-tens | 380 - Commerce, communications, transportation |
| discipline | Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
| discipline_str_mv | Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>00000nam a2200000 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV023082936</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20080430</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t|</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">080116s2008 gw d||| |||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="015" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">07,N49,0380</subfield><subfield code="2">dnb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="016" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">986338648</subfield><subfield code="2">DE-101</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9783540771494</subfield><subfield code="c">Gb. : ca. EUR 117.65 (freier Pr.), ca. sfr 191.50 (freier Pr.)</subfield><subfield code="9">978-3-540-77149-4</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">3540771492</subfield><subfield code="c">Gb. : ca. EUR 117.65 (freier Pr.), ca. sfr 191.50 (freier Pr.)</subfield><subfield code="9">3-540-77149-2</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="024" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9783540771494</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="028" ind1="5" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">12201372</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)191760117</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)DNB986338648</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rakddb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="044" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">gw</subfield><subfield code="c">XA-DE-BE</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-355</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-703</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-N2</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-2070s</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-188</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">HE336.C66</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">388.1/14</subfield><subfield code="2">22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">388.114094</subfield><subfield code="2">22/ger</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">QR 850</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)142092:</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">330</subfield><subfield code="2">sdnb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Road pricing, the economy and the environment</subfield><subfield code="c">Chris Jensen-Butler ..., ed.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Berlin [u.a.]</subfield><subfield code="b">Springer</subfield><subfield code="c">2008</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">XV, 425 S.</subfield><subfield code="b">graph. Darst.</subfield><subfield code="c">235 mm x 155 mm</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Advances in spatial science</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="610" ind1="2" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Europäische Union</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)5098525-5</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Péages de congestion</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Routes - Finances</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Congestion pricing</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Roads</subfield><subfield code="x">Finance</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Umweltverträglichkeit</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4061655-1</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Verkehrspolitik</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4062955-7</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Straßenbenutzungsgebühr</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4206779-0</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Nachhaltigkeit</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4326464-5</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="655" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4143413-4</subfield><subfield code="a">Aufsatzsammlung</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd-content</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Europäische Union</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)5098525-5</subfield><subfield code="D">b</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Verkehrspolitik</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4062955-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Nachhaltigkeit</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4326464-5</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Umweltverträglichkeit</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4061655-1</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Straßenbenutzungsgebühr</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4206779-0</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Jensen-Butler, Christopher</subfield><subfield code="d">1945-2006</subfield><subfield code="e">Sonstige</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)134011767</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">SWBplus Fremddatenuebernahme</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016285930&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="943" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016285930</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| genre | (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung |
| id | DE-604.BV023082936 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T19:38:02Z |
| indexdate | 2025-01-02T11:20:07Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9783540771494 3540771492 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016285930 |
| oclc_num | 191760117 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-12 DE-703 DE-N2 DE-2070s DE-188 |
| owner_facet | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-12 DE-703 DE-N2 DE-2070s DE-188 |
| physical | XV, 425 S. graph. Darst. 235 mm x 155 mm |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSearch | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Advances in spatial science |
| spelling | Road pricing, the economy and the environment Chris Jensen-Butler ..., ed. Berlin [u.a.] Springer 2008 XV, 425 S. graph. Darst. 235 mm x 155 mm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Advances in spatial science Europäische Union (DE-588)5098525-5 gnd rswk-swf Péages de congestion Routes - Finances Congestion pricing Roads Finance Umweltverträglichkeit (DE-588)4061655-1 gnd rswk-swf Verkehrspolitik (DE-588)4062955-7 gnd rswk-swf Straßenbenutzungsgebühr (DE-588)4206779-0 gnd rswk-swf Nachhaltigkeit (DE-588)4326464-5 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Europäische Union (DE-588)5098525-5 b Verkehrspolitik (DE-588)4062955-7 s Nachhaltigkeit (DE-588)4326464-5 s Umweltverträglichkeit (DE-588)4061655-1 s Straßenbenutzungsgebühr (DE-588)4206779-0 s DE-604 Jensen-Butler, Christopher 1945-2006 Sonstige (DE-588)134011767 oth SWBplus Fremddatenuebernahme application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016285930&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Road pricing, the economy and the environment Europäische Union (DE-588)5098525-5 gnd Péages de congestion Routes - Finances Congestion pricing Roads Finance Umweltverträglichkeit (DE-588)4061655-1 gnd Verkehrspolitik (DE-588)4062955-7 gnd Straßenbenutzungsgebühr (DE-588)4206779-0 gnd Nachhaltigkeit (DE-588)4326464-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)5098525-5 (DE-588)4061655-1 (DE-588)4062955-7 (DE-588)4206779-0 (DE-588)4326464-5 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Road pricing, the economy and the environment |
| title_auth | Road pricing, the economy and the environment |
| title_exact_search | Road pricing, the economy and the environment |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Road pricing, the economy and the environment |
| title_full | Road pricing, the economy and the environment Chris Jensen-Butler ..., ed. |
| title_fullStr | Road pricing, the economy and the environment Chris Jensen-Butler ..., ed. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Road pricing, the economy and the environment Chris Jensen-Butler ..., ed. |
| title_short | Road pricing, the economy and the environment |
| title_sort | road pricing the economy and the environment |
| topic | Europäische Union (DE-588)5098525-5 gnd Péages de congestion Routes - Finances Congestion pricing Roads Finance Umweltverträglichkeit (DE-588)4061655-1 gnd Verkehrspolitik (DE-588)4062955-7 gnd Straßenbenutzungsgebühr (DE-588)4206779-0 gnd Nachhaltigkeit (DE-588)4326464-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Europäische Union Péages de congestion Routes - Finances Congestion pricing Roads Finance Umweltverträglichkeit Verkehrspolitik Straßenbenutzungsgebühr Nachhaltigkeit Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016285930&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jensenbutlerchristopher roadpricingtheeconomyandtheenvironment |