Liver diseases: biochemical mechanisms and new therapeutic insights 2 Pathophysiology, diagnostic and therapeutic insights
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Enfield, NH [u.a.]
Science Publ.
2006
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIX S., S. 246 - 540 Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 1578084016 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 cc4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV023023158 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20080125 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 071127s2006 ad|| |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 1578084016 |9 1-57808-401-6 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)61351602 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV023023158 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rakwb | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 049 | |a DE-355 | ||
| 050 | 0 | |a RC846.9 | |
| 082 | 0 | |a 616.3/62 |2 22 | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Liver diseases |b biochemical mechanisms and new therapeutic insights |n 2 |p Pathophysiology, diagnostic and therapeutic insights |c ed.: Shakir Ali ... |
| 264 | 1 | |a Enfield, NH [u.a.] |b Science Publ. |c 2006 | |
| 300 | |a XIX S., S. 246 - 540 |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Liver Diseases | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Liver |x Pathophysiology | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ali, Shakir |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |w (DE-604)BV023023150 |g 2 |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m HBZ Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016227178&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016227178 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804137243937341440 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Preface v
About the Editors xiii
About the Authors xv
Volume—1
Section -1. Liver Diseases: Mediators and Regulation
1. Collagen Gene Regulation in the Hepatic Stellate Cell 3-26
Branko Stefanovic and Richard A. Rippe (USA)
Introduction 3
Molecular mechanisms Controlling Collagen synthesis 5
Mediators influencing Collagen expression in HSCs 10
Posttranscriptional regulation of type I Collagen expression 13
2. CYP2E1—Biochemical and Toxicological Aspects and Role in Alcohol-induced Liver Injury 27-44
Arthur 1. Cederbaum (USA)
Introduction 27
CYP2E1 29
CYP2E1 and alcohol-induced liver injury 35
Biochemical and toxicological properties of CYP2E1 in HEPG2 cells 35
Future perspectives 38
3. Alcohol and Methyl Transfer: Implications for Alcohol-related Hepatocarcinogenesis 45-58
Felix Stichel (Switzerland), Christoph Herold, Helmut K. Seitz and Detlef Schuppan (Germany)
Introduction 45
Alcohol-related hepatocarcinogenesis: A multi-step process 46
Mechanisms of alcohol toxicity 47
Lipotropes as a target of alcohol toxicity 47
SAMe for chemoprevention in hepatocarcinogenesis 54
Conclusion 54
4. Methionine Adenosyltransferase and S-adenosylmethionine in Liver Health and Disease 59-78
Shelly C. Lu and Jose M. Mato (USA)
Introduction 59
Historical perspective 60
Hepatic methionine metabolism 61
MAT genes and enzyme isoforms 61
Abnormalities of MAT in liver disease 62
Mechanisms of altered MAT gene expression in liver cirrhosis and cancer 65
SAMe as control switch in maintaining normal liver function 66
Importance of MAT and SAMe in liver disease—lessons learned from the MAT1A null mice 68
Concluding remarks 72
Viii LIVER DISEASES
5. Acetone Metabolism in the Liver: Two Approaches to the Same Phenomenon 79-92
Med. Habil. Miklos Peter Kalapos (Hungary)
Introduction and history 79
Metabolic pathways for acetone and role of liver 80
Effects of acetone on biotransformation of xenobiotics 82
Summary of clinical implications 84
Possible pathophysiological role(s) of acetone biodegradation: two approaches to the same phenomenon 86
Conclusion, perspectives and unanswered questions 87
6. Oxidative Stress and Liver Fibrosis: From Liver Injury to Modulation of Cell Signalling and Response 93-114
Elena Zamara, Erica Novo and Maurizio Parola (Italy)
Introduction 94
Oxidative stress, liver fibrosis, and chronic liver diseases: major concepts 96
Major consequences of oxidative stress generation in relation to liver fibrosis and its progression 101
Antioxidants: a possible tool to support conventional therapy for CLDs to reduce fibrosis progression? 107
Concluding remarks 108
7. Role of Nitric Oxide in Liver Disorders 115-132
Pablo Muriel (Mexico)
Introduction 115
Nitric oxide and hepatic fibrosis 116
Nitric oxide and hyperdynamic circulation 117
Nitric oxide and paracetamol-induced liver injury 119
Nitric oxide, and liver inflammation and septic shock 120
Nitric oxide and hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury 122
Role of nitric oxide in hepatocellular carcinoma 123
Nitric oxide effects on mitochondria and other organelles 124
Concluding remarks 125
8. Renin-Angiotensin System and Liver Fibrosis 133-140
Hitoshi Yoshiji, Shigeki Kuriyama and Hiroshi Fukui (Japan)
Introduction 133
Angiotensin II and liver fibrosis 135
Angiotensin II and angiogenesis 135
Angiotensin II and TIMP-1 136
Conclusions 138
Section - II. Immunological Basis of Liver Injury
9. Cell and Molecular Mechanisms in the Development of Chronic Liver Inflammation 143-158
Simon C. Afford and Patricia F. Lalor (UK)
Introduction 143
Triggering hepatic inflammation 145
Trafficking and retention of inflammatory cells in the liver and role of hepatic endothelium 146
Role of cholangiocytes and hepatocytes during Inflammation 149
Regulation of hepatic stellate cell function and survival 153
Potential targets for therapeutic intervention 154
10. Role of Activated Macrophages in Liver Disease 159-178
Ion V. Deaciuc and Craig}. McClain (USA)
Introduction 159
Markers of macrophage activation 160
Mechanisms of monocyte and Kupffer cell activation 162
Liver injury by MC- and KC-secreted mediators 165
Conclusions and future directions 1 1
j
CONTENTS ix
11. Basis for Immune Recognition of Cellular Targets in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 179-196
Ruth Joplin (UK)
Introduction 179
Cellular targets in PBC 180
Antigenic targets in PBC 184
Models of PBC 187
Infectious agent as basis of immune recognition of cellular targets in PBC? 190
12. Cross Talk of Hepatocytes and Nonparenchymal Liver Cells in Physiology and Pathology:
Monoxides and Eicosanoids 197-216
Zbigniew Kmiec (Poland)
Nitric oxide in normal and diseased liver 197
Role of heme oxygenase and carbon monoxide in liver function 202
Eicosanoids in liver physiology and pathobiology 204
13. Activity of Cytokines in Chronic HCV Infection and Influence of Antiviral Drugs 217-226
Tadeusz Wojciech Lapinski (Poland)
Introduction 217
Role of IL-1 in HCV infection 217
Implication of IL-12 in HCV infection 219
Role of IL-18 in HCV infection 219
Synergy of cytokines in activation of apoptosis 219
Significance of Thl and Th2 lymphocytes in HCV infection 220
Role of IL-2 in HCV infection 220
Significance of IL-15 in hepatitis C infection 220
IFN-y activity in HCV infection 222
Role of IL-4 in HCV infection 222
Influence of HCV infection on IL-6 concentration 222
Activity of other cytokines in HCV infected patients 223
14. Role of Chemokines in Liver Pathophysiology 227-242
Fabio Marra (Italy)
Introduction 228
Alcoholic liver disease 230
Ischemia-reperfusion injury 230
Transplant rejection 231
Viral hepatitis 232
Other causes of liver inflammation 233
Liver cancer 234
Angiogenesis 234
Liver regeneration 234
Chemokines and the biliary system 235
Liver fibrosis 235
Conclusions 237
Volume—2
Section - HI. Clinical Liver Disease Pathophysiology
15. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases: Clinical and Pathophysiological Features 245-272
Frank A. Anania (USA)
Introduction 245
Primary and secondary causes of hepatic steatosis—macrosteatosis 246
Epidemiology of NAFLD and NASH 248
Pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis: current concepts 251
Rodent models of NAFL and NASH—in vivo tools to study NAFLD 255
X LIVER DISEASES
Status of the utility of animal models 257 i
How is the diagnosis of NAFLD made? 259
Medical therapy for human fatty liver disease 261
Weight reduction for NAFLD: a multidisciplinary approach 262
Novel therapies specifically for NAFLD 265 :
Surgical therapy for NAFLD 266
16. Genetic Basis of Hepatocellular Cancer 273-308
Sigal Tal-Kremer, Christopher P. Day and Helen L. Reeves
Introduction 273
Mechanisms of gene deregulation in HCC 274
Genetic instability in hepatocellular cancer 278
Cell cycle regulation and its disruption in HCC 281 ,..
Inactivation of p53 286
Wnt/p-catenin pathway 289
Apoptosis 291
Roles of various aetiologies of chronic liver disease in initiation and progression of HCC 295 ;
Future directions 301
17. Haemochromatosis: Recent Advances 309-330
AJM Davis and WM Rosenberg
Introduction 309
Iron biology 309
Genetics of HH-HFE 311
HFE epidemiology 311
HFE molecule 311
Effect of HFE mutations 313
Other genetic causes of iron overload 313
Rare HFE mutations 315
Other genes causing HH 315
Prevalence of HH 316
Role of HFE in other liver disorders 320
Role of HFE in extrahepatic disorders 320
Advances in diagnosis 322
Management of HFE 322
Screening for HH 324
Concluding remarks 324 ^
18. Pathophysiology of Cirrhotic Ascites: Recent Advances 331-350
George Therapondos and Florence Wong
Introduction 331
Historical perspective 331
Currently accepted hypothesis: peripheral arterial vasodilatation 332
Evolving concepts 332
Pathogenesis of sodium retention at various stages of cirrhosis 343
19. Cryptogenic Hepatitis 351-366
Isabelle Chemin
Introduction 351
Diagnostic settings 352
External agents 352
Common aetiologies to eliminate 352
Other forms of cryptogenic hepatitis 354
Identification of new hepatitis viruses 357
Candidates viruses in the field of cryptogenic hepatitis 357
Conclusion 361
CONTENTS xi
20. HIV1 and the Liver 367-378
Sandro Vento, M.D. and Francesca Cainelli, M.D.
Introduction 367
Peculiar aspects of the liver in HIV1 infection 367
Hepatitis B Virus infection in HIV-infected patients 368
Hepatitis D and HIV1 infection 370
Hepatitis C Virus infection in HIVl-infected patients 371
Antiretroviral drugs and the liver 373
Conclusions 373
21. Cell Death by Necrosis: Mechanisms and Interception in the Liver 379-398
Shakir AH
Introduction 379
Liver necrosis: a cytolytic injury 380
Necrosis vs apoptosis, and autolysis 381
Mechanisms of liver necrosis 382
Deranged biochemical, cellular and molecular pathways in liver necrosis 389
Biochemical manifestations of liver necrosis 392
Liver necrosis: Interception 393
22. Fulminant Hepatic Failure: Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment 399-420
Eran Elinav and Rafael Bruck
Introduction 399
Definition 400
Pathophysiology 400
Etiology 400
Clinical manifestations 403
Evaluation 405
Treatment 406
Prognosis 408
Liver transplantation 409
Extracorporeal hepatic replacement systems 410
Conclusion 412
Section - IV. Therapeutic and Diagnostic Insights
23. Advances in Biology and Therapy of Hepatitis B Virus Infection 423-438
Frank Tacke, Michael P. Manns and Christian Trautwein
Introduction 423
Hepatitis B virus genome and Proteins 423
Hepatitis B virus life cycle 424
Hepatitis B virus mutants 427
Current vaccination and treatment strategies 430
Novel antiviral strategies and future directions 431
Conclusions 434
24. Hepatitis C Virus: Molecular Virology and Therapeutic Targets 439-458
Andrew Macdonald and Mark Harris
Introduction 439
Genome of HCV 440
Functions of HCV polypeptides in viral replication 440
HCV replication cycle 442
Study of HCV replication—problems and solutions 443
Current therapies for HCV infection 446
Pathogenic mechanisms 447
Concluding remarks 453
Xii LIVER DISEASES
25. Drug Targeting to Hepatic Stellate Cells: A New Strategy to Treat Liver Fibrosis 459-474
Leonie Beljaars, Dirk K.F. Meijer and Klaas Poelstra
Introduction 459
Liver fibrosis and hepatic stellate cells 460
Antifibrotic drugs and hepatic stellate cells 460
Drug targeting: probler and possibilities 461
Drug targeting to hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, and endothelial cells in relation to liver fibrosis 464
Hepatic stellate cell—selective therapy: emerging prospects 465
Important considerations for drugs to be targeted 466
Drugs targeted to hepatic stellate cells 470
Perspectives 471
26. Developing Therapeutic Strategies for Hepatic Fibrosis 475-488
Ichiro Shimizu
Introduction 475
Oxidative stress in liver injury 476
Immunity in liver injury 476
Oxidative stress and HSC activation 476
Antioxidant protective mechanisms 477
Hepatic steatosis 478
HSC activation and ECM 478
Growth factors 478
HSC contractility 479
Termination of HSC activation 479
Antifibrotic therapy 479
Conclusions 484
27. Liver Disease, Oxidative Stress and Ursodeoxycholic Acid 489-510
Predrag Ljubuncic and Arieh Bomzon
Introduction 489
Mitochondria: the machines of cell survival 491
Apoptosis or programmed cell death 491
Apoptosis and oxidative stress 493
Liver disease and bile acids 496
Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) 498
Conclusion 502
28. Plasma TGF-fJ as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker 511-518
M. Antoine, M. Mavituna, R. Weiskirchen, A.M. Gressner and P. Kiefer
Introduction 511
Methods to measure TGF-fi concentrations in plasma 512
Changes in plasma levels of TGF and human disease 514
Concluding remarks 516
29. Hepatocytes as the Gold Standard for Predicting in vivo Hepatotoxicity of Xenobiotics Using Accelerated
Cytotoxicity Mechanism Screening Techniques 519-530
Peter]. O Brien, Arno Shaki, Shahrzad Tafazoli and Katie Chan
Introduction 519
Application of in vitro hepatocyte cytotoxicity research to determine molecular mechanisms
of in vivo xenobiotic-induced liver toxicity 520
Literature review of hepatotoxic mechanisms of halobenzene derivatives 520
Comparison of hepatotoxicity and toxicity mechanisms of halobenzene derivatives in vivo 522
Accelerated Cytotoxic Mechanism Screening with hepatocytes 523
Comparison of hepatocyte cytotoxicity and molecular cytotoxic mechanisms of xenobiotics in vitro using an
ACMS/QSAR approach 523
Idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity promotion by inflammation, H^O, and peroxidases 527
Conclusions 527
Index 531-540
|
| adam_txt |
Contents
Preface v
About the Editors xiii
About the Authors xv
Volume—1
Section -1. Liver Diseases: Mediators and Regulation
1. Collagen Gene Regulation in the Hepatic Stellate Cell 3-26
Branko Stefanovic and Richard A. Rippe (USA)
Introduction 3
Molecular mechanisms Controlling Collagen synthesis 5
Mediators influencing Collagen expression in HSCs 10
Posttranscriptional regulation of type I Collagen expression 13
2. CYP2E1—Biochemical and Toxicological Aspects and Role in Alcohol-induced Liver Injury 27-44
Arthur 1. Cederbaum (USA)
Introduction 27
CYP2E1 29
CYP2E1 and alcohol-induced liver injury 35
Biochemical and toxicological properties of CYP2E1 in HEPG2 cells 35
Future perspectives 38
3. Alcohol and Methyl Transfer: Implications for Alcohol-related Hepatocarcinogenesis 45-58
Felix Stichel (Switzerland), Christoph Herold, Helmut K. Seitz and Detlef Schuppan (Germany)
Introduction 45
Alcohol-related hepatocarcinogenesis: A multi-step process 46
Mechanisms of alcohol toxicity 47
Lipotropes as a target of alcohol toxicity 47
SAMe for chemoprevention in hepatocarcinogenesis 54
Conclusion 54
4. Methionine Adenosyltransferase and S-adenosylmethionine in Liver Health and Disease 59-78
Shelly C. Lu and Jose M. Mato (USA)
Introduction 59
Historical perspective 60
Hepatic methionine metabolism 61
MAT genes and enzyme isoforms 61
Abnormalities of MAT in liver disease 62
Mechanisms of altered MAT gene expression in liver cirrhosis and cancer 65
SAMe as control switch in maintaining normal liver function 66
Importance of MAT and SAMe in liver disease—lessons learned from the MAT1A null mice 68
Concluding remarks 72
Viii LIVER DISEASES
5. Acetone Metabolism in the Liver: Two Approaches to the Same Phenomenon 79-92
Med. Habil. Miklos Peter Kalapos (Hungary)
Introduction and history 79
Metabolic pathways for acetone and role of liver 80
Effects of acetone on biotransformation of xenobiotics 82
Summary of clinical implications 84
Possible pathophysiological role(s) of acetone biodegradation: two approaches to the same phenomenon 86
Conclusion, perspectives and unanswered questions 87
6. Oxidative Stress and Liver Fibrosis: From Liver Injury to Modulation of Cell Signalling and Response 93-114
Elena Zamara, Erica Novo and Maurizio Parola (Italy)
Introduction 94
Oxidative stress, liver fibrosis, and chronic liver diseases: major concepts 96
Major consequences of oxidative stress generation in relation to liver fibrosis and its progression 101
Antioxidants: a possible tool to support conventional therapy for CLDs to reduce fibrosis progression? 107
Concluding remarks 108
7. Role of Nitric Oxide in Liver Disorders 115-132
Pablo Muriel (Mexico)
Introduction 115
Nitric oxide and hepatic fibrosis 116
Nitric oxide and hyperdynamic circulation 117
Nitric oxide and paracetamol-induced liver injury 119
Nitric oxide, and liver inflammation and septic shock 120
Nitric oxide and hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury 122
Role of nitric oxide in hepatocellular carcinoma 123
Nitric oxide effects on mitochondria and other organelles 124
Concluding remarks 125
8. Renin-Angiotensin System and Liver Fibrosis 133-140
Hitoshi Yoshiji, Shigeki Kuriyama and Hiroshi Fukui (Japan)
Introduction 133
Angiotensin II and liver fibrosis 135
Angiotensin II and angiogenesis 135
Angiotensin II and TIMP-1 136
Conclusions 138
Section - II. Immunological Basis of Liver Injury '
9. Cell and Molecular Mechanisms in the Development of Chronic Liver Inflammation 143-158
Simon C. Afford and Patricia F. Lalor (UK)
Introduction 143
Triggering hepatic inflammation 145
Trafficking and retention of inflammatory cells in the liver and role of hepatic endothelium 146
Role of cholangiocytes and hepatocytes during Inflammation 149
Regulation of hepatic stellate cell function and survival 153
Potential targets for therapeutic intervention 154
10. Role of Activated Macrophages in Liver Disease 159-178
Ion V. Deaciuc and Craig}. McClain (USA)
Introduction 159
Markers of macrophage activation 160
Mechanisms of monocyte and Kupffer cell activation 162
Liver injury by MC- and KC-secreted mediators 165
Conclusions and future directions 1'1
j
CONTENTS ix
11. Basis for Immune Recognition of Cellular Targets in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 179-196
Ruth Joplin (UK)
Introduction 179
Cellular targets in PBC 180
Antigenic targets in PBC 184
Models of PBC 187
Infectious agent as basis of immune recognition of cellular targets in PBC? 190
12. Cross Talk of Hepatocytes and Nonparenchymal Liver Cells in Physiology and Pathology:
Monoxides and Eicosanoids 197-216
Zbigniew Kmiec (Poland)
Nitric oxide in normal and diseased liver 197
Role of heme oxygenase and carbon monoxide in liver function 202
Eicosanoids in liver physiology and pathobiology 204
13. Activity of Cytokines in Chronic HCV Infection and Influence of Antiviral Drugs 217-226
Tadeusz Wojciech Lapinski (Poland)
Introduction 217
Role of IL-1 in HCV infection 217
Implication of IL-12 in HCV infection 219
Role of IL-18 in HCV infection 219
Synergy of cytokines in activation of apoptosis 219
Significance of Thl and Th2 lymphocytes in HCV infection 220
Role of IL-2 in HCV infection 220
Significance of IL-15 in hepatitis C infection 220
IFN-y activity in HCV infection 222
Role of IL-4 in HCV infection 222
Influence of HCV infection on IL-6 concentration 222
Activity of other cytokines in HCV infected patients 223
14. Role of Chemokines in Liver Pathophysiology 227-242
Fabio Marra (Italy)
Introduction 228
Alcoholic liver disease 230
Ischemia-reperfusion injury 230
Transplant rejection 231
Viral hepatitis 232
Other causes of liver inflammation 233
Liver cancer 234
Angiogenesis 234
Liver regeneration 234
Chemokines and the biliary system 235
Liver fibrosis 235
Conclusions 237
Volume—2
Section - HI. Clinical Liver Disease Pathophysiology
15. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases: Clinical and Pathophysiological Features 245-272
Frank A. Anania (USA)
Introduction 245
Primary and secondary causes of hepatic steatosis—macrosteatosis 246
Epidemiology of NAFLD and NASH 248
Pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis: current concepts 251
Rodent models of NAFL and NASH—in vivo tools to study NAFLD 255
X LIVER DISEASES
Status of the utility of animal models 257 i'
How is the diagnosis of NAFLD made? 259
Medical therapy for human fatty liver disease 261
Weight reduction for NAFLD: a multidisciplinary approach 262
Novel therapies specifically for NAFLD 265 :
Surgical therapy for NAFLD 266
16. Genetic Basis of Hepatocellular Cancer 273-308
Sigal Tal-Kremer, Christopher P. Day and Helen L. Reeves
Introduction 273
Mechanisms of gene deregulation in HCC 274
Genetic instability in hepatocellular cancer 278
Cell cycle regulation and its disruption in HCC 281 ,.
Inactivation of p53 286
Wnt/p-catenin pathway 289
Apoptosis 291
Roles of various aetiologies of chronic liver disease in initiation and progression of HCC 295 ;
Future directions 301
17. Haemochromatosis: Recent Advances 309-330
AJM Davis and WM Rosenberg
Introduction 309
Iron biology 309
Genetics of HH-HFE 311
HFE epidemiology 311
HFE molecule 311
Effect of HFE mutations 313
Other genetic causes of iron overload 313
Rare HFE mutations 315
Other genes causing HH 315
Prevalence of HH 316
Role of HFE in other liver disorders 320
Role of HFE in extrahepatic disorders 320
Advances in diagnosis 322
Management of HFE 322
Screening for HH 324
Concluding remarks 324 ^
18. Pathophysiology of Cirrhotic Ascites: Recent Advances 331-350
George Therapondos and Florence Wong
Introduction 331
Historical perspective 331
Currently accepted hypothesis: peripheral arterial vasodilatation 332
Evolving concepts 332
Pathogenesis of sodium retention at various stages of cirrhosis 343
19. Cryptogenic Hepatitis 351-366
Isabelle Chemin
Introduction 351
Diagnostic settings 352
External agents 352
Common aetiologies to eliminate 352
Other forms of cryptogenic hepatitis 354
Identification of new hepatitis viruses 357
'Candidates' viruses in the field of cryptogenic hepatitis 357
Conclusion 361
CONTENTS xi
20. HIV1 and the Liver 367-378
Sandro Vento, M.D. and Francesca Cainelli, M.D.
Introduction 367
Peculiar aspects of the liver in HIV1 infection 367
Hepatitis B Virus infection in HIV-infected patients 368
Hepatitis D and HIV1 infection 370
Hepatitis C Virus infection in HIVl-infected patients 371
Antiretroviral drugs and the liver 373
Conclusions 373
21. Cell Death by Necrosis: Mechanisms and Interception in the Liver 379-398
Shakir AH
Introduction 379
Liver necrosis: a cytolytic injury 380
Necrosis vs apoptosis, and autolysis 381
Mechanisms of liver necrosis 382
Deranged biochemical, cellular and molecular pathways in liver necrosis 389
Biochemical manifestations of liver necrosis 392
Liver necrosis: Interception 393
22. Fulminant Hepatic Failure: Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment 399-420
Eran Elinav and Rafael Bruck
Introduction 399
Definition 400
Pathophysiology 400
Etiology 400
Clinical manifestations 403
Evaluation 405
Treatment 406
Prognosis 408
Liver transplantation 409
Extracorporeal hepatic replacement systems 410
Conclusion 412
Section - IV. Therapeutic and Diagnostic Insights
23. Advances in Biology and Therapy of Hepatitis B Virus Infection 423-438
Frank Tacke, Michael P. Manns and Christian Trautwein
Introduction 423
Hepatitis B virus genome and Proteins 423
Hepatitis B virus life cycle 424
Hepatitis B virus mutants 427
Current vaccination and treatment strategies 430
Novel antiviral strategies and future directions 431
Conclusions 434
24. Hepatitis C Virus: Molecular Virology and Therapeutic Targets 439-458
Andrew Macdonald and Mark Harris
Introduction 439
Genome of HCV 440
Functions of HCV polypeptides in viral replication 440
HCV replication cycle 442
Study of HCV replication—problems and solutions 443
Current therapies for HCV infection 446
Pathogenic mechanisms 447
Concluding remarks 453
Xii LIVER DISEASES
25. Drug Targeting to Hepatic Stellate Cells: A New Strategy to Treat Liver Fibrosis 459-474
Leonie Beljaars, Dirk K.F. Meijer and Klaas Poelstra
Introduction 459
Liver fibrosis and hepatic stellate cells 460
Antifibrotic drugs and hepatic stellate cells 460
Drug targeting: probler and possibilities 461
Drug targeting to hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, and endothelial cells in relation to liver fibrosis 464
Hepatic stellate cell—selective therapy: emerging prospects 465
Important considerations for drugs to be targeted 466
Drugs targeted to hepatic stellate cells 470
Perspectives 471
26. Developing Therapeutic Strategies for Hepatic Fibrosis 475-488
Ichiro Shimizu
Introduction 475
Oxidative stress in liver injury 476
Immunity in liver injury 476
Oxidative stress and HSC activation 476
Antioxidant protective mechanisms 477
Hepatic steatosis 478
HSC activation and ECM 478
Growth factors 478
HSC contractility 479
Termination of HSC activation 479
Antifibrotic therapy 479
Conclusions 484
27. Liver Disease, Oxidative Stress and Ursodeoxycholic Acid 489-510
Predrag Ljubuncic and Arieh Bomzon
Introduction 489
Mitochondria: the machines of cell survival 491
Apoptosis or programmed cell death 491
Apoptosis and oxidative stress 493
Liver disease and bile acids 496
Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) 498
Conclusion 502
28. Plasma TGF-fJ as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker 511-518
M. Antoine, M. Mavituna, R. Weiskirchen, A.M. Gressner and P. Kiefer
Introduction 511
Methods to measure TGF-fi concentrations in plasma 512
Changes in plasma levels of TGF and human disease 514
Concluding remarks 516
29. Hepatocytes as the Gold Standard for Predicting in vivo Hepatotoxicity of Xenobiotics Using Accelerated
Cytotoxicity Mechanism Screening Techniques 519-530
Peter]. O'Brien, Arno Shaki, Shahrzad Tafazoli and Katie Chan
Introduction 519
Application of in vitro hepatocyte cytotoxicity research to determine molecular mechanisms
of in vivo xenobiotic-induced liver toxicity 520
Literature review of hepatotoxic mechanisms of halobenzene derivatives 520
Comparison of hepatotoxicity and toxicity mechanisms of halobenzene derivatives in vivo 522
"Accelerated Cytotoxic Mechanism Screening" with hepatocytes 523
Comparison of hepatocyte cytotoxicity and molecular cytotoxic mechanisms of xenobiotics in vitro using an
ACMS/QSAR approach 523
Idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity promotion by inflammation, H^O, and peroxidases 527
Conclusions 527
Index 531-540 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV023023158 |
| callnumber-first | R - Medicine |
| callnumber-label | RC846 |
| callnumber-raw | RC846.9 |
| callnumber-search | RC846.9 |
| callnumber-sort | RC 3846.9 |
| callnumber-subject | RC - Internal Medicine |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)61351602 (DE-599)BVBBV023023158 |
| dewey-full | 616.3/62 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 616 - Diseases |
| dewey-raw | 616.3/62 |
| dewey-search | 616.3/62 |
| dewey-sort | 3616.3 262 |
| dewey-tens | 610 - Medicine and health |
| discipline | Medizin |
| discipline_str_mv | Medizin |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01226nam a2200325 cc4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV023023158</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20080125 </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">071127s2006 ad|| |||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1578084016</subfield><subfield code="9">1-57808-401-6</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)61351602</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV023023158</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-355</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">RC846.9</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">616.3/62</subfield><subfield code="2">22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Liver diseases</subfield><subfield code="b">biochemical mechanisms and new therapeutic insights</subfield><subfield code="n">2</subfield><subfield code="p">Pathophysiology, diagnostic and therapeutic insights</subfield><subfield code="c">ed.: Shakir Ali ...</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Enfield, NH [u.a.]</subfield><subfield code="b">Science Publ.</subfield><subfield code="c">2006</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">XIX S., S. 246 - 540</subfield><subfield code="b">Ill., graph. Darst.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Liver Diseases</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Liver</subfield><subfield code="x">Pathophysiology</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Ali, Shakir</subfield><subfield code="e">Sonstige</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="w">(DE-604)BV023023150</subfield><subfield code="g">2</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">HBZ Datenaustausch</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016227178&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016227178</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| id | DE-604.BV023023158 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T19:13:56Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:09:12Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 1578084016 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016227178 |
| oclc_num | 61351602 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| owner_facet | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| physical | XIX S., S. 246 - 540 Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| publishDateSearch | 2006 |
| publishDateSort | 2006 |
| publisher | Science Publ. |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Liver diseases biochemical mechanisms and new therapeutic insights 2 Pathophysiology, diagnostic and therapeutic insights ed.: Shakir Ali ... Enfield, NH [u.a.] Science Publ. 2006 XIX S., S. 246 - 540 Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Liver Diseases Liver Pathophysiology Ali, Shakir Sonstige oth (DE-604)BV023023150 2 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016227178&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Liver diseases biochemical mechanisms and new therapeutic insights Liver Diseases Liver Pathophysiology |
| title | Liver diseases biochemical mechanisms and new therapeutic insights |
| title_auth | Liver diseases biochemical mechanisms and new therapeutic insights |
| title_exact_search | Liver diseases biochemical mechanisms and new therapeutic insights |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Liver diseases biochemical mechanisms and new therapeutic insights |
| title_full | Liver diseases biochemical mechanisms and new therapeutic insights 2 Pathophysiology, diagnostic and therapeutic insights ed.: Shakir Ali ... |
| title_fullStr | Liver diseases biochemical mechanisms and new therapeutic insights 2 Pathophysiology, diagnostic and therapeutic insights ed.: Shakir Ali ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Liver diseases biochemical mechanisms and new therapeutic insights 2 Pathophysiology, diagnostic and therapeutic insights ed.: Shakir Ali ... |
| title_short | Liver diseases |
| title_sort | liver diseases biochemical mechanisms and new therapeutic insights pathophysiology diagnostic and therapeutic insights |
| title_sub | biochemical mechanisms and new therapeutic insights |
| topic | Liver Diseases Liver Pathophysiology |
| topic_facet | Liver Diseases Liver Pathophysiology |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016227178&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV023023150 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT alishakir liverdiseasesbiochemicalmechanismsandnewtherapeuticinsights2 |