Monetosečeneto na Trakija I - III v. - Serdika:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Bulgarian |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Blagoevgrad
Univ. Izdat. "Neofit Rilski"
2007
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | PST: Serdica. - In kyrill. Schr., bulg. - Zsfassung in eng. Sprache |
| Beschreibung: | VIII, 182 S. zahlr. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 9789546804716 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Christova, Nina |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Monetosečeneto na Trakija I - III v. - Serdika |c Nina Christova ; Gospodin Žekov |
| 246 | 1 | 3 | |a Serdika |
| 264 | 1 | |a Blagoevgrad |b Univ. Izdat. "Neofit Rilski" |c 2007 | |
| 300 | |a VIII, 182 S. |b zahlr. Ill. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
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| 700 | 1 | |a Žekov, Gospodin M. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
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| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016076618&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Abstract |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804137130574741504 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | СЪДЪРЖАНИЕ
МОНЕТОСЕЧЕНЕТО НА СЕРДИКА
7
КАТАЛОГ НА АВТОНОМНИТЕ МОНЕТИ НА СЕРДИКА
17
Псевдоавтономно монетосечене
17
Марк Аврелий
18
Марк Аврелий и Луций Вер
23
Луций Вер
23
Фаустина Млада
28
Септимий Север
30
Юлия Домна
42
Каракала
52
Гета
128
Галиен
143
Сапонина
152
БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ
153
INDEXES
154
РЕВЕРСИИ
ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЯ
156
ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ
181
THE COINAGE OF SERDICA
Bulgarian capital Sofia has a history of
eight thousand years. A settlement in today s
eastern parts of Sofia,
Slatina
residence quarter,
dates back to Early Neolith, eneolithic is
another settlement, right in the city centre.
Based on archeological research we could
presume the existence of a city inhabited by the
Thracian Serd tribe (Serdonpolis).1 Latin
inscriptions from the Roman age found outside
Bulgarian borders name the city as Iulia Serdica
and Flavia Serdica. After his victories over the
Dacians, emperor Trajan
(98 — 117)
gives city
status to a number of provincial towns in
Moesia Inferior and Thrace including Serdica,
which along with Pautalia, Anchialo, Nicopolis
ad Mestum, Marcianopolis and others gets a
name Ulpia, after Trajan s father.2 The new
Roman cities were consigned to mint coins.
Their coinage bears some specific
characteristics compared to the older Greek
colonies along the Black Sea coast and the other
Roman provinces. They show the name of the
provincial governor who authorized the
emission, however this practice was gradually
abandoned at the beginning of
III c
AC.3
During Aurelian
(270 - 275)
Serdica
becomes centre of the Inner
Dacia province.4
The city fascinates emperor
Constantine
the
Great
(306 - 337)
provoking him to say the
famous words Serdica is my Rome (according
1
Иванов, Т.
Сердика в светлината
на епиграфските
паметници. -
Годишник
на
Националния
археологически музей, том
IX,
С.
1993,
225-231
2 Ibid., 225
3 See:
Геров,
Б.
Проучвания върху западнотракийските земи през римско
време, част
III, C
1969,121 -123
4
Сердика. Археологически материали и проучвания, том
2,
С.1989,
12
to Anonimus Dionis
continuator ).5
It bears
this name till IX century when it was taken by
khan Krum and renamed with the Slavic name
Sredets. The Autonomous coinage of Serdica
starts later compared to the rest Thracian cities,
during Marcus Aurelius
(161 - 180),
and
continues with some interruptions till emperor
Galien
(253 -
268)6 when the manners of
Roman Imperial coinage are adopted. The
opening of a state mint in Serdica is considered
to be connected with the capturing of Antiochia
by the Parths and the closing of if
s
mint.7
Serdician mint keeps on producing Imperial
coinage till
Constantine
the Great8 and issues
editions with the images of thirteen other
Roman emperors and empresses.9 Unlike the
cities along the Black Sea coast, as
N.
Mushmov writes, the inner cities in Moesia and
Thrace lack minting traditions, so they create
such. An image of a river deity is a typical
feature which can be found on coins of almost
all emperors. According to Mushmov, for
Serdica this is the river
Iskar
deity, called by the
Romans Oescus. The image presents a half-
naked bearded man holding a branch (or a grape
symbolizing the vine-growing in the region, a
reed stalk, poppy or corn ears) in his right hand,
5
See:
Storia del Mondo Antico,
v.
IX,
Garzanti
1982, 612 - 635
6
The coinage of Serdica has been treated in details in:
Мушмов,
H.
Античните монети на Балканския полуостров и монетите на
българските царе, С.
1912;
Мушмов, Н. Монетите и монетарниците на
Сердика,
С
1926
7
See:
Геров,
Б.
Проучвания върху западнотракийските земи през римско
време, част
III, C
1969,129 - 131
8 Ibid., 129-131
9
The Imperial coins of Serdica abound with laudatory inscriptions such as
INVICTVS, BONVS, PERPETVVS,
IMPERATOR PROBVS
and greetings
like DEVS
ET DOMINVS.
Serdica mint stands out amongst the other cities
with a special religious predilection and deification of the emperor s
personality. After its closing the workers were transferred to Siscia. For
details on Imperial coinage we do not consider here see:
Storia del Mondo
Antico,
v
IX,
Garzanti
1982, 622
II
his left hand propped to a rock (symbolizing
Vitosha or
Rila
mountains) or an urn (earthen
jar). One could also easily presume the image
symbolizing the mineral spring water of utmost
importance in Serdician everyday life. The vine
and grape represent the policy of improving
agriculture and expanding vine-growing
followed in the Roman empire and deliberately
imposed in the provinces.11 Images of Asclepius
and Hygia are often met on coins from Serdica
and Pautalia, a fact relating to the mineral
springs in these two cities. Serdica emits coins
with the image of Apollo
Medicus
showing
even his temple. Serdica alone from all the rest
provincial Roman cities on Bulgarian territory
strikes a sequence of coins depicting
Isis
on the
reverse. A typical feature of the Serdician coins
is the image of Eros interpreted differently
-
Eros and Psyche, Eros riding a dolfm or a lion,
two Erases jumping over each other. Serdician
coinage followes the common principles of all
Thracian cities with inscriptions in Greek and
denominations from half assarion to five
assarionses. No specimens of Serdician coins
larger than six assarionses (medallions) have
been found yet. The smallest denomination we
find in pseudo-autonomous coinage, without an
image of a ruler. Coins of a same denomination
differ a lot in weight as in all provincial Roman
coinage.
This catalogue of Serdician Autonomous
coinage is a part of a sequence of catalogues
10
Мушмов,
H.
Монетите и монетарниците
на
Сердика,
С.
1926,5-6
11
See:
Storia del Mondo Antico, v.
IX,
Garzanti
1982,612 - 622
12
See:
Божкова, Б. Паметници от Сердика изобразени върху
серди-
кийските монети. -Нумизматика,
1982, № 3, 19-24;
Стефанова, А.
Медалион
от Филипопол с
изображение на здравоносни божества.
-
Нумизматика,
1982,13-18
III
presenting
the coinage of the thirteen Roman
cities on Bulgarian territory as an attempt to
create a general classification of Roman
provincial coinage.13 The catalogues are open,
allowing attribution of the coins according to
types and addition of newly found specimens or
types. The list of coins follows a common
numeration including information on the mint-
city, the obverse and the reverse.
The catalogue number of every coin type
consists of four numerical elements. The first
element shows the mint-city (from
1
to
13):
1.
Avgusta Traj ana
2.
Anhialo
3.
Apollónia
Pontica
4.
Deultum
5.
Dionisopolis
6.
Marcianopolis
7.
Messambria
8.
Nicopolis ad Istrum
9.
Nicopolis ad Mestum
10.
Odessos
11.
Pautalia
12.
Serdica
13.
Philippopolis
The second element points to the emperors
or members of the imperial family depicted on
the obverse. (The list includes only those, whose
portraits occur on coins from the thirteen mint-
cities mentioned above.)
0.
Pseudo-autonomous city coinage
1.
Octavianus (Augustus)
2.
Domitian
3.
Trajan
13
See:
Жеков,
Г.
Монетосеченето на градовете
в
Долна Мизия
I
-
ПІ в.
Дионисопол, Бл.
2003;
Христова, Н., Г.
Жеков Монетосеченето
на
Долна Мизия
I
-
III
в. Марцианополис, Бл.
2006
IV
4.
Hadrian
5.
Aelius Caesar
6.
Antoninus Pius
7.
Marcus Aurelius
8.
Lucius Verus
9.
Lucilia
/
Faustina Minor
10.
Commodus
11.
Crispina
12.
Clodius Albinus
13.
Clodius Albinus and Sept. Severus
14.
Septimius Severus
15.
Septimius Severus and Julia
Domna
16.
Septimius Severus and Caracalla
17.
Julia
Domna
18.
Caracalla
19.
Caracalla and Julia
Domna
20.
Caracalla and
Geta
21.
Plautilla
22.
Geta
23.
Macrinus
24.
Macrinus and Diadumenian
25.
Diadumenian
26.
Elagabalus
27.
Elagabalus and Julia Soaemias
28.
Elagabalus and Julia
Maesa
29.
Aquilia
Severa
ЗО.
Julia Soaemias
31.
Julia
Maesa
32.
Alexander Severus
33.
Alexander Severus and
Jul. Mamaea
34.
Alexander Severus and Julia
Maesa
35.
Julia Mamaea
36.
Gordian
III
37.
Gordian
III and Serapis
38.
Gordian
III and
Tranquillina
39.
Tranquillina
40.
Philip I
41.
Philip I and Otacilia
Severa
42.
Otacilia
Severa
43.
Philip II
44.
Philip II and Serapis
45.
Valerian
46.
Gallienus
47.
Salonina
The
third element of the catalogue number
classifies
the images that appear on reverses.
(Only images occurring on coins from the
thirteen mint-cities are listed.)
1.
Zeus (Jupiter)
2.
The Great God (Darzalas)
3.
Hera (Juno)
4.
Athena (Minerva)
5.
Demeter
(Ceres)
6.
Hades-Serapis (Pluto)
7.
Apollo (Pheb)
8.
Dionysos
(Bacchus)
9.
Nike (Victoria)
10.
Hermes (Mercury)
11.
Ares (Mars)
12.
Poseidon (Neptune)
13.
Artemis (Diana)
14.
Herakles
(Hercules)
15.
Aphrodite (Venus)
16.
Eros (Amour) and Psychea
17.
Priapus
18.
Pan
19.
Satyr, silen
20.
Asklepios (Aesculapius)
21.
Hygieia
(Salus)
and Thelesphorus
22.
Glycon
23.
Triptolemos
24.
The Dioscuri (Castor and Pollux)
25.
Perseus and Andromeda
26.
The Three Charities (Graces)
vi
27.
Helios
(Sol)
28.
Selene (Luna)
29.
Eumolpius
30. Isis
and Harpocrates
31.
Cybele
32.
Thalassa
and local river divinity
З
3.
Romulus and Remus
34.
Emperor
3 5.
Nemesis
/
Aequitas
36.
Concordia
37.
Fecunditas
38.
Fortuna
39.
Liberalitas
40.
Bona Dea
(The Good Goddess)
41.
Genius
42.
Homonoia
43.
The Haimos and Rhodope mountains
44.
Orpheus and Euridice
45.
City-Goddess (Tyche)
46.
Architecture (temple, gate, arch,
panorama, fountain)
47.
Sacrificial attributes (altar, tripod,
torch), military attributes
48.
Crescent moon, stars
49.
Ships
50.
Attributes of sport
51.
Athletes
52.
Vessels, baskets
53.
Animals, birds
54.
Laurel-wreath and inscription.
The fourth element is the number of every
next variety of the reverse type. The coins have
been listed in descending order, according to
denomination. The information on every coin is
given in a table of three columns. The middle
column presents the emperor and the local
administrator who issued the coin and also
VII
reproduces both the obverse and the reverse.
The inscription and the image on the obverse
are in the left column. The inscription and the
image on the reverse are in the right column.
Photos of specimens (available to us) are made
in
1:1
scale. Type varieties differing both in
obverse and reverse are listed separately, being
reproduced in the middle column. Different
specimens, belonging to same emission, are
listed as a single entry but their obverses and
reverses are reproduced separately in the left
and right columns. The authors basic source of
reference has been Nikola Mushmov^s
Монетите и монетарниците на Сердика
(Sofìa,
1926).
The description of every type
refers to analogies, denomination, size, weight
and degree of rarity (R). Degree of rarity (R)
has been estimated according to the number of
known specimens belonging to a certain type. In
few cases originality and craftsmanship are also
considered. A basic criterion in estimating the
Mediocre, Fine or Very Fine quality of a coin
was its patina and how well the original was
preserved. Specimens of extremely poor quality
were not listed in the catalogue.
VALUE TABLE
Degrees of
rarity
Number of
specimens
Mediocre
quality
Fine
quality
Very Fine
quality
Rl.
over
500
5€
7€
10€
R2.
over
200
10€
15€
20 €
R3.
over
100
10Є
20 €
50 €
R4.
over
70
10€
30 €
70 €
R5.
over
50
10€
40 €
80 €
R6.
20-50
30 €
50 €
100 €
R7.
10-20
40 €
100 €
150 €
R8.
5- 10
50 €
150 €
350 €
R9.
3-5
100 €
200 €
500 €
RIO.
Unique
-
-
-
VIII
|
| adam_txt |
СЪДЪРЖАНИЕ
МОНЕТОСЕЧЕНЕТО НА СЕРДИКА
7
КАТАЛОГ НА АВТОНОМНИТЕ МОНЕТИ НА СЕРДИКА
17
Псевдоавтономно монетосечене
17
Марк Аврелий
18
Марк Аврелий и Луций Вер
23
Луций Вер
23
Фаустина Млада
28
Септимий Север
30
Юлия Домна
42
Каракала
52
Гета
128
Галиен
143
Сапонина
152
БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ
153
INDEXES
154
РЕВЕРСИИ
ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЯ
156
ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ
181
THE COINAGE OF SERDICA
Bulgarian capital Sofia has a history of
eight thousand years. A settlement in today's
eastern parts of Sofia,
Slatina
residence quarter,
dates back to Early Neolith, eneolithic is
another settlement, right in the city centre.
Based on archeological research we could
presume the existence of a city inhabited by the
Thracian Serd tribe (Serdonpolis).1 Latin
inscriptions from the Roman age found outside
Bulgarian borders name the city as Iulia Serdica
and Flavia Serdica. After his victories over the
Dacians, emperor Trajan
(98 — 117)
gives city
status to a number of provincial towns in
Moesia Inferior and Thrace including Serdica,
which along with Pautalia, Anchialo, Nicopolis
ad Mestum, Marcianopolis and others gets a
name Ulpia, after Trajan's father.2 The new
Roman cities were consigned to mint coins.
Their coinage bears some specific
characteristics compared to the older Greek
colonies along the Black Sea coast and the other
Roman provinces. They show the name of the
provincial governor who authorized the
emission, however this practice was gradually
abandoned at the beginning of
III c
AC.3
During Aurelian
(270 - 275)
Serdica
becomes centre of the Inner
Dacia province.4
The city fascinates emperor
Constantine
the
Great
(306 - 337)
provoking him to say the
famous words "Serdica is my Rome" (according
1
Иванов, Т.
Сердика в светлината
на епиграфските
паметници. -
Годишник
на
Националния
археологически музей, том
IX,
С.
1993,
225-231
2 Ibid., 225
3 See:
Геров,
Б.
Проучвания върху западнотракийските земи през римско
време, част
III, C
1969,121 -123
4
Сердика. Археологически материали и проучвания, том
2,
С.1989,
12
to "Anonimus Dionis
continuator").5
It bears
this name till IX century when it was taken by
khan Krum and renamed with the Slavic name
Sredets. The Autonomous coinage of Serdica
starts later compared to the rest Thracian cities,
during Marcus Aurelius
(161 - 180),
and
continues with some interruptions till emperor
Galien
(253 -
268)6 when the manners of
Roman Imperial coinage are adopted. The
opening of a state mint in Serdica is considered
to be connected with the capturing of Antiochia
by the Parths and the closing of if
s
mint.7
Serdician mint keeps on producing Imperial
coinage till
Constantine
the Great8 and issues
editions with the images of thirteen other
Roman emperors and empresses.9 Unlike the
cities along the Black Sea coast, as
N.
Mushmov writes, the inner cities in Moesia and
Thrace lack minting traditions, so they create
such. An image of a river deity is a typical
feature which can be found on coins of almost
all emperors. According to Mushmov, for
Serdica this is the river
Iskar
deity, called by the
Romans Oescus. The image presents a half-
naked bearded man holding a branch (or a grape
symbolizing the vine-growing in the region, a
reed stalk, poppy or corn ears) in his right hand,
5
See:
Storia del Mondo Antico,
v.
IX,
Garzanti
1982, 612 - 635
6
The coinage of Serdica has been treated in details in:
Мушмов,
H.
Античните монети на Балканския полуостров и монетите на
българските царе, С.
1912;
Мушмов, Н. Монетите и монетарниците на
Сердика,
С
1926
7
See:
Геров,
Б.
Проучвания върху западнотракийските земи през римско
време, част
III, C
1969,129 - 131
8 Ibid., 129-131
9
The Imperial coins of Serdica abound with laudatory inscriptions such as
INVICTVS, BONVS, PERPETVVS,
IMPERATOR PROBVS
and greetings
like DEVS
ET DOMINVS.
Serdica mint stands out amongst the other cities
with a special religious predilection and deification of the emperor's
personality. After its closing the workers were transferred to Siscia. For
details on Imperial coinage we do not consider here see:
Storia del Mondo
Antico,
v
IX,
Garzanti
1982, 622
II
his left hand propped to a rock (symbolizing
Vitosha or
Rila
mountains) or an urn (earthen
jar). One could also easily presume the image
symbolizing the mineral spring water of utmost
importance in Serdician everyday life. The vine
and grape represent the policy of improving
agriculture and expanding vine-growing
followed in the Roman empire and deliberately
imposed in the provinces.11 Images of Asclepius
and Hygia are often met on coins from Serdica
and Pautalia, a fact relating to the mineral
springs in these two cities. Serdica emits coins
with the image of Apollo
Medicus
showing
even his temple. Serdica alone from all the rest
provincial Roman cities on Bulgarian territory
strikes a sequence of coins depicting
Isis
on the
reverse. A typical feature of the Serdician coins
is the image of Eros interpreted differently
-
Eros and Psyche, Eros riding a dolfm or a lion,
two Erases jumping over each other. Serdician
coinage followes the common principles of all
Thracian cities with inscriptions in Greek and
denominations from half assarion to five
assarionses. No specimens of Serdician coins
larger than six assarionses (medallions) have
been found yet. The smallest denomination we
find in pseudo-autonomous coinage, without an
image of a ruler. Coins of a same denomination
differ a lot in weight as in all provincial Roman
coinage.
This catalogue of Serdician Autonomous
coinage is a part of a sequence of catalogues
10
Мушмов,
H.
Монетите и монетарниците
на
Сердика,
С.
1926,5-6
11
See:
Storia del Mondo Antico, v.
IX,
Garzanti
1982,612 - 622
12
See:
Божкова, Б. Паметници от Сердика изобразени върху
серди-
кийските монети. -Нумизматика,
1982, № 3, 19-24;
Стефанова, А.
Медалион
от Филипопол с
изображение на здравоносни божества.
-
Нумизматика,
1982,13-18
III
presenting
the coinage of the thirteen Roman
cities on Bulgarian territory as an attempt to
create a general classification of Roman
provincial coinage.13 The catalogues are open,
allowing attribution of the coins according to
types and addition of newly found specimens or
types. The list of coins follows a common
numeration including information on the mint-
city, the obverse and the reverse.
The catalogue number of every coin type
consists of four numerical elements. The first
element shows the mint-city (from
1
to
13):
1.
Avgusta Traj ana
2.
Anhialo
3.
Apollónia
Pontica
4.
Deultum
5.
Dionisopolis
6.
Marcianopolis
7.
Messambria
8.
Nicopolis ad Istrum
9.
Nicopolis ad Mestum
10.
Odessos
11.
Pautalia
12.
Serdica
13.
Philippopolis
The second element points to the emperors
or members of the imperial family depicted on
the obverse. (The list includes only those, whose
portraits occur on coins from the thirteen mint-
cities mentioned above.)
0.
Pseudo-autonomous city coinage
1.
Octavianus (Augustus)
2.
Domitian
3.
Trajan
13
See:
Жеков,
Г.
Монетосеченето на градовете
в
Долна Мизия
I
-
ПІ в.
Дионисопол, Бл.
2003;
Христова, Н., Г.
Жеков Монетосеченето
на
Долна Мизия
I
-
III
в. Марцианополис, Бл.
2006
IV
4.
Hadrian
5.
Aelius Caesar
6.
Antoninus Pius
7.
Marcus Aurelius
8.
Lucius Verus
9.
Lucilia
/
Faustina Minor
10.
Commodus
11.
Crispina
12.
Clodius Albinus
13.
Clodius Albinus and Sept. Severus
14.
Septimius Severus
15.
Septimius Severus and Julia
Domna
16.
Septimius Severus and Caracalla
17.
Julia
Domna
18.
Caracalla
19.
Caracalla and Julia
Domna
20.
Caracalla and
Geta
21.
Plautilla
22.
Geta
23.
Macrinus
24.
Macrinus and Diadumenian
25.
Diadumenian
26.
Elagabalus
27.
Elagabalus and Julia Soaemias
28.
Elagabalus and Julia
Maesa
29.
Aquilia
Severa
ЗО.
Julia Soaemias
31.
Julia
Maesa
32.
Alexander Severus
33.
Alexander Severus and
Jul. Mamaea
34.
Alexander Severus and Julia
Maesa
35.
Julia Mamaea
36.
Gordian
III
37.
Gordian
III and Serapis
38.
Gordian
III and
Tranquillina
39.
Tranquillina
40.
Philip I
41.
Philip I and Otacilia
Severa
42.
Otacilia
Severa
43.
Philip II
44.
Philip II and Serapis
45.
Valerian
46.
Gallienus
47.
Salonina
The
third element of the catalogue number
classifies
the images that appear on reverses.
(Only images occurring on coins from the
thirteen mint-cities are listed.)
1.
Zeus (Jupiter)
2.
The Great God (Darzalas)
3.
Hera (Juno)
4.
Athena (Minerva)
5.
Demeter
(Ceres)
6.
Hades-Serapis (Pluto)
7.
Apollo (Pheb)
8.
Dionysos
(Bacchus)
9.
Nike (Victoria)
10.
Hermes (Mercury)
11.
Ares (Mars)
12.
Poseidon (Neptune)
13.
Artemis (Diana)
14.
Herakles
(Hercules)
15.
Aphrodite (Venus)
16.
Eros (Amour) and Psychea
17.
Priapus
18.
Pan
19.
Satyr, silen
20.
Asklepios (Aesculapius)
21.
Hygieia
(Salus)
and Thelesphorus
22.
Glycon
23.
Triptolemos
24.
The Dioscuri (Castor and Pollux)
25.
Perseus and Andromeda
26.
The Three Charities (Graces)
vi
27.
Helios
(Sol)
28.
Selene (Luna)
29.
Eumolpius
30. Isis
and Harpocrates
31.
Cybele
32.
Thalassa
and local river divinity
З
3.
Romulus and Remus
34.
Emperor
3 5.
Nemesis
/
Aequitas
36.
Concordia
37.
Fecunditas
38.
Fortuna
39.
Liberalitas
40.
Bona Dea
(The Good Goddess)
41.
Genius
42.
Homonoia
43.
The Haimos and Rhodope mountains
44.
Orpheus and Euridice
45.
City-Goddess (Tyche)
46.
Architecture (temple, gate, arch,
panorama, fountain)
47.
Sacrificial attributes (altar, tripod,
torch), military attributes
48.
Crescent moon, stars
49.
Ships
50.
Attributes of sport
51.
Athletes
52.
Vessels, baskets
53.
Animals, birds
54.
Laurel-wreath and inscription.
The fourth element is the number of every
next variety of the reverse type. The coins have
been listed in descending order, according to
denomination. The information on every coin is
given in a table of three columns. The middle
column presents the emperor and the local
administrator who issued the coin and also
VII
reproduces both the obverse and the reverse.
The inscription and the image on the obverse
are in the left column. The inscription and the
image on the reverse are in the right column.
Photos of specimens (available to us) are made
in
1:1
scale. Type varieties differing both in
obverse and reverse are listed separately, being
reproduced in the middle column. Different
specimens, belonging to same emission, are
listed as a single entry but their obverses and
reverses are reproduced separately in the left
and right columns. The authors" basic source of
reference has been Nikola Mushmov^s
"Монетите и монетарниците на Сердика"
(Sofìa,
1926).
The description of every type
refers to analogies, denomination, size, weight
and degree of rarity (R). Degree of rarity (R)
has been estimated according to the number of
known specimens belonging to a certain type. In
few cases originality and craftsmanship are also
considered. A basic criterion in estimating the
Mediocre, Fine or Very Fine quality of a coin
was its patina and how well the original was
preserved. Specimens of extremely poor quality
were not listed in the catalogue.
VALUE TABLE
Degrees of
rarity
Number of
specimens
Mediocre
quality
Fine
quality
Very Fine
quality
Rl.
over
500
5€
7€
10€
R2.
over
200
10€
15€
20 €
R3.
over
100
10Є
20 €
50 €
R4.
over
70
10€
30 €
70 €
R5.
over
50
10€
40 €
80 €
R6.
20-50
30 €
50 €
100 €
R7.
10-20
40 €
100 €
150 €
R8.
5- 10
50 €
150 €
350 €
R9.
3-5
100 €
200 €
500 €
RIO.
Unique
-
-
-
VIII |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
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| author | Christova, Nina Žekov, Gospodin M. |
| author_facet | Christova, Nina Žekov, Gospodin M. |
| author_role | aut aut |
| author_sort | Christova, Nina |
| author_variant | n c nc g m ž gm gmž |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV022871527 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)219207844 (DE-599)BVBBV022871527 |
| era | Geschichte 1-300 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1-300 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Sofia Region (DE-588)4422048-0 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Sofia Region |
| id | DE-604.BV022871527 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T18:47:25Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:07:24Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789546804716 |
| language | Bulgarian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016076618 |
| oclc_num | 219207844 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-M491 DE-M21 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-M491 DE-M21 |
| physical | VIII, 182 S. zahlr. Ill. |
| psigel | gbd_AEK |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publishDateSearch | 2007 |
| publishDateSort | 2007 |
| publisher | Univ. Izdat. "Neofit Rilski" |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Christova, Nina Verfasser aut Monetosečeneto na Trakija I - III v. - Serdika Nina Christova ; Gospodin Žekov Serdika Blagoevgrad Univ. Izdat. "Neofit Rilski" 2007 VIII, 182 S. zahlr. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier PST: Serdica. - In kyrill. Schr., bulg. - Zsfassung in eng. Sprache Geschichte 1-300 gnd rswk-swf Münze (DE-588)4040629-5 gnd rswk-swf Sofia Region (DE-588)4422048-0 gnd rswk-swf Sofia Region (DE-588)4422048-0 g Münze (DE-588)4040629-5 s Geschichte 1-300 z DE-604 Žekov, Gospodin M. Verfasser aut Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016076618&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016076618&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Christova, Nina Žekov, Gospodin M. Monetosečeneto na Trakija I - III v. - Serdika Münze (DE-588)4040629-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4040629-5 (DE-588)4422048-0 |
| title | Monetosečeneto na Trakija I - III v. - Serdika |
| title_alt | Serdika |
| title_auth | Monetosečeneto na Trakija I - III v. - Serdika |
| title_exact_search | Monetosečeneto na Trakija I - III v. - Serdika |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Monetosečeneto na Trakija I - III v. - Serdika |
| title_full | Monetosečeneto na Trakija I - III v. - Serdika Nina Christova ; Gospodin Žekov |
| title_fullStr | Monetosečeneto na Trakija I - III v. - Serdika Nina Christova ; Gospodin Žekov |
| title_full_unstemmed | Monetosečeneto na Trakija I - III v. - Serdika Nina Christova ; Gospodin Žekov |
| title_short | Monetosečeneto na Trakija I - III v. - Serdika |
| title_sort | monetoseceneto na trakija i iii v serdika |
| topic | Münze (DE-588)4040629-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Münze Sofia Region |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016076618&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016076618&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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