A first course in atmospheric radiation:
This textbook covers the essentials of atmospheric radiation at a level appropriate to advanced undergraduates and first-year graduate students. It was written specifically to be readable and technically accessible to students having no prior background in the subject area and who may or may not int...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Madison, Wisconsin
Sundog Publishing
2006
|
| Ausgabe: | 2.edition |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Klappentext A first course in atmospheric radiation Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | This textbook covers the essentials of atmospheric radiation at a level appropriate to advanced undergraduates and first-year graduate students. It was written specifically to be readable and technically accessible to students having no prior background in the subject area and who may or may not intend to continue with more advanced study of radiation or remote sensing. The author emphasizes physical insight, first and foremost, but backed by the essential mathematical relationships. The second edition adds new exercises, improved figures, a table of symbols, and discussions of new topics, such as the Poynting vector and the energy balance within the atmosphere. The book web page includes additional resources for courses taught using this book, including downloadable/printable PDF figures as well as solutions to most problems (for instructors of recognized courses only). |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references (S. 445 - 446) and index |
| Beschreibung: | XII, 458 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 0972903313 9780972903318 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a A first course in atmospheric radiation |c Grant W. Petty |
| 250 | |a 2.edition | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Madison, Wisconsin |b Sundog Publishing |c 2006 | |
| 300 | |a XII, 458 Seiten |b Illustrationen, Diagramme | ||
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| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references (S. 445 - 446) and index | ||
| 505 | 8 | |a Properties of radiation, The electromagnetic spectrum, Reflection and refraction, Radiative properties of natural surfaces, Thermal emission, Atmospheric transmission, Atmospheric emission, Absorption by atmospheric gases, Broadband fluxes and heating rates, Radiative transfer with scattering, Scattering and absorption by particles, Radiative transfer with multiple scattering | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text |
IMAGE 1
CONTENTS
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION III
PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION V
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 RELEVANCE FOR CLIMATE AND WEATHER 1
1.1.1 SOLAR RADIATION 2
1.1.2 THERMAL INFRARED RADIATION 3
1.1.3 THE GLOBAL HEAT ENGINE 4
1.1.4 COMPONENTS OF THE EARTH'S ENERGY BUDGET . . 6 1.2 RELEVANCE FOR
REMOTE SENSING 7
2 PROPERTIES OF RADIATION 11
2.1 THE NATURE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION 11
2.2 FREQUENCY 16
2.2.1 FREQUENCY DECOMPOSIRION 18
2.2.2 BROADBAND VS MONOCHROMATIC RADIATION . . 19 2.3 POLARIZATION 20
2.4 ENERGY 22
2.5 A MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTION OF EM WAVES + 24
2.6 QUANTUM PROPERTIES OF RADIATION 31
2.7 FLUX AND INTENSITY 33
2.7.1 FLUX 33
VN
IMAGE 2
VIII C O N T E N TS
2.7.2 INTENSITY 35
2.7.3 RELATIONSHIP B E T W E EN FLUX A ND INTENSITY . . 46
2.8 APPLICATIONS 49
2.8.1 GLOBAL INSOLATION 49
2.8.2 REGIONAL AND SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION OF INSOLATION 50
THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM 55
3.1 FREQUENCY WAVELENGTH AND WAVENUMBER 56
3.2 MAJOR SPECTRAL BANDS 57
3.2.1 GAMMA RAYS AND X-RAYS 61
3.2.2 ULTRAVIOLET BAND 61
3.2.3 VISIBLE BAND 63
3.2.4 INFRAREDBAND 64
3.2.5 MICROWAVE AND RADIO BANDS 66
3.3 SOLAR AND TERRESTRIAL RADIATION 68
3.4 APPLICATIONS 69
3.4.1 UV RADIATION AND OZONE 69
REFLECTION AND REFRACTION 74
4.1 A CLOSER LOOK AT N 76
4.1.1 THE REAL PART 76
4.1.2 THE IMAGINARY PART 76
4.1.3 THE DIELECTRIC CONSTANT* 79
4.1.4 OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES 1 " 80 4.2 REFRACTION
AND REFLECTION 82
4.2.1 ANGLE OF REFLECTION 82
4.2.2 ANGLE OF REFRACTION 84
4.2.3 REFLECTIVITY 86
4.3 APPLICATIONS 90
4.3.1 RAINBOWS AND HALOS 90
RADIATIVE PROPERTIES OF NATURAL SURFACES 96
5.1 NATURAL SURFACES IDEALIZED AS PLANAR BOUNDARIES . . 97 5.2
ABSORPTIVITY AND REFLECTIVITY 98
5.2.1 EXAMPLES OF REFLECTIVITY SPECTRA 99
5.2.2 THE GRAYBODY APPROXIMATION 100
5.3 ANGULAR DISTRIBUTION OFREFLECTED RADIATION 102
5.3.1 SPECULAR AND LAMBERTIAN REFLECTION 102
5.3.2 REFLECTION IN THE GENERAL CASE 1 " 105
IMAGE 3
CONTENTS IX
5.4 APPLICATIONS 107
5.4.1 SOLAR HEATING OF SURFACES 107
5.4.2 SATELLITE IMAGING AT VISIBLE AND NEAR-IR WAVELENGTHS 109
THERMAL EMISSION 113
6.1 BLACKBODY RADIATION 115
6.1.1 PLANCK'S FUNCTION 117
6.1.2 WIEN'S DISPLACEMENT LAW 120
6.1.3 STEFAN-BOLTZMANN LAW 122
6.1.4 RAYLEIGH-JEANS APPROXIMATION 123
6.2 EMISSIVITY 123
6.2.1 MONOCHROMATIC EMISSIVITY 124
6.2.2 GRAYBODY EMISSIVITY 124
6.2.3 KIRCHHOFF'S LAW 125
6.2.4 BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE 127
6.3 WHEN DOES THERMAL EMISSION MATTER? 130
6.4 APPLICATIONS 132
6.4.1 RADIATIVE EQUILIBRIUM IN A VACUUM 133
6.4.2 TOP-OF-THE-ATMOSPHERE GLOBAL RADIATION BAL- ANCE 136
6.4.3 SIMPLE RADIATIVE MODELS OF THE ATMOSPHERE . 139 6.4.4 NIGHTTIME
RADIATIVE COOLING 144
6.4.5 RADIATIVE COOLING AT CLOUD TOP 146
6.4.6 IR IMAGING FROM SPACE 148
6.4.7 MICROWAVE IMAGING FROM SPACE 151
ATMOSPHERIC TRANSMISSION 155
7.1 EXTINCTION, SCATTERING AND ABSORPTION COEFFICIENTS . . 159 7.2
EXTINCTION OVER A FINITE PATH 160
7.2.1 FUNDAMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS 160
7.2.2 MASS EXTINCTION COEFFICIENT 163
7.2.3 EXTINCTION CROSS-SECTION 166
7.2.4 GENERALIZATION TO SCATTERING AND ABSORPTION . 167 7.2.5
GENERALIZATION TO ARBITRARY MIXTURES OF COM- PONENTS 168
7.3 PLANE PARALLEL APPROXIMATION 169
7.3.1 DEFINITION 171
7.3.2 OPTICAL DEPTH AS VERTICAL COORDINATE 173
IMAGE 4
CONTENTS
7.4 APPLICATIONS 174
7.4.1 THE TRANSMISSION SPECTRUM OF THE ATMOSPHERE 174 7.4.2 MEASURING
SOLAR INTENSITY FROM THE GROUND . . 185 7.4.3 TRANSMITTANCE IN AN
EXPONENTIAL ATMOSPHERE 187 7.4.4 OPTICAL THICKNESS AND TRANSMITTANCE OF
A
CLOUD LAYER 194
ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION 204
8.1 SCHWARZSCHILD'S EQUATION 205
8.2 RADIATIVE TRANSFER IN A PLANE PARALLEL ATMOSPHERE . . 210 8.2.1 THE
EMISSIVITY OF THE ATMOSPHERE 211
8.2.2 MONOCHROMATIC FLUX + 212
8.2.3 SURFACE CONTRIBUTIONS TO UPWARD INTENSITY . . 215 8.3 APPLICATIONS
217
8.3.1 THE SPECTRUM OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION . . . 219 8.3.2 SATELLITE
RETRIEVAL OF TEMPERATURE PROFILES . . . 228 8.3.3 WATER VAPOR IMAGERY
233
ABSORPTION BY ATMOSPHERIC GASES + 236
9.1 BASIS FOR MOLECULAR ABSORPTION/EMISSION 238
9.2 ABSORPTION/EMISSION LINES 240
9.2.1 ROTATIONAL TRANSITIONS 243
9.2.2 VIBRATIONAL TRANSITIONS 251
9.2.3 ELECTRONIC TRANSITIONS 256
9.2.4 COMBINED ENERGY TRANSITIONS AND ASSOCIATED SPECTRA 258
9.3 UNESHAPES 258
9.3.1 GENERIC DESCRIPTION OF LINES 260
9.3.2 DOPPIER BROADENING 261
9.3.3 PRESSURE BROADENING 263
9.3.4 COMPARING DOPPIER AND PRESSURE BROADENING 266 9.4 CONTINUUM
ABSORPTION 267
9.4.1 PHOTOIONIZATION 268
9.4.2 PHOTODISSOCIATION 268
9.4.3 CONTINUUM ABSORPTION BY WATER VAPOR . . . 269 9.5 APPLICATIONS
270
9.5.1 ATMOSPHERIC ABSORBERS IN THE IR BAND . . . 270
IMAGE 5
CONTENTS XI
10 BROADBAND FLUXES AND HEATING RATES + 280
10.1 LINE-BY-LINE CALCULATIONS 281
10.2 BAND TRANSMISSION MODELS 286
10.2.1 ABSORPTION BY AN ISOLATED LINE 288
10.2.2 DEFINING A BAND MODEL 293
10.2.3 THE ELSASSER BAND MODEL 294
10.2.4 THE RANDOM/MALKMUS BAND MODEL 297
10.2.5 THE HCG APPROXIMATION 298
10.3 THE FC-DISTRIBUTION METHOD 299
10.3.1 HOMOGENEOUS PATH 300
10.3.2 INHOMOGENEOUS PATH: CORRELATED-FC 303
10.4 APPLICATIONS 306
10.4.1 FLUXES AND RADIATIVE HEATING/COOLING . . . 306
11 RTE WITH SCATTERING 320
11.1 WHEN DOES SCATTERING MATTER? 321
11.2 RADIATIVE TRANSFER EQUATION WITH SCATTERING 322 11.2.1 DIFFERENTIAL
FORM 322
11.2.2 POLARIZED SCATTERING 1 324
11.2.3 PLANE PARALLEL ATMOSPHERE 324
11.3 THE SCATTERING PHASE FUNCTION 326
11.3.1 ISOTROPIE SCATTERING 327
11.3.2 THE ASYMMETRY PARAMETER 329
11.3.3 THE HENYEY-GREENSTEIN PHASE FUNCTION . . . 330 11.4 SINGLE VS.
MULTIPLE SCATTERING 332
11.5 APPLICATIONS 336
11.5.1 INTENSITYOF SKYLIGHT 336
11.5.2 HORIZONTAL VISIBILITY 338
12 SCATTERING AND ABSORPTION BY PARTICLES 343
12.1 ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES 344
12.1.1 OVERVIEW 344
12.1.2 RELEVANT PROPERTIES 345
12.2 SCATTERING BY SMALL PARTICLES 347
12.2.1 DIPOLE RADIATION 347
12.2.2 THE RAYLEIGH PHASE FUNCTION 351
12.2.3 POLARIZATION 353
12.2.4 SCATTERING AND ABSORPTION EFFICIENCI.ES 354 12.3 SCATTERING BY
SPHERES - MIE THEORY 358
IMAGE 6
XII CONTENTS
12.3.1 EXTINCTION EFFICIENCY FOR NONABSORBING SPHERE 359 12.3.2
EXTINCTION AND SCATTERING BY ABSORBING SPHERES363 12.3.3 SCATTERING
PHASE FUNCTION 365
12.4 DISTRIBUTIONS OF PARTICLES 372
12.5 APPLICATIONS 373
12.5.1 THE SCATTERING PROPERTIES OF CLOUDS 373
12.5.2 RADAR OBSERVATIONS OF PRECIPITATION 375
12.5.3 MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING AND CLOUDS . . . 381
13 RADIATIVE TRANSFER WITH MULTIPLE SCATTERING 387 13.1 VISUALIZING
MULTIPLE SCATTERING 389
13.2 THE TWO-STREAM METHOD 392
13.2.1 AZIMUTHALLY AVERAGED RTE 392
13.2.2 THE TWO-STREAM APPROXIMATION 393 13.2.3 SOLUTION 398
13.3 SEMI-INFMITE CLOUD 400
13.3.1 ALBEDO 401
13.3.2 FLUX AND HEARING RATE PROFILE 404
13.4 NONABSORBING CLOUD 406
13.5 GENERAL CASE 408
13.5.1 ALBEDO, TRANSMITTANCE, AND ABSORPTANCE . . . 409 13.5.2 DIRECT
AND DIFFUSE TRANSMITTANCE 412 13.5.3 SEMI-INFINITE CLOUD AS
APPROXIMATION 414 13.6 SIMILARITY TRANSFORMATIONS T 416
13.7 CLOUDS OVER NON-BLACK SURFACES 418
13.8 MULTIPLE CLOUD LAYERS 423
13.9 ACCURATE SOLUTION METHODS + 424
A REPRESENTING THE PHASE FUNCTION 427
A.L LEGENDRE POLYNOMIAL EXPANSION 427
A.2 ^-SCALING OF THE PHASE FUNCTION 430
B SYMBOLS USED 438
C FURTHER READING 445
D USEFUL PHYSICAL AND ASTRONOMICAL CONSTANTS 447
ORDERING INFORMATION 459 |
| adam_txt |
IMAGE 1
CONTENTS
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION III
PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION V
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 RELEVANCE FOR CLIMATE AND WEATHER 1
1.1.1 SOLAR RADIATION 2
1.1.2 THERMAL INFRARED RADIATION 3
1.1.3 THE GLOBAL HEAT ENGINE 4
1.1.4 COMPONENTS OF THE EARTH'S ENERGY BUDGET . . 6 1.2 RELEVANCE FOR
REMOTE SENSING 7
2 PROPERTIES OF RADIATION 11
2.1 THE NATURE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION 11
2.2 FREQUENCY 16
2.2.1 FREQUENCY DECOMPOSIRION 18
2.2.2 BROADBAND VS MONOCHROMATIC RADIATION . . 19 2.3 POLARIZATION 20
2.4 ENERGY 22
2.5 A MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTION OF EM WAVES + 24
2.6 QUANTUM PROPERTIES OF RADIATION 31
2.7 FLUX AND INTENSITY 33
2.7.1 FLUX 33
VN
IMAGE 2
VIII C O N T E N TS
2.7.2 INTENSITY 35
2.7.3 RELATIONSHIP B E T W E EN FLUX A ND INTENSITY . . 46
2.8 APPLICATIONS 49
2.8.1 GLOBAL INSOLATION 49
2.8.2 REGIONAL AND SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION OF INSOLATION 50
THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM 55
3.1 FREQUENCY WAVELENGTH AND WAVENUMBER 56
3.2 MAJOR SPECTRAL BANDS 57
3.2.1 GAMMA RAYS AND X-RAYS 61
3.2.2 ULTRAVIOLET BAND 61
3.2.3 VISIBLE BAND 63
3.2.4 INFRAREDBAND 64
3.2.5 MICROWAVE AND RADIO BANDS 66
3.3 SOLAR AND TERRESTRIAL RADIATION 68
3.4 APPLICATIONS 69
3.4.1 UV RADIATION AND OZONE 69
REFLECTION AND REFRACTION 74
4.1 A CLOSER LOOK AT N 76
4.1.1 THE REAL PART 76
4.1.2 THE IMAGINARY PART 76
4.1.3 THE DIELECTRIC CONSTANT* 79
4.1.4 OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES 1 " 80 4.2 REFRACTION
AND REFLECTION 82
4.2.1 ANGLE OF REFLECTION 82
4.2.2 ANGLE OF REFRACTION 84
4.2.3 REFLECTIVITY 86
4.3 APPLICATIONS 90
4.3.1 RAINBOWS AND HALOS 90
RADIATIVE PROPERTIES OF NATURAL SURFACES 96
5.1 NATURAL SURFACES IDEALIZED AS PLANAR BOUNDARIES . . 97 5.2
ABSORPTIVITY AND REFLECTIVITY 98
5.2.1 EXAMPLES OF REFLECTIVITY SPECTRA 99
5.2.2 THE GRAYBODY APPROXIMATION 100
5.3 ANGULAR DISTRIBUTION OFREFLECTED RADIATION 102
5.3.1 SPECULAR AND LAMBERTIAN REFLECTION 102
5.3.2 REFLECTION IN THE GENERAL CASE 1 " 105
IMAGE 3
CONTENTS IX
5.4 APPLICATIONS 107
5.4.1 SOLAR HEATING OF SURFACES 107
5.4.2 SATELLITE IMAGING AT VISIBLE AND NEAR-IR WAVELENGTHS 109
THERMAL EMISSION 113
6.1 BLACKBODY RADIATION 115
6.1.1 PLANCK'S FUNCTION 117
6.1.2 WIEN'S DISPLACEMENT LAW 120
6.1.3 STEFAN-BOLTZMANN LAW 122
6.1.4 RAYLEIGH-JEANS APPROXIMATION 123
6.2 EMISSIVITY 123
6.2.1 MONOCHROMATIC EMISSIVITY 124
6.2.2 GRAYBODY EMISSIVITY 124
6.2.3 KIRCHHOFF'S LAW 125
6.2.4 BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE 127
6.3 WHEN DOES THERMAL EMISSION MATTER? 130
6.4 APPLICATIONS 132
6.4.1 RADIATIVE EQUILIBRIUM IN A VACUUM 133
6.4.2 TOP-OF-THE-ATMOSPHERE GLOBAL RADIATION BAL- ANCE 136
6.4.3 SIMPLE RADIATIVE MODELS OF THE ATMOSPHERE . 139 6.4.4 NIGHTTIME
RADIATIVE COOLING 144
6.4.5 RADIATIVE COOLING AT CLOUD TOP 146
6.4.6 IR IMAGING FROM SPACE 148
6.4.7 MICROWAVE IMAGING FROM SPACE 151
ATMOSPHERIC TRANSMISSION 155
7.1 EXTINCTION, SCATTERING AND ABSORPTION COEFFICIENTS . . 159 7.2
EXTINCTION OVER A FINITE PATH 160
7.2.1 FUNDAMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS 160
7.2.2 MASS EXTINCTION COEFFICIENT 163
7.2.3 EXTINCTION CROSS-SECTION 166
7.2.4 GENERALIZATION TO SCATTERING AND ABSORPTION . 167 7.2.5
GENERALIZATION TO ARBITRARY MIXTURES OF COM- PONENTS 168
7.3 PLANE PARALLEL APPROXIMATION 169
7.3.1 DEFINITION 171
7.3.2 OPTICAL DEPTH AS VERTICAL COORDINATE 173
IMAGE 4
CONTENTS
7.4 APPLICATIONS 174
7.4.1 THE TRANSMISSION SPECTRUM OF THE ATMOSPHERE 174 7.4.2 MEASURING
SOLAR INTENSITY FROM THE GROUND . . 185 7.4.3 TRANSMITTANCE IN AN
EXPONENTIAL ATMOSPHERE 187 7.4.4 OPTICAL THICKNESS AND TRANSMITTANCE OF
A
CLOUD LAYER 194
ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION 204
8.1 SCHWARZSCHILD'S EQUATION 205
8.2 RADIATIVE TRANSFER IN A PLANE PARALLEL ATMOSPHERE . . 210 8.2.1 THE
EMISSIVITY OF THE ATMOSPHERE 211
8.2.2 MONOCHROMATIC FLUX + 212
8.2.3 SURFACE CONTRIBUTIONS TO UPWARD INTENSITY . . 215 8.3 APPLICATIONS
217
8.3.1 THE SPECTRUM OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION . . . 219 8.3.2 SATELLITE
RETRIEVAL OF TEMPERATURE PROFILES . . . 228 8.3.3 WATER VAPOR IMAGERY
233
ABSORPTION BY ATMOSPHERIC GASES + 236
9.1 BASIS FOR MOLECULAR ABSORPTION/EMISSION 238
9.2 ABSORPTION/EMISSION LINES 240
9.2.1 ROTATIONAL TRANSITIONS 243
9.2.2 VIBRATIONAL TRANSITIONS 251
9.2.3 ELECTRONIC TRANSITIONS 256
9.2.4 COMBINED ENERGY TRANSITIONS AND ASSOCIATED SPECTRA 258
9.3 UNESHAPES 258
9.3.1 GENERIC DESCRIPTION OF LINES 260
9.3.2 DOPPIER BROADENING 261
9.3.3 PRESSURE BROADENING 263
9.3.4 COMPARING DOPPIER AND PRESSURE BROADENING 266 9.4 CONTINUUM
ABSORPTION 267
9.4.1 PHOTOIONIZATION 268
9.4.2 PHOTODISSOCIATION 268
9.4.3 CONTINUUM ABSORPTION BY WATER VAPOR . . . 269 9.5 APPLICATIONS
270
9.5.1 ATMOSPHERIC ABSORBERS IN THE IR BAND . . . 270
IMAGE 5
CONTENTS XI
10 BROADBAND FLUXES AND HEATING RATES + 280
10.1 LINE-BY-LINE CALCULATIONS 281
10.2 BAND TRANSMISSION MODELS 286
10.2.1 ABSORPTION BY AN ISOLATED LINE 288
10.2.2 DEFINING A BAND MODEL 293
10.2.3 THE ELSASSER BAND MODEL 294
10.2.4 THE RANDOM/MALKMUS BAND MODEL 297
10.2.5 THE HCG APPROXIMATION 298
10.3 THE FC-DISTRIBUTION METHOD 299
10.3.1 HOMOGENEOUS PATH 300
10.3.2 INHOMOGENEOUS PATH: CORRELATED-FC 303
10.4 APPLICATIONS 306
10.4.1 FLUXES AND RADIATIVE HEATING/COOLING . . . 306
11 RTE WITH SCATTERING 320
11.1 WHEN DOES SCATTERING MATTER? 321
11.2 RADIATIVE TRANSFER EQUATION WITH SCATTERING 322 11.2.1 DIFFERENTIAL
FORM 322
11.2.2 POLARIZED SCATTERING 1 324
11.2.3 PLANE PARALLEL ATMOSPHERE 324
11.3 THE SCATTERING PHASE FUNCTION 326
11.3.1 ISOTROPIE SCATTERING 327
11.3.2 THE ASYMMETRY PARAMETER 329
11.3.3 THE HENYEY-GREENSTEIN PHASE FUNCTION . . . 330 11.4 SINGLE VS.
MULTIPLE SCATTERING 332
11.5 APPLICATIONS 336
11.5.1 INTENSITYOF SKYLIGHT 336
11.5.2 HORIZONTAL VISIBILITY 338
12 SCATTERING AND ABSORPTION BY PARTICLES 343
12.1 ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES 344
12.1.1 OVERVIEW 344
12.1.2 RELEVANT PROPERTIES 345
12.2 SCATTERING BY SMALL PARTICLES 347
12.2.1 DIPOLE RADIATION 347
12.2.2 THE RAYLEIGH PHASE FUNCTION 351
12.2.3 POLARIZATION 353
12.2.4 SCATTERING AND ABSORPTION EFFICIENCI.ES 354 12.3 SCATTERING BY
SPHERES - MIE THEORY 358
IMAGE 6
XII CONTENTS
12.3.1 EXTINCTION EFFICIENCY FOR NONABSORBING SPHERE 359 12.3.2
EXTINCTION AND SCATTERING BY ABSORBING SPHERES363 12.3.3 SCATTERING
PHASE FUNCTION 365
12.4 DISTRIBUTIONS OF PARTICLES 372
12.5 APPLICATIONS 373
12.5.1 THE SCATTERING PROPERTIES OF CLOUDS 373
12.5.2 RADAR OBSERVATIONS OF PRECIPITATION 375
12.5.3 MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING AND CLOUDS . . . 381
13 RADIATIVE TRANSFER WITH MULTIPLE SCATTERING 387 13.1 VISUALIZING
MULTIPLE SCATTERING 389
13.2 THE TWO-STREAM METHOD 392
13.2.1 AZIMUTHALLY AVERAGED RTE 392
13.2.2 THE TWO-STREAM APPROXIMATION 393 13.2.3 SOLUTION 398
13.3 SEMI-INFMITE CLOUD 400
13.3.1 ALBEDO 401
13.3.2 FLUX AND HEARING RATE PROFILE 404
13.4 NONABSORBING CLOUD 406
13.5 GENERAL CASE 408
13.5.1 ALBEDO, TRANSMITTANCE, AND ABSORPTANCE . . . 409 13.5.2 DIRECT
AND DIFFUSE TRANSMITTANCE 412 13.5.3 SEMI-INFINITE CLOUD AS
APPROXIMATION 414 13.6 SIMILARITY TRANSFORMATIONS T 416
13.7 CLOUDS OVER NON-BLACK SURFACES 418
13.8 MULTIPLE CLOUD LAYERS 423
13.9 ACCURATE SOLUTION METHODS + 424
A REPRESENTING THE PHASE FUNCTION 427
A.L LEGENDRE POLYNOMIAL EXPANSION 427
A.2 ^-SCALING OF THE PHASE FUNCTION 430
B SYMBOLS USED 438
C FURTHER READING 445
D USEFUL PHYSICAL AND ASTRONOMICAL CONSTANTS 447
ORDERING INFORMATION 459 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Petty, Grant W. 1958- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)17401712X |
| author_facet | Petty, Grant W. 1958- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Petty, Grant W. 1958- |
| author_variant | g w p gw gwp |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV022827563 |
| callnumber-first | Q - Science |
| callnumber-label | QC912 |
| callnumber-raw | QC912.3 |
| callnumber-search | QC912.3 |
| callnumber-sort | QC 3912.3 |
| callnumber-subject | QC - Physics |
| classification_rvk | RB 10429 UT 6500 |
| contents | Properties of radiation, The electromagnetic spectrum, Reflection and refraction, Radiative properties of natural surfaces, Thermal emission, Atmospheric transmission, Atmospheric emission, Absorption by atmospheric gases, Broadband fluxes and heating rates, Radiative transfer with scattering, Scattering and absorption by particles, Radiative transfer with multiple scattering |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)65174431 (DE-599)BVBBV022827563 |
| discipline | Physik Geographie |
| discipline_str_mv | Physik Geographie |
| edition | 2.edition |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV022827563 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T18:42:24Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-20T04:52:09Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0972903313 9780972903318 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016032831 |
| oclc_num | 65174431 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-188 DE-20 |
| owner_facet | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-188 DE-20 |
| physical | XII, 458 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| publishDateSearch | 2006 |
| publishDateSort | 2006 |
| publisher | Sundog Publishing |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Petty, Grant W. 1958- (DE-588)17401712X aut A first course in atmospheric radiation Grant W. Petty 2.edition Madison, Wisconsin Sundog Publishing 2006 XII, 458 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references (S. 445 - 446) and index Properties of radiation, The electromagnetic spectrum, Reflection and refraction, Radiative properties of natural surfaces, Thermal emission, Atmospheric transmission, Atmospheric emission, Absorption by atmospheric gases, Broadband fluxes and heating rates, Radiative transfer with scattering, Scattering and absorption by particles, Radiative transfer with multiple scattering This textbook covers the essentials of atmospheric radiation at a level appropriate to advanced undergraduates and first-year graduate students. It was written specifically to be readable and technically accessible to students having no prior background in the subject area and who may or may not intend to continue with more advanced study of radiation or remote sensing. The author emphasizes physical insight, first and foremost, but backed by the essential mathematical relationships. The second edition adds new exercises, improved figures, a table of symbols, and discussions of new topics, such as the Poynting vector and the energy balance within the atmosphere. The book web page includes additional resources for courses taught using this book, including downloadable/printable PDF figures as well as solutions to most problems (for instructors of recognized courses only). Radiative transfer Atmosphäre (DE-588)4003397-1 gnd rswk-swf Elektromagnetische Strahlung (DE-588)4014297-8 gnd rswk-swf Strahlung (DE-588)4057849-5 gnd rswk-swf Strahlung (DE-588)4057849-5 s Atmosphäre (DE-588)4003397-1 s DE-604 Elektromagnetische Strahlung (DE-588)4014297-8 s Lokalausgabe Shokai taiki hoshagaku <jpn.> 9784130627290 2019 V:AT-OBV;B:AT-UBG text/plain http://media.obvsg.at/AC04262113-3401 Klappentext http://digitale-objekte.hbz-nrw.de/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=2613677&custom_att_2=simple_viewer Verlag A first course in atmospheric radiation Inhaltsverzeichnis OEBV Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016032831&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p Automatisch aus GBV_2011-10 2012-06-19 AT-OBV |
| spellingShingle | Petty, Grant W. 1958- A first course in atmospheric radiation Radiative transfer Atmosphäre (DE-588)4003397-1 gnd Elektromagnetische Strahlung (DE-588)4014297-8 gnd Strahlung (DE-588)4057849-5 gnd Properties of radiation, The electromagnetic spectrum, Reflection and refraction, Radiative properties of natural surfaces, Thermal emission, Atmospheric transmission, Atmospheric emission, Absorption by atmospheric gases, Broadband fluxes and heating rates, Radiative transfer with scattering, Scattering and absorption by particles, Radiative transfer with multiple scattering |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4003397-1 (DE-588)4014297-8 (DE-588)4057849-5 |
| title | A first course in atmospheric radiation |
| title_auth | A first course in atmospheric radiation |
| title_exact_search | A first course in atmospheric radiation |
| title_exact_search_txtP | A first course in atmospheric radiation |
| title_full | A first course in atmospheric radiation Grant W. Petty |
| title_fullStr | A first course in atmospheric radiation Grant W. Petty |
| title_full_unstemmed | A first course in atmospheric radiation Grant W. Petty |
| title_short | A first course in atmospheric radiation |
| title_sort | a first course in atmospheric radiation |
| topic | Radiative transfer Atmosphäre (DE-588)4003397-1 gnd Elektromagnetische Strahlung (DE-588)4014297-8 gnd Strahlung (DE-588)4057849-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Radiative transfer Atmosphäre Elektromagnetische Strahlung Strahlung |
| url | http://media.obvsg.at/AC04262113-3401 http://digitale-objekte.hbz-nrw.de/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=2613677&custom_att_2=simple_viewer http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016032831&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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