Cardiovascular physiology:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Philadelphia, Pa.
Mosby Elsevier
2007
|
| Ausgabe: | 9. ed. |
| Schriftenreihe: | The Mosby physiology monograph series
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | 8. Aufl. 2001 von Robert M. Berne |
| Beschreibung: | XIV, 269 S. zahlr. Ill. u. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0323034462 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 020 | |a 0323034462 |9 0-323-03446-2 | ||
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| 100 | 1 | |a Levy, Matthew N. |d 1922-2012 |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)132102781 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Cardiovascular physiology |c Matthew N. Levy ; Achilles J. Pappano |
| 250 | |a 9. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Philadelphia, Pa. |b Mosby Elsevier |c 2007 | |
| 300 | |a XIV, 269 S. |b zahlr. Ill. u. graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a The Mosby physiology monograph series | |
| 500 | |a 8. Aufl. 2001 von Robert M. Berne | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Appareil cardiovasculaire - Physiologie | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Cardiovascular system |x Physiology | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Pappano, Achilles J. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m HBZ Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015988861&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-015988861 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804137045895938048 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
1
OVERVIEW OF THE CIRCULATION,
BLOOD, AND HEMOSTASIS 1
The Circulatory System 1
Blood and Hemostasis 5
Blood Is Divided into Groups by
Antigens Located on Erythrocytes 7
Hemostatis is Achieved by
Vasoconstriction, Platelet Aggregation,
and Coagulation of the Blood 8
Blood Clots Can Be Lysed, and Blood
Coagulation Can Be Prevented 10
Summary 10
Case 1 1 11
2
EXCITATION: THE CARDIAC
ACTION POTENTIAL 13
Cardiac Action Potentials Consist of Several
Phases 13
The Principal Types of Cardiac
Action Potentials Are the Slow
and Fast Types 14
The Ionic Basis of the Resting
Potential 15
The Fast Response Depends Mainly
on Voltage Dependent Sodium
Channels 18
Conduction in Cardiac Fibers Depends on
Local Circuit Currents 27
Conduction of the Fast Response 28
Conduction of the Slow Response 29
Cardiac Excitability Depends on the
Activation and Inactivation of Specific
Currents 29
Fast Response 29
Slow Response 30
Effects of Cycle Length 31
Summary 31
Case 2 1 32
3
AUTOMATICITY: NATURAL
EXCITATION OF THE HEART .33
The Heart Generates Its Own Pacemaking
Activity 33
Sinoatrial Node 34
Ionic Basis of Automaticity 35
Overdrive Suppression 36
Atrial Conduction 37
Atrioventricular Conduction 37
Ventricular Conduction 40
An Impulse Can Travel Around
a Reentry Loop 42
Afterdepolarizations Lead to Triggered
Activity 44
X CONTENTS
Early Afterdepolarizations 44
Delayed Afterdepolarizations 45
Electrocardiography Displays the Spread
of Cardiac Excitation 45
Scalar Electrocardiography 46
Dysrhythmias Occur Frequently
and Constitute Important Clinical
Problems 48
Altered Sinoatrial Rhythms 48
Atrioventricular Transmission
Blocks 49
Premature Depolarizations 49
Ectopic Tachycardias 50
Fibrillation 51
Summary 52
Case 3 1 53
4
THE CARDIAC PUMP SS
The Gross and Microscopic Structures
of the Heart Are Uniquely Designed
for Optimal Function 55
The Myocardial Cell 55
The Force of Cardiac Contraction Is Largely
Determined by the Resting Length
of the Myocardial Fibers 60
Excitation Contraction Coupling
Is Mediated by Calcium 61
Preload and Afterload Are Important
in Determining Cardiac
Performance 64
The Cardiac Chambers Consist of Two Atria,
Two Ventricles, and Four Valves 67
Cardiac Valves 68
The Pericardium Is an Epithelized Fibrous
Sac That Invests the Heart 70
The Two Major Heart Sounds Are Mainly
Produced by Closure of the Cardiac
Valves 71
The Sequential Contraction and Relaxation
of the Atria and Ventricles Constitute
the Cardiac Cycle 72
Ventricular Systole 72
Ventricular Diastole 73
The Fick Principle Is Used to Determine
Cardiac Output 75
The Indicator Dilution Technique
Is a Useful Method for Measuring
Cardiac Output 76
Summary 77
Case 4 1 78
5
REGULATION OF
THE HEARTBEAT 81
Heart Rate is Controlled Mainly by the
Autonomic Nerves 81
Parasympathetic Pathways 82
Sympathetic Pathways 83
Higher Centers Also Influence Cardiac
Performance 85
Heart Rate Can Be Regulated via the
Baro recep to r Reflex 85
The Bainbridge Reflex and Atrial
Receptors Regulate Heart Rate 86
Respiration Induces a Common Cardiac
Dysrhythmia 87
Activation of the Chemoreceptor Reflex
Affects Heart Rate 89
Ventricular Receptor Reflexes Play
a Minor Role in the Regulation
of Heart Rate 91
Myocardial Performance Is Regulated by
Intrinsic Mechanisms 91
The Frank Starling Mechanism Is an
Important Regulator of Myocardial
Contractility 92
Changes in Heart Rate Affect Contractile
Force 96
Myocardial Performance Is Regulated
by Nervous and Humoral Factors 98
Nervous Control 98
Cardiac Performance Is Also Regulated
by Hormonal Substances 102
Summary 105
Case 5 1 105
6
HEMODYNAMICS 107
Velocity of the Bloodstream Depends on
Blood Flow and Vascular Area 107
Blood Flow Depends on the Pressure
Gradient 108
Relationship between Pressure and Flow
Depends on the Characteristics of the
Conduits 110
Resistance to Flow 113
Resistances in Series and in Parallel 114
Flow May Be Laminar or Turbulent 115
Shear Stress on the Vessel Wall 117
Rheologic Properties of Blood 117
Summary 122
Case 6 1 122
7
THE ARTERIAL SYSTEM 125
The Hydraulic Filter Converts Pulsatile Flow
to Steady Flow 125
Arterial Elasticity Compensates
for the Intermittent Flow Delivered
by the Heart 127
The Arterial Blood Pressure Is Determined by
Physical and Physiological Factors 130
Mean Arterial Pressure 131
Cardiac Output 131
CONTENTS xi
Peripheral Resistance 133
Pulse Pressure 134
Stroke Volume 134
Arterial Compliance 135
Total Peripheral Resistance and Arterial
Diastolic Pressure 136
The Pressure Curves Change in Arteries at
Different Distances from the Heart 137
Blood Pressure Is Measured by
a Sphygmomanometer in Human
Patients 137
Summary 139
Case 7 1 139
8
THE MICROCIRCULATION
AND LYMPHATICS 141
Functional Anatomy 141
Arterioles Are the Stopcocks
of the Circulation 141
Capillaries Permit the Exchange
of Water, Solutes, and Gases 142
The Law of Laplace Explains Why
Capillaries Can Withstand High
Intravascular Pressures 143
The Endothelium Plays an Active Role in
Regulating the Microcirculation 144
The Endothelium Plays a Passive Role in
Transcapillary Exchange 145
Diffusion Is the Most Important Means
for Water and Solute Transfer Across
the Endothelium 146
Diffusion of Lipid Insoluble Molecules
Is Restricted to the Pores 148
Lipid Soluble Molecules Pass Directly
Through the Lipid Membranes of the
Endothelium and the Pores 149
Capillary Filtration Is Regulated by the
Hydrostatic and Osmotic Forces Across
the Endothelium 150
xii CONTENTS
Balance of Hydrostatic and Osmotic
Forces 152
The Capillary Filtration Coefficient
Provides a Method to Estimate
the Rate of Fluid Movement Across
the Endothelium 153
Pinocytosis Enables Large Molecules to
Cross the Endothelium 154
The Lymphatics Return the Fluid and Solutes
That Escape Through the Endothelium to
the Circulating Blood 155
Summary 156
Case 8 1 156
Case 8 2 157
9
THE PERIPHERAL CIRCULATION
AND ITS CONTROL 159
The Functions of the Heart and Large Blood
Vessels 159
Contraction and Relaxation of Arteriolar
Vascular Smooth Muscle Regulate
Peripheral Blood Flow 159
Intrinsic Control of Peripheral Blood
Flow 163
Autoregulation and the Myogenic
Mechanism Tend to Keep Blood Flow
Constant 163
The Endothelium Actively Regulates
Blood Flow 165
Tissue Metabolic Activity Is the Main
Factor in the Local Regulation of
Blood Flow 165
Extrinsic Control of Peripheral Blood Flow Is
Mediated Mainly by the Sympathetic
Nervous System 167
Impulses That Arise in the Medulla
Descend in the Sympathetic Nerves to
Increase Vascular Resistance 167
Sympathetic Nerves Regulate the
Contractile State of the Resistance and
Capacitance Vessels 168
The Parasympathetic Nervous System
Only Innervates Blood Vessels in the
Cranial and Sacral Regions of the Body
169
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine Are
the Main Humoral Factors That
Affect Vascular Resistance 169
The Vascular Reflexes Are Responsible
for Rapid Adjustments of Blood
Pressure 170
The Peripheral Chemoreceptors
Are Stimulated by Decreases in
Blood Oxygen Tension and pH and
by Increases in Carbon Dioxide
Tension 173
The Central Chemoreceptors Are Sensitive
to Changes in Paco2 173
Other Vascular Reflexes 174
Balance Between Extrinsic and Intrinsic
Factors in Regulation of Peripheral
Blood Flow 175
Summary 176
Case 9 1 177
Case 9 2 178
10
CONTROL OF CARDIAC OUTPUT:
COUPLING OF HEART AND BLOOD
VESSELS 179
Factors Controlling Cardiac Output 179
The Vascular Function Curve Relates Central
Venous Pressure to Cardiac Output 180
Mathematical Analysis of the Vascular
Function Curve 183
Venous Pressure Depends on Cardiac
Output 184
Blood Volume 184
Venomotor Tone 185
Blood Reservoirs 186
Peripheral Resistance 186
Cardiac Output and Venous Return Are
Closely Associated 187
The Heart and Vasculature Are Coupled
Functionally 187
Myocardial Contractility 188
Blood Volume 189
Peripheral Resistance 190
The Right Ventricle Regulates Not Only
Pulmonary Blood Flow, but also Central
Venous Pressure 191
Heart Rate Has Ambivalent Effects on
Cardiac Output 194
Ancillary Factors Affect the Venous System
and Cardiac Output 195
Gravity 195
Muscular Activity and Venous
Valves 198
Respiratory Activity 199
Artificial Respiration 200
Summary 200
Case 10 1 201
11
CORONARY CIRCULATION . . .203
Functional Anatomy of the Coronary
Vessels 203
Coronary Blood Flow Is Regulated by
Physical, Neural, and Metabolic
Factors 204
Physical Factors 204
Neural and Neurohumoral Factors 206
Metabolic Factors 207
Cardiac Oxygen Consumption Is a Function
of the Work Performed by the Heart 209
CONTENTS xiii
Cardiac Efficiency 209
Diminished Coronary Blood Flow Impairs
Cardiac Function 210
Coronary Collateral Vessels Develop in
Response to Impairment of Coronary
Blood Flow 211
Summary 213
Case 11 1 214
12
SPECIAL CIRCULATIONS 215
Cutaneous Circulation 215
Skin Blood Flow Is Regulated Mainly
by the Sympathetic Nervous
System 215
Ambient and Body Temperature Play
an Important Role in the Regulation
of Skin Blood Flow 217
Skin Color Depends on the Volume
and Flow of Blood in the Skin,
and on the Amount of O2 Bound to
Hemoglobin 218
Skeletal Muscle Circulation 218
Regulation of Skeletal Muscle
Circulation 218
Cerebral Circulation 220
Local Factors Predominate
in the Regulation of Cerebral
Blood Flow 221
The Pulmonary and Systemic Circulations
Are in Series with Each Other 222
Functional Anatomy 222
Pulmonary Hemodynamics 224
Regulation of the Pulmonary
Circulation 226
The Renal Circulation Affects the Cardiac
Output 227
Anatomy 227
Renal Hemodynamics 227
xiv CONTENTS
The Renal Circulation is Regulated by
Intrinsic Mechanisms 229
The Splanchnic Circulation Provides Blood
Flow to the Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver,
Spleen, and Pancreas 231
Intestinal Circulation 231
Hepatic Circulation 233
Fetal Circulation 235
Changes in the Circulatory System
at Birth 237
Summary 237
Case 12 1 239
Case 12 2 239
Case 12 3 239
13
INTERPLAY OF CENTRAL
AND PERIPHERAL FACTORS
THAT CONTROL THE
CIRCULATION 241
Exercise 241
Mild to Moderate Exercise 242
Severe Exercise 245
Postexercise Recovery 246
Limits of Exercise Performance 246
Physical Training and
Conditioning 246
Hemorrhage 247
Hemorrhage Evokes Compensatory
and Decompensatory Effects on the
Arterial Blood Pressure 247
The Compensatory Mechanisms
Are Neural and Humoral 247
The Decompensatory Mechanisms
Are Mainly Humoral, Cardiac, and
Hematologic 250
The Positive and Negative Feedback
Mechanisms Interact 252
Summary 253
Case 13 1 253
Case 13 2 254
APPENDIX: CASE STUDY ANSWERS 255
INDEX 259
|
| adam_txt |
CONTENTS
1
OVERVIEW OF THE CIRCULATION,
BLOOD, AND HEMOSTASIS 1
The Circulatory System 1
Blood and Hemostasis 5
Blood Is Divided into Groups by
Antigens Located on Erythrocytes 7
Hemostatis is Achieved by
Vasoconstriction, Platelet Aggregation,
and Coagulation of the Blood 8
Blood Clots Can Be Lysed, and Blood
Coagulation Can Be Prevented 10
Summary 10
Case 1 1 11
2
EXCITATION: THE CARDIAC
ACTION POTENTIAL 13
Cardiac Action Potentials Consist of Several
Phases 13
The Principal Types of Cardiac
Action Potentials Are the Slow
and Fast Types 14
The Ionic Basis of the Resting
Potential 15
The Fast Response Depends Mainly
on Voltage Dependent Sodium
Channels 18
Conduction in Cardiac Fibers Depends on
Local Circuit Currents 27
Conduction of the Fast Response 28
Conduction of the Slow Response 29
Cardiac Excitability Depends on the
Activation and Inactivation of Specific
Currents 29
Fast Response 29
Slow Response 30
Effects of Cycle Length 31
Summary 31
Case 2 1 32
3
AUTOMATICITY: NATURAL
EXCITATION OF THE HEART .33
The Heart Generates Its Own Pacemaking
Activity 33
Sinoatrial Node 34
Ionic Basis of Automaticity 35
Overdrive Suppression 36
Atrial Conduction 37
Atrioventricular Conduction 37
Ventricular Conduction 40
An Impulse Can Travel Around
a Reentry Loop 42
Afterdepolarizations Lead to Triggered
Activity 44
X CONTENTS
Early Afterdepolarizations 44
Delayed Afterdepolarizations 45
Electrocardiography Displays the Spread
of Cardiac Excitation 45
Scalar Electrocardiography 46
Dysrhythmias Occur Frequently
and Constitute Important Clinical
Problems 48
Altered Sinoatrial Rhythms 48
Atrioventricular Transmission
Blocks 49
Premature Depolarizations 49
Ectopic Tachycardias 50
Fibrillation 51
Summary 52
Case 3 1 53
4
THE CARDIAC PUMP SS
The Gross and Microscopic Structures
of the Heart Are Uniquely Designed
for Optimal Function 55
The Myocardial Cell 55
The Force of Cardiac Contraction Is Largely
Determined by the Resting Length
of the Myocardial Fibers 60
Excitation Contraction Coupling
Is Mediated by Calcium 61
Preload and Afterload Are Important
in Determining Cardiac
Performance 64
The Cardiac Chambers Consist of Two Atria,
Two Ventricles, and Four Valves 67
Cardiac Valves 68
The Pericardium Is an Epithelized Fibrous
Sac That Invests the Heart 70
The Two Major Heart Sounds Are Mainly
Produced by Closure of the Cardiac
Valves 71
The Sequential Contraction and Relaxation
of the Atria and Ventricles Constitute
the Cardiac Cycle 72
Ventricular Systole 72
Ventricular Diastole 73
The Fick Principle Is Used to Determine
Cardiac Output 75
The Indicator Dilution Technique
Is a Useful Method for Measuring
Cardiac Output 76
Summary 77
Case 4 1 78
5
REGULATION OF
THE HEARTBEAT 81
Heart Rate is Controlled Mainly by the
Autonomic Nerves 81
Parasympathetic Pathways 82
Sympathetic Pathways 83
Higher Centers Also Influence Cardiac
Performance 85
Heart Rate Can Be Regulated via the
Baro recep to r Reflex 85
The Bainbridge Reflex and Atrial
Receptors Regulate Heart Rate 86
Respiration Induces a Common Cardiac
Dysrhythmia 87
Activation of the Chemoreceptor Reflex
Affects Heart Rate 89
Ventricular Receptor Reflexes Play
a Minor Role in the Regulation
of Heart Rate 91
Myocardial Performance Is Regulated by
Intrinsic Mechanisms 91
The Frank Starling Mechanism Is an
Important Regulator of Myocardial
Contractility 92
Changes in Heart Rate Affect Contractile
Force 96
Myocardial Performance Is Regulated
by Nervous and Humoral Factors 98
Nervous Control 98
Cardiac Performance Is Also Regulated
by Hormonal Substances 102
Summary 105
Case 5 1 105
6
HEMODYNAMICS 107
Velocity of the Bloodstream Depends on
Blood Flow and Vascular Area 107
Blood Flow Depends on the Pressure
Gradient 108
Relationship between Pressure and Flow
Depends on the Characteristics of the
Conduits 110
Resistance to Flow 113
Resistances in Series and in Parallel 114
Flow May Be Laminar or Turbulent 115
Shear Stress on the Vessel Wall 117
Rheologic Properties of Blood 117
Summary 122
Case 6 1 122
7
THE ARTERIAL SYSTEM 125
The Hydraulic Filter Converts Pulsatile Flow
to Steady Flow 125
Arterial Elasticity Compensates
for the Intermittent Flow Delivered
by the Heart 127
The Arterial Blood Pressure Is Determined by
Physical and Physiological Factors 130
Mean Arterial Pressure 131
Cardiac Output 131
CONTENTS xi
Peripheral Resistance 133
Pulse Pressure 134
Stroke Volume 134
Arterial Compliance 135
Total Peripheral Resistance and Arterial
Diastolic Pressure 136
The Pressure Curves Change in Arteries at
Different Distances from the Heart 137
Blood Pressure Is Measured by
a Sphygmomanometer in Human
Patients 137
Summary 139
Case 7 1 139
8
THE MICROCIRCULATION
AND LYMPHATICS 141
Functional Anatomy 141
Arterioles Are the Stopcocks
of the Circulation 141
Capillaries Permit the Exchange
of Water, Solutes, and Gases 142
The Law of Laplace Explains Why
Capillaries Can Withstand High
Intravascular Pressures 143
The Endothelium Plays an Active Role in
Regulating the Microcirculation 144
The Endothelium Plays a Passive Role in
Transcapillary Exchange 145
Diffusion Is the Most Important Means
for Water and Solute Transfer Across
the Endothelium 146
Diffusion of Lipid Insoluble Molecules
Is Restricted to the Pores 148
Lipid Soluble Molecules Pass Directly
Through the Lipid Membranes of the
Endothelium and the Pores 149
Capillary Filtration Is Regulated by the
Hydrostatic and Osmotic Forces Across
the Endothelium 150
xii CONTENTS
Balance of Hydrostatic and Osmotic
Forces 152
The Capillary Filtration Coefficient
Provides a Method to Estimate
the Rate of Fluid Movement Across
the Endothelium 153
Pinocytosis Enables Large Molecules to
Cross the Endothelium 154
The Lymphatics Return the Fluid and Solutes
That Escape Through the Endothelium to
the Circulating Blood 155
Summary 156
Case 8 1 156
Case 8 2 157
9
THE PERIPHERAL CIRCULATION
AND ITS CONTROL 159
The Functions of the Heart and Large Blood
Vessels 159
Contraction and Relaxation of Arteriolar
Vascular Smooth Muscle Regulate
Peripheral Blood Flow 159
Intrinsic Control of Peripheral Blood
Flow 163
Autoregulation and the Myogenic
Mechanism Tend to Keep Blood Flow
Constant 163
The Endothelium Actively Regulates
Blood Flow 165
Tissue Metabolic Activity Is the Main
Factor in the Local Regulation of
Blood Flow 165
Extrinsic Control of Peripheral Blood Flow Is
Mediated Mainly by the Sympathetic
Nervous System 167
Impulses That Arise in the Medulla
Descend in the Sympathetic Nerves to
Increase Vascular Resistance 167
Sympathetic Nerves Regulate the
Contractile State of the Resistance and
Capacitance Vessels 168
The Parasympathetic Nervous System
Only Innervates Blood Vessels in the
Cranial and Sacral Regions of the Body
169
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine Are
the Main Humoral Factors That
Affect Vascular Resistance 169
The Vascular Reflexes Are Responsible
for Rapid Adjustments of Blood
Pressure 170
The Peripheral Chemoreceptors
Are Stimulated by Decreases in
Blood Oxygen Tension and pH and
by Increases in Carbon Dioxide
Tension 173
The Central Chemoreceptors Are Sensitive
to Changes in Paco2 173
Other Vascular Reflexes 174
Balance Between Extrinsic and Intrinsic
Factors in Regulation of Peripheral
Blood Flow 175
Summary 176
Case 9 1 177
Case 9 2 178
10
CONTROL OF CARDIAC OUTPUT:
COUPLING OF HEART AND BLOOD
VESSELS 179
Factors Controlling Cardiac Output 179
The Vascular Function Curve Relates Central
Venous Pressure to Cardiac Output 180
Mathematical Analysis of the Vascular
Function Curve 183
Venous Pressure Depends on Cardiac
Output 184
Blood Volume 184
Venomotor Tone 185
Blood Reservoirs 186
Peripheral Resistance 186
Cardiac Output and Venous Return Are
Closely Associated 187
The Heart and Vasculature Are Coupled
Functionally 187
Myocardial Contractility 188
Blood Volume 189
Peripheral Resistance 190
The Right Ventricle Regulates Not Only
Pulmonary Blood Flow, but also Central
Venous Pressure 191
Heart Rate Has Ambivalent Effects on
Cardiac Output 194
Ancillary Factors Affect the Venous System
and Cardiac Output 195
Gravity 195
Muscular Activity and Venous
Valves 198
Respiratory Activity 199
Artificial Respiration 200
Summary 200
Case 10 1 201
11
CORONARY CIRCULATION . . .203
Functional Anatomy of the Coronary
Vessels 203
Coronary Blood Flow Is Regulated by
Physical, Neural, and Metabolic
Factors 204
Physical Factors 204
Neural and Neurohumoral Factors 206
Metabolic Factors 207
Cardiac Oxygen Consumption Is a Function
of the Work Performed by the Heart 209
CONTENTS xiii
Cardiac Efficiency 209
Diminished Coronary Blood Flow Impairs
Cardiac Function 210
Coronary Collateral Vessels Develop in
Response to Impairment of Coronary
Blood Flow 211
Summary 213
Case 11 1 214
12
SPECIAL CIRCULATIONS 215
Cutaneous Circulation 215
Skin Blood Flow Is Regulated Mainly
by the Sympathetic Nervous
System 215
Ambient and Body Temperature Play
an Important Role in the Regulation
of Skin Blood Flow 217
Skin Color Depends on the Volume
and Flow of Blood in the Skin,
and on the Amount of O2 Bound to
Hemoglobin 218
Skeletal Muscle Circulation 218
Regulation of Skeletal Muscle
Circulation 218
Cerebral Circulation 220
Local Factors Predominate
in the Regulation of Cerebral
Blood Flow 221
The Pulmonary and Systemic Circulations
Are in Series with Each Other 222
Functional Anatomy 222
Pulmonary Hemodynamics 224
Regulation of the Pulmonary
Circulation 226
The Renal Circulation Affects the Cardiac
Output 227
Anatomy 227
Renal Hemodynamics 227
xiv CONTENTS
The Renal Circulation is Regulated by
Intrinsic Mechanisms 229
The Splanchnic Circulation Provides Blood
Flow to the Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver,
Spleen, and Pancreas 231
Intestinal Circulation 231
Hepatic Circulation 233
Fetal Circulation 235
Changes in the Circulatory System
at Birth 237
Summary 237
Case 12 1 239
Case 12 2 239
Case 12 3 239
13
INTERPLAY OF CENTRAL
AND PERIPHERAL FACTORS
THAT CONTROL THE
CIRCULATION 241
Exercise 241
Mild to Moderate Exercise 242
Severe Exercise 245
Postexercise Recovery 246
Limits of Exercise Performance 246
Physical Training and
Conditioning 246
Hemorrhage 247
Hemorrhage Evokes Compensatory
and Decompensatory Effects on the
Arterial Blood Pressure 247
The Compensatory Mechanisms
Are Neural and Humoral 247
The Decompensatory Mechanisms
Are Mainly Humoral, Cardiac, and
Hematologic 250
The Positive and Negative Feedback
Mechanisms Interact 252
Summary 253
Case 13 1 253
Case 13 2 254
APPENDIX: CASE STUDY ANSWERS 255
INDEX 259 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Levy, Matthew N. 1922-2012 Pappano, Achilles J. |
| author_GND | (DE-588)132102781 |
| author_facet | Levy, Matthew N. 1922-2012 Pappano, Achilles J. |
| author_role | aut aut |
| author_sort | Levy, Matthew N. 1922-2012 |
| author_variant | m n l mn mnl a j p aj ajp |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV022783395 |
| callnumber-first | Q - Science |
| callnumber-label | QP101 |
| callnumber-raw | QP101 |
| callnumber-search | QP101 |
| callnumber-sort | QP 3101 |
| callnumber-subject | QP - Physiology |
| classification_rvk | CZ 1100 WW 7504 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)63660993 (DE-599)BVBBV022783395 |
| dewey-full | 612.1 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 612 - Human physiology |
| dewey-raw | 612.1 |
| dewey-search | 612.1 |
| dewey-sort | 3612.1 |
| dewey-tens | 610 - Medicine and health |
| discipline | Biologie Psychologie Medizin |
| discipline_str_mv | Biologie Psychologie Medizin |
| edition | 9. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV022783395 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T18:37:07Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:06:03Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0323034462 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-015988861 |
| oclc_num | 63660993 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| owner_facet | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| physical | XIV, 269 S. zahlr. Ill. u. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publishDateSearch | 2007 |
| publishDateSort | 2007 |
| publisher | Mosby Elsevier |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | The Mosby physiology monograph series |
| spelling | Levy, Matthew N. 1922-2012 Verfasser (DE-588)132102781 aut Cardiovascular physiology Matthew N. Levy ; Achilles J. Pappano 9. ed. Philadelphia, Pa. Mosby Elsevier 2007 XIV, 269 S. zahlr. Ill. u. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier The Mosby physiology monograph series 8. Aufl. 2001 von Robert M. Berne Appareil cardiovasculaire - Physiologie Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena Cardiovascular system Physiology Pappano, Achilles J. Verfasser aut HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015988861&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Levy, Matthew N. 1922-2012 Pappano, Achilles J. Cardiovascular physiology Appareil cardiovasculaire - Physiologie Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena Cardiovascular system Physiology |
| title | Cardiovascular physiology |
| title_auth | Cardiovascular physiology |
| title_exact_search | Cardiovascular physiology |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Cardiovascular physiology |
| title_full | Cardiovascular physiology Matthew N. Levy ; Achilles J. Pappano |
| title_fullStr | Cardiovascular physiology Matthew N. Levy ; Achilles J. Pappano |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cardiovascular physiology Matthew N. Levy ; Achilles J. Pappano |
| title_short | Cardiovascular physiology |
| title_sort | cardiovascular physiology |
| topic | Appareil cardiovasculaire - Physiologie Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena Cardiovascular system Physiology |
| topic_facet | Appareil cardiovasculaire - Physiologie Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena Cardiovascular system Physiology |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015988861&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT levymatthewn cardiovascularphysiology AT pappanoachillesj cardiovascularphysiology |