Public health administration and the natural history of disease in Baltimore, Maryland: 1797 - 1920
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Carnegie Institution
1924
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| adam_text | PUBLIC HEALTH ADMINISTRATION AND
THE NATURAL HISTORY OF DISEASE
IN BALTIMORE, MARYLAND
1797-1920
BY
WILLIAM TRAVIS HOWARD, JR , M D
PUBLISHED BY THE CARNEGIE
Carneg e/Btioh
repositum i
IOTATTUS COLL]
VAL LENFU RG fi
INSTITUTION OF WASHINGTON
WASHINGTON,; SEPTEMBER, 1924
CONTENTS
PAKT I CERTAIN PHYSICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL DATA CONCERNING BALTIMORE
i • ,;!M PAGE
CHAPTER I • 1
Location and topography; Settlement and growth in area; Factors deter
mining expansion in commerce, industry, and wealth; Forms of
government; Meteorology , (Maps 1 and 2; Tables l^to 3 )
CHAPTER II : 11
Physicians; Medical education; Hospitals and dispensaries; Charities;
Schools; Dwellings
PART II HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE HEALTH DEPARTMENT AND OF HEALTH LAWS
AND REGULATIONS IN BALTIMORE AND THE STATE OF MARYLAND
CHAPTER III Ideas Underlying the Public Health Laws of Baltimore 33
CHAPTER IV Evolution of the Public Health Laws 47
1 Baltimore Town
2 Baltimore City: The two fundamental ordinances of 1797, Ordinance
No 11 and subsequent amendments and additions dealing with the
organization of the health department and the duties and powers of
health officials, the reporting and isolation of cases of communicable
diseases within the city, quarantine of the port; Hospitals controlled
by the city and the registration of births and di2aths, and of physicians,
midwives, and undertakers; Ordinance No 15 and subsequent amend
ments and additions dealing with nuisances, namely: General sanita
tion on public domains—street cleaning, garbage, night-soil collection
and disposal, food control—-and sanitation on private domains—privies,
cesspools, night-soil, standing water, and decaying materials, cellars,
manufactories injurious to health, garbage, habitations, plumbing,
foods
3 State of Maryland: Contagious and infectious diseases; Vaccination;
Medical practice;! Registration and licensing of midwives; Pharma
cists; Nurses, plumbers, :undertakers, and barbers; Registration of
births and deaths; Lunacy commission; Child and mother labor laws;
General nuisances; Foods; Building inspection
; |!:;j ; ; •
PART III PUBLIC HEALTH ADMINISTRATION OF BALTIMORE
llllll • ;• 1 CHAPTER V Public Health Measures without the City 83
Development of quarantine laws and practices; Lazaretto and quarantine
hospitals of the Port of Baltimore; ,Effectiveness of,maritime quaran
tine ji J l
CHAPTER VI Public Health Administration!within the City iJi 97 i )k ii i i * i1 • I 11 I Introduction: Developments and ;accomplishments! of public-health
practice in the nineteenth jcentury ti ascd jupcmj ideas anjd methods long
existent and determined jvtjry largely by the,more general diffusion of
knowledge and wealth among peoples jof intellectual and personal free-
vigorous dom; Reasons fori Influence of modern micro-parasitology;
attacks on nuisances ratll er than ori contactiye^ diseases
II Measures of nuisance prevention; j aitd4;j abatement j directed against
nuisance-borne diseases:!|||[ Definition||of nuisance;] Prevention and
abatement of nuisances] jOn public jir^pertyj-yDredging andj filling;
Grading and paving; Street cleaning and garbage!removal; Sewerage;
Water; Food; Prevention and abatement!;;of nuisances on! J I • Organic material property—Standing water;
tions j; |||
III Measures of restriction directed against contagious diseases: Isolation,
inoculation, and disinfection (Tables 4 io 6 )1 ! 1,1
Manufactories]
private
habita-
VI CONTENTS
PAGE
CHAPTER VII The Administrative Officers and Subdivisions of the Health
Department 157
Commissioners of health; Vaccine physicians or health wardens; Division
of statistics; Plumbing division; Laboratories; Inspection of school
children; Nursing bureau; Bureau of communicable diseases;
Bureau of infant welfare; Miscellaneous services (Tables 7 and S )
PART IV POPULATION AND STATISTICAL DATA
CHAPTER VIII 173
1 Population: Rate of growth; Racial composition; Distribution by
numbers, sex, and race (Tables; 9 to 13, Graph 1 )
2 Natality: Living births; Still-births (Tables 10 to 15 and 124, 126, 132 )
CHAPTER IX Statistical Material : 191
Character; Sources; Uses; Methods
PART V FBBRILE DISEASES ;•
CHAPTER X Nuisance Diseases 199
1 Insect-borne diseases: Malaria; Yellow fever; Typhus fever (Tables
16 to 18, Graphs 2 to 4 ) 1
2 Acute inflammatory affections of the intestinal tract characterized by
frequent loose stools of abnormal composition; Diarrhoea; Dysentery;
Asiatic cholera; Typhoid fever (Tables 19 to 33, Graphs 5 to 10 )
CHAPTER XI Typically Contactive Diseases ! 275
1 Acute exanthematous diseases: Small-pox; Cow-pox; Chicken-pox;
Scarlet fever; Measles; Influenza (Tables 34 to 59, Graphs 11 to 16 )
2 Acute inflammatory affections of the respiratory tract: Whooping-cough;
Diphtheria; Pneumonia (Tables 60 to 77, Graphs 17 to 20 )
3 Tuberculosis (Tables 78 to 90, Graphs 21 to 26 )
CHAPTER XII Other Acute!Infectious Diseases, some apparently Contactive 418
Acute meningitis; Poliomyelitis; Tetanus and erysipelas; Appendicitis
(Tables 91 to 100 and 34, 128, 131 ) j
I
PART VI VARIOUS CHRONIC ORGANIC DISEASES
CHAPTER XIII Tumors (Tables 101 to 109, Graphs 27 to 29 ) 435
CHAPTER XIV Diseases of the Cardio-Vascular-Renal System (Tables 101, 110
to 116, Graphs 27 to 29 )! „ 454
CHAPTER XV Diseases of the Central Nervous System and Liver 469
Diabetes; Alcoholism (Tables 117 to 119 )
PART VII MISCELLANEOUS CAUSES OF DEATH
CHAPTER XVI Violence (Tables 120 to 123, Graphs 30 to 32 ) 479
CHAPTER XVII Child-birth (Tables 124 to 127, Graphs 33 to 34 ) 487
CHAPTER XVIII Ill-defined Causes 498
Diseases of early infancy; • Arthritis; Hernia and intestinal obstruction
(Tables 128 to 131 )
PART VIII GENERAL CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER XIX Deaths from All Causes (Tables 132 to 139, Graphs 35 to 41 ) 507
CHAPTER XX Summary and Conclusions 531
Febrile diseases; Affections peculiar to child-birth and to early infancy;
Violence; Chronic-organic diseases (Tables 140 and 141 )
BIBLIOGRAPHY : 563
|
| adam_txt |
PUBLIC HEALTH ADMINISTRATION AND
THE NATURAL HISTORY OF DISEASE'
IN BALTIMORE, MARYLAND
1797-1920
BY
WILLIAM TRAVIS HOWARD, JR , M D
PUBLISHED BY THE CARNEGIE
Carneg e/Btioh
repositum i
IOTATTUS COLL]
VAL 'LENFU RG fi
INSTITUTION OF WASHINGTON
WASHINGTON,; SEPTEMBER, 1924
CONTENTS
PAKT I CERTAIN PHYSICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL DATA CONCERNING BALTIMORE
i •' ,;!M PAGE
CHAPTER I • 1
Location and topography; Settlement and growth in area; Factors deter
mining expansion in commerce, industry, and wealth; Forms of
government; Meteorology , (Maps 1 and 2; Tables l^to 3 )
CHAPTER II : 11
Physicians; Medical education; Hospitals and 'dispensaries; Charities;
Schools; Dwellings
PART II HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE HEALTH DEPARTMENT AND OF HEALTH LAWS
AND REGULATIONS IN BALTIMORE AND THE STATE OF MARYLAND
CHAPTER III Ideas Underlying the Public Health Laws of Baltimore 33
CHAPTER IV Evolution of the Public Health Laws 47
1 Baltimore Town
2 Baltimore City: The two fundamental ordinances of 1797, Ordinance
No 11 and subsequent amendments and additions dealing with the
organization of the health department and the duties and powers of
health officials, the reporting and isolation of cases of communicable
diseases within the city, quarantine of the port; Hospitals controlled
by the city and the registration of births and di2aths, and of physicians,
midwives, and undertakers; Ordinance No 15 and subsequent amend
ments and additions dealing with nuisances, namely: General sanita
tion on public domains—street cleaning, garbage, night-soil collection
and disposal, food control—-and sanitation on private domains—privies,
cesspools, night-soil, standing water, and decaying materials, cellars,
manufactories injurious to health, garbage, habitations, plumbing,
foods
3 State of Maryland: Contagious and infectious diseases; Vaccination;
Medical practice;! Registration and licensing of midwives; Pharma
cists; Nurses, plumbers, :undertakers, and barbers; Registration of
births and deaths; Lunacy commission; Child and mother labor laws;
General nuisances; Foods; Building inspection
; |!:;j ; ; •
PART III PUBLIC HEALTH ADMINISTRATION' OF BALTIMORE
' llllll ' ' • ;• 1 CHAPTER V Public Health Measures without the City 83
Development of quarantine laws and practices; Lazaretto and quarantine
hospitals of the Port of Baltimore; ,Effectiveness of,maritime quaran
tine ji J ' 'l
CHAPTER VI Public Health Administration!within the City iJi 97 i' )k ii i ''i * i1 • I 11 I Introduction: Developments and ;accomplishments! of public-health
practice in the nineteenth'jcentury ti'ascd jupcmj ideas anjd methods long
existent and determined jvtjry largely 'by 'the,more general diffusion of
knowledge and wealth among peoples'jof intellectual and personal free-
vigorous dom; Reasons fori Influence of modern micro-parasitology;
attacks on nuisances ratll'er than ori contactiye^ diseases
II Measures of nuisance prevention; j aitd4;j abatement j directed against
nuisance-borne diseases:!|||[ Definition||of nuisance;] Prevention and
abatement of nuisances]'jOn public jir^pertyj-yDredging andj filling;
Grading and paving; Street cleaning and garbage!removal; Sewerage;
Water; Food; Prevention and abatement!;;of nuisances on! J I • Organic material property—Standing water;
tions j; |||
III Measures of restriction directed against contagious diseases: Isolation,
inoculation, and disinfection (Tables 4 io 6 )1 ! 1,1
Manufactories]
private
habita-
VI CONTENTS
PAGE
CHAPTER VII The Administrative Officers and Subdivisions of the Health
Department 157
Commissioners of health; Vaccine physicians or health wardens; Division
of statistics; Plumbing division; Laboratories; Inspection of school
children; Nursing bureau; Bureau of communicable diseases;
Bureau of infant welfare; Miscellaneous services (Tables 7 and S )
PART IV POPULATION AND STATISTICAL DATA
CHAPTER VIII 173
1 Population: Rate of growth; Racial composition; Distribution by
numbers, sex, and race (Tables; 9 to 13, Graph 1 )
2 Natality: Living births; Still-births (Tables 10 to 15 and 124, 126, 132 )
CHAPTER IX Statistical Material : 191
Character; Sources; Uses; Methods
PART V FBBRILE DISEASES ;•
CHAPTER X Nuisance Diseases ' 199
1 Insect-borne diseases: Malaria; Yellow fever; Typhus fever (Tables
16 to 18, Graphs 2 to 4 ) 1
2 Acute inflammatory affections of the intestinal tract characterized by
frequent loose stools of abnormal composition; Diarrhoea; Dysentery;
Asiatic cholera; Typhoid fever (Tables 19 to 33, Graphs 5 to 10 )
CHAPTER XI Typically Contactive Diseases ! 275
1 Acute exanthematous diseases: Small-pox; Cow-pox; Chicken-pox;
Scarlet fever; Measles; Influenza (Tables 34 to 59, Graphs 11 to 16 )
2 Acute inflammatory affections of the respiratory tract: Whooping-cough;
Diphtheria; Pneumonia (Tables 60'to 77, Graphs 17 to 20 )
3 Tuberculosis (Tables 78 to 90, Graphs 21 to 26 )
CHAPTER XII Other Acute!Infectious Diseases, some apparently Contactive 418
Acute meningitis; Poliomyelitis; Tetanus and erysipelas; Appendicitis
(Tables 91 to 100 and 34, 128, 131 ) j
I
PART VI VARIOUS CHRONIC ORGANIC DISEASES
CHAPTER XIII Tumors (Tables 101 to 109, Graphs 27 to 29 ) 435
CHAPTER XIV Diseases of the Cardio-Vascular-Renal System (Tables 101, 110
to 116, Graphs 27 to 29 )! „ 454
CHAPTER XV Diseases of the Central Nervous System and Liver 469
Diabetes; Alcoholism (Tables 117 to 119 )
PART VII MISCELLANEOUS CAUSES OF DEATH
CHAPTER XVI Violence (Tables 120 to 123, Graphs 30 to 32 ) 479
CHAPTER XVII Child-birth (Tables 124 to 127, Graphs 33 to 34 ) 487
CHAPTER XVIII Ill-defined Causes 498
Diseases of early infancy; • Arthritis; Hernia and intestinal obstruction
(Tables 128 to 131 )
PART VIII GENERAL CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER XIX Deaths from All Causes (Tables 132 to 139, Graphs 35 to 41 ) 507
CHAPTER XX Summary and Conclusions 531
Febrile diseases; Affections peculiar to child-birth and to early infancy;
Violence; Chronic-organic diseases (Tables 140 and 141 )
BIBLIOGRAPHY : 563 |
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| spelling | Howard, William Travis Verfasser aut Public health administration and the natural history of disease in Baltimore, Maryland 1797 - 1920 by William Travis Howard Washington, DC Carnegie Institution 1924 txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Publication / Carnegie Institution of Washington 351 Public health administration Maryland Baltimore Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 351 (DE-604)BV035415500 351 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015758845&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Howard, William Travis Public health administration and the natural history of disease in Baltimore, Maryland 1797 - 1920 Public health administration Maryland Baltimore |
| title | Public health administration and the natural history of disease in Baltimore, Maryland 1797 - 1920 |
| title_auth | Public health administration and the natural history of disease in Baltimore, Maryland 1797 - 1920 |
| title_exact_search | Public health administration and the natural history of disease in Baltimore, Maryland 1797 - 1920 |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Public health administration and the natural history of disease in Baltimore, Maryland 1797 - 1920 |
| title_full | Public health administration and the natural history of disease in Baltimore, Maryland 1797 - 1920 by William Travis Howard |
| title_fullStr | Public health administration and the natural history of disease in Baltimore, Maryland 1797 - 1920 by William Travis Howard |
| title_full_unstemmed | Public health administration and the natural history of disease in Baltimore, Maryland 1797 - 1920 by William Travis Howard |
| title_short | Public health administration and the natural history of disease in Baltimore, Maryland |
| title_sort | public health administration and the natural history of disease in baltimore maryland 1797 1920 |
| title_sub | 1797 - 1920 |
| topic | Public health administration Maryland Baltimore |
| topic_facet | Public health administration Maryland Baltimore |
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