Effects of winds and of barometric pressures on the Great Lakes:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Washington
1922
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| Schriftenreihe: | Publication. Carnegie Institution of Washington
317 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | V, 133 S. |
Internformat
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Hayford, John Fillmore |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Effects of winds and of barometric pressures on the Great Lakes |c John Fillmore Hayford |
| 264 | 1 | |a Washington |c 1922 | |
| 300 | |a V, 133 S. | ||
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| 490 | 1 | |a Publication. Carnegie Institution of Washington |v 317 | |
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| 650 | 0 | |a Atmospheric pressure | |
| 650 | 0 | |a Meteorology / Great Lakes (North America) | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Atmospheric pressure | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Meteorology |z Great Lakes (North America) | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Winds | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | ; I
EFFECTS OF WlfilDS AND OF
BAROMETRIC PRESSURES
ON THE GREAT LAKES • r!:
BY
JOHN F HAYFORD
RESEARCH ASSOCIATE, CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OP WASHINGTON
Carnegie /Biiclie:
rppositumii
IGNATIUS COLLI
| i VALKENI IRG(L
PUBLISHED BY THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OP WASHINGTON
-J: - - JI J
* R WASHINGTON, OCTOBER, 1922! !
• CONTENTS:,
u_:_L j PAGES
General introduction ; 1-4
Data used and acknowledgments 4-5
Methods of this investigation 6-8
Outcome of the investigation 1 / 8-9
Order of presentation I; 9-10
Theoretical basis for barometric-tobservatiori equations 10-12
Barometric effects in terms of barometric pressures 12-15
Expression of barometric gradients V 15-16
Proportionality factors for barometric effects , 16-18
Form of observation equations for barometric effects 18-20
Lag in barometric effects 20-23
Values of Cw and Cn 23
Assumed uniform change in barometric gradient 23-24
Example of observation equations for barometric effect 24r-26
Barometric terms in observation equations 26-27
Corrected change of elevation, used in observation equations 28-29
Example of normal equations for1 barometric effects i 29-30
Example of substitution in observation equations for barometric effects 30-31
The five final solutions for barometric effects 31-32
Computation of hourly barometric effects 32-36
Computation of daily barometric effects 36-39
Theoretical basis for wind observation equations 39-40
Relation between depth and slope produced by wind 40-43
Derivation of 2* r : 43-44
Example of computation of 44r-48
Determination of position of nodal line 48-51
Positions of various nodal lines 51-52
Values of Si 52-54
The wind exponent 54^-55
Example of observation equations for wind effects 55-61
Examples of normal equations for wind effects 61
The four final wind solutions 61-63
Computation of wind effects , 63-64
Accuracy of computed barometric effects 64-65
The rejection rule 65-66
Rule for combining observation equations • 66-67
Discrepancies between pairs of values 67-69
Study of proportionality factors 69-72
Conclusions on accuracy of computed barometric, effects 72
Accuracy of computed wind effects j 72-77
Accuracy of corrected elevations of water surface 78-79
Mean elevations of Lake Erie 1 79-100
Observed and corrected daily elevations at Buffaloji I 80-83
Observed and corrected daily elevations at Cleveland tI 84-87
Observed and corrected daily elevations at Milwaukee , 1 :••••• 88-90
Observed and corrected daily elevations at Harbor Beach ; 91-93
Observed and corrected daily elevations at Mackinaw , 94-96
iii ! :
iv CONTENTS
PAGES
Observed and corrected elevations for the whole surface of Lake; Erie 97-100
Mean elevations of Lake Michigan-Huron ; 100-104
Observed and corrected elevations for the whole surface of Lake Michigan-
Huron 101-103
Explanations of plates 7 to 13 104^105
Accuracy as tested by graphs • 105-108
Monthly and seasonal mean elevations: 108
Probable errors and weights 108-113
Tides 113
Seiches 114
Seiches at Buffalo 114^116
Seiches at Cleveland 116-119
Seiches at Strait of Mackinac 119-120
Examples of seiches 120-123
Generalizations 123
As to barometric effects 123-124
As to wind effects i 124-125
As to seiches : 125-128
As to prevailing conditions on the Great Lakes 128-129
Possible applications of results of this investigation 129
Application to a study of laws of evaporation 129-130
Application to regulation of the Great Lakes 130-131
Application to determination of mean sea-level and to precise leveling 131-132
Application to determination of tilting of the Great Lakes region 133
i
|
| adam_txt |
; I
EFFECTS OF WlfilDS AND OF
BAROMETRIC PRESSURES
ON THE GREAT LAKES • '''r!:
BY
JOHN F HAYFORD
RESEARCH ASSOCIATE, CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OP WASHINGTON
Carnegie /Biiclie:
rppositumii
IGNATIUS COLLI
|'i VALKENI IRG(L
PUBLISHED BY THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OP WASHINGTON
-J: - - JI J
* R WASHINGTON, OCTOBER, 1922! !
• CONTENTS:,
u_:_L j' PAGES
General introduction ' ; 1-4
Data used and acknowledgments 4-5
Methods of this investigation 6-8
Outcome of the investigation 1 / 8-9
Order of presentation 'I; 9-10
Theoretical basis for barometric-tobservatiori equations 10-12
Barometric effects in terms of barometric pressures 12-15
Expression of barometric gradients ' V 15-16
Proportionality factors for barometric effects , 16-18
Form of observation equations for barometric effects 18-20
Lag in barometric effects 20-23
Values of Cw and Cn ' 23
Assumed uniform change in barometric gradient 23-24
Example of observation equations for barometric effect 24r-26
Barometric terms in observation equations 26-27
Corrected change of elevation, used in observation equations 28-29
Example of normal equations for1 barometric effects i 29-30
Example of substitution in observation equations for barometric effects 30-31
The five final solutions for barometric effects 31-32
Computation of hourly barometric effects 32-36
Computation of daily barometric effects 36-39
Theoretical basis'for wind observation equations 39-40
Relation between depth and slope produced by wind 40-43
Derivation of 2* r : 43-44
Example of computation of 44r-48
Determination of position of nodal line 48-51
Positions of various nodal lines 51-52
Values of Si 52-54
The wind exponent 54^-55
Example of observation equations for wind effects 55-61
Examples of normal equations for wind effects ' 61
The four final wind solutions ' 61-63
Computation of wind effects , 63-64
Accuracy of computed barometric effects 64-65
The rejection rule 65-66
Rule for combining observation equations • 66-67
Discrepancies between pairs of values 67-69
Study of proportionality factors 69-72
Conclusions on accuracy of computed barometric, effects 72
Accuracy of computed wind effects j 72-77
Accuracy of corrected elevations of water surface 78-79
Mean elevations of Lake Erie 1 79-100
Observed and corrected daily elevations at Buffaloji I 80-83
Observed and corrected daily elevations'at Cleveland 'tI 84-87
Observed and corrected daily elevations at Milwaukee , 1 :••••• 88-90
Observed and corrected daily elevations at Harbor Beach'; 91-93
Observed and corrected daily elevations at Mackinaw , 94-96
iii ! :
iv CONTENTS
PAGES
Observed and corrected elevations for the whole surface of Lake; Erie 97-100
Mean elevations of Lake Michigan-Huron ; 100-104
Observed and corrected elevations for the whole surface of Lake Michigan-
Huron 101-103
Explanations of plates 7 to 13 104^105
Accuracy as tested by graphs • 105-108
Monthly and seasonal mean elevations: 108
Probable errors and weights 108-113
Tides 113
Seiches 114
Seiches at Buffalo 114^116
Seiches at Cleveland 116-119
Seiches at Strait of Mackinac 119-120
Examples of seiches 120-123
Generalizations 123
As to barometric effects 123-124
As to wind effects i 124-125
As to seiches : 125-128
As to prevailing conditions on the Great Lakes 128-129
Possible applications of results of this investigation 129
Application to a study of laws of evaporation 129-130
Application to regulation of the Great Lakes 130-131
Application to determination of mean sea-level and to precise leveling 131-132
Application to determination of tilting of the Great Lakes region 133
i |
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| spelling | Hayford, John Fillmore Verfasser aut Effects of winds and of barometric pressures on the Great Lakes John Fillmore Hayford Washington 1922 V, 133 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Publication. Carnegie Institution of Washington 317 Winds Atmospheric pressure Meteorology / Great Lakes (North America) Meteorology Great Lakes (North America) Publication. Carnegie Institution of Washington 317 (DE-604)BV035415500 317 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015757949&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Hayford, John Fillmore Effects of winds and of barometric pressures on the Great Lakes Publication. Carnegie Institution of Washington Winds Atmospheric pressure Meteorology / Great Lakes (North America) Meteorology Great Lakes (North America) |
| title | Effects of winds and of barometric pressures on the Great Lakes |
| title_auth | Effects of winds and of barometric pressures on the Great Lakes |
| title_exact_search | Effects of winds and of barometric pressures on the Great Lakes |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Effects of winds and of barometric pressures on the Great Lakes |
| title_full | Effects of winds and of barometric pressures on the Great Lakes John Fillmore Hayford |
| title_fullStr | Effects of winds and of barometric pressures on the Great Lakes John Fillmore Hayford |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of winds and of barometric pressures on the Great Lakes John Fillmore Hayford |
| title_short | Effects of winds and of barometric pressures on the Great Lakes |
| title_sort | effects of winds and of barometric pressures on the great lakes |
| topic | Winds Atmospheric pressure Meteorology / Great Lakes (North America) Meteorology Great Lakes (North America) |
| topic_facet | Winds Atmospheric pressure Meteorology / Great Lakes (North America) Meteorology Great Lakes (North America) |
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