The osmotic pressure of aqueous solutions: Report on investigations made in the Chemical Laboratory of the John Hopkins University during the years 1899 - 1913
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Washington
Carnegie Institution of Washington
1914
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Carnegie Institution <Washington, DC>
198 |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | V, 222 S. |
Internformat
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Morse, Harmon N. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The osmotic pressure of aqueous solutions |b Report on investigations made in the Chemical Laboratory of the John Hopkins University during the years 1899 - 1913 |c by H. N. Morse |
| 264 | 1 | |a Washington |b Carnegie Institution of Washington |c 1914 | |
| 300 | |a V, 222 S. | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | THE
OSMOTIC PRESSURE OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
REPORT ON
INVESTIGATIONS MADE IN THE CHEMICAL LABORATORY
OF THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
DURING THE YEARS 1899-1913
BY H N MORSE
Professor of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry in the Johns Hopkins University
Carn egVlEH
Depositum i
®PSATIIJ83 OOLL©
PUBLISHED BY THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OF WASHINGTON
WASHINGTON, D C
CONTENTS
Chapter I Page
The cells and the manometer attachments 3
Treatment of the clays 0
First process 7
Second process 7
The formation of the cylinders 8
The cutting of the cells 11
The burning and glazing of the cells 12
The manometer attachments of the cells 17
Chapter II
The manometers 27
Purification of the mercury 28
Calibration of the manometers 28
First method 20
Second method 30
The meniscus 33
The uncalibrated portions of the manometers 37
Capillary depression 30
The filling of the manometer 45
Determination of the volume of the nitrogen 48
Chapter III
The regulation of temperature 51
Thermometer effects 51
The scheme for electrical regulation 57
The battery 50
The thermostat 50
The master relay 61
The minor relay 61
The bath for 0° 62
Baths for maintenance of temperature above zero 63
Type I 65
Type II 60
Type III 68
Type IV 71
Chapter IV
The membranes 77
The deposition of the membrane 82
Observations on the membrane 85
Temperature ofrdeposition 85
Treatment of the cell while in use 8
The soaking of the cell 87
Activity of the membrane 88
Deterioration of the membrane 91
Effect of the electrolytes 92
Semipermeability of membranes 92
Removal of the membrane 93
Infection of the membrane 94
Chapter V • i
The weight-normal system for solutions 97
Chapter VI • i|
Cane sugar Ill
Preliminary determinations of osmotic pressure Ill
Series 1 1 • 112
Series II 118
Series III , ; 12S
Series IV i 132
Series V 135
Series VI 130
Series VII 140
Series VIII 142
HI
IV CONTENTS
Chapter VII Page
Glucose 151
Preliminary determinations of osmotic pressure 151
Series 1 151
Series II 154
Series III 156
Chapter VIII
Cane sugar 159
Final determinations of osmotic pressure 159
Chapter IX
Glucose 1SS
Final determinations of osmotic pressure 1SS
Chapter X
Mannite 197
Determinations of osmotic pressure 197
Chapter XI
Electrolytes 209
Experiment 1 211
Experiments 212
Determinations of the osmotic pressure of lithium chloride 214
Chapter XII
Conclusion 221, 222
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
PLATES FACIN(,
Page
Plate 1 a, c, and e, thin sections taken from potters cells, b, d, and/, thin sections taken
from cells made in the laboratory 16
Plate 2 View of manometer house, cathetometer, arrangement for pressing clays, and
one style of rectangular bath 42
Plate 3 View of circular and rectangular laboratory baths in use 6S
Plate 4 Rectangular bath, end view 70
Plate 5 Rectangular bath, side view 72
TEXT FIGURES
Page
1 Steel press for clays Ball-bearing disk 8
2 Apparatus for pressing clays 10
3 Clay cylinder after pressing Clay cell after shaping the cylinder on the lathe 11
4 Different views of special tool for cutting cell from cylinder 12
5 Electric kiln for baking cells Inner and outer coverings for electric kiln 14
6 Electric kiln arranged as crucible furnace 14
7 First form of complete cell 19
8 Fang for introduction and removal of rubber stoppers IS
9 Second form of complete cell 19
10 Third form of complete cell 22
11 Fourth form of complete cell 22
12 Fifth form of complete cell; for use with substances which attack metals 23
13 Solid glass stopper for use with substances which attack metals 25
14 15 Glass manometer attachments for cells with straight necks 25
16 First arrangement for calibrating manometers 30
17 Second arrangement for calibrating manometers 31
18 Simplest form of manometer 32
19 Manometer for high pressure 32
20 Manometer with glass cone for cells with taper necks 36
21 Manometer with glass connection for cells with straight necks 3S
22 Steel block for determination of gas volumes in manometers, for comparison of
instruments, and for determination of capillary depression 40
23 Electric hammer for tapping manometers 41
24 Manometer house for calibration and comparison of instruments, etc 43
25 Improvement in cathetometers for the fine adjustment of the telescope, which also
serves as a substitute for the micrometer eye-piece 44
26 Arrangement for filling manometers with nitrogen 46
27 Brass block 49
28 Apparatus used in emptying, filling, and cleansing the uncalibrated portion of the
manometers 50
29 General scheme for the electric regulation of bath temperature 5S
30 The thermostat 60
31 Interior ice-bath for measurement of osmotic pressure at 0° 62
32 60-liter galvanized-iron bath for intermittent use 63
33 Coil of block-tin pipe for cooling or heating water before it enters the circulating system
within the bath 66
34 Rectangular bath for general laboratory use 67
35 36 Lower and upper halves of rectangular bath for measuring osmotic pressure 69
37 Hot-water circulating system with end of bath removed 70
38, 39 Brass and copper bath for high temperature work 72
40 Brass-copper bath for high temperatures 73
41 Exterior view of bath for high temperatures 74
42 View between interior and exterior baths, ie, of space filled with water 74
43 Automatic arrangements for maintaining temperature of upper door when open 75
44 Larger (elliptical) bath for high temperatures 75
45 Exterior view of larger bath for high temperatures 76
46 First bath employed for measurement of osmotic pressure 114
47 First bath in which water and air were circulated 119
48 Pumping arrangements on larger scale than in figure 47 120
49 Interior view of water compartment with covers partly removed 121
v
|
| adam_txt |
THE
OSMOTIC PRESSURE OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
REPORT ON
INVESTIGATIONS MADE IN THE CHEMICAL LABORATORY
OF THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
DURING THE YEARS 1899-1913
BY H N MORSE
Professor of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry in the Johns Hopkins University
Carn egVlEH
Depositum i
®PSATIIJ83 OOLL©
PUBLISHED BY THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OF WASHINGTON
WASHINGTON, D C
CONTENTS
Chapter I Page
The cells and the manometer attachments 3
Treatment of the clays 0
First process 7
Second process 7
The formation of the cylinders 8
The cutting of the cells 11
The burning and glazing of the cells 12
The manometer attachments of the cells 17
Chapter II
The manometers 27
Purification of the mercury 28
Calibration of the manometers 28
First method 20
Second method 30
The meniscus 33
The uncalibrated portions of the manometers 37
Capillary depression 30
The filling of the manometer 45
Determination of the volume of the nitrogen 48
Chapter III
The regulation of temperature 51
Thermometer effects 51
The scheme for electrical regulation 57
The battery 50
The thermostat 50
The master relay 61
The minor relay 61
The bath for 0° 62
Baths for maintenance of temperature above zero 63
Type I 65
Type II 60
Type III 68
Type IV 71
Chapter IV
The membranes 77
The deposition of the membrane 82
Observations on the membrane 85
Temperature ofrdeposition 85
Treatment of the cell while in use 8
The soaking of the cell 87
Activity of the membrane 88
Deterioration of the membrane 91
Effect of the electrolytes 92
Semipermeability of membranes 92
Removal of the membrane 93
Infection of the membrane 94
Chapter V • i'
The weight-normal system for solutions 97
Chapter VI • i|
Cane sugar Ill
Preliminary determinations of osmotic pressure Ill
Series 1 1 • 112
Series II 118
Series III , ; 12S
Series IV i 132
Series V 135
Series VI 130
Series VII 140
Series VIII 142
HI
IV CONTENTS
Chapter VII Page
Glucose 151
Preliminary determinations of osmotic pressure 151
Series 1 151
Series II 154
Series III 156
Chapter VIII
Cane sugar 159
Final determinations of osmotic pressure 159
Chapter IX
Glucose 1SS
Final determinations of osmotic pressure 1SS
Chapter X
Mannite 197
Determinations of osmotic pressure 197
Chapter XI
Electrolytes 209
Experiment 1 211
Experiments 212
Determinations of the osmotic pressure of lithium chloride 214
Chapter XII
Conclusion 221, 222
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
PLATES FACIN(,
Page
Plate 1 a, c, and e, thin sections taken from potters' cells, b, d, and/, thin sections taken
from cells made in the laboratory 16
Plate 2 View of manometer house, cathetometer, arrangement for pressing clays, and
one style of rectangular bath 42
Plate 3 View of circular and rectangular laboratory baths in use 6S
Plate 4 Rectangular bath, end view 70
Plate 5 Rectangular bath, side view 72
TEXT FIGURES
Page
1 Steel press for clays Ball-bearing disk 8
2 Apparatus for pressing clays 10
3 Clay cylinder after pressing Clay cell after shaping the cylinder on the lathe 11
4 Different views of special tool for cutting cell from cylinder 12
5 Electric kiln for baking cells Inner and outer coverings for electric kiln 14
6 Electric kiln arranged as crucible furnace 14
7 First form of complete cell 19
8 Fang for introduction and removal of rubber stoppers IS
9 Second form of complete cell 19
10 Third form of complete cell 22
11 Fourth form of complete cell 22
12 Fifth form of complete cell; for use with substances which attack metals 23
13 Solid glass stopper for use with substances which attack metals 25
14 15 Glass manometer attachments for cells with straight necks 25
16 First arrangement for calibrating manometers 30
17 Second arrangement for calibrating manometers 31
18 Simplest form of manometer 32
19 Manometer for high pressure 32
20 Manometer with glass cone for cells with taper necks 36
21 Manometer with glass connection for cells with straight necks 3S
22 Steel block for determination of gas volumes in manometers, for comparison of
instruments, and for determination of capillary depression 40
23 Electric hammer for tapping manometers 41
24 Manometer house for calibration and comparison of instruments, etc 43
25 Improvement in cathetometers for the fine adjustment of the telescope, which also
serves as a substitute for the micrometer eye-piece 44
26 Arrangement for filling manometers with nitrogen 46
27 Brass block 49
28 Apparatus used in emptying, filling, and cleansing the uncalibrated portion of the
manometers 50
29 General scheme for the electric regulation of bath temperature 5S
30 The thermostat 60
31 Interior ice-bath for measurement of osmotic pressure at 0° 62
32 60-liter galvanized-iron bath for intermittent use 63
33 Coil of block-tin pipe for cooling or heating water before it enters the circulating system
within the bath 66
34 Rectangular bath for general laboratory use 67
35 36 Lower and upper halves of rectangular bath for measuring osmotic pressure 69
37 Hot-water circulating system with end of bath removed 70
38, 39 Brass and copper bath for high temperature work 72
40 Brass-copper bath for high temperatures 73
41 Exterior view of bath for high temperatures 74
42 View between interior and exterior baths, ie, of space filled with water 74
43 Automatic arrangements for maintaining temperature of upper door when open 75
44 Larger (elliptical) bath for high temperatures 75
45 Exterior view of larger bath for high temperatures 76
46 First bath employed for measurement of osmotic pressure 114
47 First bath in which water and air were circulated 119
48 Pumping arrangements on larger scale than in figure 47 120
49 Interior view of water compartment with covers partly removed 121
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| spelling | Morse, Harmon N. Verfasser aut The osmotic pressure of aqueous solutions Report on investigations made in the Chemical Laboratory of the John Hopkins University during the years 1899 - 1913 by H. N. Morse Washington Carnegie Institution of Washington 1914 V, 222 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Publication 198 Carnegie Institution <Washington, DC> Publication 198 (DE-604)BV035415500 198 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015756598&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Morse, Harmon N. The osmotic pressure of aqueous solutions Report on investigations made in the Chemical Laboratory of the John Hopkins University during the years 1899 - 1913 Carnegie Institution <Washington, DC> |
| title | The osmotic pressure of aqueous solutions Report on investigations made in the Chemical Laboratory of the John Hopkins University during the years 1899 - 1913 |
| title_auth | The osmotic pressure of aqueous solutions Report on investigations made in the Chemical Laboratory of the John Hopkins University during the years 1899 - 1913 |
| title_exact_search | The osmotic pressure of aqueous solutions Report on investigations made in the Chemical Laboratory of the John Hopkins University during the years 1899 - 1913 |
| title_exact_search_txtP | The osmotic pressure of aqueous solutions Report on investigations made in the Chemical Laboratory of the John Hopkins University during the years 1899 - 1913 |
| title_full | The osmotic pressure of aqueous solutions Report on investigations made in the Chemical Laboratory of the John Hopkins University during the years 1899 - 1913 by H. N. Morse |
| title_fullStr | The osmotic pressure of aqueous solutions Report on investigations made in the Chemical Laboratory of the John Hopkins University during the years 1899 - 1913 by H. N. Morse |
| title_full_unstemmed | The osmotic pressure of aqueous solutions Report on investigations made in the Chemical Laboratory of the John Hopkins University during the years 1899 - 1913 by H. N. Morse |
| title_short | The osmotic pressure of aqueous solutions |
| title_sort | the osmotic pressure of aqueous solutions report on investigations made in the chemical laboratory of the john hopkins university during the years 1899 1913 |
| title_sub | Report on investigations made in the Chemical Laboratory of the John Hopkins University during the years 1899 - 1913 |
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