Estoppel by conduct and election:
Explaining the general principles, this title considers estoppel under common law and in equity. It examines the different relationships in which estoppel can arise, such as contract law, property law, torts, restitution and family law cases. Covering different types of estoppel (estoppel by represe...
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
---|---|
Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
London
Sweet & Maxwell
2006
|
Schriftenreihe: | The contract law library
|
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Zusammenfassung: | Explaining the general principles, this title considers estoppel under common law and in equity. It examines the different relationships in which estoppel can arise, such as contract law, property law, torts, restitution and family law cases. Covering different types of estoppel (estoppel by representation and convention, proprietary estoppel, promissory estoppel and election) the book also illustrates how estoppel works through in-depth analysis of case law. It also deals with procedural matters and shows how estoppel can be used so you can ensure the best result for clients. |
Beschreibung: | lVII, 325 S. 24 cm |
ISBN: | 9780421912106 0421912103 |
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264 | 1 | |a London |b Sweet & Maxwell |c 2006 | |
300 | |a lVII, 325 S. |c 24 cm | ||
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490 | 0 | |a The contract law library | |
520 | 3 | |a Explaining the general principles, this title considers estoppel under common law and in equity. It examines the different relationships in which estoppel can arise, such as contract law, property law, torts, restitution and family law cases. Covering different types of estoppel (estoppel by representation and convention, proprietary estoppel, promissory estoppel and election) the book also illustrates how estoppel works through in-depth analysis of case law. It also deals with procedural matters and shows how estoppel can be used so you can ensure the best result for clients. | |
650 | 4 | |a Estoppel |z England | |
650 | 4 | |a Contracts |z England | |
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999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-015659131 |
Datensatz im Suchindex
_version_ | 1804136530883641344 |
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adam_text | CONTENTS
Foreword
Preface
Table of Cases
Table of Statutes
Chapter
Introduction
Common law estoppel
Equitable estoppel
Development of estoppel by representation
Estoppel by representation
The elements of estoppel by representation
Causation
Detrimental change of position
Estoppel by representation: evidentiary or substantive
Equitable estoppel creates rights
Estoppel by representation in conflict of laws
Focus of estoppel by representation on
Représenter
Rationale of estoppel by representation
Estoppel by representation part of the law of misrepresentation
Estoppel by representation resolves conflicting versions of fact
Election between estoppel and truth
Court has no discretion and estoppel cannot be bought out
Effect of estoppel by representation on title
Estoppel by another name
Introduction of unconscionability
No single overarching principle
Judicial activism: negligence and estoppel
Estoppel in public law
Estoppel in other systems
ix
Contents
Chapter
Representations
Introduction
Statement of fact
Statement of intention
Statement of opinion or belief
Promise or statement as to the future may imply representation of
existing fact
Justification of distinction
Dextra
Statement as to the future cannot support useful estoppel
Statement of law
Statement of mixed fact and law
Statement of law as opinion
Representation by exercise or assertion of rights
Waiver of contractual term
Waiver based on estoppel
Waiver of contractual notice
Acceptance of invalid notice
Anticipatory breach
Chapter
Communication
Introduction
Communication essential
Communication by word
Communication by physical objects or structures
Communication by conduct
Communication by silence
Implied communication in direct dealings
Estoppel by negligence in breach of duty to speak
Duty of owner to speak
Landlords have no general duty to speak
Duty to correct known mistake
Duty to speak where representation continues
Duty of customer to bank
No general duty to public to speak
Silence where no duty to speak
Failure to answer enquiry
Mistake in signing documents:
Mere facilitation does not create duty
Bailment, custody, or access do not create duty
Limited authority creates duty
Contents
Chapter
Construction of Representations
Construction: law and fact
The representation must be unambiguous
Representation implied from silence
When ambiguity a badge of fraud
Complex or qualified representation
Representation partly express and partly implied
Oral representation
Chapter
Causation: Inducement, Change of Position and Detriment
Introduction
Intention of representor
Intention determined objectively
Estoppels that fail on intention grounds
Representee s
Reliance
Inducement
Materiality
Change of position
Change of position must be substantial
Inaction as change of position
Relevant detriment
Detriment must be material
Onus of proof
Proof of inducement
Receipts do not normally support estoppel
Receipts supporting estoppels
Bills of lading supporting estoppels
Invoices supporting estoppels
Delivery orders
Bank statements
Money paid by mistake: estoppel and change of position
Avon CC
Limits on defence of estoppel
Defence of change of position
Estoppel available pro
Miscellaneous changes of position
Chapter
Parties to an Estoppel
The
Representations to the public
Privies of
Indorsee of bill of lading not bound by estoppel of shipper
xi
Contents
The
The Crown as représenter
Vicarious liability
Privies of
Persons acting in more than one capacity
Minors
Death or unsoundness of mind
Chapter
Estoppel by Deed
History
Estoppel by deed
Extent of estoppel
Feeding the estoppel 111
Estoppel against disputing validity of grant 111
Limits on such estoppel
Grantor not estopped on other questions
Deed poll
Chapter
Estoppel by Convention
Introduction
Development of estoppel by convention
Contractual convention
Texas Bank
Later developments
Johnson
Detriment in estoppel by convention
Legal limits of estoppel by convention
Convention depends on communication
Factual limits
Assumption of fact or law
Origin of mistake irrelevant
Scope of estoppel
Termination of convention
Illegality
Texas Bank and the irrelevance of unconscionability
Texas Bank in the Court of Appeal
Subsequent developments with unconscionability
No decision that unconscionability essential
Convention in statutory instrument
File wrapper estoppel in patent law
xu
Contents
Chapter
Estoppels in Relationships
I. Principal and Agent
Introduction
Holding out as agent
Holding out by conduct
Ostensible authority
Holding out by agent
Holding out as principal
Partnership
Continuing representations
II. Miscellaneous
III. Landlord and Tenant
Introduction
Estoppel by payment of rent
Attornment
Acts of landlord
Parties entitled to and bound by the estoppel
Limits of estoppel
Eviction by title paramount
Feeding the estoppel
The rule in equity
Other applications of feeding the estoppel
The mortgage cases
Surrender by operation of law
Change of landlord or tenant
IV. Bailor and Bailee
Estoppels between bailor and bailee
Goods in bulk
Sale of Goods Act
Limits of the estoppel
V. Licensees of Intellectual Property
Estoppels between licensor and licensee
Assignment
Exclusive licence
Limits of the estoppel
VI. Trusts
Possession under trust
VII.
Customer not estopped by bank statements
Chapter
Estoppels in Transactions
I. Corporate Transactions
Share certificates etc
Position of original allottee
Companies Act
xiii
Contents
Change
Certification of transfer
Transfers of shares
Representations as to the validity of company securities
II. Other Estoppels
III. Insurance
Marine: constructive total loss
Marine: valued policy
Marine: other estoppels
Other insurance
IV. Insolvency
Chapter
Proprietary Estoppel
Introduction
Estoppel by standing by
Estoppel by encouragement
Proprietary estoppels are equitable causes of action
Estoppels by standing by
Estoppel by standing by between landlord and tenant
Estoppel by standing by compared with estoppel by representation
Estoppel by standing by based on equitable fraud
Basis of estoppel by encouragement
Estoppel by encouragement not based on implied contract
Taylors Fashions
Two kinds of acquiescence
Estoppels by encouragement in domestic or personal relationships
Grant
Re Basham
Lloyds Bank
The
Need for broad approach
Hong Kong Land: negotiations subject to contract
Waltons Stores
Waltons Stores: estoppel by encouragement and the equities of the
owners
Gillett
encouragement
Limits of estoppel by encouragement
Scope of relief
Availability of personal remedy
Effect on successors in title
The encouragement principle applies to other property
Conclusion
xiv
Contents
Chapter
quasi-estoppel
Consent
Defence of consent of general application
Evans
Spellson
Trustee not entitled to put beneficiary to election
Acquiescence as equitable defence
Chapter
Promissory Estoppel
Introduction
Hughes
Birmingham Land
Promissory estoppel not inconsistent with
Early developments
Promissory estoppel an equitable cause of action
Promissory estoppel defensive
The nature of the promise
Knowledge of rights
Estoppel not restricted to contractual rights
Rights need not pre-exist
Intention to affect legal relations
Change of position and detriment
Causation
He who seeks equity must do equity
Finality of promissory estoppel
Confusion with estoppel by encouragement
Promissory estoppels and the direct enforcement of gratuitous
promises
Can promissory estoppel answer a legal defence?
Critique of promissory estoppel as answer to defence
Promissory estoppel cannot create or revive another cause of action
Waltons Stores
Waltons Stores: promissory estoppel overextended
Föran v
Promissory estoppel not extended
Effect on successors
Chapter
Election
Introduction
Election between inconsistent rights
Equitable election
Confusion between different types of election
Waiver involves election
xv
Contents
Election
Election final
Knowledge of the facts
Extent of knowledge (election to affirm existing rights)
Extent of knowledge (election to create new rights)
Multiple grounds for election
Elector s knowledge may make conduct unequivocal
Imputed election: Peyman
Imputed election: onus of proof
Kendall
Kendall
Peyman
Young
Other line of authority
Australian authority
Imputed election does not require knowledge of the power
Voidable transactions
Forfeiture of leases
Anticipatory breach
Other examples
Communication
Communication: election to create new rights
Communication: election to affirm existing rights
Delay
Alternative rights against different persons
Choice where rights not inconsistent
Election between remedies
Election in procedure
Chapter
Estoppels and Election in Proceedings
Introduction
259
Legal proceedings as election between inconsistent rights
259
Election where claimant has alternative and inconsistent rights against
different defendants
260
Election at trial subject to appeal
260
Service
261
Arbitration
262
Scott
263
Judge as arbitrator
263
Judge-Arbitrator decisions depend on estoppel
264
Conduct of arbitrations
264
Jurisdiction
265
Estoppels, time bars and other statutory defences
266
Other cases
267
Ocean carrier cases
268
Estoppel against other defences
270
Representations in proceedings
271
XVI
Contents
Pleadings
Amendment of pleadings
Amendments barred by prejudice
Elections during proceedings
Verwayen
Interlocutory proceedings
Kammins
Estoppels, elections and judicial discretions
Waiver of legal professional privilege
Trial
Litigant bound by conduct at trial
Relief governed by pleadings
Exceptions
Disqualification of tribunal
Appeal
Substantive estoppels and elections
Chapter
Affirmative Answers
Introduction
Representee s
Proof of knowledge
Knowledge of agent
Wilful blindness
Outsiders dealing with companies
Withdrawal of representation
Compulsion
Fraud, misrepresentation or non-disclosure of
Reasonable reliance
Cross estoppels, election and contract
Breach of duty
Public policy (statute and general law)
Public policy (private law)
Estoppel where contracting out permitted
No estoppel as to jurisdiction
Nullity of marriage
Bankruptcy
Bills of sale
Public policy (public law)
Chapter
Practice and Procedure
The Civil Procedure Rules
Pleading generally
Pleading estoppel by representation or convention
Pleading resjudicata under the former procedures
Pleading estoppel by deed
xvii
Contents
Pleading estoppel by representation under the former procedure
Position under CPR
Pleading promissory or proprietary estoppel
Amendment
Raising estoppel on appeal
Index
XVHl
|
adam_txt |
CONTENTS
Foreword
Preface
Table of Cases
Table of Statutes
Chapter
Introduction
Common law estoppel
Equitable estoppel
Development of estoppel by representation
Estoppel by representation
The elements of estoppel by representation
Causation
Detrimental change of position
Estoppel by representation: evidentiary or substantive
Equitable estoppel creates rights
Estoppel by representation in conflict of laws
Focus of estoppel by representation on
Représenter
Rationale of estoppel by representation
Estoppel by representation part of the law of misrepresentation
Estoppel by representation resolves conflicting versions of fact
Election between estoppel and truth
Court has no discretion and estoppel cannot be bought out
Effect of estoppel by representation on title
Estoppel by another name
Introduction of unconscionability
No single overarching principle
Judicial activism: negligence and estoppel
Estoppel in public law
Estoppel in other systems
ix
Contents
Chapter
Representations
Introduction
Statement of fact
Statement of intention
Statement of opinion or belief
Promise or statement as to the future may imply representation of
existing fact
Justification of distinction
Dextra
Statement as to the future cannot support useful estoppel
Statement of law
Statement of mixed fact and law
Statement of law as opinion
Representation by exercise or assertion of rights
Waiver of contractual term
Waiver based on estoppel
Waiver of contractual notice
Acceptance of invalid notice
Anticipatory breach
Chapter
Communication
Introduction
Communication essential
Communication by word
Communication by physical objects or structures
Communication by conduct
Communication by silence
Implied communication in direct dealings
Estoppel by negligence in breach of duty to speak
Duty of owner to speak
Landlords have no general duty to speak
Duty to correct known mistake
Duty to speak where representation continues
Duty of customer to bank
No general duty to public to speak
Silence where no duty to speak
Failure to answer enquiry
Mistake in signing documents:
Mere facilitation does not create duty
Bailment, custody, or access do not create duty
Limited authority creates duty
Contents
Chapter
Construction of Representations
Construction: law and fact
The representation must be unambiguous
Representation implied from silence
When ambiguity a badge of fraud
Complex or qualified representation
Representation partly express and partly implied
Oral representation
Chapter
Causation: Inducement, Change of Position and Detriment
Introduction
Intention of representor
Intention determined objectively
Estoppels that fail on intention grounds
Representee's
Reliance
Inducement
Materiality
Change of position
Change of position must be substantial
Inaction as change of position
Relevant detriment
Detriment must be material
Onus of proof
Proof of inducement
Receipts do not normally support estoppel
Receipts supporting estoppels
Bills of lading supporting estoppels
Invoices supporting estoppels
Delivery orders
Bank statements
Money paid by mistake: estoppel and change of position
Avon CC
Limits on defence of estoppel
Defence of change of position
Estoppel available pro
Miscellaneous changes of position
Chapter
Parties to an Estoppel
The
Representations to the public
Privies of
Indorsee of bill of lading not bound by estoppel of shipper
xi
Contents
The
The Crown as représenter
Vicarious liability
Privies of
Persons acting in more than one capacity
Minors
Death or unsoundness of mind
Chapter
Estoppel by Deed
History
Estoppel by deed
Extent of estoppel
Feeding the estoppel 111
Estoppel against disputing validity of grant 111
Limits on such estoppel
Grantor not estopped on other questions
Deed poll
Chapter
Estoppel by Convention
Introduction
Development of estoppel by convention
Contractual convention
Texas Bank
Later developments
Johnson
Detriment in estoppel by convention
Legal limits of estoppel by convention
Convention depends on communication
Factual limits
Assumption of fact or law
Origin of mistake irrelevant
Scope of estoppel
Termination of convention
Illegality
Texas Bank and the irrelevance of unconscionability
Texas Bank in the Court of Appeal
Subsequent developments with unconscionability
No decision that unconscionability essential
Convention in statutory instrument
File wrapper estoppel in patent law
xu
Contents
Chapter
Estoppels in Relationships
I. Principal and Agent
Introduction
Holding out as agent
Holding out by conduct
Ostensible authority
Holding out by agent
Holding out as principal
Partnership
Continuing representations
II. Miscellaneous
III. Landlord and Tenant
Introduction
Estoppel by payment of rent
Attornment
Acts of landlord
Parties entitled to and bound by the estoppel
Limits of estoppel
Eviction by title paramount
Feeding the estoppel
The rule in equity
Other applications of feeding the estoppel
The mortgage cases
Surrender by operation of law
Change of landlord or tenant
IV. Bailor and Bailee
Estoppels between bailor and bailee
Goods in bulk
Sale of Goods Act
Limits of the estoppel
V. Licensees of Intellectual Property
Estoppels between licensor and licensee
Assignment
Exclusive licence
Limits of the estoppel
VI. Trusts
Possession under trust
VII.
Customer not estopped by bank statements
Chapter
Estoppels in Transactions
I. Corporate Transactions
Share certificates etc
Position of original allottee
Companies Act
xiii
Contents
Change
Certification of transfer
Transfers of shares
Representations as to the validity of company securities
II. Other Estoppels
III. Insurance
Marine: constructive total loss
Marine: valued policy
Marine: other estoppels
Other insurance
IV. Insolvency
Chapter
Proprietary Estoppel
Introduction
Estoppel by standing by
Estoppel by encouragement
Proprietary estoppels are equitable causes of action
Estoppels by standing by
Estoppel by standing by between landlord and tenant
Estoppel by standing by compared with estoppel by representation
Estoppel by standing by based on equitable fraud
Basis of estoppel by encouragement
Estoppel by encouragement not based on implied contract
Taylors Fashions
Two kinds of acquiescence
Estoppels by encouragement in domestic or personal relationships
Grant
Re Basham
Lloyds Bank
The
Need for broad approach
Hong Kong Land: negotiations subject to contract
Waltons Stores
Waltons Stores: estoppel by encouragement and the equities of the
owners
Gillett
encouragement
Limits of estoppel by encouragement
Scope of relief
Availability of personal remedy
Effect on successors in title
The encouragement principle applies to other property
Conclusion
xiv
Contents
Chapter
quasi-estoppel
Consent
Defence of consent of general application
Evans
Spellson
Trustee not entitled to put beneficiary to election
Acquiescence as equitable defence
Chapter
Promissory Estoppel
Introduction
Hughes
Birmingham Land
Promissory estoppel not inconsistent with
Early developments
Promissory estoppel an equitable cause of action
Promissory estoppel defensive
The nature of the promise
Knowledge of rights
Estoppel not restricted to contractual rights
Rights need not pre-exist
Intention to affect legal relations
Change of position and detriment
Causation
He who seeks equity must do equity
Finality of promissory estoppel
Confusion with estoppel by encouragement
Promissory estoppels and the direct enforcement of gratuitous
promises
Can promissory estoppel answer a legal defence?
Critique of promissory estoppel as answer to defence
Promissory estoppel cannot create or revive another cause of action
Waltons Stores
Waltons Stores: promissory estoppel overextended
Föran v
Promissory estoppel not extended
Effect on successors
Chapter
Election
Introduction
Election between inconsistent rights
Equitable election
Confusion between different types of election
Waiver involves election
xv
Contents
Election
Election final
Knowledge of the facts
Extent of knowledge (election to affirm existing rights)
Extent of knowledge (election to create new rights)
Multiple grounds for election
Elector's knowledge may make conduct unequivocal
Imputed election: Peyman
Imputed election: onus of proof
Kendall
Kendall
Peyman
Young
Other line of authority
Australian authority
Imputed election does not require knowledge of the power
Voidable transactions
Forfeiture of leases
Anticipatory breach
Other examples
Communication
Communication: election to create new rights
Communication: election to affirm existing rights
Delay
Alternative rights against different persons
Choice where rights not inconsistent
Election between remedies
Election in procedure
Chapter
Estoppels and Election in Proceedings
Introduction
259
Legal proceedings as election between inconsistent rights
259
Election where claimant has alternative and inconsistent rights against
different defendants
260
Election at trial subject to appeal
260
Service
261
Arbitration
262
Scott
263
Judge as arbitrator
263
Judge-Arbitrator decisions depend on estoppel
264
Conduct of arbitrations
264
Jurisdiction
265
Estoppels, time bars and other statutory defences
266
Other cases
267
Ocean carrier cases
268
Estoppel against other defences
270
Representations in proceedings
271
XVI
Contents
Pleadings
Amendment of pleadings
Amendments barred by prejudice
Elections during proceedings
Verwayen
Interlocutory proceedings
Kammins
Estoppels, elections and judicial discretions
Waiver of legal professional privilege
Trial
Litigant bound by conduct at trial
Relief governed by pleadings
Exceptions
Disqualification of tribunal
Appeal
Substantive estoppels and elections
Chapter
Affirmative Answers
Introduction
Representee's
Proof of knowledge
Knowledge of agent
Wilful blindness
Outsiders dealing with companies
Withdrawal of representation
Compulsion
Fraud, misrepresentation or non-disclosure of
Reasonable reliance
Cross estoppels, election and contract
Breach of duty
Public policy (statute and general law)
Public policy (private law)
Estoppel where contracting out permitted
No estoppel as to jurisdiction
Nullity of marriage
Bankruptcy
Bills of sale
Public policy (public law)
Chapter
Practice and Procedure
The Civil Procedure Rules
Pleading generally
Pleading estoppel by representation or convention
Pleading resjudicata under the former procedures
Pleading estoppel by deed
xvii
Contents
Pleading estoppel by representation under the former procedure
Position under CPR
Pleading promissory or proprietary estoppel
Amendment
Raising estoppel on appeal
Index
XVHl |
any_adam_object | 1 |
any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
author | Handley, Kenneth R. |
author_facet | Handley, Kenneth R. |
author_role | aut |
author_sort | Handley, Kenneth R. |
author_variant | k r h kr krh |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV022451273 |
callnumber-first | K - Law |
callnumber-label | KD703 |
callnumber-raw | KD703.E7 |
callnumber-search | KD703.E7 |
callnumber-sort | KD 3703 E7 |
callnumber-subject | KD - United Kingdom and Ireland |
classification_rvk | PU 4343 |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)72142671 (DE-599)BVBBV022451273 |
dewey-full | 346.4102 346.4202 |
dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
dewey-ones | 346 - Private law |
dewey-raw | 346.4102 346.4202 |
dewey-search | 346.4102 346.4202 |
dewey-sort | 3346.4102 |
dewey-tens | 340 - Law |
discipline | Rechtswissenschaft |
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id | DE-604.BV022451273 |
illustrated | Not Illustrated |
index_date | 2024-07-02T17:36:32Z |
indexdate | 2024-07-09T20:57:52Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 9780421912106 0421912103 |
language | English |
lccn | 2007360797 |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-015659131 |
oclc_num | 72142671 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
owner_facet | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
physical | lVII, 325 S. 24 cm |
publishDate | 2006 |
publishDateSearch | 2006 |
publishDateSort | 2006 |
publisher | Sweet & Maxwell |
record_format | marc |
series2 | The contract law library |
spelling | Handley, Kenneth R. Verfasser aut Estoppel by conduct and election by K. R. Handley London Sweet & Maxwell 2006 lVII, 325 S. 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier The contract law library Explaining the general principles, this title considers estoppel under common law and in equity. It examines the different relationships in which estoppel can arise, such as contract law, property law, torts, restitution and family law cases. Covering different types of estoppel (estoppel by representation and convention, proprietary estoppel, promissory estoppel and election) the book also illustrates how estoppel works through in-depth analysis of case law. It also deals with procedural matters and shows how estoppel can be used so you can ensure the best result for clients. Estoppel England Contracts England Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015659131&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Handley, Kenneth R. Estoppel by conduct and election Estoppel England Contracts England |
title | Estoppel by conduct and election |
title_auth | Estoppel by conduct and election |
title_exact_search | Estoppel by conduct and election |
title_exact_search_txtP | Estoppel by conduct and election |
title_full | Estoppel by conduct and election by K. R. Handley |
title_fullStr | Estoppel by conduct and election by K. R. Handley |
title_full_unstemmed | Estoppel by conduct and election by K. R. Handley |
title_short | Estoppel by conduct and election |
title_sort | estoppel by conduct and election |
topic | Estoppel England Contracts England |
topic_facet | Estoppel England Contracts England |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015659131&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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