Iraq: people, history, politics
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge
Polity Press
2007
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Hot spots in global politics
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 262 S. Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0745632262 0745632270 9780745632261 9780745632278 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV022425111 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20221108 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 070515s2007 b||| |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 015 | |a GBA696365 |2 dnb | ||
| 020 | |a 0745632262 |c (hbk.) |9 0-7456-3226-2 | ||
| 020 | |a 0745632270 |c (pbk) |9 0-7456-3227-0 | ||
| 020 | |a 9780745632261 |9 978-0-7456-3226-1 | ||
| 020 | |a 9780745632278 |9 978-0-7456-3227-8 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)76362528 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)HBZHT015016311 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e aacr | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 049 | |a DE-12 |a DE-355 |a DE-188 | ||
| 050 | 0 | |a DS79.7 | |
| 084 | |a MH 72030 |0 (DE-625)122913:12037 |2 rvk | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Stansfield, Gareth R. V. |d 1973- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)143310984 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Iraq |b people, history, politics |c Gareth Stansfield |
| 250 | |a 1. publ. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Cambridge |b Polity Press |c 2007 | |
| 300 | |a XV, 262 S. |b Kt. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a Hot spots in global politics | |
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1918-2015 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1918-2006 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Golfoorlog (2003) |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Politieke ontwikkeling |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Politik | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Politik |0 (DE-588)4046514-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Politisches System |0 (DE-588)4046584-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 7 | |a Irak |2 gtt | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Irak | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Iraq |x Politics and government |y 1991-2003 | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Iraq |x Politics and government |y 2003- | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Irak |0 (DE-588)4072920-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Irak |0 (DE-588)4072920-5 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Politik |0 (DE-588)4046514-7 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Geschichte |A z |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 689 | 1 | 0 | |a Irak |0 (DE-588)4072920-5 |D g |
| 689 | 1 | 1 | |a Politik |0 (DE-588)4046514-7 |D s |
| 689 | 1 | 2 | |a Politisches System |0 (DE-588)4046584-6 |D s |
| 689 | 1 | 3 | |a Geschichte 1918-2006 |A z |
| 689 | 1 | |5 DE-188 | |
| 689 | 2 | 0 | |a Irak |0 (DE-588)4072920-5 |D g |
| 689 | 2 | 1 | |a Geschichte 1918-2015 |A z |
| 689 | 2 | |8 1\p |5 DE-604 | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung UB Regensburg |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015633378&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-015633378 | ||
| 883 | 1 | |8 1\p |a cgwrk |d 20201028 |q DE-101 |u https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk | |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 900 |e 22/bsb |g 5 |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804136495754248192 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Acknowledgements
ix
List of Abbreviations and Glossary
xi
Map
xvi
Introduction: Artificiality, Identity, Dictatorship
and State-Building
1
Four Key Debates
2
Analytical Theme
4
Book Outline
б
1
Legacies of Civilizations and Empires
10
Ancient Civilizations
11
The Islamic Conquest
17
The Arrival of the Ottoman Empire
23
2
State Formation, Monarchy and Mandate,
1918-1932 26
The Artificiality Debate
26
The Decline and Fall of the Ottoman Empire
30
Planning the Carve-Up
33
Occupation and Uprising
36
The Cairo Conference
43
The New State and Enduring Pathologies
46
The End of the Mandate
49
VI
CONTENTS
3
Conceptualizîng
Political Mobilization in Iraq
51
The Identity Debate
52
Nationalism
55
The Sunni-Shi i Divide
57
The Kurds
62
Turkmens
and Assyrians
70
Identity and the State
74
4
From Authoritarian to Totalitarian State,
1958-1979 75
The Dictator Debate
76
The Military in Political Life
81
The Role of the Military and the Communalization of
Political Life
85
The Intensification of Anti-Imperialist Sentiment
88
Towards Totalitarianism
92
The Totalitarian State
96
5
Iraq at War,
1979-1989 99
History of Iran-Iraq Relations
100
The Kurdish War
103
The Decline into War with Iran
106
Iraq Advances
109
Iran Counterattacks
111
The Kurdish Threat
112
The Tanker War
116
The Political and Economic Impact on Iraq
118
Towards Kuwait
120
6
The Pariah State,
1989-2003 123
Towards War
124
The Invasion of Kuwait
126
Operation Desert Storm
128
The Uprisings
131
The Coalescing of Opposition Movements
136
Sanctions on Iraq
138
The Arrival of the Inspectors
141
Defection
143
The Failed Coups
143
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CONTENTS VÜ
The Opposition Defeated and Kurdistan Divided
147
Oil for Food
148
Sanctions Busting
150
Hide-and-Seek with
UNSCOM 151
Towards Invasion
154
State and Society on the Eve of the Invasion of Iraq
156
7
Regime Change,
2003- 159
The State-Building and Democratization Debate
160
Operation Iraqi Freedom
163
The Chaotic Devolution of Political Authority
165
The Coalition Provisional Authority and the Iraqi
Governing Council
167
The Transitional Administrative Law
173
The Iraqi Interim Government
175
Shi i Rebellion and
Sunni
Insurgencies
176
January
2005
Elections
182
Constitutional Negotiations
184
The Referendum
185
December
2005
Elections
187
Staring into the Abyss
189
Conclusion: The Passing of Thresholds?
192
Making Sense of the Debates
192
The Government of
Nouri al-Maliki
199
The Passing of Thresholds
202
Epilogue
205
Notes
209
Chronology
221
Internet Links
229
Bibliography
232
Index
249
|
| adam_txt |
Contents
Acknowledgements
ix
List of Abbreviations and Glossary
xi
Map
xvi
Introduction: Artificiality, Identity, Dictatorship
and State-Building
1
Four Key Debates
2
Analytical Theme
4
Book Outline
б
1
Legacies of Civilizations and Empires
10
Ancient Civilizations
11
The Islamic Conquest
17
The Arrival of the Ottoman Empire
23
2
State Formation, Monarchy and Mandate,
1918-1932 26
The Artificiality Debate
26
The Decline and Fall of the Ottoman Empire
30
Planning the Carve-Up
33
Occupation and Uprising
36
The Cairo Conference
43
The New State and Enduring Pathologies
46
The End of the Mandate
49
VI
CONTENTS
3
Conceptualizîng
Political Mobilization in Iraq
51
The Identity Debate
52
Nationalism
55
The Sunni-Shi'i Divide
57
The Kurds
62
Turkmens
and Assyrians
70
Identity and the State
74
4
From Authoritarian to Totalitarian State,
1958-1979 75
The Dictator Debate
76
The Military in Political Life
81
The Role of the Military and the Communalization of
Political Life
85
The Intensification of Anti-Imperialist Sentiment
88
Towards Totalitarianism
92
The Totalitarian State
96
5
Iraq at War,
1979-1989 99
History of Iran-Iraq Relations
100
The Kurdish War
103
The Decline into War with Iran
106
Iraq Advances
109
Iran Counterattacks
111
The Kurdish Threat
112
The Tanker War
116
The Political and Economic Impact on Iraq
118
Towards Kuwait
120
6
The Pariah State,
1989-2003 123
Towards War
124
The Invasion of Kuwait
126
Operation Desert Storm
128
The Uprisings
131
The Coalescing of Opposition Movements
136
Sanctions on Iraq
138
The Arrival of the Inspectors
141
Defection
143
The Failed Coups
143
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CONTENTS VÜ
The Opposition Defeated and Kurdistan Divided
147
Oil for Food
148
Sanctions Busting
150
Hide-and-Seek with
UNSCOM 151
Towards Invasion
154
State and Society on the Eve of the Invasion of Iraq
156
7
Regime Change,
2003- 159
The State-Building and Democratization Debate
160
Operation Iraqi Freedom
163
The Chaotic Devolution of Political Authority
165
The Coalition Provisional Authority and the Iraqi
Governing Council
167
The Transitional Administrative Law
173
The Iraqi Interim Government
175
Shi'i Rebellion and
Sunni
Insurgencies
176
January
2005
Elections
182
Constitutional Negotiations
184
The Referendum
185
December
2005
Elections
187
Staring into the Abyss
189
Conclusion: The Passing of Thresholds?
192
Making Sense of the Debates
192
The Government of
Nouri al-Maliki
199
The Passing of Thresholds
202
Epilogue
205
Notes
209
Chronology
221
Internet Links
229
Bibliography
232
Index
249 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Stansfield, Gareth R. V. 1973- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)143310984 |
| author_facet | Stansfield, Gareth R. V. 1973- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Stansfield, Gareth R. V. 1973- |
| author_variant | g r v s grv grvs |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV022425111 |
| callnumber-first | D - World History |
| callnumber-label | DS79 |
| callnumber-raw | DS79.7 |
| callnumber-search | DS79.7 |
| callnumber-sort | DS 279.7 |
| callnumber-subject | DS - Asia |
| classification_rvk | MH 72030 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)76362528 (DE-599)HBZHT015016311 |
| discipline | Politologie |
| discipline_str_mv | Politologie |
| edition | 1. publ. |
| era | Geschichte 1918-2015 gnd Geschichte 1918-2006 gnd Geschichte gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1918-2015 Geschichte 1918-2006 Geschichte |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>02500nam a2200685 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV022425111</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20221108 </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">070515s2007 b||| |||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="015" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBA696365</subfield><subfield code="2">dnb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">0745632262</subfield><subfield code="c">(hbk.)</subfield><subfield code="9">0-7456-3226-2</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">0745632270</subfield><subfield code="c">(pbk)</subfield><subfield code="9">0-7456-3227-0</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9780745632261</subfield><subfield code="9">978-0-7456-3226-1</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9780745632278</subfield><subfield code="9">978-0-7456-3227-8</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)76362528</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)HBZHT015016311</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">aacr</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-355</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-188</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">DS79.7</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">MH 72030</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)122913:12037</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Stansfield, Gareth R. V.</subfield><subfield code="d">1973-</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)143310984</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Iraq</subfield><subfield code="b">people, history, politics</subfield><subfield code="c">Gareth Stansfield</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="250" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1. publ.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Cambridge</subfield><subfield code="b">Polity Press</subfield><subfield code="c">2007</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">XV, 262 S.</subfield><subfield code="b">Kt.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Hot spots in global politics</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="648" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1918-2015</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="648" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1918-2006</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="648" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Geschichte</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Golfoorlog (2003)</subfield><subfield code="2">gtt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Politieke ontwikkeling</subfield><subfield code="2">gtt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Politik</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Politik</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4046514-7</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Politisches System</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4046584-6</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Irak</subfield><subfield code="2">gtt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Irak</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Iraq</subfield><subfield code="x">Politics and government</subfield><subfield code="y">1991-2003</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Iraq</subfield><subfield code="x">Politics and government</subfield><subfield code="y">2003-</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Irak</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4072920-5</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Irak</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4072920-5</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Politik</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4046514-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Geschichte</subfield><subfield code="A">z</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Irak</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4072920-5</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Politik</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4046514-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Politisches System</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4046584-6</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1918-2006</subfield><subfield code="A">z</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-188</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="2" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Irak</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4072920-5</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="2" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1918-2015</subfield><subfield code="A">z</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="2" ind2=" "><subfield code="8">1\p</subfield><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung UB Regensburg</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015633378&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-015633378</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="883" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="8">1\p</subfield><subfield code="a">cgwrk</subfield><subfield code="d">20201028</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-101</subfield><subfield code="u">https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">900</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="g">5</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| geographic | Irak gtt Irak Iraq Politics and government 1991-2003 Iraq Politics and government 2003- Irak (DE-588)4072920-5 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Irak Iraq Politics and government 1991-2003 Iraq Politics and government 2003- |
| id | DE-604.BV022425111 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T17:27:09Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T20:57:19Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0745632262 0745632270 9780745632261 9780745632278 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-015633378 |
| oclc_num | 76362528 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-188 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-188 |
| physical | XV, 262 S. Kt. |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publishDateSearch | 2007 |
| publishDateSort | 2007 |
| publisher | Polity Press |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Hot spots in global politics |
| spelling | Stansfield, Gareth R. V. 1973- Verfasser (DE-588)143310984 aut Iraq people, history, politics Gareth Stansfield 1. publ. Cambridge Polity Press 2007 XV, 262 S. Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Hot spots in global politics Geschichte 1918-2015 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 1918-2006 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Golfoorlog (2003) gtt Politieke ontwikkeling gtt Politik Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd rswk-swf Politisches System (DE-588)4046584-6 gnd rswk-swf Irak gtt Irak Iraq Politics and government 1991-2003 Iraq Politics and government 2003- Irak (DE-588)4072920-5 gnd rswk-swf Irak (DE-588)4072920-5 g Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 s Geschichte z DE-604 Politisches System (DE-588)4046584-6 s Geschichte 1918-2006 z DE-188 Geschichte 1918-2015 z 1\p DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015633378&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Stansfield, Gareth R. V. 1973- Iraq people, history, politics Golfoorlog (2003) gtt Politieke ontwikkeling gtt Politik Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd Politisches System (DE-588)4046584-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4046514-7 (DE-588)4046584-6 (DE-588)4072920-5 |
| title | Iraq people, history, politics |
| title_auth | Iraq people, history, politics |
| title_exact_search | Iraq people, history, politics |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Iraq people, history, politics |
| title_full | Iraq people, history, politics Gareth Stansfield |
| title_fullStr | Iraq people, history, politics Gareth Stansfield |
| title_full_unstemmed | Iraq people, history, politics Gareth Stansfield |
| title_short | Iraq |
| title_sort | iraq people history politics |
| title_sub | people, history, politics |
| topic | Golfoorlog (2003) gtt Politieke ontwikkeling gtt Politik Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd Politisches System (DE-588)4046584-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Golfoorlog (2003) Politieke ontwikkeling Politik Politisches System Irak Iraq Politics and government 1991-2003 Iraq Politics and government 2003- |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015633378&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT stansfieldgarethrv iraqpeoplehistorypolitics |