Ekonomska istorija Crne Gore:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Podgorica
CID
2006
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Biblioteka Crna Gora
8 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | 479 S. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 8649502601 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804136417600733184 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | SADRŽAJ
PREDGOVOR
UVOD
Rimski period
Sloveni na
Izvori i literatura
Glava prva
DUKLJA (PRVA DRŽAVA NAŠIH PREDAKA) I ZETA
Feudalno uređenje
DUKLJA-ZETA POD DINASTIJOM NEMANJIĆA,
BALŠIĆAI CRNOJEVIĆA
Trgovina
Novčani sistem
Zanati
Poljoprivreda
Stočarstvo
Ribolov
Pčelarstvo
CRNA GORA U VRIJEME VLADAVINE VLADIKA
IZ RAZNIH PLEMENA, PRVIH MITROPOLITA IZ
DINASTIJE PETROVIĆI ŠĆEPANA MALOG
Stanje privrede
Novac
Stanovništvo i gradovi
Gradsko stanovništvo
Glava druga
POSLJEDNJI MITROPOLITI PETROVIĆII
STVARANJE CENTRALNIH ORGANA DRŽAVNE
VLASTI, KNJAŽEVINA DO
Stanovništvo
Poljoprivreda
Prve poljoprivredne škole
Trgovina, saobraćaj, carine
Crnogorske državne finansije
Zanati i prvi industrijski pogoni
Novac, prva banka, kapital
Iseljavanje stanovništva
Glava treća
CRNA GORA U VRIJEME KNJAŽEVINE
I KRALJEVINE
Stanovništvo
Razvoj gradskog (varoškog) stanovništva
Iseljavanje i rad Crnogoraca u inostranstvu
Agrarni odnosi
Poljoprivreda
Šumarstvo i lovstvo
Saobraćaj
Prvi crnogorski novac
Trgovina
Finansije
Uzimanje zajmova u inostranstvu
Osnivanje banaka
Zanatstvo
Istraživanje i pokušaj eksploatacije prirodnog
bogatstva Crne Gore
Počeci turizma
Industrija
Privredno zakonodavstvo i njegova uloga
Resume
Registar ličnih imena
Biografski podaci
463
RESUME
Economie
a pretty long period of time as well as several social-economic
systems
the beginning of the World War 1,
In that long period of existing in quite different historical cir¬
cumstances, there were state unions with different names, on the
area of today s Montenegro. Just those states and their economic
past are being analyzed here.
The prehistoric period and the period of slave-holding on the
area of current Montenegro are separated and analyzed in the intro¬
duction, in order to show and present the great differences in eco¬
nomic life of this society, comparing them with the following feu¬
dal and other systems. The lack of sources in writing and those of
archeological type, necessary for some more sure and concrete
analyze, is the main reason for such a conception.
For the economic history of Montenegro it is very important
the role of its rulers Ivan Crnojevic, prince-bishop
lo,
nificant works, to mention just different hrisovulja (golden stamped
charters
the consolidation and further permanent improving of economic li¬
fe of Montenegro.
This work is based on the archive documents (both published
and unpublished) and the ample (selected) literature. The scientific
method that this book is provided with, is presenting it.
The structure of the book is divided in several parts (chap¬
ters) relating mostly to the state entireties, so we are going to pre¬
sent some general notices concerning these parts.
464
Chapter one
DOCLEA (THE FIRST STATE OF OUR ANCESTORS)
AND
The analyze of the written source
(Chronicle of priest Dukljanin) and some others showed the
type of social-economic system of the state of Doclea and feudal
relations, formed by the process of assignment of an inferior posi¬
tion of the independent peasantry and strengthening of the ruling
class. In Doclea there were two areas
mountainous part. The coast part was an urban area with municipal
and communal administration and with the earning, typical for the
town of that period, ruled by nobility, formed of Romans and rich
Slavs. Municipal autonomy, its activity and general life were arran¬
ged by municipal statutes of
and it is known that Bar and Ulcinj also had them.
In the continental part, where cattle breeding and agriculture
were dominant, a property differentiation and class disintegration
happened, but because of the lack of the written sources these pro¬
cesses are very little known.
Middle-age trade of
and coastal part of the Lake of Skadar, whose main product was
salt produced in salt-pans in the Adriatic, was very developed and
it brought the income to all (both to municipality and to all classes
of municipal population involved in the trade-chain).
The trade of
Venice, Pulj as well as with the towns in its continental hinterland.
The coining of the money came with the appearance of the
commodity production in all medieval towns of
trade was also being developed in coast and other towns, what we
have more data about, from
worked only for the domestic necessities, and the other one for the
export. Especially stone-mason s (stonemason), shoemaking, gol¬
dsmith s and blacksmith s handcraft trade were developed. In
tor
brotherhood of seamen founded before XV century).
As for the agriculture of
characteristic as in other low-lying countries. The society of
was divided into secular and spiritual landed gentry (privileged
class) and into numerously stronger but dependent peasantries. The
465
biggest properties were those of the ruler, church and municipality.
Cattle breeding, olive growing, wine growing and fishing were do¬
minant activities in agriculture.
In the special chapter, Montenegro is presented from the pe¬
riod of ruling of bishops from different tribes, first metropolitans
from dynasty Petrovic and Scepan Mali, when the parts of its terri¬
tory fell under the control of Ottoman Empire and when, in
Filudzi System as the most benignant, most acceptable tax in the
Turkish tax system, was established. But though with such a privi¬
leged status, the people of Montenegro did not give in- they gave
disobedience and requested from the Ottoman authorities to respect
their common law.
The general progress of Turkish feudalism, started with com¬
modity-monetary economy in towns and with improvement of the
manpower in the village, became the new social system
nje, which gradually broke into Montenegro.
The status of independent peasant became worse and worse
and he/she became dependent and semi-dependent for the land of
spahija. Cattle breeding, like earlier, played a great role in econo¬
mic life of the inhabitant. The richest, according to the number of
the cattle per the head, were
head of cattle), according to the situation in
Fishing in the Lake of Skadar and the rivers, as well as in the
Adriatic Sea was very developed and it obtained pretty good inco¬
me, especially by the export of dry bleak
Maritime affairs of
brota)
trade and economy in general.
During
area of today s Montenegro brought many changes concerning the
metal structure, weight and division of some currency even its
strong spoiling.
The development of the towns and increasing of their popu¬
lation, especially by its
the sector of municipal handicraft trade production. Some new han-
dcrafts of the oriental type coordinated to the way of living of Mo¬
slem citizens and to the necessities of Turkish army, spread over
the towns and pushed back the old handcrafts of the Christian po¬
pulation. Turkish districts were founded and towns gradually got
an oriental look. Here is the presentation of the population of Pod-
466
gorica,
jeka
(Onogost), Herceg-Novi.
Chapter two
THE LAST METROPLITANS PETROVICS AND
ESTABLISHING OF A MODERN STATE
In this period of time, like in those previous, the Montene¬
grin economy was typical country one, occupying all forms of co¬
untry economy: agriculture, cattle-breeding, vegetable-growing,
fruit-growing, bee-keeping, fishing, handcrafts (home-made), bric-
kmaking etc. This economy is characterized by natural form of ac¬
tivities and small production with a little of products for market,
because its aim was to provide, first of all, own needs.
The base of the entire social-economic development of Mon¬
tenegro, up to
1864,
and Hills.
The beginning of
nomic and political changes in Montenegrin society. This is the pe¬
riod of the progress of the more permanent economic and trade re¬
lations between the inhabitants of Montenegro. Interior market
started to be established, old bazaars became stronger and some
new ones started to be created. Barter was done on the markets,
and bazaars inside of Montenegro. They were the place of gathe¬
ring of the inhabitants of different Montenegrin tribes and districts,
but many foreign traders could be also seen there (from Turkey,
Austria). This development of the interior trade was helped by poli¬
tical circumstances, as well as by forming of central authorities of
the public power during the rale of
The development of commodity-monetary economy and in¬
terior market was not well standardized on the territory of old
Montenegro. The reason for that could be found in very bad traffic
conditions, what caused underdeveloped of conterminous parts
Moraca,
In
the very beginning of
ship, the retrogression of merchant navy but also the poorness of
467
the population, hastily happened. But in the middle of
mariners of
ceeded to realize some big business and earnings with steamship
merchant navy.
Establishing of the state demanded some financial resources,
which could have been provided in Montenegro by tax. So, in the
first laws in Montenegro, the problem of tax was regulated. From
bishop
Montenegrins very hard paid it.
Chapter three
MONTENEGRO IN THE TIME OF PRINCIPALITY
AND KINGDOM
New conditions, in which Montenegro found itself after get¬
ting independence at Berlin Congress
forms of ruling the country. Improving and developing of new state
institutions, faster turnover as well as financial transactions, enlar¬
ging of the territory and population, emigration of Montenegrins,
creating new economic and social relations, building new roads
and setting railways, getting cars for the transportation of the pas¬
sengers and mail, post-telegraph and radio-telegraph connections,
establishing of the first industry, coining of the first Montenegrin
coin perper, visits of the first foreign tourists and many foreign sci¬
entists who were interested in natural resources of Montenegro
all of these are items of economic and social processes that brought
new life. For all these changes that hard and slowly went on, both
experts and sources were needed. There was the lack of money in
Montenegro, so it intended to obtain it by indebtedness abroad.
Creating a new state form, Montenegro was improving also its eco¬
nomic legislation, and in such a way moved to the level of Euro¬
pean countries, that it belonged to.
|
| adam_txt |
SADRŽAJ
PREDGOVOR
UVOD
Rimski period
Sloveni na
Izvori i literatura
Glava prva
DUKLJA (PRVA DRŽAVA NAŠIH PREDAKA) I ZETA
Feudalno uređenje
DUKLJA-ZETA POD DINASTIJOM NEMANJIĆA,
BALŠIĆAI CRNOJEVIĆA
Trgovina
Novčani sistem
Zanati
Poljoprivreda
Stočarstvo
Ribolov
Pčelarstvo
CRNA GORA U VRIJEME VLADAVINE VLADIKA
IZ RAZNIH PLEMENA, PRVIH MITROPOLITA IZ
DINASTIJE PETROVIĆI ŠĆEPANA MALOG
Stanje privrede
Novac
Stanovništvo i gradovi
Gradsko stanovništvo
Glava druga
POSLJEDNJI MITROPOLITI PETROVIĆII
STVARANJE CENTRALNIH ORGANA DRŽAVNE
VLASTI, KNJAŽEVINA DO
Stanovništvo
Poljoprivreda
Prve poljoprivredne škole
Trgovina, saobraćaj, carine
Crnogorske državne finansije
Zanati i prvi industrijski pogoni
Novac, prva banka, kapital
Iseljavanje stanovništva
Glava treća
CRNA GORA U VRIJEME KNJAŽEVINE
I KRALJEVINE
Stanovništvo
Razvoj gradskog (varoškog) stanovništva
Iseljavanje i rad Crnogoraca u inostranstvu
Agrarni odnosi
Poljoprivreda
Šumarstvo i lovstvo
Saobraćaj
Prvi crnogorski novac
Trgovina
Finansije
Uzimanje zajmova u inostranstvu
Osnivanje banaka
Zanatstvo
Istraživanje i pokušaj eksploatacije prirodnog
bogatstva Crne Gore
Počeci turizma
Industrija
Privredno zakonodavstvo i njegova uloga
Resume
Registar ličnih imena
Biografski podaci
463
RESUME
Economie
a pretty long period of time as well as several social-economic
systems
the beginning of the World War 1,
In that long period of existing in quite different historical cir¬
cumstances, there were state unions with different names, on the
area of today's Montenegro. Just those states and their economic
past are being analyzed here.
The prehistoric period and the period of slave-holding on the
area of current Montenegro are separated and analyzed in the intro¬
duction, in order to show and present the great differences in eco¬
nomic life of this society, comparing them with the following feu¬
dal and other systems. The lack of sources in writing and those of
archeological type, necessary for some more sure and concrete
analyze, is the main reason for such a conception.
For the economic history of Montenegro it is very important
the role of its rulers Ivan Crnojevic, prince-bishop
lo,
nificant works, to mention just different hrisovulja (golden stamped
charters
the consolidation and further permanent improving of economic li¬
fe of Montenegro.
This work is based on the archive documents (both published
and unpublished) and the ample (selected) literature. The scientific
method that this book is provided with, is presenting it.
The structure of the book is divided in several parts (chap¬
ters) relating mostly to the state entireties, so we are going to pre¬
sent some general notices concerning these parts.
464
Chapter one
DOCLEA (THE FIRST STATE OF OUR ANCESTORS)
AND
The analyze of the written source
(Chronicle of priest Dukljanin) and some others showed the
type of social-economic system of the state of Doclea and feudal
relations, formed by the process of assignment of an inferior posi¬
tion of the independent peasantry and strengthening of the ruling
class. In Doclea there were two areas
mountainous part. The coast part was an urban area with municipal
and communal administration and with the earning, typical for the
town of that period, ruled by nobility, formed of Romans and rich
Slavs. Municipal autonomy, its activity and general life were arran¬
ged by municipal statutes of
and it is known that Bar and Ulcinj also had them.
In the continental part, where cattle breeding and agriculture
were dominant, a property differentiation and class disintegration
happened, but because of the lack of the written sources these pro¬
cesses are very little known.
Middle-age trade of
and coastal part of the Lake of Skadar, whose main product was
salt produced in salt-pans in the Adriatic, was very developed and
it brought the income to all (both to municipality and to all classes
of municipal population involved in the trade-chain).
The trade of
Venice, Pulj as well as with the towns in its continental hinterland.
The coining of the money came with the appearance of the
commodity production in all medieval towns of
trade was also being developed in coast and other towns, what we
have more data about, from
worked only for the domestic necessities, and the other one for the
export. Especially stone-mason's (stonemason), shoemaking, gol¬
dsmith's and blacksmith's handcraft trade were developed. In
tor
brotherhood of seamen" founded before XV century).
As for the agriculture of
characteristic as in other low-lying countries. The society of
was divided into secular and spiritual landed gentry (privileged
class) and into numerously stronger but dependent peasantries. The
465
biggest properties were those of the ruler, church and municipality.
Cattle breeding, olive growing, wine growing and fishing were do¬
minant activities in agriculture.
In the special chapter, Montenegro is presented from the pe¬
riod of ruling of bishops from different tribes, first metropolitans
from dynasty Petrovic and Scepan Mali, when the parts of its terri¬
tory fell under the control of Ottoman Empire and when, in
"Filudzi System" as the most benignant, most acceptable tax in the
Turkish tax system, was established. But though with such a privi¬
leged status, the people of Montenegro did not give in- they gave
disobedience and requested from the Ottoman authorities to respect
their common law.
The general progress of Turkish feudalism, started with com¬
modity-monetary economy in towns and with improvement of the
manpower in the village, became the new social system
nje, which gradually broke into Montenegro.
The status of independent peasant became worse and worse
and he/she became dependent and semi-dependent for the land of
spahija. Cattle breeding, like earlier, played a great role in econo¬
mic life of the inhabitant. The richest, according to the number of
the cattle per the head, were
head of cattle), according to the situation in
Fishing in the Lake of Skadar and the rivers, as well as in the
Adriatic Sea was very developed and it obtained pretty good inco¬
me, especially by the export of dry bleak
Maritime affairs of
brota)
trade and economy in general.
During
area of today's Montenegro brought many changes concerning the
metal structure, weight and division of some currency even its
strong spoiling.
The development of the towns and increasing of their popu¬
lation, especially by its
the sector of municipal handicraft trade production. Some new han-
dcrafts of the oriental type coordinated to the way of living of Mo¬
slem citizens and to the necessities of Turkish army, spread over
the towns and pushed back the old handcrafts of the Christian po¬
pulation. Turkish districts were founded and towns gradually got
an oriental look. Here is the presentation of the population of Pod-
466
gorica,
jeka
(Onogost), Herceg-Novi.
Chapter two
THE LAST METROPLITANS PETROVICS AND
ESTABLISHING OF A MODERN STATE
In this period of time, like in those previous, the Montene¬
grin economy was typical country one, occupying all forms of co¬
untry economy: agriculture, cattle-breeding, vegetable-growing,
fruit-growing, bee-keeping, fishing, handcrafts (home-made), bric-
kmaking etc. This economy is characterized by natural form of ac¬
tivities and small production with a little of products for market,
because its aim was to provide, first of all, own needs.
The base of the entire social-economic development of Mon¬
tenegro, up to
1864,
and Hills.
The beginning of
nomic and political changes in Montenegrin society. This is the pe¬
riod of the progress of the more permanent economic and trade re¬
lations between the inhabitants of Montenegro. Interior market
started to be established, old bazaars became stronger and some
new ones started to be created. Barter was done on the markets,
and bazaars inside of Montenegro. They were the place of gathe¬
ring of the inhabitants of different Montenegrin tribes and districts,
but many foreign traders could be also seen there (from Turkey,
Austria). This development of the interior trade was helped by poli¬
tical circumstances, as well as by forming of central authorities of
the public power during the rale of
The development of commodity-monetary economy and in¬
terior market was not well standardized on the territory of old
Montenegro. The reason for that could be found in very bad traffic
conditions, what caused underdeveloped of conterminous parts
Moraca,
In
the very beginning of
ship, the retrogression of merchant navy but also the poorness of
467
the population, hastily happened. But in the middle of
mariners of
ceeded to realize some big business and earnings with steamship
merchant navy.
Establishing of the state demanded some financial resources,
which could have been provided in Montenegro by tax. So, in the
first laws in Montenegro, the problem of tax was regulated. From
bishop
Montenegrins very hard paid it.
Chapter three
MONTENEGRO IN THE TIME OF PRINCIPALITY
AND KINGDOM
New conditions, in which Montenegro found itself after get¬
ting independence at Berlin Congress
forms of ruling the country. Improving and developing of new state
institutions, faster turnover as well as financial transactions, enlar¬
ging of the territory and population, emigration of Montenegrins,
creating new economic and social relations, building new roads
and setting railways, getting cars for the transportation of the pas¬
sengers and mail, post-telegraph and radio-telegraph connections,
establishing of the first industry, coining of the first Montenegrin
coin perper, visits of the first foreign tourists and many foreign sci¬
entists who were interested in natural resources of Montenegro
all of these are items of economic and social processes that brought
new life. For all these changes that hard and slowly went on, both
experts and sources were needed. There was the lack of money in
Montenegro, so it intended to obtain it by indebtedness abroad.
Creating a new state form, Montenegro was improving also its eco¬
nomic legislation, and in such a way moved to the level of Euro¬
pean countries, that it belonged to. |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Marović, Branislav 1933- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)132783622 |
| author_facet | Marović, Branislav 1933- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Marović, Branislav 1933- |
| author_variant | b m bm |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV022366758 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)162434820 (DE-599)BVBBV022366758 |
| era | Geschichte gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Montenegro (DE-588)4040163-7 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Montenegro |
| id | DE-604.BV022366758 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T17:05:27Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T20:56:04Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 8649502601 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-015575998 |
| oclc_num | 162434820 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 479 S. Ill. |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| publishDateSearch | 2006 |
| publishDateSort | 2006 |
| publisher | CID |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Biblioteka Crna Gora |
| series2 | Biblioteka Crna Gora |
| spelling | Marović, Branislav 1933- Verfasser (DE-588)132783622 aut Ekonomska istorija Crne Gore Branislav Marović Podgorica CID 2006 479 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Biblioteka Crna Gora 8 Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Wirtschaft (DE-588)4066399-1 gnd rswk-swf Montenegro (DE-588)4040163-7 gnd rswk-swf Montenegro (DE-588)4040163-7 g Wirtschaft (DE-588)4066399-1 s Geschichte z DE-604 Biblioteka Crna Gora 8 (DE-604)BV022367476 8 Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015575998&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015575998&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Marović, Branislav 1933- Ekonomska istorija Crne Gore Biblioteka Crna Gora Wirtschaft (DE-588)4066399-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4066399-1 (DE-588)4040163-7 |
| title | Ekonomska istorija Crne Gore |
| title_auth | Ekonomska istorija Crne Gore |
| title_exact_search | Ekonomska istorija Crne Gore |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Ekonomska istorija Crne Gore |
| title_full | Ekonomska istorija Crne Gore Branislav Marović |
| title_fullStr | Ekonomska istorija Crne Gore Branislav Marović |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ekonomska istorija Crne Gore Branislav Marović |
| title_short | Ekonomska istorija Crne Gore |
| title_sort | ekonomska istorija crne gore |
| topic | Wirtschaft (DE-588)4066399-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Wirtschaft Montenegro |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015575998&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015575998&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV022367476 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT marovicbranislav ekonomskaistorijacrnegore |