Verfügbarkeit: Region: Mogilevskaja oblastʹ

Region: Mogilevskaja oblastʹ: 10 let preobrazovanij = Rėhiën: Mahilëŭskaja voblascʹ = Mogilev region

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	Russian
Veröffentlicht:	Mogilev Izdat. UPKP "Mogilevskaja Obltip. Im. Spiridona Sobolja" 2005
Schlagworte:	Geschichte 1990-2000 Heimatkunde Oblast Mogiljow Bildband
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract
Beschreibung:	In kyrill. Schr., russ. - Zsfassung in engl. und weißruss. Sprache
Beschreibung:	199 S. zahlr. Ill., Kt.
ISBN:	9856738512

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Datensatz im Suchindex

_version_	1824656971275436032
adam_text	ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕ Мы смотрим в будущее с оптимизмом .3 Эхо минувших столетий .5 Географическое положение, природа .27 Население .34 Экономика .37 Промышленность и бизнес .38 Сельское хозяйство .56 Торговля и бытовое обслуживание .66 Строительство .68 Транспорт, связь и средства массовой информации .70 Внешнеэкономические связи .72 Социальная сфера .74 Здравоохранение .76 Образование и наука .82 Культура .91 Архитектура .92 Религия .108 Литература .112 Музеи и выставочные залы .116 Спектакли, концерты, фестивали .120 Физическая культура, спорт, туризм .128 Города областного подчинения .135 Могилев .136 Бобруйск .142 Районы Могилевской области .146 Белыничский район .148 Бобруйский район .150 Быховский район .152 Глусский район .154 Горецкий район .156 Дрибинский район .158 Кировский район .160 Климовичский район .162 Кличевский район .164 Костюковичский район .166 Краснопольский район .168 Кричевский район .170 Круглянский район .172 Могилевский район .174 Мстиславский район .176 Осиповичский район .178 Славгородский район .180 Хотимский район .182 Чаусский район .184 Чериковский район .186 Шкловский район .188 Историко-архитектурные памятники Могилевской области (экскурсионно-туристические маршруты) .190 Рзспубліка Белапусь. Магілеуская вобласць (скарочаны 3Mtv .у .192 The Republic of Belarus. Mogilev Region (Summary) .195 199 мабільньї завод ¡мяС.М.Кірава-буйней- шае ý Eýpone прадпрыемства па выпус¬ ку землярыйна-транспартнай тзхнікі. "Маплёутрансмаш" вырабляе аута- мабільньїя паупрычэпы, кантэйнера- возы, панелявозы, аугакраны, рэфрыжэ- ратары і ¡затзрмічньїя фургоны. Ма- гілеускі завод "Строммашына" заняты выпускам больш за 400 відау машын і абсталявання для вьітворчасці будау- нічьіх матэрыялау, а таксама штангавых глыбшных насосау для здабывання нафты. "Магілеуліфтмаш" з'яуляецца буунейшым у СНД спецьіялізаваньїм прадпрыемствам па вьітворчасці ліфтоу грузапад'ёмнасцю ад 100 да 5000 кг. Магілеускія ліфтьі працуюць ва усіх дзяржавах СНД, а таксама у 12 краінах Еуропы, Азіі, Амерьїкі. Вялікім попытам як на Беларусі, так і за яе межамі (ЗША, Швецыя, Венгрыя, Балгарыя, Румьінія, Сірьія і інш.) карыс- таецца прадукцыя металаапрацоучых прадпрыемствау. Сярод ix вылучаецца ДАТ "Чырвоны металіст" (Маплёу), якое выпускав ý вялікім асартыменцевысака- якасныя сталовыя прыборы, што вырабляюцца па тзхналогіі фірмау "Пауль" і "Райхард". Разнастайньїмі з'яуляюцца і галіньї лёгкай прамьісловасці Маплёушчыны: тэкстыльная,трыкатажная, швейная, ску- раная, абутковая, мехавая і галанта- рэйная. У Магілеве ý XX ст. быу пабуда- ваны буйнейшы ý СССР камбінат шауковых тканін. Сёння на базе прад¬ прыемства сучасныя фірмьі "Магатэкс" і "Сапатэкс" выпускаюць вельмі шьірокі асартымент тканін. Магілеуская стужка- ткацкая фабрыка "Стужка" забяспечвае неабходньїмі матзрьіяламі трыкатажную, швейную, абутковую, злектратзхнічную, мэблевую і ¡ншыя галіньї прамьісловасці. Прадпрыемства "Вяснянка" з'яуляецца самай буйной кампаніяй на Беларусі па выпуску швейных вырабау, Яе прамыс- ловая калекцыя прадстаулена 120-130 мадзлямі адзення, штогадовае абнаулен- не асартыменту складає 90-95 %. У кожным раёне вобласці дзей- нічаюць прадпрыемствы ляснога ком¬ плексу, якія выпускаюць шьірокі асарты¬ мент мзблі, піламатзрьіялау, паперы. Не менш шырока прадстаулена прамысло- васць будаунічьіх матэрыялау. Сумеснае прадпрыемства "Кроуля" у Асіповічах - адзінае на Беларусі прадпрыемства па выпуску легкіх кровельных матэрыялау. У Крычаве і Касцюковічах працуюць цэментныя прадпрыемствы, прычым "Беларускі цэментны завод" (Касцкжо- вічьі) з'яуляецца самым буйным у краіне. У склад аграпрамысловага комплек¬ су вобласці уваходзяць 236 сельска- гаспадарчых прадпрыемствау з калек- тыунай і 75 з дзяржаунай уласнасцю, 6 птушкафабрык і 344 фермерская гаспа- даркі. Сельгасугоддзі займаюць 50,3 % тзрьіторьіі вобласці, у тым· ліку ворыва - 31,2 %. У сярзднім на адну калек- тыуную гаспадарку даводзіцца каля 3600 га земляу. У сельскай гаспадарцы склалася спе- цьіялізацьія з улікам прыродных умоу рзгіена. У раслінаводстве Магілеушчьіна 194 спецьіялізуецца на вьірошчваї-ші зерня, бульбы і льну-даугунцу; у жывёлазодстве - на вьітворчасці малака і мяса. Валавы збор зерня у 2004 г. склау 1042,5 тыс. тон. Пагалоуе буйной рагатай жывёлы у грамадскім сектары налічвае 441,3 тыс. галоу; пагалоуе свіней - 208,7 тыс. галоу. Вытворчасць мяса ва убойнай вазе (ялавічьіньї і свініньї) - 75,5 тыс. тон за год, што складає на душу насельніцтва каля 60 кг. Вытворчасць малака у 2004 г. склала 422,9 тыс. тон - тэта каля 500 кг на аднаго жыхара вобласці. У рэпёне працуюць бууныя спецы- ялізаваньїя комплексы, дзе вытворчасць ялавічьіньї і свініньї пастаулена на пра- мысловую аснову. Гэта "Саугас-камбінат "Горкі" Горацкага /'Cayrac "Добраах- вотнік" Клічаускага, "Вялікія Славені" Шклоускага , "Саугас-камбінат "Светлы" Чэрыкаускага, "Вогнеускае" Слауга- радскага , "Саугас-камбінат "Усход" і "Аг- ракамбінат "Зара" Магілеускага раёнау і інш. Акрамя вырошчвання свіней, яны вядуць перапрацоуку мяса. Сярод прадпрыемстваухарчовай пра¬ мьісловасці, прадукцыя якіх вядомая далека за межамі рзспублікі, вылуча- юцца "Холдзінг "Магілеуаблхарчпрам", "Магілеускі жзлацінавьі завод", "Клі- мавіцкі лікера-гарзлачньї завод", "Піва- варачны завод "Дзеднава" і "Чырвоны харчавік" у Бабруйску, "Вяйнянская крьініца" у Магілеускім раёне і інш. На долю Магілеускай вобласці да¬ водзіцца больш за 8 % зкспарту рзс¬ публікі і 6 % імпарту. У агульным аб'ёме вьітворчасці прадукцьіі рзгіена зкспарт складає больш за ЗО %. На працягу апошніх гадоу вобласць стабільна має станоучае сальда гандлёвага балансу. У знешнезканамічнай дзейнасці за- хоУваецца шматвектарная палітьїка, аднак прыярытэтным напрамкам за- стаецца развіццеусебаковай інтзграцьіі з Расіяй, на долю якой даводзіцца амаль 70 % аб'ёму знешняга гандлю вобласці. У цэлым вобласць падтрьімлівае ганд- лёвыя сувязі з 93 краінамі свету. Сярод дзяржау дальняга замежжа галоуньїмі гандлевьімі партнёрам! выступаюць Гер¬ манія, Польшча, Італія, Вялікабрьітанія, Літва, ЗША, Латвія. На сенняшні дзень абласны цэнтр мае 8 гарадоу-пабра- цімау: Айзенах (Германія), Вілербан (Францыя), Влацлавек (Польшча), Клай¬ педа (Літва), Бардэёф (Славакія), Габрава (Балгарыя), Керч (Україна) і Тула (Расія). Наша вобласць, дзякуючы выгаднаму геаграфічнаму становішчу, наяунасці высока кваліфікаваньїх інжьінерна- тзхнічньїх і рабочых кадрау, развітай ¡нфраструктуры, з'яуляецца прыцягаль- най для замежных ¡нвестыцый. Штурш- ком да актьівізацьіі ¡нвестыцыйнай дзей¬ насці з'явілася стварэнне у 2002 г. сва- боднай зканамічнай зоны "Магілеу". На тзрьіторьіі вобласці зарзгістравана больш за 80 прадпрыемствау з замеж- ньімі ¡нвестьщьіямі з 24 країн. Змястоуная ¡нфармацыя пра зка- намічньї патэнцыял вобласці размеш- чана на афіцьійньїм сайце Магілеускага аблвыканкама у сетцы Internet: www.reaion.moeilev.bv. Вьісокі Узровень адукацьіі на¬ сельніцтва Маплёушчыны забяспеч- ваюць навучальныя установы рознага узроуню: 8 вышэйшых, 21 сярэдняе спе- цыяльнае, 36 прафесійна-тзхнічньїхуста- ноу, 503 агульнаадукацыйныя школы, 11 гімназій, 6 ліцзяу, 2 каледжы і інш. Старэйшай вышэйшай навучальнай установай з'яуляецца Беларуская дзяр- жауная сельскагаспадарчая акадзмія. Яна была заснавана у г. Горкі 24 кра- савіка 1840 г. Сёння гэта вядучая вы- шэйшая навучальная установа Рзспублікі Беларусь па падрыхтоуцы кадрау для сельскай гаспадаркі. Акадзмія актыуна супрацоунічае з вядучьімі ВНУ Вяліка- брьітаніі, Францьіі, ЗША, Германії, Бельгїі, Нідзрландау, Швейцарьіі, Польшчы, Чзхіі, Păcii, Україньї і іншьіх країн. Другім буйным цэнтрам адукацьіі з'яуляецца Магілеускі дзяржауны універсітзт імя ААКуляшова. Ён быу за- снаваны у 1913 г. ВНУ праводзїць пад- рыхтоуку кадрау па больш чым 40 спецы- яльнасцях для розных галінау народнай гаспадаркі і, перш за усё, для сферы адукацьіі і гуманітарнай навукі. Адукацыйныя паслугі беларускім і за- межным грамадзянам таксама прапа- ноуваюць Беларуска-Расійскі універсітзт (уваходзіць у сямёрку найбольш буйных тзхнічньїх ВНУ рзспублікі), Магілеускі дзяржауны універсітзт харчавання (рыхтуе спецьіялістау для харчовай, хімічнай прамьісловасці і гандлю), педа- гагічньї факультзт Беларускай дзяр¬ жаунай акадзміі музьїкі. У культуры Магілеускай зямлі пера- пляліся традьїцьіі розных краін. Беларусь была месцам, дзе на працягу стагоддзяу аб'ядноуваліся творчыя сільї многіх наро- дау. За працяглы перыяд гістарьічнага развіцця беларускім народам створана нямала помнікаУ арьігінальнай архітзк- туры. Лепшыя з ix увайшлі у сусветную і рзспубліканскую скарбніцу. Палацы, саборы, комплексы грамадзянскай і адміністрацьшнай забудовы уяуляюць архітзктуру розных стыляу: готьікі, рэне- сансу, барока, класіцьізму. У абласным цэнтры асаблівую каштоунасць уяуляе комплекс зараз дзеючага праваслауна- га Свята-Мікалаеускага манастыра XVII—XVIII ст. і касцёл Святога Станіслава XVIII ст. Каштоуныя гісторьїка-архітзк- турныя помнікі захаваліся у Бабруйску, Мсціславе, Шклове, Горках, Крычаве і ¡ншых гарадах. На тзрьіторьіі Магілеускай вобласці працуе 27 музеяу і філіялау. Найбольш багатыя зкспазіцьіі вядучых музеяу г.Магілева - абласнога краязнаучага музея, мастацкага музея імя В.К.Бя- льініцкага-Бірулі, абласнога мастацкага музея імя П.В.Масленікава. У ix прад- стаУлены зкспазіцьіі цудоуныхтворау ма- стацтва: іконау, мастацкіх палотнау, ювелірньїх упрыгожанняу, ткацтва, разьбы па дрэве, прыкладнога мас¬ та цтва, а таксама старажытных кніг. Яны раскрываюць прыгажосць душы бела- рускага народа, здольнасць бачыць і перадаваць па законах гармони стрыма- ную красу сваей зямлі. У раённых цэнтрах асабліва цікавьія зкспазіцьіі стварьілі су- працоунікі музеяуу Мсціславе, Круглым, Бабруйску, Касцюковічах. Сучаснаетэатральнае і музычнае ма- стацтва Прыдняпроуя заснавана на векавых традыцыях беларускай народ- най і еурапейскай класічнай культуры. У вобласці дзейнічаюць 3 прафесійньїя тэатры, старэйшы з якіх - Магілеускі абласны драматычнытэатр - пачаусваю гісторьію ý 1888 г. Больш за 10 000 спектакляу і канцзр- таукожны годдаюць калектывы мастац- кай самадзейнасці. У рэпёне штогод пра- водзяцца міжнародньїя, рзгіянальньїя, абласныя і раённыя фестьівалі, святы, агляды народнай творчасці. Гэта фесты¬ валь сямейнай творчасці "Сузор'етален- тау" і "ПалескЈтрохкутн^у Глускім раёне, фестываль дзіцячай творчасці "Залатая пчолка" у Клімавіцкім раёне, абласное свята "Народная частушка" у Слауга- радскім раёне і ¡нш. У верасні на Магілеушчьіне праводзіцца Міжнародньї фальклорны фестываль "Вянокдружбы" зудзелам калектывау Беларусі, Păcii, Ук- раіньї, Малдовы, Польшчы. Асноуным у фестывальным жьіцці Маплеушчыны з'яуляецца Міжнародньї фестываль "Залаты шлягер", які быу упершыню арганізаваньї ý 1995 г. Кан- цэрты "Залатога шлягера" праходзяць адначасова у Магілеве, Мінску, ва усіх гарадах Маплёускай вобласці. 3 1996 г. у межах фестывалю праводзіцца кон¬ курс маладых выканауцау, удзельніка- мі якога сталі прадстаунікі з 20 країн свету. Не менш гучную славу Магілеушчьіне прьшосіць Міжнародньї фестываль духоунай музьікі "Магутны Божа", які пра¬ водзіцца пастаянна ý сярздзіне ліпеня з 1993 г. Не менш за 50 % праграмы вы- ступаючых на фестьівалі харавых калек¬ тывау складаюць творы таго рзгіену, ад- куль прыбыу хор. Геаграфія фестывалю шырокая: Беларусь, Україна, Расія, Польшча, Галандыя, Грузія, Румьінія, Гер¬ манія, Францыя, Балгарыя і іншьія краіньї. Прыняць удзел у фестьівалі Магілеу запрашае усіх жадаючых - клубныя, прьіходскія дзіцячьія ¡дарослыя хоры, прафесійньїя калектывы. У вобласці праводзіцца шэрагтрады- цыйных міжнародньїх спартыуных турнірау: па вольнай барацьбе і валей- боле на прызы Герояу Савецкага Саюза М.П.Каралёва і Л.Я.Маневіча; па на¬ стольным тзнісе, прысвечаны памяціТані Карпінскай; па спартыуным арыента- ванні імя капітана K.P. Уладзімірава; па спартыуных гульнях на прызы старшьіні Магілеускага абласнога выканаучага камітзта. У г. Магілеве стала традыцыяй правядзенне міжнародньїх спабор- ніцтвау сярод інвалідау-калясачнікау "Залаты леу" і "Залаты заяц". Колькасцьмапляучанунацыянальных камандах Рзспублікі Беларусь перавы- шае 380 чалавек. Сярод праслауленых на увесь свет дзеячау спорту нямала ура- джэнцау Маплёускай вобласці. Першай званне чзмпіенкі Алімпійскіх гульняу за- ваявала у 1988 г. у Сеуле магшяучанка Святлана Баітава, выступаушая ý спа- борніцтвах па спартыунай пмнастыцы; тады ж, у Сеуле, бабруйчанін Віктар Рэ- нейскідвойчьі перамогуспаборніцтвах па грзблі на байдарках і каноэ; у гэтым жа відзе спорту магіляучанін Аляксандр Масяйкоу удастоены высокага звання чзмпіена на XXV Алімпійскіх гульнях 1992 г. у Барселоне. На XII летніх Па- ралімпійскіх гульнях 2004 г. у Афінах плывец Раман Макарау заваявау 3 за- латыя медалі. З аптьімізмам сустрзлі жыхары Магілеускай вобласці XXI стагоддзе і сёння з надзеяй глядзяць у будучыню. ТНЕ REPUBLIC OF BELARUS. MOGILEV REGION (Summary) Mogilev Region has a glorious history closely interwoven with destinies of such great European powers as Kievan Rus, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Germany, France, Sweden, the USSR. Since ancient times owing to their location on the Road from the Vikings to the Greeks, Mogilev lands were of great transport value and therefore in the second half of the IXth century theyalready formed part of Kievan Rus. Big towns, stone temples, the art of war and the developed written language were the evidence of our culture being on the same level with progressive countries of that time. In the IXth-Xth centuries the Slavs were developing the territory of present-day Mogilev at a great rate. In the Xlth-Xlllth centuries there was a fortification on Mogiła Hill, a settlement near the river Dubravenka. The most ancient towns of Mogilev Region are Krichev (1136), Prupoi (Slavgorod) (1136), and Mstislavl (1156). Mogilev is considered to be founded in 1267, when there was built a castle on the high Dnieper bank. After the disintegration of Kievan Rus Mogilev lands were incorporated in the Drutsk Principality, the Turov Principality, the Smolensk Principality and the Mstislavl Principality and in the XlVth century they formed part of a new potent state - the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Our ancestors participated in numerous military cam paigns and battles. Th us, in 1410 near the town Grunwald the united army of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland routed the Crusaders of the 195 Teutonic Order. At the crucial moment of the battle an exceptional courage was displayed by the soldiers underthe banners of Orsha, Mstislavl and Smolensk regiments. Mogilev inhabitants headed by Duke Simeon Algerdovich made part of those regiments. In the XVth-XVIth centuries Mogilev turned into a big crafts centre of Belarus, it had close trade ties with Poland, Russia, Baltic and Czech lands. In 1577 the town received the Magdeburg Right and its emblem. In the middle of the XVI Ith century in Mogilev area there were already about- 40 towns and villages. The largest of them was the province centre - the town of Mstislavl. But in the XVIth-XVIIth centuries the population of Belarus could not lead a peaceful life because of the long-lasting conflict between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, later Rzęch Pospolita, and the Moscow Principality for the dominance in Eastern Europe. Thus, Mogilev lands suffered bitterly during the war of 1667, when the population in Orsha District decreased by 69 %, in Mstislavl District - by 71%. During the Northern War Russia acted as our ally in the struggle against Sweden. In 1708 near the village of Golovchin the Swedish army defeated the Russian corps and marched into Mogilev. Emperor Charles XII of Sweden had a month's rest there before starting towards the East. On September 28, 1708 at the village of Lesnaya near Propoisk (currently the town of Slavgorod) the army of Tsar Peter the Great crushed the Swedish corps of General Levengaupt - subdivision of the best European army. The battle at the village of Lesnaya was the Russians' first major victory that infused courage into the soldiers. To commemorate the 200th anniversary of the battle a chapel and a monument with the engraving "In commemoration of the battle at Lesnaya - mother of the victory in the battle of Poltava" were erected on the battle's field. Russia won the victory in that war, but for Belarus the results of the conflict turned to be tragic again: every third citizen perished. After the Northern War in the course of almost a century the flame of great wars avoided the Belarusian land. That period was marked by the population growth, economic and cultural revival. In the second half of the XVIIth-XVIIIth centuries construction of stone baroque churches in the region was extended. Mogilev St. Nicholas Church, the Carmelite catholic churches in Belynichy, Mogilev, Mstislavl and Bobruisk were notable for their rich decor and wall-paintings. In the XVIIIth century rural population of Mogilev area became mainly Unitarian, but Mogilev citizens remained Orthodox. Mogilev was the centre of Orthodox diocese, the only in Belarus at that time. Mogilev bishops Silvestr Kosov, Ignati levlevlch and George Konissky - the first Mogilev saint, patron of the town - became famous for their significant and fruitful public and educational activities. At the end of the XVIIIth century in the 196 result of the partitions of Rzęch Pospolita the Belarusian lands were annexed to Russia. Mogilev became the centre of a vast province. Road building and defence jobs promoted the development of patrimonial manufactory and trade. At the beginning of the XlXth century within Russia's preparations for the war against France a grandiose fortress was built on the site of ancient Bobruisk. During the war of 1812 its garrison helped greatly the retreating army of Bagration. On July 11,1812 at the village of Saltanovka near Mogilevthefierce battle between French forces of Marshal Davout and the Russian corps of General Raevski took place. That battle let the army of Bagration cross the Dnieper in the vicinity of New and Old Bykhov and join the army of Barclay de Tolly in Smolensk, which was of great strategic importance. The abolition of serfdom, the bourgeois reforms of the 1860s in Russia gave impetus to the economic development of the region. Food processing, textile, tanning and timber processing industries were developing at that time. Belarusgained one of the leading positions in Russia by the density of railway lines. Water lines were constructed, a telegraph was put in action. At the beginning of the XlXth century a city electrical power station and a telephone exchange started working in Mogilev, automobile taxi routes were introduced and thefirst cinema demonstrations took place. New factories and plants were opened. Thus, in 1913 the Mogilev iron foundry and the Shklov paper-mill were put into operation. Positive tendencies in the economy were suspended by World War I in 1914. Mogilev hosted the Headquarters of the Russian Army Supreme Commander-in-Chief. There were situated the missions of the Entente member-countries, Russian allies, as well. The town was in the thick of historical events of European and world significance. The Russian Emperor Nikolai II as Commander-in-Chief and his son Alexei lived in the house of Mogilev Governor for weeks. During the Revolution of 1917 Mogilev was one of the Anti-Bolshevik movement centres. But revolutionary soldiers forced the local Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies to recognize the Soviet power. The region witnessed industrial nationalization and confiscation of landlords' estates. On January 1,1919 in Smolensk the formation of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic was proclaimed. The territory of Mogilev Region formed part of Orsha, Mogilev and Kalinin Districts. In 1938 the administrative reform was carried out in Belarus. Asa resulto regions were formed, including Mogilev Region. The 1930s went down ¡n history as a period of speeded up industrialization. The Belarusian authorities pursued the policy of the industrial development directed at the local sources of raw materials. In 1926 the foundation of the biggest in the Europe of that time mechanized timber processing combine was laid in Bobruisk. In 1930 a plant of synthetic fibres, a tube-casting plant, an auto repair plant, a furniture making factory and a bone processing factory were opened in Mogilev. Agriculture was characterized by rapid, often compulsory collectivization. The Great Patriotic War became a terrible ordeal forthe Belarusian people. In the very first days of the war people's volunteer corps were formed in our towns. Daily about 40ooo Mogilev citizens worked on the construction of defences around the town. In July, 1941 particularly violent battles were fought in the Buinichy Field in the vicinity of Mogilev. The soldiers from the 388th Rifle Corps under the command of Colonel Kutepov displayed great courage and heroism - they shot down and burnt about 180 German armoured units. Later, the "Buinichy Field" Memorial Complex was unveiled here to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the victory over fascism. The first battle with the fascists from the Polish Infantry Division named after T.Kosciuzsko took place on October 12-13, 1943 near the village of Lenino, Goretsk District. Nowadays one can visit the Soviet- Polish Fighting Fraternity Museum in the village. Duringthefascist occupation of Mogilev partisan brigades continued the struggle. The most numerous partisan formations were concentrated in the woods of Bykhov, Belynichi, Kirovsk, Klichev and Krugloye Districts. Large partisan zones and aerodromes were situated there. Thousands of the region natives fought at the war fronts. The region gave 114 Heroes of the Soviet Union, three twice Heroes of the Soviet Union - I.Gusakovsky, S.Shutov, IJakubovsky - and 23 holders of the Order of Glory First and Second Classes. The war brought irreplaceable human and colossal material losses. By the moment of the city's liberation in Mogilev there were less than lOooo citizens left. The Region lost half of its national wealth. However, patriotic enthusiasm and pridefor the countrythat defeated the Nazi Germany contributed to the revival of the national economy. In the 1950-80S the industrial potential of the Region increased greatly. Mogilev area grew into a large-scale chemical region. The Bobruisk Hydrolytic Plant, one of the biggest plants in Europe "Bobruiskshina", the largest enterprise in Europe "Mogilevchimvolokno", the Production Association of Silk Fabrics were put into operation. In Bobruisk the Ma¬ chine-Building Plant, the Weight Measuring Plant, the Ship-Repair Plant, the Tractor Parts and Aggregates Plant, the Auto Tractor Parts Plant and some other plants ex¬ panded their production. In Mogilev - the "Strommashina" Plant, the "Electro- dvigatel", the "Technopribor" Plant, the "Zenit", the Transport Engineering Plant, the "Liftmash" Plant. Food processing, building and timber processing industries developed in district centres. However, starting from the 1970s the rate of industrial growth began to decrease gradually. The explosion at the Chernobyl nuclear power station in 1986 became a national tragedy for the Belarusian people. In Mogilev Region the greatest damage by radioactive contamination was caused to Bykhov, Krasnopolie, Kostiukovichi, Slavgorod, Cherikov and Chaussy Districts. About 35000 people living in about 300 populated areas were settled out. In the second part of the 1980s unsolved economic and social problems made the Communist Party of the Soviet Union launch the policy of "perestroïka". In 1990-1991 mass meetings supporting democratization took place in Mogilev. After the disintegration of the USSR Mogilev residents turned into the citizens of an independent state - the Republic of Belarus. In recent years the stable growth of industrial production has been observed in the Region (8-10 % per year), cooperation with foreign companies Is being developed. The most remarkable changes have come about cultural and spiritual spheres. In the course of a spiritual renaissance a number of books on the Region history have been published. The International Christian Music Festival "Mahutny Bozha" ("Mighty God"), the "Golden Hit" International Musical Festival, the International Ballroom Dance Festival "Winter Fantasy", the Chamber Music Festival named after N. Churkin and other festivals are held annually nowadays. Mogilev Region is the eastern-most region of the Republic bordering on the Russian Federation. Three big rivers - the Dnieper, the Sozh, the Beresina - cross the Region. The Dnieper is the principle river of our area. The whole territory of the Region (29,1 thousand square kilometres) belongs to its basin. This river is the third in Europe in length (2201 km) and in catchment basin area (504 thousand square kilometres) after the Volga and the Danube. The Region has the following administrative division: two regional cities - Mogilev (365 thousand residents) and Bobruisk (221 thousand residents) - 21 districts that comprise 15 towns, 6 urban- type settlements and 3 workmen's settlements, 194 Village Soviets with 3120 rural populated areas. The Region's people (1157,8 thousand residents) have a high level of education. Mogilev Region disposes of skilled chemists, machine builders, textile- workers, machine-operators, cattle- breeders, which tells on its contribution to the national economy: occupying about 14 % of the Belaruslan territory and concentrating 12 % of its population, the Region manufactures over 17 % of industrial output and 12 % of agricultural output of the country. The Region's industry Is represented by 232 enterprises. Among those of other former Soviet republics, the Region ranks first in production of self-propelled scrapers and underground motor-vehicle trains, tractor trailers and fertilizer spreaders, passenger lifts and cigarette paper. In Belarus Mogilev Region is the largest producer of tires, cement, centrifugal pumps, electric motors, rolled roofing materials, rubber footwear, tulle and curtains. Production of machine-building, chemical and light industries is export- bound. Chemical industry is dominant in the Region's industry. It is represented in Mogilev, Bobruisk, Krichev. The largest chemical enterprises OJSC "Mogilevkhim- volokno" and OJSC "Belshina" produce over 20 % of the Region's industrial output. OJSC "Mogilevkhimvolokno" as the largest enterprise of synthetic fibres in Europe manufactures 110 types of production, including 95000 tons of fibres and threads and 160000 tons of plastic and synthetic resin. The Bobruisk "Belshina" - one of the biggest enterprises in Europe - produces well over 200 dimension standards of tires for all brands of automobiles, lorries and buses, produced in the Commonwealth of Independent States as well as for foreign automobile brands, in particular for such manufacturers as "Audi", "Mercedes", "Volkswagen", etc. Major machine-building plants are located in Mogilev, Bobruisk and Osipovichi. The Kirov Autoworks in Mogilev is the largest enterprise in Europe producing earth-moving transport machines. The "Mogilevtransmash" produces automobile semi-trailers, container carriers, panel carriers, truck cranes, refrigerators, isothermal vans. The Mogilev "Strom- mashina" manufactures over 400 types of machinery for production of building materials as well as sucker-rod borehole pumps for oil extraction. In the CIS the "Mogilevliftmash" is a leader in production of lifts with hoisting capacity from 100 to 5000 kg. Mogilev lifts function on the territory of the CIS and in 12 countries of Europe, Asia and America. There is a great demand for the metal- working industry products in Belarus as well as in the foreign markets (the USA, Sweden, Hungary, Bulgaria, Rumania, Syria, etc.). OJSC "Krasny Metallst" (Mogilev) is the most notable enterprise. It specializes in covers of high quality produced according to the "Paul" and "Reihard" technologies. Light industry in Mogilev varies greatly: textile, knitted wear and clothing industries, tanning and footwear industries, fur and haberdashery industries. In the XXth century in Mogilev the largest in the USSR combine of silk fabrics was opened. Today on the enterprise basis the modern firms "Mogotex" and "Sopotex" produce a wide range of fabrics. The Mogilev Ribbon Factory "Lenta" supplies knitted wear, clothing, footwear, electrical, furniture makingand other industries with necessary materials. The "Vesnyanka" is the Belarusian leader in garment production. Its industrial collection covers 120-130 models, the annual assortment renewal makes up 90-95 %. Timber industry producing a wide range of furniture, saw-timbers, paper is represented in every district of the Region. Building materials industry is well- developed as well. The "Krovlia" Joint Venture in Osipovichi is the only enterprise in Belarus specializing in light roofing materials. In Krichev and Kostiukovichi there are cement plants in operation. Moreover, the "Belarusian Cement Plant" (Kostiukovichi) ¡sthe largest in the country. The Region's agro-industrial complex 197 comprises 236 collective farms and 75 state farms, 6 poultry factories and 344 individual farms. Agricultural lands occupy 50,3 % of the Region's territory, 31,2 % of which is arable land. In average one collective farm works on about 3600 hectares. Agriculture has been developed taking into consideration the Region's natural conditions. Mogilev Region specializes in grain crops, potatoes and long-fibred flax growing; meat and milk cattle breeding, pig breeding. The gross yield of grain made up 1.042,5 thousand tons. In the public sector livestock amounts to 441,3 thousand cattle heads, 208,7 thousand pig heads In public sector counts 441,3 thousand. Cattle- breeding production (beef and pork) is 75,5 thousand tons a year, which makes up 60kg per capita. In 2004 the milk yield made 422,9 thousand tons - this is about 500kg per one citizen of the Region. Big specialized agricultural companies with industrial production of beef and pork function in the Region. These are the state farm "Gorki" in Gorki District, the state farm "Dobrovolets" in Klichev District, the "Bolshiye Slavieni" in Shklov District, the state farm "Světly" in Cherikov District, the "Ognevskoye" in Slavgorod District, the state farm "Voshod" and the agricultural group "Zaria" in Mogilev District, etc. Besides pig breeding they carry out meat processing as well. The following enterprises of light industry are known far beyond the borders of the Republic: the Holding "Mogilevoblpischeprom", the Mogilev Gelatin Plant, the Klimovichi Distillery, the "Dednovo" Brewery and the "Krasny Pishchevik" in Bobruisk, the "Veinyansky Rodnik" Soft Drinks Plant in Mogilev District, etc. Mogilev Region export makes up over 8 % of the Republic's export, import - 6 %. Export comprises over 30 % of the total volume of the Region's output. Stabledebit of trade balance has been observed recently. The Region pursues multi-vector external economic policy, but the development of integration with Russia (70 % of the Region's foreign trade volume) remains its priority. The Region has trade ties with 93 countries of the world. The key foreign trade partners are Germany, Poland, Italy, Great Britain, Lithuania, the USA, Latvia. At present there are 8 twin cities of the regional centre: Eisenach (Germany), Villeurbanne (France), Wlozlavek (Poland), Klaipeda (Lithuania), Bardejov (Slovakia), Gabrovo (Bulgaria), Kerch (Ukraine) and Tula (Russia). The favourable geographical position, highly qualified engineers and workers, well-developed infrastructure, make the Region attractive for foreign investors. The impetus to investment activities was given in 2002, when there was created FEZ "Mogilev". Over 80 enterprises with foreign capital from 24 countries are registered on the territory of the Region. The detailed information on the Region's economic potential is provided by the Mogilev Region Administration official site in the Internet: www.reaion.moeilev.bv. 198 Educational establishments oí various ranks: 8 higher educational establish¬ ments, 21 secondary special technical schools, 36 vocational technical schools, 503 secondary schools, 11 gymnasiums, 6 lyceums, 2 colleges, etc. The Belarusian State Agricultural Academy is the oldest educational establishment. It was founded on April 24, 1840 in Gorki. Today it is the major higher educational establishment in the Republic of Belarus that trains specialists for agriculture. The Academy works in close collaboration with the leading Universities of Great Britain, France, the USA, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Poland, the Czech Republic, Russia, Ukraine, etc. Mogilev State University named after AAKuleshov is the second largest centre of education. It was founded in 1913. The University trains specialists of over 40 professions for different branches of the national economy and first of all -for public education and the humanities. The Belarusian and foreign citizens can also get education at the Belarusian- Russian University (one of the seven largest technical universities of the Republic), Mogilev State University of Foodstuffs (trains specialists for food processing and chemical industries as well as fortrade), the Pedagogical Faculty of Belarus State Music Academy. Thetraditions of different countries have interwoven in the Region's culture. For centuries Belarus has been uniting creative power of many nations. For its long historical development the Belarusian nation has created a number of original architectural monuments. The most delightful of them make part of the world's and the Republic's treasury. Palaces, cathedrals, administrative buildings and dwelling houses represent various architectural styles: gothic, renaissance, baroque, classicism. Of great value are the ensemble of currently functioning St. Nicholas's Orthodox Convent (the XVIIth-XVIIIth centuries) and StStanislav's Cathedral (the XVIIIth century) situated in the regional centre. Important historical monuments of architecture have remained in Bobruisk, Mstislavl, Shklov, Gorki, Krichev and other towns. 27 museums and their affiliates function on the territory of Mogilev Region. The biggest Mogilev museums - the Museum of Regional Studies, the Art Museum of Bialynitski-Birulya, Maslenikov Regional Arts Museum - possess the richest collections. Marvelous works of art are displayed there: ¡cons, paintings, jewelry, weaving, woodcarved items, works of applied arts and ancient books. They reveal the beauty of the Belarusian soul, the ability to see the charms of the native land and reproduce them according to the laws of harmony. Of particular interest are the expositions created in the museums of Mstislavl, Krugloye, Bobruisk, Kostiukovichi. Modern drama and musical art of the Region is based on the centuries-old traditions of the Belarusian folklore and Europea:'. С^ЅЅкЅ. ІЛ ÚIB ί,.ί^ίΟΓ! ЇіїйГЄ 8ι'Θ V.'rse profesional tl·' .ічйї. 'itis olisci of thü.v - 'che Mogilev Regional Drama Theatre - dates its history back to 188S. More than 10000 amateur performances take place annually. International and regional festivals as well as amateur and folk art festivals are held in the Region every year. These are the Family Festival "Constellation of Talents" and the "Polessie Triangle" Festival in Glusk District, the Children's Festival "Golden Bee" in Klimovichi District, the Regional Festival "Folk Chastooshka" in Slavgorod District, etc. Every September the Belarusian, Russian, Ukrainian, Moldavian and Polish artists take part in the International Folklore Festival "Wreath of Friendship" in Mogilv Region. The "Golden Hit" International Musical Festival, for the first time held in 1995, stands out of the Region's festive life. The "Golden Hit" concerts are given in Minsk, Mogilev and all the Region's towns at the same time. From 1996 the contest of young singers is held within the festival. The singers from 20 countries of the world have already taken partin it. Bom in 1993 and taking place in the middle of July, the International Christian Music Festival "Mahutny Bozha" ("Mighty God") brings fame to Mogilev Region as well. Works by the composers living in the region where the choirs are from make up not less than 50% of the choirs' program. The wide festival geography covers Belarus, Ukraine, Russia, Poland, Holland, Georgia, Rumania, Germany, France, Bulgaria and other countries. Mogilev invites everybody to take part in the festival (clubs, parish children's and adult choirs, professionals). A number of traditional international sports tournaments are hold in the Region: free-style wrestling and volleyball tournaments in honour of the USSR Heroes N.F. Korolyov and L.E. Manevich respectively, table tennis tournament in memory of Tanya Karpinskaya, Vladimírov orienteeringtournament, sports and games tournament for Mogilev Region Governors Prize. In Mogilev it has become a tradition to hold the "Golden Lion" and "Golden Hare" Competitions - the international sports competitions among athletes in wheelchairs. The number of Mogilev representatives in the national squads of the Republic of Belarus exceeds 380. Among world-famous sportsmen there are a lot of Mogilev Region natives. In 1988 in Seoul Mogilev citizen Svetlana Baitova, taking part in gymnastics competittions, was the first to win the Olympic gold. At the same Olympic Games Viktor Reneisky from Bobruisk won the Olympic gold twice in kayak and canoe racing. In 1992 in Barcelona duringthe XXV Olympic Games Alexander Maseikov from Mogilev won the Champion title in the same sport. In 2004 in Athens during the XII Paralympic Summer Games swimmer Roman Makarov won 3 gold medals. The people of Mogilev Region entered the XXIst century with optimism and now they look ahead with hope and enthusiasm.
adam_txt	ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕ Мы смотрим в будущее с оптимизмом .3 Эхо минувших столетий .5 Географическое положение, природа .27 Население .34 Экономика .37 Промышленность и бизнес .38 Сельское хозяйство .56 Торговля и бытовое обслуживание .66 Строительство .68 Транспорт, связь и средства массовой информации .70 Внешнеэкономические связи .72 Социальная сфера .74 Здравоохранение .76 Образование и наука .82 Культура .91 Архитектура .92 Религия .108 Литература .112 Музеи и выставочные залы .116 Спектакли, концерты, фестивали .120 Физическая культура, спорт, туризм .128 Города областного подчинения .135 Могилев .136 Бобруйск .142 Районы Могилевской области .146 Белыничский район .148 Бобруйский район .150 Быховский район .152 Глусский район .154 Горецкий район .156 Дрибинский район .158 Кировский район .160 Климовичский район .162 Кличевский район .164 Костюковичский район .166 Краснопольский район .168 Кричевский район .170 Круглянский район .172 Могилевский район .174 Мстиславский район .176 Осиповичский район .178 Славгородский район .180 Хотимский район .182 Чаусский район .184 Чериковский район .186 Шкловский район .188 Историко-архитектурные памятники Могилевской области (экскурсионно-туристические маршруты) .190 Рзспубліка Белапусь. Магілеуская вобласць (скарочаны 3Mtv .у .192 The Republic of Belarus. Mogilev Region (Summary) .195 199 мабільньї завод ¡мяС.М.Кірава-буйней- шае ý Eýpone прадпрыемства па выпус¬ ку землярыйна-транспартнай тзхнікі. "Маплёутрансмаш" вырабляе аута- мабільньїя паупрычэпы, кантэйнера- возы, панелявозы, аугакраны, рэфрыжэ- ратары і ¡затзрмічньїя фургоны. Ма- гілеускі завод "Строммашына" заняты выпускам больш за 400 відау машын і абсталявання для вьітворчасці будау- нічьіх матэрыялау, а таксама штангавых глыбшных насосау для здабывання нафты. "Магілеуліфтмаш" з'яуляецца буунейшым у СНД спецьіялізаваньїм прадпрыемствам па вьітворчасці ліфтоу грузапад'ёмнасцю ад 100 да 5000 кг. Магілеускія ліфтьі працуюць ва усіх дзяржавах СНД, а таксама у 12 краінах Еуропы, Азіі, Амерьїкі. Вялікім попытам як на Беларусі, так і за яе межамі (ЗША, Швецыя, Венгрыя, Балгарыя, Румьінія, Сірьія і інш.) карыс- таецца прадукцыя металаапрацоучых прадпрыемствау. Сярод ix вылучаецца ДАТ "Чырвоны металіст" (Маплёу), якое выпускав ý вялікім асартыменцевысака- якасныя сталовыя прыборы, што вырабляюцца па тзхналогіі фірмау "Пауль" і "Райхард". Разнастайньїмі з'яуляюцца і галіньї лёгкай прамьісловасці Маплёушчыны: тэкстыльная,трыкатажная, швейная, ску- раная, абутковая, мехавая і галанта- рэйная. У Магілеве ý XX ст. быу пабуда- ваны буйнейшы ý СССР камбінат шауковых тканін. Сёння на базе прад¬ прыемства сучасныя фірмьі "Магатэкс" і "Сапатэкс" выпускаюць вельмі шьірокі асартымент тканін. Магілеуская стужка- ткацкая фабрыка "Стужка" забяспечвае неабходньїмі матзрьіяламі трыкатажную, швейную, абутковую, злектратзхнічную, мэблевую і ¡ншыя галіньї прамьісловасці. Прадпрыемства "Вяснянка" з'яуляецца самай буйной кампаніяй на Беларусі па выпуску швейных вырабау, Яе прамыс- ловая калекцыя прадстаулена 120-130 мадзлямі адзення, штогадовае абнаулен- не асартыменту складає 90-95 %. У кожным раёне вобласці дзей- нічаюць прадпрыемствы ляснога ком¬ плексу, якія выпускаюць шьірокі асарты¬ мент мзблі, піламатзрьіялау, паперы. Не менш шырока прадстаулена прамысло- васць будаунічьіх матэрыялау. Сумеснае прадпрыемства "Кроуля" у Асіповічах - адзінае на Беларусі прадпрыемства па выпуску легкіх кровельных матэрыялау. У Крычаве і Касцюковічах працуюць цэментныя прадпрыемствы, прычым "Беларускі цэментны завод" (Касцкжо- вічьі) з'яуляецца самым буйным у краіне. У склад аграпрамысловага комплек¬ су вобласці уваходзяць 236 сельска- гаспадарчых прадпрыемствау з калек- тыунай і 75 з дзяржаунай уласнасцю, 6 птушкафабрык і 344 фермерская гаспа- даркі. Сельгасугоддзі займаюць 50,3 % тзрьіторьіі вобласці, у тым· ліку ворыва - 31,2 %. У сярзднім на адну калек- тыуную гаспадарку даводзіцца каля 3600 га земляу. У сельскай гаспадарцы склалася спе- цьіялізацьія з улікам прыродных умоу рзгіена. У раслінаводстве Магілеушчьіна 194 спецьіялізуецца на вьірошчваї-ші зерня, бульбы і льну-даугунцу; у жывёлазодстве - на вьітворчасці малака і мяса. Валавы збор зерня у 2004 г. склау 1042,5 тыс. тон. Пагалоуе буйной рагатай жывёлы у грамадскім сектары налічвае 441,3 тыс. галоу; пагалоуе свіней - 208,7 тыс. галоу. Вытворчасць мяса ва убойнай вазе (ялавічьіньї і свініньї) - 75,5 тыс. тон за год, што складає на душу насельніцтва каля 60 кг. Вытворчасць малака у 2004 г. склала 422,9 тыс. тон - тэта каля 500 кг на аднаго жыхара вобласці. У рэпёне працуюць бууныя спецы- ялізаваньїя комплексы, дзе вытворчасць ялавічьіньї і свініньї пастаулена на пра- мысловую аснову. Гэта "Саугас-камбінат "Горкі" Горацкага /'Cayrac "Добраах- вотнік" Клічаускага, "Вялікія Славені" Шклоускага , "Саугас-камбінат "Светлы" Чэрыкаускага, "Вогнеускае" Слауга- радскага , "Саугас-камбінат "Усход" і "Аг- ракамбінат "Зара" Магілеускага раёнау і інш. Акрамя вырошчвання свіней, яны вядуць перапрацоуку мяса. Сярод прадпрыемстваухарчовай пра¬ мьісловасці, прадукцыя якіх вядомая далека за межамі рзспублікі, вылуча- юцца "Холдзінг "Магілеуаблхарчпрам", "Магілеускі жзлацінавьі завод", "Клі- мавіцкі лікера-гарзлачньї завод", "Піва- варачны завод "Дзеднава" і "Чырвоны харчавік" у Бабруйску, "Вяйнянская крьініца" у Магілеускім раёне і інш. На долю Магілеускай вобласці да¬ водзіцца больш за 8 % зкспарту рзс¬ публікі і 6 % імпарту. У агульным аб'ёме вьітворчасці прадукцьіі рзгіена зкспарт складає больш за ЗО %. На працягу апошніх гадоу вобласць стабільна має станоучае сальда гандлёвага балансу. У знешнезканамічнай дзейнасці за- хоУваецца шматвектарная палітьїка, аднак прыярытэтным напрамкам за- стаецца развіццеусебаковай інтзграцьіі з Расіяй, на долю якой даводзіцца амаль 70 % аб'ёму знешняга гандлю вобласці. У цэлым вобласць падтрьімлівае ганд- лёвыя сувязі з 93 краінамі свету. Сярод дзяржау дальняга замежжа галоуньїмі гандлевьімі партнёрам! выступаюць Гер¬ манія, Польшча, Італія, Вялікабрьітанія, Літва, ЗША, Латвія. На сенняшні дзень абласны цэнтр мае 8 гарадоу-пабра- цімау: Айзенах (Германія), Вілербан (Францыя), Влацлавек (Польшча), Клай¬ педа (Літва), Бардэёф (Славакія), Габрава (Балгарыя), Керч (Україна) і Тула (Расія). Наша вобласць, дзякуючы выгаднаму геаграфічнаму становішчу, наяунасці высока кваліфікаваньїх інжьінерна- тзхнічньїх і рабочых кадрау, развітай ¡нфраструктуры, з'яуляецца прыцягаль- най для замежных ¡нвестыцый. Штурш- ком да актьівізацьіі ¡нвестыцыйнай дзей¬ насці з'явілася стварэнне у 2002 г. сва- боднай зканамічнай зоны "Магілеу". На тзрьіторьіі вобласці зарзгістравана больш за 80 прадпрыемствау з замеж- ньімі ¡нвестьщьіямі з 24 країн. Змястоуная ¡нфармацыя пра зка- намічньї патэнцыял вобласці размеш- чана на афіцьійньїм сайце Магілеускага аблвыканкама у сетцы Internet: www.reaion.moeilev.bv. Вьісокі Узровень адукацьіі на¬ сельніцтва Маплёушчыны забяспеч- ваюць навучальныя установы рознага узроуню: 8 вышэйшых, 21 сярэдняе спе- цыяльнае, 36 прафесійна-тзхнічньїхуста- ноу, 503 агульнаадукацыйныя школы, 11 гімназій, 6 ліцзяу, 2 каледжы і інш. Старэйшай вышэйшай навучальнай установай з'яуляецца Беларуская дзяр- жауная сельскагаспадарчая акадзмія. Яна была заснавана у г. Горкі 24 кра- савіка 1840 г. Сёння гэта вядучая вы- шэйшая навучальная установа Рзспублікі Беларусь па падрыхтоуцы кадрау для сельскай гаспадаркі. Акадзмія актыуна супрацоунічае з вядучьімі ВНУ Вяліка- брьітаніі, Францьіі, ЗША, Германії, Бельгїі, Нідзрландау, Швейцарьіі, Польшчы, Чзхіі, Păcii, Україньї і іншьіх країн. Другім буйным цэнтрам адукацьіі з'яуляецца Магілеускі дзяржауны універсітзт імя ААКуляшова. Ён быу за- снаваны у 1913 г. ВНУ праводзїць пад- рыхтоуку кадрау па больш чым 40 спецы- яльнасцях для розных галінау народнай гаспадаркі і, перш за усё, для сферы адукацьіі і гуманітарнай навукі. Адукацыйныя паслугі беларускім і за- межным грамадзянам таксама прапа- ноуваюць Беларуска-Расійскі універсітзт (уваходзіць у сямёрку найбольш буйных тзхнічньїх ВНУ рзспублікі), Магілеускі дзяржауны універсітзт харчавання (рыхтуе спецьіялістау для харчовай, хімічнай прамьісловасці і гандлю), педа- гагічньї факультзт Беларускай дзяр¬ жаунай акадзміі музьїкі. У культуры Магілеускай зямлі пера- пляліся традьїцьіі розных краін. Беларусь была месцам, дзе на працягу стагоддзяу аб'ядноуваліся творчыя сільї многіх наро- дау. За працяглы перыяд гістарьічнага развіцця беларускім народам створана нямала помнікаУ арьігінальнай архітзк- туры. Лепшыя з ix увайшлі у сусветную і рзспубліканскую скарбніцу. Палацы, саборы, комплексы грамадзянскай і адміністрацьшнай забудовы уяуляюць архітзктуру розных стыляу: готьікі, рэне- сансу, барока, класіцьізму. У абласным цэнтры асаблівую каштоунасць уяуляе комплекс зараз дзеючага праваслауна- га Свята-Мікалаеускага манастыра XVII—XVIII ст. і касцёл Святога Станіслава XVIII ст. Каштоуныя гісторьїка-архітзк- турныя помнікі захаваліся у Бабруйску, Мсціславе, Шклове, Горках, Крычаве і ¡ншых гарадах. На тзрьіторьіі Магілеускай вобласці працуе 27 музеяу і філіялау. Найбольш багатыя зкспазіцьіі вядучых музеяу г.Магілева - абласнога краязнаучага музея, мастацкага музея імя В.К.Бя- льініцкага-Бірулі, абласнога мастацкага музея імя П.В.Масленікава. У ix прад- стаУлены зкспазіцьіі цудоуныхтворау ма- стацтва: іконау, мастацкіх палотнау, ювелірньїх упрыгожанняу, ткацтва, разьбы па дрэве, прыкладнога мас¬ та цтва, а таксама старажытных кніг. Яны раскрываюць прыгажосць душы бела- рускага народа, здольнасць бачыць і перадаваць па законах гармони стрыма- ную красу сваей зямлі. У раённых цэнтрах асабліва цікавьія зкспазіцьіі стварьілі су- працоунікі музеяуу Мсціславе, Круглым, Бабруйску, Касцюковічах. Сучаснаетэатральнае і музычнае ма- стацтва Прыдняпроуя заснавана на векавых традыцыях беларускай народ- най і еурапейскай класічнай культуры. У вобласці дзейнічаюць 3 прафесійньїя тэатры, старэйшы з якіх - Магілеускі абласны драматычнытэатр - пачаусваю гісторьію ý 1888 г. Больш за 10 000 спектакляу і канцзр- таукожны годдаюць калектывы мастац- кай самадзейнасці. У рэпёне штогод пра- водзяцца міжнародньїя, рзгіянальньїя, абласныя і раённыя фестьівалі, святы, агляды народнай творчасці. Гэта фесты¬ валь сямейнай творчасці "Сузор'етален- тау" і "ПалескЈтрохкутн^у Глускім раёне, фестываль дзіцячай творчасці "Залатая пчолка" у Клімавіцкім раёне, абласное свята "Народная частушка" у Слауга- радскім раёне і ¡нш. У верасні на Магілеушчьіне праводзіцца Міжнародньї фальклорны фестываль "Вянокдружбы" зудзелам калектывау Беларусі, Păcii, Ук- раіньї, Малдовы, Польшчы. Асноуным у фестывальным жьіцці Маплеушчыны з'яуляецца Міжнародньї фестываль "Залаты шлягер", які быу упершыню арганізаваньї ý 1995 г. Кан- цэрты "Залатога шлягера" праходзяць адначасова у Магілеве, Мінску, ва усіх гарадах Маплёускай вобласці. 3 1996 г. у межах фестывалю праводзіцца кон¬ курс маладых выканауцау, удзельніка- мі якога сталі прадстаунікі з 20 країн свету. Не менш гучную славу Магілеушчьіне прьшосіць Міжнародньї фестываль духоунай музьікі "Магутны Божа", які пра¬ водзіцца пастаянна ý сярздзіне ліпеня з 1993 г. Не менш за 50 % праграмы вы- ступаючых на фестьівалі харавых калек¬ тывау складаюць творы таго рзгіену, ад- куль прыбыу хор. Геаграфія фестывалю шырокая: Беларусь, Україна, Расія, Польшча, Галандыя, Грузія, Румьінія, Гер¬ манія, Францыя, Балгарыя і іншьія краіньї. Прыняць удзел у фестьівалі Магілеу запрашае усіх жадаючых - клубныя, прьіходскія дзіцячьія ¡дарослыя хоры, прафесійньїя калектывы. У вобласці праводзіцца шэрагтрады- цыйных міжнародньїх спартыуных турнірау: па вольнай барацьбе і валей- боле на прызы Герояу Савецкага Саюза М.П.Каралёва і Л.Я.Маневіча; па на¬ стольным тзнісе, прысвечаны памяціТані Карпінскай; па спартыуным арыента- ванні імя капітана K.P. Уладзімірава; па спартыуных гульнях на прызы старшьіні Магілеускага абласнога выканаучага камітзта. У г. Магілеве стала традыцыяй правядзенне міжнародньїх спабор- ніцтвау сярод інвалідау-калясачнікау "Залаты леу" і "Залаты заяц". Колькасцьмапляучанунацыянальных камандах Рзспублікі Беларусь перавы- шае 380 чалавек. Сярод праслауленых на увесь свет дзеячау спорту нямала ура- джэнцау Маплёускай вобласці. Першай званне чзмпіенкі Алімпійскіх гульняу за- ваявала у 1988 г. у Сеуле магшяучанка Святлана Баітава, выступаушая ý спа- борніцтвах па спартыунай пмнастыцы; тады ж, у Сеуле, бабруйчанін Віктар Рэ- нейскідвойчьі перамогуспаборніцтвах па грзблі на байдарках і каноэ; у гэтым жа відзе спорту магіляучанін Аляксандр Масяйкоу удастоены высокага звання чзмпіена на XXV Алімпійскіх гульнях 1992 г. у Барселоне. На XII летніх Па- ралімпійскіх гульнях 2004 г. у Афінах плывец Раман Макарау заваявау 3 за- латыя медалі. З аптьімізмам сустрзлі жыхары Магілеускай вобласці XXI стагоддзе і сёння з надзеяй глядзяць у будучыню. ТНЕ REPUBLIC OF BELARUS. MOGILEV REGION (Summary) Mogilev Region has a glorious history closely interwoven with destinies of such great European powers as Kievan Rus, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Germany, France, Sweden, the USSR. Since ancient times owing to their location on the Road from the Vikings to the Greeks, Mogilev lands were of great transport value and therefore in the second half of the IXth century theyalready formed part of Kievan Rus. Big towns, stone temples, the art of war and the developed written language were the evidence of our culture being on the same level with progressive countries of that time. In the IXth-Xth centuries the Slavs were developing the territory of present-day Mogilev at a great rate. In the Xlth-Xlllth centuries there was a fortification on Mogiła Hill, a settlement near the river Dubravenka. The most ancient towns of Mogilev Region are Krichev (1136), Prupoi (Slavgorod) (1136), and Mstislavl (1156). Mogilev is considered to be founded in 1267, when there was built a castle on the high Dnieper bank. After the disintegration of Kievan Rus Mogilev lands were incorporated in the Drutsk Principality, the Turov Principality, the Smolensk Principality and the Mstislavl Principality and in the XlVth century they formed part of a new potent state - the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Our ancestors participated in numerous military cam paigns and battles. Th us, in 1410 near the town Grunwald the united army of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland routed the Crusaders of the 195 Teutonic Order. At the crucial moment of the battle an exceptional courage was displayed by the soldiers underthe banners of Orsha, Mstislavl and Smolensk regiments. Mogilev inhabitants headed by Duke Simeon Algerdovich made part of those regiments. In the XVth-XVIth centuries Mogilev turned into a big crafts centre of Belarus, it had close trade ties with Poland, Russia, Baltic and Czech lands. In 1577 the town received the Magdeburg Right and its emblem. In the middle of the XVI Ith century in Mogilev area there were already about- 40 towns and villages. The largest of them was the province centre - the town of Mstislavl. But in the XVIth-XVIIth centuries the population of Belarus could not lead a peaceful life because of the long-lasting conflict between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, later Rzęch Pospolita, and the Moscow Principality for the dominance in Eastern Europe. Thus, Mogilev lands suffered bitterly during the war of 1667, when the population in Orsha District decreased by 69 %, in Mstislavl District - by 71%. During the Northern War Russia acted as our ally in the struggle against Sweden. In 1708 near the village of Golovchin the Swedish army defeated the Russian corps and marched into Mogilev. Emperor Charles XII of Sweden had a month's rest there before starting towards the East. On September 28, 1708 at the village of Lesnaya near Propoisk (currently the town of Slavgorod) the army of Tsar Peter the Great crushed the Swedish corps of General Levengaupt - subdivision of the best European army. The battle at the village of Lesnaya was the Russians' first major victory that infused courage into the soldiers. To commemorate the 200th anniversary of the battle a chapel and a monument with the engraving "In commemoration of the battle at Lesnaya - mother of the victory in the battle of Poltava" were erected on the battle's field. Russia won the victory in that war, but for Belarus the results of the conflict turned to be tragic again: every third citizen perished. After the Northern War in the course of almost a century the flame of great wars avoided the Belarusian land. That period was marked by the population growth, economic and cultural revival. In the second half of the XVIIth-XVIIIth centuries construction of stone baroque churches in the region was extended. Mogilev St. Nicholas Church, the Carmelite catholic churches in Belynichy, Mogilev, Mstislavl and Bobruisk were notable for their rich decor and wall-paintings. In the XVIIIth century rural population of Mogilev area became mainly Unitarian, but Mogilev citizens remained Orthodox. Mogilev was the centre of Orthodox diocese, the only in Belarus at that time. Mogilev bishops Silvestr Kosov, Ignati levlevlch and George Konissky - the first Mogilev saint, patron of the town - became famous for their significant and fruitful public and educational activities. At the end of the XVIIIth century in the 196 result of the partitions of Rzęch Pospolita the Belarusian lands were annexed to Russia. Mogilev became the centre of a vast province. Road building and defence jobs promoted the development of patrimonial manufactory and trade. At the beginning of the XlXth century within Russia's preparations for the war against France a grandiose fortress was built on the site of ancient Bobruisk. During the war of 1812 its garrison helped greatly the retreating army of Bagration. On July 11,1812 at the village of Saltanovka near Mogilevthefierce battle between French forces of Marshal Davout and the Russian corps of General Raevski took place. That battle let the army of Bagration cross the Dnieper in the vicinity of New and Old Bykhov and join the army of Barclay de Tolly in Smolensk, which was of great strategic importance. The abolition of serfdom, the bourgeois reforms of the 1860s in Russia gave impetus to the economic development of the region. Food processing, textile, tanning and timber processing industries were developing at that time. Belarusgained one of the leading positions in Russia by the density of railway lines. Water lines were constructed, a telegraph was put in action. At the beginning of the XlXth century a city electrical power station and a telephone exchange started working in Mogilev, automobile taxi routes were introduced and thefirst cinema demonstrations took place. New factories and plants were opened. Thus, in 1913 the Mogilev iron foundry and the Shklov paper-mill were put into operation. Positive tendencies in the economy were suspended by World War I in 1914. Mogilev hosted the Headquarters of the Russian Army Supreme Commander-in-Chief. There were situated the missions of the Entente member-countries, Russian allies, as well. The town was in the thick of historical events of European and world significance. The Russian Emperor Nikolai II as Commander-in-Chief and his son Alexei lived in the house of Mogilev Governor for weeks. During the Revolution of 1917 Mogilev was one of the Anti-Bolshevik movement centres. But revolutionary soldiers forced the local Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies to recognize the Soviet power. The region witnessed industrial nationalization and confiscation of landlords' estates. On January 1,1919 in Smolensk the formation of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic was proclaimed. The territory of Mogilev Region formed part of Orsha, Mogilev and Kalinin Districts. In 1938 the administrative reform was carried out in Belarus. Asa resulto regions were formed, including Mogilev Region. The 1930s went down ¡n history as a period of speeded up industrialization. The Belarusian authorities pursued the policy of the industrial development directed at the local sources of raw materials. In 1926 the foundation of the biggest in the Europe of that time mechanized timber processing combine was laid in Bobruisk. In 1930 a plant of synthetic fibres, a tube-casting plant, an auto repair plant, a furniture making factory and a bone processing factory were opened in Mogilev. Agriculture was characterized by rapid, often compulsory collectivization. The Great Patriotic War became a terrible ordeal forthe Belarusian people. In the very first days of the war people's volunteer corps were formed in our towns. Daily about 40ooo Mogilev citizens worked on the construction of defences around the town. In July, 1941 particularly violent battles were fought in the Buinichy Field in the vicinity of Mogilev. The soldiers from the 388th Rifle Corps under the command of Colonel Kutepov displayed great courage and heroism - they shot down and burnt about 180 German armoured units. Later, the "Buinichy Field" Memorial Complex was unveiled here to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the victory over fascism. The first battle with the fascists from the Polish Infantry Division named after T.Kosciuzsko took place on October 12-13, 1943 near the village of Lenino, Goretsk District. Nowadays one can visit the Soviet- Polish Fighting Fraternity Museum in the village. Duringthefascist occupation of Mogilev partisan brigades continued the struggle. The most numerous partisan formations were concentrated in the woods of Bykhov, Belynichi, Kirovsk, Klichev and Krugloye Districts. Large partisan zones and aerodromes were situated there. Thousands of the region natives fought at the war fronts. The region gave 114 Heroes of the Soviet Union, three twice Heroes of the Soviet Union - I.Gusakovsky, S.Shutov, IJakubovsky - and 23 holders of the Order of Glory First and Second Classes. The war brought irreplaceable human and colossal material losses. By the moment of the city's liberation in Mogilev there were less than lOooo citizens left. The Region lost half of its national wealth. However, patriotic enthusiasm and pridefor the countrythat defeated the Nazi Germany contributed to the revival of the national economy. In the 1950-80S the industrial potential of the Region increased greatly. Mogilev area grew into a large-scale chemical region. The Bobruisk Hydrolytic Plant, one of the biggest plants in Europe "Bobruiskshina", the largest enterprise in Europe "Mogilevchimvolokno", the Production Association of Silk Fabrics were put into operation. In Bobruisk the Ma¬ chine-Building Plant, the Weight Measuring Plant, the Ship-Repair Plant, the Tractor Parts and Aggregates Plant, the Auto Tractor Parts Plant and some other plants ex¬ panded their production. In Mogilev - the "Strommashina" Plant, the "Electro- dvigatel", the "Technopribor" Plant, the "Zenit", the Transport Engineering Plant, the "Liftmash" Plant. Food processing, building and timber processing industries developed in district centres. However, starting from the 1970s the rate of industrial growth began to decrease gradually. The explosion at the Chernobyl nuclear power station in 1986 became a national tragedy for the Belarusian people. In Mogilev Region the greatest damage by radioactive contamination was caused to Bykhov, Krasnopolie, Kostiukovichi, Slavgorod, Cherikov and Chaussy Districts. About 35000 people living in about 300 populated areas were settled out. In the second part of the 1980s unsolved economic and social problems made the Communist Party of the Soviet Union launch the policy of "perestroïka". In 1990-1991 mass meetings supporting democratization took place in Mogilev. After the disintegration of the USSR Mogilev residents turned into the citizens of an independent state - the Republic of Belarus. In recent years the stable growth of industrial production has been observed in the Region (8-10 % per year), cooperation with foreign companies Is being developed. The most remarkable changes have come about cultural and spiritual spheres. In the course of a spiritual renaissance a number of books on the Region history have been published. The International Christian Music Festival "Mahutny Bozha" ("Mighty God"), the "Golden Hit" International Musical Festival, the International Ballroom Dance Festival "Winter Fantasy", the Chamber Music Festival named after N. Churkin and other festivals are held annually nowadays. Mogilev Region is the eastern-most region of the Republic bordering on the Russian Federation. Three big rivers - the Dnieper, the Sozh, the Beresina - cross the Region. The Dnieper is the principle river of our area. The whole territory of the Region (29,1 thousand square kilometres) belongs to its basin. This river is the third in Europe in length (2201 km) and in catchment basin area (504 thousand square kilometres) after the Volga and the Danube. The Region has the following administrative division: two regional cities - Mogilev (365 thousand residents) and Bobruisk (221 thousand residents) - 21 districts that comprise 15 towns, 6 urban- type settlements and 3 workmen's settlements, 194 Village Soviets with 3120 rural populated areas. The Region's people (1157,8 thousand residents) have a high level of education. Mogilev Region disposes of skilled chemists, machine builders, textile- workers, machine-operators, cattle- breeders, which tells on its contribution to the national economy: occupying about 14 % of the Belaruslan territory and concentrating 12 % of its population, the Region manufactures over 17 % of industrial output and 12 % of agricultural output of the country. The Region's industry Is represented by 232 enterprises. Among those of other former Soviet republics, the Region ranks first in production of self-propelled scrapers and underground motor-vehicle trains, tractor trailers and fertilizer spreaders, passenger lifts and cigarette paper. In Belarus Mogilev Region is the largest producer of tires, cement, centrifugal pumps, electric motors, rolled roofing materials, rubber footwear, tulle and curtains. Production of machine-building, chemical and light industries is export- bound. Chemical industry is dominant in the Region's industry. It is represented in Mogilev, Bobruisk, Krichev. The largest chemical enterprises OJSC "Mogilevkhim- volokno" and OJSC "Belshina" produce over 20 % of the Region's industrial output. OJSC "Mogilevkhimvolokno" as the largest enterprise of synthetic fibres in Europe manufactures 110 types of production, including 95000 tons of fibres and threads and 160000 tons of plastic and synthetic resin. The Bobruisk "Belshina" - one of the biggest enterprises in Europe - produces well over 200 dimension standards of tires for all brands of automobiles, lorries and buses, produced in the Commonwealth of Independent States as well as for foreign automobile brands, in particular for such manufacturers as "Audi", "Mercedes", "Volkswagen", etc. Major machine-building plants are located in Mogilev, Bobruisk and Osipovichi. The Kirov Autoworks in Mogilev is the largest enterprise in Europe producing earth-moving transport machines. The "Mogilevtransmash" produces automobile semi-trailers, container carriers, panel carriers, truck cranes, refrigerators, isothermal vans. The Mogilev "Strom- mashina" manufactures over 400 types of machinery for production of building materials as well as sucker-rod borehole pumps for oil extraction. In the CIS the "Mogilevliftmash" is a leader in production of lifts with hoisting capacity from 100 to 5000 kg. Mogilev lifts function on the territory of the CIS and in 12 countries of Europe, Asia and America. There is a great demand for the metal- working industry products in Belarus as well as in the foreign markets (the USA, Sweden, Hungary, Bulgaria, Rumania, Syria, etc.). OJSC "Krasny Metallst" (Mogilev) is the most notable enterprise. It specializes in covers of high quality produced according to the "Paul" and "Reihard" technologies. Light industry in Mogilev varies greatly: textile, knitted wear and clothing industries, tanning and footwear industries, fur and haberdashery industries. In the XXth century in Mogilev the largest in the USSR combine of silk fabrics was opened. Today on the enterprise basis the modern firms "Mogotex" and "Sopotex" produce a wide range of fabrics. The Mogilev Ribbon Factory "Lenta" supplies knitted wear, clothing, footwear, electrical, furniture makingand other industries with necessary materials. The "Vesnyanka" is the Belarusian leader in garment production. Its industrial collection covers 120-130 models, the annual assortment renewal makes up 90-95 %. Timber industry producing a wide range of furniture, saw-timbers, paper is represented in every district of the Region. Building materials industry is well- developed as well. The "Krovlia" Joint Venture in Osipovichi is the only enterprise in Belarus specializing in light roofing materials. In Krichev and Kostiukovichi there are cement plants in operation. Moreover, the "Belarusian Cement Plant" (Kostiukovichi) ¡sthe largest in the country. The Region's agro-industrial complex 197 comprises 236 collective farms and 75 state farms, 6 poultry factories and 344 individual farms. Agricultural lands occupy 50,3 % of the Region's territory, 31,2 % of which is arable land. In average one collective farm works on about 3600 hectares. Agriculture has been developed taking into consideration the Region's natural conditions. Mogilev Region specializes in grain crops, potatoes and long-fibred flax growing; meat and milk cattle breeding, pig breeding. The gross yield of grain made up 1.042,5 thousand tons. In the public sector livestock amounts to 441,3 thousand cattle heads, 208,7 thousand pig heads In public sector counts 441,3 thousand. Cattle- breeding production (beef and pork) is 75,5 thousand tons a year, which makes up 60kg per capita. In 2004 the milk yield made 422,9 thousand tons - this is about 500kg per one citizen of the Region. Big specialized agricultural companies with industrial production of beef and pork function in the Region. These are the state farm "Gorki" in Gorki District, the state farm "Dobrovolets" in Klichev District, the "Bolshiye Slavieni" in Shklov District, the state farm "Světly" in Cherikov District, the "Ognevskoye" in Slavgorod District, the state farm "Voshod" and the agricultural group "Zaria" in Mogilev District, etc. Besides pig breeding they carry out meat processing as well. The following enterprises of light industry are known far beyond the borders of the Republic: the Holding "Mogilevoblpischeprom", the Mogilev Gelatin Plant, the Klimovichi Distillery, the "Dednovo" Brewery and the "Krasny Pishchevik" in Bobruisk, the "Veinyansky Rodnik" Soft Drinks Plant in Mogilev District, etc. Mogilev Region export makes up over 8 % of the Republic's export, import - 6 %. Export comprises over 30 % of the total volume of the Region's output. Stabledebit of trade balance has been observed recently. The Region pursues multi-vector external economic policy, but the development of integration with Russia (70 % of the Region's foreign trade volume) remains its priority. The Region has trade ties with 93 countries of the world. The key foreign trade partners are Germany, Poland, Italy, Great Britain, Lithuania, the USA, Latvia. At present there are 8 twin cities of the regional centre: Eisenach (Germany), Villeurbanne (France), Wlozlavek (Poland), Klaipeda (Lithuania), Bardejov (Slovakia), Gabrovo (Bulgaria), Kerch (Ukraine) and Tula (Russia). The favourable geographical position, highly qualified engineers and workers, well-developed infrastructure, make the Region attractive for foreign investors. The impetus to investment activities was given in 2002, when there was created FEZ "Mogilev". Over 80 enterprises with foreign capital from 24 countries are registered on the territory of the Region. The detailed information on the Region's economic potential is provided by the Mogilev Region Administration official site in the Internet: www.reaion.moeilev.bv. 198 Educational establishments oí various ranks: 8 higher educational establish¬ ments, 21 secondary special technical schools, 36 vocational technical schools, 503 secondary schools, 11 gymnasiums, 6 lyceums, 2 colleges, etc. The Belarusian State Agricultural Academy is the oldest educational establishment. It was founded on April 24, 1840 in Gorki. Today it is the major higher educational establishment in the Republic of Belarus that trains specialists for agriculture. The Academy works in close collaboration with the leading Universities of Great Britain, France, the USA, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Poland, the Czech Republic, Russia, Ukraine, etc. Mogilev State University named after AAKuleshov is the second largest centre of education. It was founded in 1913. The University trains specialists of over 40 professions for different branches of the national economy and first of all -for public education and the humanities. The Belarusian and foreign citizens can also get education at the Belarusian- Russian University (one of the seven largest technical universities of the Republic), Mogilev State University of Foodstuffs (trains specialists for food processing and chemical industries as well as fortrade), the Pedagogical Faculty of Belarus State Music Academy. Thetraditions of different countries have interwoven in the Region's culture. For centuries Belarus has been uniting creative power of many nations. For its long historical development the Belarusian nation has created a number of original architectural monuments. The most delightful of them make part of the world's and the Republic's treasury. Palaces, cathedrals, administrative buildings and dwelling houses represent various architectural styles: gothic, renaissance, baroque, classicism. Of great value are the ensemble of currently functioning St. Nicholas's Orthodox Convent (the XVIIth-XVIIIth centuries) and StStanislav's Cathedral (the XVIIIth century) situated in the regional centre. Important historical monuments of architecture have remained in Bobruisk, Mstislavl, Shklov, Gorki, Krichev and other towns. 27 museums and their affiliates function on the territory of Mogilev Region. The biggest Mogilev museums - the Museum of Regional Studies, the Art Museum of Bialynitski-Birulya, Maslenikov Regional Arts Museum - possess the richest collections. Marvelous works of art are displayed there: ¡cons, paintings, jewelry, weaving, woodcarved items, works of applied arts and ancient books. They reveal the beauty of the Belarusian soul, the ability to see the charms of the native land and reproduce them according to the laws of harmony. Of particular interest are the expositions created in the museums of Mstislavl, Krugloye, Bobruisk, Kostiukovichi. Modern drama and musical art of the Region is based on the centuries-old traditions of the Belarusian folklore and Europea:'. С^ЅЅкЅ. ІЛ ÚIB ί,.ί^ίΟΓ! ЇіїйГЄ 8ι'Θ V.'rse profesional tl·' .ічйї. 'itis olisci of thü.v - 'che Mogilev Regional Drama Theatre - dates its history back to 188S. More than 10000 amateur performances take place annually. International and regional festivals as well as amateur and folk art festivals are held in the Region every year. These are the Family Festival "Constellation of Talents" and the "Polessie Triangle" Festival in Glusk District, the Children's Festival "Golden Bee" in Klimovichi District, the Regional Festival "Folk Chastooshka" in Slavgorod District, etc. Every September the Belarusian, Russian, Ukrainian, Moldavian and Polish artists take part in the International Folklore Festival "Wreath of Friendship" in Mogilv Region. The "Golden Hit" International Musical Festival, for the first time held in 1995, stands out of the Region's festive life. The "Golden Hit" concerts are given in Minsk, Mogilev and all the Region's towns at the same time. From 1996 the contest of young singers is held within the festival. The singers from 20 countries of the world have already taken partin it. Bom in 1993 and taking place in the middle of July, the International Christian Music Festival "Mahutny Bozha" ("Mighty God") brings fame to Mogilev Region as well. Works by the composers living in the region where the choirs are from make up not less than 50% of the choirs' program. The wide festival geography covers Belarus, Ukraine, Russia, Poland, Holland, Georgia, Rumania, Germany, France, Bulgaria and other countries. Mogilev invites everybody to take part in the festival (clubs, parish children's and adult choirs, professionals). A number of traditional international sports tournaments are hold in the Region: free-style wrestling and volleyball tournaments in honour of the USSR Heroes N.F. Korolyov and L.E. Manevich respectively, table tennis tournament in memory of Tanya Karpinskaya, Vladimírov orienteeringtournament, sports and games tournament for Mogilev Region Governors Prize. In Mogilev it has become a tradition to hold the "Golden Lion" and "Golden Hare" Competitions - the international sports competitions among athletes in wheelchairs. The number of Mogilev representatives in the national squads of the Republic of Belarus exceeds 380. Among world-famous sportsmen there are a lot of Mogilev Region natives. In 1988 in Seoul Mogilev citizen Svetlana Baitova, taking part in gymnastics competittions, was the first to win the Olympic gold. At the same Olympic Games Viktor Reneisky from Bobruisk won the Olympic gold twice in kayak and canoe racing. In 1992 in Barcelona duringthe XXV Olympic Games Alexander Maseikov from Mogilev won the Champion title in the same sport. In 2004 in Athens during the XII Paralympic Summer Games swimmer Roman Makarov won 3 gold medals. The people of Mogilev Region entered the XXIst century with optimism and now they look ahead with hope and enthusiasm.
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genre	(DE-588)4145395-5 Bildband gnd-content
genre_facet	Bildband
geographic	Oblast Mogiljow (DE-588)4565638-1 gnd
geographic_facet	Oblast Mogiljow
id	DE-604.BV022359858
illustrated	Illustrated
index_date	2024-07-02T17:02:52Z
indexdate	2025-02-21T09:01:28Z
institution	BVB
isbn	9856738512
language	Russian
oai_aleph_id	oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-015569207
oclc_num	645632210
open_access_boolean
owner	DE-12
owner_facet	DE-12
physical	199 S. zahlr. Ill., Kt.
publishDate	2005
publishDateSearch	2005
publishDateSort	2005
publisher	Izdat. UPKP "Mogilevskaja Obltip. Im. Spiridona Sobolja"
record_format	marc
spelling	Region: Mogilevskaja oblastʹ 10 let preobrazovanij = Rėhiën: Mahilëŭskaja voblascʹ = Mogilev region Rėhiën: Mahilëŭskaja voblascʹ Mogilev region Mogilev Izdat. UPKP "Mogilevskaja Obltip. Im. Spiridona Sobolja" 2005 199 S. zahlr. Ill., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier In kyrill. Schr., russ. - Zsfassung in engl. und weißruss. Sprache Geschichte 1990-2000 gnd rswk-swf Heimatkunde (DE-588)4127794-6 gnd rswk-swf Oblast Mogiljow (DE-588)4565638-1 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4145395-5 Bildband gnd-content Oblast Mogiljow (DE-588)4565638-1 g Heimatkunde (DE-588)4127794-6 s Geschichte 1990-2000 z DE-604 Somov, S. Ė. Sonstige oth Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015569207&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015569207&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract
spellingShingle	Region: Mogilevskaja oblastʹ 10 let preobrazovanij = Rėhiën: Mahilëŭskaja voblascʹ = Mogilev region Heimatkunde (DE-588)4127794-6 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4127794-6 (DE-588)4565638-1 (DE-588)4145395-5
title	Region: Mogilevskaja oblastʹ 10 let preobrazovanij = Rėhiën: Mahilëŭskaja voblascʹ = Mogilev region
title_alt	Rėhiën: Mahilëŭskaja voblascʹ Mogilev region
title_auth	Region: Mogilevskaja oblastʹ 10 let preobrazovanij = Rėhiën: Mahilëŭskaja voblascʹ = Mogilev region
title_exact_search	Region: Mogilevskaja oblastʹ 10 let preobrazovanij = Rėhiën: Mahilëŭskaja voblascʹ = Mogilev region
title_exact_search_txtP	Region: Mogilevskaja oblastʹ 10 let preobrazovanij = Rėhiën: Mahilëŭskaja voblascʹ = Mogilev region
title_full	Region: Mogilevskaja oblastʹ 10 let preobrazovanij = Rėhiën: Mahilëŭskaja voblascʹ = Mogilev region
title_fullStr	Region: Mogilevskaja oblastʹ 10 let preobrazovanij = Rėhiën: Mahilëŭskaja voblascʹ = Mogilev region
title_full_unstemmed	Region: Mogilevskaja oblastʹ 10 let preobrazovanij = Rėhiën: Mahilëŭskaja voblascʹ = Mogilev region
title_short	Region: Mogilevskaja oblastʹ
title_sort	region mogilevskaja oblastʹ 10 let preobrazovanij rehien mahileuskaja voblascʹ mogilev region
title_sub	10 let preobrazovanij = Rėhiën: Mahilëŭskaja voblascʹ = Mogilev region
topic	Heimatkunde (DE-588)4127794-6 gnd
topic_facet	Heimatkunde Oblast Mogiljow Bildband
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015569207&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015569207&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
work_keys_str_mv	AT somovse regionmogilevskajaoblastʹ10letpreobrazovanijrehienmahileuskajavoblascʹmogilevregion AT somovse rehienmahileuskajavoblascʹ AT somovse mogilevregion

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