Composite materials: design and applications
"Responding to the need for a comprehensive reference on the design and applications of composites, Composite Materials: Design and Applications, Second Edition provides an authoritative examination of the composite materials used in current industrial applications. It delivers practical guidan...
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English French |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Boca Raton, Fla. [u.a.]
CRC Press
2007
|
| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | "Responding to the need for a comprehensive reference on the design and applications of composites, Composite Materials: Design and Applications, Second Edition provides an authoritative examination of the composite materials used in current industrial applications. It delivers practical guidance to those working in this rapidly developing area of engineering." "This timely resource delivers unique analysis and design solutions needed to conceptualize and design components made from composites. It is an indispensable guide for students and practicing engineers working with composite materials."--P. [4] of cover. |
| Beschreibung: | XIV, 548 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 1420045199 9781420045192 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 240 | 1 | 0 | |a Matériaux composites |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Composite materials |b design and applications |c Daniel Gay ; Suong V. Hoa |
| 250 | |a 2. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Boca Raton, Fla. [u.a.] |b CRC Press |c 2007 | |
| 300 | |a XIV, 548 S. |b zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 520 | 3 | |a "Responding to the need for a comprehensive reference on the design and applications of composites, Composite Materials: Design and Applications, Second Edition provides an authoritative examination of the composite materials used in current industrial applications. It delivers practical guidance to those working in this rapidly developing area of engineering." "This timely resource delivers unique analysis and design solutions needed to conceptualize and design components made from composites. It is an indispensable guide for students and practicing engineers working with composite materials."--P. [4] of cover. | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Materiales compuestos | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Composite materials | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804136399986753536 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
PART I: PRINCIPLES OF CONSTRUCTION
1
Composite Materials, Interest, and Properties
.........................................3
1.1
What Is Composite Material?
3
1.2
Fillers and Matrix
4
1.2.1
Fibers
4
1.2.2
Matrix Materials
7
1.3
What Can Be Made Using Composite Materials?
7
1.4
Typical Examples of Interest on the Use of Composite Materials
9
1.5
Examples on Replacing Conventional Solutions with Composites
9
1.6
Principal Physical Properties
9
2
Fabrication Processes
...................................................................................17
2.1
Molding Processes
17
2.1.1
Contact Molding
17
2.1.2
Compression Molding
17
2.1.3
Molding with Vacuum
19
2.1.4
Resin Injection Molding
20
2.1.5
Molding by Injection of Premixed
20
2.1.6
Molding by Foam Injection
21
2.1.7
Molding of Components of Revolution
21
2.2
Other Forming Processes
22
2.2.1
Sheet Forming
22
2.2.2.
Profile Forming
23
2.2.3
Stamp Forming
23
2.2.4
Preforming by Three-Dimensional Assembly
23
2.2.5
Cutting of Fabric and Trimming of Laminates
24
2.3
Practical Hints on Manufacturing Processes
24
2.3.1
Acronyms
24
2.3.2
Cost Comparison
27
3
Ply Properties
................................................................................................29
3.1
Isotropy and Anisotropy
29
3.1.1 Isotropie
Materials
31
3.1.2 Anisotropie
Material
32
3.2
Characteristics of the Reinforcement—Matrix Mixture
33
3.2.1
Fiber Mass Fraction
33
32.2
Fiber Volume Fraction
34
3.2.3
Mass Density of a Ply
34
3.2.4
Ply Thickness
35
3-3
Unidirectional Ply
35
3.3.1
Elastic Modulus
35
vi
■
Composite Materials: Design and Applications
3.3.2
Ultimate
Strength of a Ply
38
3.3.3
Examples
39
3.3.4
Examples of High Performance Unidirectional Plies
40
3.4
Woven Fabrics
41
3.4.1
Forms of Woven Fabric
41
3.4.2
Elastic Modulus of Fabric Layer
42
3.4.3
Examples of Balanced Fabrics/Epoxy
43
3.5
Mats and Reinforced Matrices
44
3.5.1
Mats
44
3.5.2
Summary Example of Glass/Epoxy Layers
45
3.5.3
Spherical Fillers
45
3.5.4
Other Reinforcements
46
3.6
Multidimensional Fabrics
48
3.7
Metal Matrix Composites
50
3.8
Tests
51
4
Sandwich Structures
.....................................................................................53
4.1
What Is a Sandwich Structure?
53
4.2
Simplified Flexure
54
4.2.1
Stresses
54
4.2.2
Displacements
55
4.3
A Few Special Aspects
57
4.3.1
Comparison of Mass Based on Equivalent Flexural Rigidity (El)
57
4.32
Buckling of Sandwich Structures
58
4.3-3
Other Types of Damage
59
4.4
Fabrication and Design Problems
60
4.4.1
Honeycomb: An Example of Core Material
60
4.4.2
Processing Aspects
61
4.4.3
Insertion of Attachment Pieces
63
4.4.4
Repair of Laminated Facings
63
4.5
Nondestructive Quality Control
63
5
Conception and Design
...............................................................................69
5.1
Design of a Composite Piece
69
5.1.1
Guidelines for Values for Predesign
70
5.2
The Laminate
72
5.2.1
Unidirectional Layers and Fabrics
72
5.2.2
Importance of Ply Orientation
73
5.2.3
Code to Represent a Laminate
73
5.2.4
Arrangement of Plies
78
5.3
Failure of Laminates
80
5.3.1
Damages
80
5.3.2
Most Frequently Used Criterion: Hill-Tsai Failure Criterion
82
5.4
Sizing of the Laminate
85
5.4.1
Modulus of Elasticity. Deformation of a Laminate
85
5.4.2
Case of Simple Loading
86
5.4.3
Case of Complex Loading
—
Approximate Orientation Distribution
of a Laminate
90
5.4.4
Case of Complex Loading: Optimum Composition of a Laminate
100
5.4.5
Practical Remarks: Particularities of the Behavior of Laminates
108
6
Joining And Assembly
................................................................................115
6.1
Riveting and Bolting
115
Contents ■
vii
6.1.1 Principal
Modes of Failure in Bolted Joints for Composite Materials
117
6.1.2
Recommended Values
117
6.1.3
Riveting
120
6.1.4
Bolting
120
6.2
Bonding
122
6.2.1
Adhesives Used
123
6.2.2
Geometry of the Bonded Joints
124
6.2.3
Sizing of Bonded Surfaces
125
6.2.4
Examples of Bonding
130
6.3
Inserts
131
7
Composite Materials and Aerospace Construction
.............................135
7.1
Aircraft
135
7.1.1
Composite Components in Aircraft
135
7.1.2
Characteristics of Composites
136
7.1.3
A Few Remarks
138
7.1.4
Specific Aspects of Structural Resistance
139
7.1.5
Large Carriers
139
7.1.6
Regional Jets
146
7.1.7
Light Aircraft
147
7.1.8
Fighter Aircraft
148
7.1.9
Architecture of Composite Parts in Aircraft
151
7.1.10
Elements of Braking
158
7.1.11
The Future
159
7.2
Helicopters
161
7.2.1
The Situation
161
7.2.2
Composite Zones
162
7.2.3
Blades
162
7.2.4
Yoke Rotor
164
7.2.5
Other Composite Working Components
167
7.3
Propeller Blades for Airplanes
168
7.4
Turbine Blades in Composites
171
7.5
Space Applications
172
7.5.1
Satellites
173
7.5.2
Pressure Vessels
173
7.5.3
Nozzles
175
7.5.4
Other Composite Components
177
8
Composite Materials for Other Applications
........................................183
8.1
Composite Materials and the Manufacturing of Automobiles
183
8.1.1
Introduction
183
8.1.2
Evaluation and Evolution
183
8.1.3
Research and Development
189
8.2
Composites in Naval Construction
194
8.2.1
Competition
194
8.2.2
Ships
195
8.3
Sports and Recreation
197
8.3-1
Skis
197
8.3.2
Bicycles
199
8.4
Other Applications
199
8.4.1
Wind Turbines
199
8.4.2
Compressed Gas Bottles
201
8.4.3
Buggy Chassis
201
viii
■
Composite
Materials:
Design
and Applications
8.4.4
Tubes for Off-Shore Installations
201
8.4.5
Biomechanics Applications
203
8.4.6
Téléphérique
Cabin
203
PART II: MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF LAMINATED MATERIALS
9 Anisotropie
Elastic Media
..........................................................................207
9.1
Review of Notations
207
9.1.1
Continuum Mechanics
207
9.1.2
Number of Distinct q>ijW Terms
208
9.2
Orthotropic Materials
209
9.3
Transversely
Isotropie
Materials
210
10
Elastic Constants of Unidirectional Composites
..................................213
10.1
Longitudinal Modulus E(
213
10.2
Poisson
Coefficient
215
10.3
Transverse Modulus E,
216
10.4
Shear Modulus Gu
218
10.5
Thermoelastic Properties
219
10.5.1 Isotropie
Material: Recall
219
10.5.2
Case of Unidirectional Composite
219
10.5.3
Thermomechanical Behavior of a Unidirectional Layer
222
11
Elastic Constants of a Ply Along an Arbitrary Direction
...................223
11.1
Compliance Coefficients
223
11.2
Stiffness Coefficients
228
11.3
Case of Thermomechanical Loading
229
11.3.1
Compliance Coefficients
229
11.3.2
Stiffness Coefficients
232
12
Mechanical Behavior of Thin Laminated Plates
...................................235
12.1
Laminate with Midplane Symmetry
235
12.1.1
Membrane Behavior
235
12.1.2
Apparent Moduli of the Laminate
239
12.1.3
Consequence: Practical Determination of a Laminate Subject
to Membrane Loading
239
12.1.4
Flexure Behavior
244
12.1.5
Consequence: Practical Determination for a Laminate
Subject to Flexure
249
12.1.6
Simplified Calculation for Flexure
249
12.1.7
Case of Thermomechanical Loading
251
12.2
Laminate without Midplane Symmetry
254
12.2.1
Coupled Membrane-Flexure Behavior
254
12.2.2
Case of Thermomechanical Loading
255
PART III: JUSTIFICATIONS, COMPOSITE BEAMS, AND THICK PLATES
13
Elastic Coefficients
......................................................................................259
13-І
Elastic Coefficients in an Orthotropic Material
259
13-2
Elastic Coefficients for a Transversely
Isotropie
Material
262
13.2.1
Rotation about an Orthotropic Transverse Axis
264
13.3
Case of a Ply
270
Contents ■ ix
14
The
НШ
-Tsai
Failure Criterion
................................................................273
14.1 Isotropie
Material:
Von
Mises
Criterion
273
14.2
Orthotropic Material: Hill-Tsai Criterion
277
14.2.1
Preliminary Remarks
277
14.2.2
Case of a Transversely
Isotropie
Material
277
14.2.3
Case of a Unidirectional Ply Under In-Plane Loading
279
14.3
Variation of Resistance of a Unidirectional Ply
with Respect to the Direction of Loading
280
14.3.1
Tension and Compression Resistance
280
14.3.2
Shear Strength
282
15
Composite Beams in Flexure
...................................................................283
15.1
Flexure of Symmetric Beams with
Isotropie
Phases
283
15.1.1
Degrees of Freedom
284
15.1.2
Perfect Bonding between the Phases
287
15.1.3
Equilibrium Relations
288
15.1.4
Constitutive Relations
290
15.1.5
Technical Formulation
292
15.1.6
Energy Interpretation
297
15.1.7
Extension to the Dynamic Case
299
15.2
Case of Any Cross Section (Asymmetric)
301
16
Composite Beams in Torsion
...................................................................307
16.1
Uniform Torsion
307
16.1.1
Torsionai
Degree of Freedom
307
16.1.2
Constitutive Relation
308
16.1.3
Determination of the Function
Φ(γ,ζ)
309
16.1.4 Energy Interpretation
311
16.2 Location of the Torsion Center
312
17
Flexure of
ТЫск
Composite Plates
.........................................................317
17.1
Preliminary Remarks
317
17.1.1
Transverse Normal Stress
σ,
317
17.1.2
Transverse Shear Stresses
τχζ
and
τ,..
317
17.1.3
Hypotheses
318
17.2
Displacement Field
320
17.3
Strains
322
17.4
Constitutive Relations
322
17.4.1
Membrane Equations
322
17.4.2
Bending Behavior
323
17.4.3
Transverse Shear Equation
325
17.5
Equilibrium Equations
326
17.5.1
Transverse Equilibrium
326
17.5.2
Equilibrium in Bending
326
17.6
Technical Formulation for Bending
327
17.6.1
Plane Stresses Due to Bending
327
17.6.2
Transverse Shear Stresses in Bending
328
17.6.3
Characterization of the Bending, Warping Increments
ην
and
η,
328
17.6.4
Warping Functions
332
17.6.5
Consequences
333
17.6.6
Interpretation in Terms of Energy
ЗЗ6
Composite Materials: Design and Applications
17.7
Examples
336
17.7.1
Homogeneous Orthotropic
Plate
337
17.7.2
Sandwich Plate
338
PART
IV:
APPLICATIONS
18
Applications
..................................................................................................343
18.1
Level
1 343
18.1.1
Simply Supported
Sandwich
Beam
343
18.1.2
Poisson Coefficient
of a Unidirectional Layer
345
18.1.3
Helicopter Blade
347
18.1.4
Transmission Shaft for Trucks
353
18.1.5
Flywheel in Carbon/Epoxy
358
18.1.6
Wing Tip Made of Carbon/Epoxy
360
18.1.7
Carbon Fiber Coated with Nickel
371
18.1.8
Tube Made of Glass/Epoxy under Pressure
374
18.1.9
Filament Wound Vessel, Winding Angle
377
18.1.10
Filament Wound Reservoir, Taking the Heads into Account
379
18.1.11
Composite Reservoir; Use of Standards
383
18.1.12
Determination of the Volume Fraction of Fibers by Pyrolysis
391
18.1.13
Lever Arm Made of Carbon/PEEK Unidirectional and Short Fibers
392
18.1.14
Telegraphic Mast in Glass/Resin
395
18.1.15
Unidirectional Ply of HR Carbon
399
18.1.16
Manipulator Arm of Space Shuttle
400
18.2
Level
2 405
18.2.1
Sandwich Beam: Simplified Calculation of the Shear Coefficient
405
18.2.2
Procedure for Calculation of a Laminate
407
18.2.3
Kevlar/Epoxy Laminates: Evolution of Stiffness Depending on the
Direction of the Load
410
18.2.4
Residual Thermal Stresses due to Curing of the Laminate
413
18.2.5
Thermoelastic Behavior of a Tube Made of Filament-Wound
Glass/Polyester
416
18.2.6
Polymeric Tube Under Thermal Load and Creep
419
18.2.7
First Ply Failure of a Laminate
—
Ultimate Rupture
425
18.2.8
Optimum Laminate for
Isotropie
Stress State
429
18.2.9
Laminate Made of Identical Layers of Balanced Fabric
433
18.2.10
Wing Spar in Carbon/Epoxy
436
18.2.11
Determination of the Elastic Characteristics of a Carbon/Epoxy
Unidirectional Layer from Tensile Test
443
18.2.12
Sailboat Shell in Glass/Polyester
444
18.2.13
Determination of the In-Plane Shear Modulus of a Balanced
Fabric Ply
450
18.2.14
Quasi-Isotropic Laminate
451
18.2.15
Orthotropic Plate in Pure Torsion
454
18.2.16
Plate Made by Resin Transfer Molding (R.T.M.)
457
18.2.17
Thermoelastic Behavior of a Balanced Fabric Ply
463
18.3
Level
3 472
18.3.1
Cylindrical Bonding
472
18.3.2
Double Bonded Joint
477
18.33
Composite Beam with Two Layers
482
18.3.4
Buckling of a Sandwich Beam
485
18.3.5
Shear Due to Bending in a Sandwich Beam
489
Contents ■ xi
18.3-6
Shear Due to Bending in a Box-Beam and in a I-Beam
493
18.3.7
Column Made of Stretched Polymer
500
18.3.8
Cylindrical Bending of a Thick Orthotropic Plate under
Uniform Loading
508
18.3.9
Bending of a Sandwich Plate
510
18.310
Bending Vibration of a Sandwich Beam
513
APPENDICES, BIBLIOGRAPHY, AND INDEX
Appendix
1............................................................................................................519
Stresses in the Plies of a Laminate of Carbon/Epoxy Loaded in Its Plane
519
Characteristics of Each Ply
519
Appendix
2............................................................................................................533
Buckling of Orthotropic Structures
533
Rectangular Panels
533
Buckling of Orthotropic Tubes
539
Bibliography
..........................................................................................................541
Index
.......................................................................................................................545
|
| adam_txt |
CONTENTS
PART I: PRINCIPLES OF CONSTRUCTION
1
Composite Materials, Interest, and Properties
.3
1.1
What Is Composite Material?
3
1.2
Fillers and Matrix
4
1.2.1
Fibers
4
1.2.2
Matrix Materials
7
1.3
What Can Be Made Using Composite Materials?
7
1.4
Typical Examples of Interest on the Use of Composite Materials
9
1.5
Examples on Replacing Conventional Solutions with Composites
9
1.6
Principal Physical Properties
9
2
Fabrication Processes
.17
2.1
Molding Processes
17
2.1.1
Contact Molding
17
2.1.2
Compression Molding
17
2.1.3
Molding with Vacuum
19
2.1.4
Resin Injection Molding
20
2.1.5
Molding by Injection of Premixed
20
2.1.6
Molding by Foam Injection
21
2.1.7
Molding of Components of Revolution
21
2.2
Other Forming Processes
22
2.2.1
Sheet Forming
22
2.2.2.
Profile Forming
23
2.2.3
Stamp Forming
23
2.2.4
Preforming by Three-Dimensional Assembly
23
2.2.5
Cutting of Fabric and Trimming of Laminates
24
2.3
Practical Hints on Manufacturing Processes
24
2.3.1
Acronyms
24
2.3.2
Cost Comparison
27
3
Ply Properties
.29
3.1
Isotropy and Anisotropy
29
3.1.1 Isotropie
Materials
31
3.1.2 Anisotropie
Material
32
3.2
Characteristics of the Reinforcement—Matrix Mixture
33
3.2.1
Fiber Mass Fraction
33
32.2
Fiber Volume Fraction
34
3.2.3
Mass Density of a Ply
34
3.2.4
Ply Thickness
35
3-3
Unidirectional Ply
35
3.3.1
Elastic Modulus
35
vi
■
Composite Materials: Design and Applications
3.3.2
Ultimate
Strength of a Ply
38
3.3.3
Examples
39
3.3.4
Examples of "High Performance' Unidirectional Plies
40
3.4
Woven Fabrics
41
3.4.1
Forms of Woven Fabric
41
3.4.2
Elastic Modulus of Fabric Layer
42
3.4.3
Examples of Balanced Fabrics/Epoxy
43
3.5
Mats and Reinforced Matrices
44
3.5.1
Mats
44
3.5.2
Summary Example of Glass/Epoxy Layers
45
3.5.3
Spherical Fillers
45
3.5.4
Other Reinforcements
46
3.6
Multidimensional Fabrics
48
3.7
Metal Matrix Composites
50
3.8
Tests
51
4
Sandwich Structures
.53
4.1
What Is a Sandwich Structure?
53
4.2
Simplified Flexure
54
4.2.1
Stresses
54
4.2.2
Displacements
55
4.3
A Few Special Aspects
57
4.3.1
Comparison of Mass Based on Equivalent Flexural Rigidity (El)
57
4.32
Buckling of Sandwich Structures
58
4.3-3
Other Types of Damage
59
4.4
Fabrication and Design Problems
60
4.4.1
Honeycomb: An Example of Core Material
60
4.4.2
Processing Aspects
61
4.4.3
Insertion of Attachment Pieces
63
4.4.4
Repair of Laminated Facings
63
4.5
Nondestructive Quality Control
63
5
Conception and Design
.69
5.1
Design of a Composite Piece
69
5.1.1
Guidelines for Values for Predesign
70
5.2
The Laminate
72
5.2.1
Unidirectional Layers and Fabrics
72
5.2.2
Importance of Ply Orientation
73
5.2.3
Code to Represent a Laminate
73
5.2.4
Arrangement of Plies
78
5.3
Failure of Laminates
80
5.3.1
Damages
80
5.3.2
Most Frequently Used Criterion: Hill-Tsai Failure Criterion
82
5.4
Sizing of the Laminate
85
5.4.1
Modulus of Elasticity. Deformation of a Laminate
85
5.4.2
Case of Simple Loading
86
5.4.3
Case of Complex Loading
—
Approximate Orientation Distribution
of a Laminate
90
5.4.4
Case of Complex Loading: Optimum Composition of a Laminate
100
5.4.5
Practical Remarks: Particularities of the Behavior of Laminates
108
6
Joining And Assembly
.115
6.1
Riveting and Bolting
115
Contents ■
vii
6.1.1 Principal
Modes of Failure in Bolted Joints for Composite Materials
117
6.1.2
Recommended Values
117
6.1.3
Riveting
120
6.1.4
Bolting
120
6.2
Bonding
122
6.2.1
Adhesives Used
123
6.2.2
Geometry of the Bonded Joints
124
6.2.3
Sizing of Bonded Surfaces
125
6.2.4
Examples of Bonding
130
6.3
Inserts
131
7
Composite Materials and Aerospace Construction
.135
7.1
Aircraft
135
7.1.1
Composite Components in Aircraft
135
7.1.2
Characteristics of Composites
136
7.1.3
A Few Remarks
138
7.1.4
Specific Aspects of Structural Resistance
139
7.1.5
Large Carriers
139
7.1.6
Regional Jets
146
7.1.7
Light Aircraft
147
7.1.8
Fighter Aircraft
148
7.1.9
Architecture of Composite Parts in Aircraft
151
7.1.10
Elements of Braking
158
7.1.11
The Future
159
7.2
Helicopters
161
7.2.1
The Situation
161
7.2.2
Composite Zones
162
7.2.3
Blades
162
7.2.4
Yoke Rotor
164
7.2.5
Other Composite Working Components
167
7.3
Propeller Blades for Airplanes
168
7.4
Turbine Blades in Composites
171
7.5
Space Applications
172
7.5.1
Satellites
173
7.5.2
Pressure Vessels
173
7.5.3
Nozzles
175
7.5.4
Other Composite Components
177
8
Composite Materials for Other Applications
.183
8.1
Composite Materials and the Manufacturing of Automobiles
183
8.1.1
Introduction
183
8.1.2
Evaluation and Evolution
183
8.1.3
Research and Development
189
8.2
Composites in Naval Construction
194
8.2.1
Competition
194
8.2.2
Ships
195
8.3
Sports and Recreation
197
8.3-1
Skis
197
8.3.2
Bicycles
199
8.4
Other Applications
199
8.4.1
Wind Turbines
199
8.4.2
Compressed Gas Bottles
201
8.4.3
Buggy Chassis
201
viii
■
Composite
Materials:
Design
and Applications
8.4.4
Tubes for Off-Shore Installations
201
8.4.5
Biomechanics Applications
203
8.4.6
Téléphérique
Cabin
203
PART II: MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF LAMINATED MATERIALS
9 Anisotropie
Elastic Media
.207
9.1
Review of Notations
207
9.1.1
Continuum Mechanics
207
9.1.2
Number of Distinct q>ijW Terms
208
9.2
Orthotropic Materials
209
9.3
Transversely
Isotropie
Materials
210
10
Elastic Constants of Unidirectional Composites
.213
10.1
Longitudinal Modulus E(
213
10.2
Poisson
Coefficient
215
10.3
Transverse Modulus E,
216
10.4
Shear Modulus Gu
218
10.5
Thermoelastic Properties
219
10.5.1 Isotropie
Material: Recall
219
10.5.2
Case of Unidirectional Composite
219
10.5.3
Thermomechanical Behavior of a Unidirectional Layer
222
11
Elastic Constants of a Ply Along an Arbitrary Direction
.223
11.1
Compliance Coefficients
223
11.2
Stiffness Coefficients
228
11.3
Case of Thermomechanical Loading
229
11.3.1
Compliance Coefficients
229
11.3.2
Stiffness Coefficients
232
12
Mechanical Behavior of Thin Laminated Plates
.235
12.1
Laminate with Midplane Symmetry
235
12.1.1
Membrane Behavior
235
12.1.2
Apparent Moduli of the Laminate
239
12.1.3
Consequence: Practical Determination of a Laminate Subject
to Membrane Loading
239
12.1.4
Flexure Behavior
244
12.1.5
Consequence: Practical Determination for a Laminate
Subject to Flexure
249
12.1.6
Simplified Calculation for Flexure
249
12.1.7
Case of Thermomechanical Loading
251
12.2
Laminate without Midplane Symmetry
254
12.2.1
Coupled Membrane-Flexure Behavior
254
12.2.2
Case of Thermomechanical Loading
255
PART III: JUSTIFICATIONS, COMPOSITE BEAMS, AND THICK PLATES
13
Elastic Coefficients
.259
13-І
Elastic Coefficients in an Orthotropic Material
259
13-2
Elastic Coefficients for a Transversely
Isotropie
Material
262
13.2.1
Rotation about an Orthotropic Transverse Axis
264
13.3
Case of a Ply
270
Contents ■ ix
14
The
НШ
-Tsai
Failure Criterion
.273
14.1 Isotropie
Material:
Von
Mises
Criterion
273
14.2
Orthotropic Material: Hill-Tsai Criterion
277
14.2.1
Preliminary Remarks
277
14.2.2
Case of a Transversely
Isotropie
Material
277
14.2.3
Case of a Unidirectional Ply Under In-Plane Loading
279
14.3
Variation of Resistance of a Unidirectional Ply
with Respect to the Direction of Loading
280
14.3.1
Tension and Compression Resistance
280
14.3.2
Shear Strength
282
15
Composite Beams in Flexure
.283
15.1
Flexure of Symmetric Beams with
Isotropie
Phases
283
15.1.1
Degrees of Freedom
284
15.1.2
Perfect Bonding between the Phases
287
15.1.3
Equilibrium Relations
288
15.1.4
Constitutive Relations
290
15.1.5
Technical Formulation
292
15.1.6
Energy Interpretation
297
15.1.7
Extension to the Dynamic Case
299
15.2
Case of Any Cross Section (Asymmetric)
301
16
Composite Beams in Torsion
.307
16.1
Uniform Torsion
307
16.1.1
Torsionai
Degree of Freedom
307
16.1.2
Constitutive Relation
308
16.1.3
Determination of the Function
Φ(γ,ζ)
309
16.1.4 Energy Interpretation
311
16.2 Location of the Torsion Center
312
17
Flexure of
ТЫск
Composite Plates
.317
17.1
Preliminary Remarks
317
17.1.1
Transverse Normal Stress
σ,
317
17.1.2
Transverse Shear Stresses
τχζ
and
τ,.
317
17.1.3
Hypotheses
318
17.2
Displacement Field
320
17.3
Strains
322
17.4
Constitutive Relations
322
17.4.1
Membrane Equations
322
17.4.2
Bending Behavior
323
17.4.3
Transverse Shear Equation
325
17.5
Equilibrium Equations
326
17.5.1
Transverse Equilibrium
326
17.5.2
Equilibrium in Bending
326
17.6
Technical Formulation for Bending
327
17.6.1
Plane Stresses Due to Bending
327
17.6.2
Transverse Shear Stresses in Bending
328
17.6.3
Characterization of the Bending, Warping Increments
ην
and
η,
328
17.6.4
Warping Functions
332
17.6.5
Consequences
333
17.6.6
Interpretation in Terms of Energy
ЗЗ6
Composite Materials: Design and Applications
17.7
Examples
336
17.7.1
Homogeneous Orthotropic
Plate
337
17.7.2
Sandwich Plate
338
PART
IV:
APPLICATIONS
18
Applications
.343
18.1
Level
1 343
18.1.1
Simply Supported
Sandwich
Beam
343
18.1.2
Poisson Coefficient
of a Unidirectional Layer
345
18.1.3
Helicopter Blade
347
18.1.4
Transmission Shaft for Trucks
353
18.1.5
Flywheel in Carbon/Epoxy
358
18.1.6
Wing Tip Made of Carbon/Epoxy
360
18.1.7
Carbon Fiber Coated with Nickel
371
18.1.8
Tube Made of Glass/Epoxy under Pressure
374
18.1.9
Filament Wound Vessel, Winding Angle
377
18.1.10
Filament Wound Reservoir, Taking the Heads into Account
379
18.1.11
Composite Reservoir; Use of Standards
383
18.1.12
Determination of the Volume Fraction of Fibers by Pyrolysis
391
18.1.13
Lever Arm Made of Carbon/PEEK Unidirectional and Short Fibers
392
18.1.14
Telegraphic Mast in Glass/Resin
395
18.1.15
Unidirectional Ply of HR Carbon
399
18.1.16
Manipulator Arm of Space Shuttle
400
18.2
Level
2 405
18.2.1
Sandwich Beam: Simplified Calculation of the Shear Coefficient
405
18.2.2
Procedure for Calculation of a Laminate
407
18.2.3
Kevlar/Epoxy Laminates: Evolution of Stiffness Depending on the
Direction of the Load
410
18.2.4
Residual Thermal Stresses due to Curing of the Laminate
413
18.2.5
Thermoelastic Behavior of a Tube Made of Filament-Wound
Glass/Polyester
416
18.2.6
Polymeric Tube Under Thermal Load and Creep
419
18.2.7
First Ply Failure of a Laminate
—
Ultimate Rupture
425
18.2.8
Optimum Laminate for
Isotropie
Stress State
429
18.2.9
Laminate Made of Identical Layers of Balanced Fabric
433
18.2.10
Wing Spar in Carbon/Epoxy
436
18.2.11
Determination of the Elastic Characteristics of a Carbon/Epoxy
Unidirectional Layer from Tensile Test
443
18.2.12
Sailboat Shell in Glass/Polyester
444
18.2.13
Determination of the In-Plane Shear Modulus of a Balanced
Fabric Ply
450
18.2.14
Quasi-Isotropic Laminate
451
18.2.15
Orthotropic Plate in Pure Torsion
454
18.2.16
Plate Made by Resin Transfer Molding (R.T.M.)
457
18.2.17
Thermoelastic Behavior of a Balanced Fabric Ply
463
18.3
Level
3 472
18.3.1
Cylindrical Bonding
472
18.3.2
Double Bonded Joint
477
18.33
Composite Beam with Two Layers
482
18.3.4
Buckling of a Sandwich Beam
485
18.3.5
Shear Due to Bending in a Sandwich Beam
489
Contents ■ xi
18.3-6
Shear Due to Bending in a Box-Beam and in a I-Beam
493
18.3.7
Column Made of Stretched Polymer
500
18.3.8
Cylindrical Bending of a Thick Orthotropic Plate under
Uniform Loading
508
18.3.9
Bending of a Sandwich Plate
510
18.310
Bending Vibration of a Sandwich Beam
513
APPENDICES, BIBLIOGRAPHY, AND INDEX
Appendix
1.519
Stresses in the Plies of a Laminate of Carbon/Epoxy Loaded in Its Plane
519
Characteristics of Each Ply
519
Appendix
2.533
Buckling of Orthotropic Structures
533
Rectangular Panels
533
Buckling of Orthotropic Tubes
539
Bibliography
.541
Index
.545 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Gay, Daniel Hoa, Suong V. |
| author_facet | Gay, Daniel Hoa, Suong V. |
| author_role | aut aut |
| author_sort | Gay, Daniel |
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| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV022354208 |
| callnumber-first | T - Technology |
| callnumber-label | TA418 |
| callnumber-raw | TA418.9.C6 |
| callnumber-search | TA418.9.C6 |
| callnumber-sort | TA 3418.9 C6 |
| callnumber-subject | TA - General and Civil Engineering |
| classification_rvk | UQ 8420 ZM 7020 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)77012939 (DE-599)BVBBV022354208 |
| dewey-full | 620.1/18 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 620 - Engineering and allied operations |
| dewey-raw | 620.1/18 |
| dewey-search | 620.1/18 |
| dewey-sort | 3620.1 218 |
| dewey-tens | 620 - Engineering and allied operations |
| discipline | Physik Werkstoffwissenschaften / Fertigungstechnik |
| discipline_str_mv | Physik Werkstoffwissenschaften / Fertigungstechnik |
| edition | 2. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T17:00:53Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T20:55:47Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 1420045199 9781420045192 |
| language | English French |
| lccn | 2007061450 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-015563646 |
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| spelling | Gay, Daniel Verfasser aut Matériaux composites Composite materials design and applications Daniel Gay ; Suong V. Hoa 2. ed. Boca Raton, Fla. [u.a.] CRC Press 2007 XIV, 548 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier "Responding to the need for a comprehensive reference on the design and applications of composites, Composite Materials: Design and Applications, Second Edition provides an authoritative examination of the composite materials used in current industrial applications. It delivers practical guidance to those working in this rapidly developing area of engineering." "This timely resource delivers unique analysis and design solutions needed to conceptualize and design components made from composites. It is an indispensable guide for students and practicing engineers working with composite materials."--P. [4] of cover. Materiales compuestos Composite materials Verbundwerkstoff (DE-588)4062670-2 gnd rswk-swf Sandwichbauweise (DE-588)4051569-2 gnd rswk-swf Verbundwerkstoff (DE-588)4062670-2 s DE-604 Sandwichbauweise (DE-588)4051569-2 s Hoa, Suong V. Verfasser aut Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015563646&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Gay, Daniel Hoa, Suong V. Composite materials design and applications Materiales compuestos Composite materials Verbundwerkstoff (DE-588)4062670-2 gnd Sandwichbauweise (DE-588)4051569-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4062670-2 (DE-588)4051569-2 |
| title | Composite materials design and applications |
| title_alt | Matériaux composites |
| title_auth | Composite materials design and applications |
| title_exact_search | Composite materials design and applications |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Composite materials design and applications |
| title_full | Composite materials design and applications Daniel Gay ; Suong V. Hoa |
| title_fullStr | Composite materials design and applications Daniel Gay ; Suong V. Hoa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Composite materials design and applications Daniel Gay ; Suong V. Hoa |
| title_short | Composite materials |
| title_sort | composite materials design and applications |
| title_sub | design and applications |
| topic | Materiales compuestos Composite materials Verbundwerkstoff (DE-588)4062670-2 gnd Sandwichbauweise (DE-588)4051569-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Materiales compuestos Composite materials Verbundwerkstoff Sandwichbauweise |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015563646&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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