Flexicurity: a relevant approach in Central and Eastern Europe
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Geneva
Internat. Labour Office
2007
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Enth. 9 Beitr. - Literaturverz. S. 245 - 251. - Enth. Index |
| Beschreibung: | XIV, 262 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9789221192152 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Flexicurity |b a relevant approach in Central and Eastern Europe |c Sandrine Cazes and Alena Nesporova [eds.] |
| 250 | |a 1. publ. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Geneva |b Internat. Labour Office |c 2007 | |
| 300 | |a XIV, 262 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
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| 500 | |a Enth. 9 Beitr. - Literaturverz. S. 245 - 251. - Enth. Index | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804136314388348928 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
Foreword
v
Acknowledgements
xiv
1
Introduction
(Sandrine
Cazes
and Alena Nešporova)
1
1.1
The debate about
flexibility
and labour
market performance
1
1.2
The concept of flexicurity
3
1.3
Labour markets in transition: Flexible but jobless
5
1.4
Towards flexicurity strategies in Central and South-Eastern Europe
7
2
Labour markets in Central and South-Eastern Europe: From transition to
stabilization
(Sandrine Cazes
and
Alena Nešporova)
9
2.1
Introduction
9
2.2
Recent labour market developments: Positive trends, persisting
problems and new challenges
10
2.3
Increasing flexibilization of employment relations in Central and
South-Eastern Europe
18
2.4
Labour market dynamics in the region: Recent trends
23
2.5
Employment protection legislation and its impact on labour market
developments
35
2.6
Do labour market institutions still matter in CSEE countries?
42
Annex
2.1 55
3
Bulgaria
(Iskra
Beleva,
Vasil Tzanov and
Genoveva Tisheva)
57
3.1
Introduction
57
3.2
Main characteristics of the national labour market
58
3.3
Flexibility and security: Institutional background
69
3.4
Interaction between employment protection and labour market policies
80
3.5
Policy conclusions
88
VII
Flexicurity
4
Croatia
(Sanja Crnković-Pozaić)
93
4.1
Introduction
93
4.2
Labour market flexibility and employment stability
98
4.3
Labour market flexibility and income security
108
4.4
Policy recommendations: Addressing the challenge
117
5
Hungary
(János Köllöand Beáta Nacsa)
121
5.1
Introduction
121
5.2
The basic facts
122
5.3
Flexibility and job security: The institutional background
126
5.4
Flexibility: Behavioural patterns and outcomes
133
5.5
Welfare schemes
140
5.6
Conclusions
147
Annex
5.1 148
6
Lithuania (Boguslavas Gruzevskis and
Inga Blaziene) 149
6.1
Introduction
149
6.2
Main characteristics and issues of the Lithuanian labour market
151
6.3
Flexibility and security: The institutional background
158
6.4
Interactions between employment protection and labour market policies
169
6.5
Policy conclusions
176
6.6
Future perspectives
179
7
Poland
(Gabriela
Grotkowska,
Mieczysław W. Socha
and
Urszula Sztanderska)
181
7.1
Introduction
181
7.2
Labour market characteristics and issues
184
7.3
Flexibility and security: The institutional background
191
7.4
Labour market flexibility, employment and social protection
201
7.5
Policy conclusions
206
8
The wage dimension of flexibility and security in selected Central and
South-Eastern European countries (Mirco Tonin)
213
8.1
Introduction
213
8.2
The wage formation system
214
8.3
Wage flexibility
217
8.4
Is there a wage floor? The minimum wage and unemployment benefits
226
8.5
The tax wedge
229
8.6
Conclusions
232
9
Policy conclusions
(Sandrine Cazes
and
Alena Nešporova)
235
9.1
A summary of findings
235
9.2
Policy implications
239
Bibliography
245
Index
251
viii
Contents
List of
tables
2.1
Average annual growth rates of GDP and employment, CSEE countries,
2000-04
(percentages)
10
2.2
Aggregate
(AUR)
and youth (YUR) unemployment rates, CSEE countries,
2000
and
2004
(percentages)
14
2.3
Long-term unemployment as percentage of total unemployment, CSEE
countries,
2000
and
2004 17
2.4
Self-employment as percentage of total employment by sex, CSEE countries,
2000
and
2004 18
2.5
Fixed-term contracts as percentage of total employment, CSEE countries,
2000
and
2004 20
2.6
Part-time employment as percentage of total employment, CSEE countries,
2000
and
2004 21
2.7
Accession rates, separation rates and labour turnover, selected CSEE countries,
1990-2003
(percentages)
25
2.8
Correlations between GDP and employment dynamics (E) versus labour turnover
(LT), selected CSEE countries,
1999-2003 28
2.9
Distribution of employment by job tenure, selected CSEE countries,
2003
(percentages)
30
2.10
Distribution of employment by job tenure, selected CSEE countries,
1999
and
2003
(percentages)
31
2.11
Separation rates by destination of outflows from employment, selected CSEE
countries,
1990-2003
(percentages)
32
2.12
Correlation coefficients of GDP and outflows from employment by destination,
selected CSEE countries,
1999-2003 33
2.13
EPL strictness indices in selected
EU
member and candidate countries,
2003
compared with the late
1990s 37
2.14
Main characteristics of labour market institutions and policies in the CSEE
countries,
2002-03 45
2.15
Regressions explaining the log unemployment rate (dependent variable) for
selected CSEE and
OECD
countries,
2003
compared to the late
1990s 47
2.16
Regressions explaining the log long-term unemployment rate (dependent
variable) for selected CSEE and
OECD
countries,
2003
compared to the
late
1990s 48
2.17
Regressions explaining log youth unemployment rate (dependent variable) for
selected CSEE and
OECD
countries,
2003
compared to the late
1990s 49
2.18
Regressions explaining the employment rate (dependent variable) for selected
CSEE and
OECD
countries,
2003
compared to the late
1990s 51
2.19
Regressions explaining the labour force participation rate (dependent variable)
for selected CSEE and
OECD
countries,
2003
compared to the late
1
990s
52
IX
Flexicurity
3.1
Registered and total unemployment in Bulgaria,
1993-2005
(thousands
and percentages)
63
3.2
Unemployment flows, Bulgaria,
1992-2003
(numbers)
67
3.3
Expenditure on ALMP and PLMP as a percentage of total labour market
policy spending, Bulgaria,
1993-2003 74
3.4
Participation in centrally funded ALMP programmes and measures,
Bulgaria,
2001-03
(numbers and percentages)
77
3.5
Participation in training and retraining measures and programmes for the
unemployed as percentage of total participants, Bulgaria,
1996-2004 79
4.1
Formal activity status of the employed, Croatia,
2002
and
2004
(numbers
and percentages)
99
4.2
Worker remuneration and benefits, by employment status, Croatia,
2002
and
2004 100
4.3
Types of contract by duration, numbers and percentage of total employment, Croatia,
1997,2002
and
2004 101
4.4
Duration of fixed-term contracts, numbers and percentage of total fixed-term
employment, Croatia,
1997,2002
and
2004 102
4.5
Characteristics of multiple-job holding, numbers and percentages of total
employment, Croatia,
1998
and
2002 106
5.1
Employment-population and participation-population ratios by age,
Hungary,
2002
(percentages)
122
5.2
Non-employment and unemployment at age
25-54
by status, Hungary,
1993
and
2001
(percentages)
123
5.3
Unskilled employment-population ratios in the
OECD,
2002
(OLS regressions)
126
5.4
Employment contracts of all in employment and new hires, Hungary,
April-June
2001
(percentages)
129
5.5
Estimates of the labour cost elasticity of labour demand for Hungary
137
5.6
Exit to new jobs versus re-entry to old jobs among UI recipients finding employment
in April, Hungary,
1994
and
2001
(percentages)
138
5.7
The characteristics of newly hired workers, Hungary,
1998
(probabilistic regression)
139
5.8
Employees with
0-6
months tenure as a percentage of total employment,
Hungary,
1997-2001 140
5.9
The probability of exit to job from a childcare spell in
1995-2003
in Hungary
(effects measured in a discrete time duration model)
145
5.10
Working hours and earnings of part-time workers, Hungary, April-June
2001 147
6.1
Labour market inflows (accession rate) and outflows (separation rate) as
percentage of average employment, Lithuania,
2000-03 161
Contents
6.2 Migration
to and from Lithuania,
2001-05 175
7.1
Participation rates, employment rates, unemployment rates, by sex, age
and education as a percentage of the population, Poland,
1998
and
2004 185
7.2
Population, labour force and employment by sex and status of employment,
Poland,
1998
and
2004
(thousands)
186
7.3
Distribution of employment by sex and level of education, Poland,
1998
and
2004
(percentages)
187
7.4
Unemployed by sex, age and level of education, Poland,
1998
and
2004
(percentages)
188
8.1
Bargaining, unionization and the informal economy, selected CSEE countries
and EU15, late
1990s
and early 2000s
217
8.2
Correlation coefficients of GDP per worker and real wages, selected CSEE
countries,
1989-2003 220
8.3
Coefficient of variation of regional unemployment, selected CSEE countries,
1999-2003 222
8.4
Correlation coefficients of sectoral real wage (deflated by
CPI)
and sectoral
value added per worker, selected CSEE countries,
1996
to early 2000s
224
8.5
Gross average earnings by educational achievement as a percentage of average
earnings, selected CSEE countries, early 2000s
225
8.6
Gross average earnings by major occupational groups as a percentage of
average earnings, selected CSEE countries, early 2000s
226
8.7
Main features of the tax system, selected CSEE countries and EU15,
2003 230
8.8
Tax wedge as a percentage of labour cost for single person without children
earning average wage, selected CSEE countries,
1995-2003 231
8.9
Tax wedge on low wage earners, selected CSEE countries and EU15,
1996-2003 231
List of figures
2.1
Labour market participation rates (population aged
15-64),
EU8+3 countries,
2000
and
2004
(percentages)
11
2.2
Labour market participation rates by sex (population aged
15-64),
EU8+3
countries,
2000
and
2004
(percentages)
12
2.3
Employment rates, EU8+3 countries,
2000
and
2004
(percentages)
13
2.4
Employment rates by sex, EU8+3 countries,
2000
and
2004
(percentages)
13
2.5
Unemployment rates by sex as percentage of labour force, selected CSEE
countries,
2000
and
2004
(percentages)
15
2.6
Youth unemployment rates (population aged
15-24)
by sex, selected CSEE
countries,
2000
and
2004
(percentages)
16
xi
Flexicurity
2.7
Accession and separation rates within selected CSEE countries,
1990-2003
(percentages)
26
2.8
Labour market flows and GDP growth, selected CSEE countries,
1990-2005
(percentages)
34
2.9
Relationship between EPL strictness and aggregate unemployment, selected
CSEE countries,
2003 39
2.10
Relationship between EPL strictness and temporary employment, selected
CSEE countries,
2003 40
2.11
Relationship between EPL strictness and self-employment, selected CSEE
countries,
2003 40
2.12
Relationship between EPL strictness and labour turnover, selected CSEE
countries,
2003 41
3.1
Annual GDP and employment growth, Bulgaria,
1990-2005
(percentages)
59
3.2
Labour force participation, total and by sex, Bulgaria,
1993-2005
(percentages)
60
3.3
Employment, Bulgaria,
1993-2005
(thousands and percentages)
61
3.4
Discouraged workers as a percentage of inactive population and by sex,
Bulgaria,
1994-2005 62
3.5
Number of unemployment benefit recipients (thousands) and the share of PLMP
spending in GDP (percentages), Bulgaria,
1994-2005 75
3.6
Coverage rate of unemployment benefits and ratio of benefits to the average
wage, Bulgaria,
1991-2005
(percentages)
82
3.7
Spending on ALMP as a percentage of GDP, Bulgaria,
1993-2005 83
3.8
Participants in ALMP as a percentage of total registered unemployed,
Bulgaria,
1995-2003 84
3.9
Phillips curve showing the relationship between the unemployment rate and
the nominal wage growth rate, Bulgaria,
1991-2003 86
4.1
Annual change in employment, unemployment and the labour force, Croatia,
1963-2005
(thousands)
94
4.2
Biannual employment figures from establishment data and the LFS, Croatia,
1996-2005
(thousands)
95
4.3
Registered and LFS unemployment, Croatia,
1988-2006
(thousands)
96
4.4
Average monthly employment
2000-04
and monthly employment
2005,
Croatia (thousands)
97
4.5
Distribution of the duration of employment with current employer, Croatia,
1998,2002
and
2004 103
4.6
Distribution of the duration of employment with current employer by sex,
Croatia,
2002/03 104
4.7
Average wage by sex and job tenure, Croatia,
2004 104
4.8
Average wage by sex and age, Croatia,
2004 105
xii
Contents
5.1
The distribution of the non-employed population in
2000
by year of last
employment, Hungary (thousands)
125
5.2
Change of employment of pensioners and non-pensioners, by age and sex,
Hungary,
1992-97
and
1997-2003
(percentages)
142
5.3
Components of change in the employment ratio by age, sex and pension
status, Hungary, cumulated percentages
1997-2003 144
6.1
Actual and forecast number of employed persons
(15-64
years) and
employment rate (percentages), Lithuania,
2000-10 152
6.2
Registered unemployed, Lithuania,
1992-2005
(thousands)
153
6.3
Average annual unemployment rate, Lithuania,
1995-2005 154
6.4
Unemployment rate by age group, Lithuania,
2003
(percentages)
155
6.5
Distribution of the length of unemployment, Lithuania,
2005
(percentages)
156
6.6
Share of vocational qualifications among unemployed and employed
persons, Lithuania,
2005
(percentages)
157
6.7
Job placements as a percentage of registered unemployed and annual real
GDP growth, Lithuania,
1995-2003
(percentages)
164
6.8
Average unemployment benefits (UB) as a percentage of the average net
wage (AW) and the minimum wage (MW), Lithuania,
1995-2005 167
6.9
Share of unemployed receiving unemployment benefits, Lithuania,
1992-2005
(percentages)
168
6.10
Shares of long-term unemployed, re-registered unemployed and newly
registered unemployed in total unemployment, Lithuania,
2005 170
7.1
Employment, unemployment and out of the labour force, Poland,
1992-2004
(thousands)
181
8.1
Level of real wages, selected CSEE countries,
1989-2003 218
8.2
Productivity measured as GDP per worker, selected CSEE countries,
1989-2003 219
8.3
Sectoral wage dispersion measured by coefficient of variation, selected CSEE
countries,
1993-2003 223
8.4
Minimum wage as a percentage of the average gross wage, selected CSEE
countries,
1990-2003 227
xiii
|
| adam_txt |
CONTENTS
Foreword
v
Acknowledgements
xiv
1
Introduction
(Sandrine
Cazes
and Alena Nešporova)
1
1.1
The debate about
flexibility
and labour
market performance
1
1.2
The concept of flexicurity
3
1.3
Labour markets in transition: Flexible but jobless
5
1.4
Towards flexicurity strategies in Central and South-Eastern Europe
7
2
Labour markets in Central and South-Eastern Europe: From transition to
stabilization
(Sandrine Cazes
and
Alena Nešporova)
9
2.1
Introduction
9
2.2
Recent labour market developments: Positive trends, persisting
problems and new challenges
10
2.3
Increasing flexibilization of employment relations in Central and
South-Eastern Europe
18
2.4
Labour market dynamics in the region: Recent trends
23
2.5
Employment protection legislation and its impact on labour market
developments
35
2.6
Do labour market institutions still matter in CSEE countries?
42
Annex
2.1 55
3
Bulgaria
(Iskra
Beleva,
Vasil Tzanov and
Genoveva Tisheva)
57
3.1
Introduction
57
3.2
Main characteristics of the national labour market
58
3.3
Flexibility and security: Institutional background
69
3.4
Interaction between employment protection and labour market policies
80
3.5
Policy conclusions
88
VII
Flexicurity
4
Croatia
(Sanja Crnković-Pozaić)
93
4.1
Introduction
93
4.2
Labour market flexibility and employment stability
98
4.3
Labour market flexibility and income security
108
4.4
Policy recommendations: Addressing the challenge
117
5
Hungary
(János Köllöand Beáta Nacsa)
121
5.1
Introduction
121
5.2
The basic facts
122
5.3
Flexibility and job security: The institutional background
126
5.4
Flexibility: Behavioural patterns and outcomes
133
5.5
Welfare schemes
140
5.6
Conclusions
147
Annex
5.1 148
6
Lithuania (Boguslavas Gruzevskis and
Inga Blaziene) 149
6.1
Introduction
149
6.2
Main characteristics and issues of the Lithuanian labour market
151
6.3
Flexibility and security: The institutional background
158
6.4
Interactions between employment protection and labour market policies
169
6.5
Policy conclusions
176
6.6
Future perspectives
179
7
Poland
(Gabriela
Grotkowska,
Mieczysław W. Socha
and
Urszula Sztanderska)
181
7.1
Introduction
181
7.2
Labour market characteristics and issues
184
7.3
Flexibility and security: The institutional background
191
7.4
Labour market flexibility, employment and social protection
201
7.5
Policy conclusions
206
8
The wage dimension of flexibility and security in selected Central and
South-Eastern European countries (Mirco Tonin)
213
8.1
Introduction
213
8.2
The wage formation system
214
8.3
Wage flexibility
217
8.4
Is there a wage floor? The minimum wage and unemployment benefits
226
8.5
The tax wedge
229
8.6
Conclusions
232
9
Policy conclusions
(Sandrine Cazes
and
Alena Nešporova)
235
9.1
A summary of findings
235
9.2
Policy implications
239
Bibliography
245
Index
251
viii
Contents
List of
tables
2.1
Average annual growth rates of GDP and employment, CSEE countries,
2000-04
(percentages)
10
2.2
Aggregate
(AUR)
and youth (YUR) unemployment rates, CSEE countries,
2000
and
2004
(percentages)
14
2.3
Long-term unemployment as percentage of total unemployment, CSEE
countries,
2000
and
2004 17
2.4
Self-employment as percentage of total employment by sex, CSEE countries,
2000
and
2004 18
2.5
Fixed-term contracts as percentage of total employment, CSEE countries,
2000
and
2004 20
2.6
Part-time employment as percentage of total employment, CSEE countries,
2000
and
2004 21
2.7
Accession rates, separation rates and labour turnover, selected CSEE countries,
1990-2003
(percentages)
25
2.8
Correlations between GDP and employment dynamics (E) versus labour turnover
(LT), selected CSEE countries,
1999-2003 28
2.9
Distribution of employment by job tenure, selected CSEE countries,
2003
(percentages)
30
2.10
Distribution of employment by job tenure, selected CSEE countries,
1999
and
2003
(percentages)
31
2.11
Separation rates by destination of outflows from employment, selected CSEE
countries,
1990-2003
(percentages)
32
2.12
Correlation coefficients of GDP and outflows from employment by destination,
selected CSEE countries,
1999-2003 33
2.13
EPL strictness indices in selected
EU
member and candidate countries,
2003
compared with the late
1990s 37
2.14
Main characteristics of labour market institutions and policies in the CSEE
countries,
2002-03 45
2.15
Regressions explaining the log unemployment rate (dependent variable) for
selected CSEE and
OECD
countries,
2003
compared to the late
1990s 47
2.16
Regressions explaining the log long-term unemployment rate (dependent
variable) for selected CSEE and
OECD
countries,
2003
compared to the
late
1990s 48
2.17
Regressions explaining log youth unemployment rate (dependent variable) for
selected CSEE and
OECD
countries,
2003
compared to the late
1990s 49
2.18
Regressions explaining the employment rate (dependent variable) for selected
CSEE and
OECD
countries,
2003
compared to the late
1990s 51
2.19
Regressions explaining the labour force participation rate (dependent variable)
for selected CSEE and
OECD
countries,
2003
compared to the late
1
990s
52
IX
Flexicurity
3.1
Registered and total unemployment in Bulgaria,
1993-2005
(thousands
and percentages)
63
3.2
Unemployment flows, Bulgaria,
1992-2003
(numbers)
67
3.3
Expenditure on ALMP and PLMP as a percentage of total labour market
policy spending, Bulgaria,
1993-2003 74
3.4
Participation in centrally funded ALMP programmes and measures,
Bulgaria,
2001-03
(numbers and percentages)
77
3.5
Participation in training and retraining measures and programmes for the
unemployed as percentage of total participants, Bulgaria,
1996-2004 79
4.1
Formal activity status of the employed, Croatia,
2002
and
2004
(numbers
and percentages)
99
4.2
Worker remuneration and benefits, by employment status, Croatia,
2002
and
2004 100
4.3
Types of contract by duration, numbers and percentage of total employment, Croatia,
1997,2002
and
2004 101
4.4
Duration of fixed-term contracts, numbers and percentage of total fixed-term
employment, Croatia,
1997,2002
and
2004 102
4.5
Characteristics of multiple-job holding, numbers and percentages of total
employment, Croatia,
1998
and
2002 106
5.1
Employment-population and participation-population ratios by age,
Hungary,
2002
(percentages)
122
5.2
Non-employment and unemployment at age
25-54
by status, Hungary,
1993
and
2001
(percentages)
123
5.3
Unskilled employment-population ratios in the
OECD,
2002
(OLS regressions)
126
5.4
Employment contracts of all in employment and new hires, Hungary,
April-June
2001
(percentages)
129
5.5
Estimates of the labour cost elasticity of labour demand for Hungary
137
5.6
Exit to new jobs versus re-entry to old jobs among UI recipients finding employment
in April, Hungary,
1994
and
2001
(percentages)
138
5.7
The characteristics of newly hired workers, Hungary,
1998
(probabilistic regression)
139
5.8
Employees with
0-6
months' tenure as a percentage of total employment,
Hungary,
1997-2001 140
5.9
The probability of exit to job from a childcare spell in
1995-2003
in Hungary
(effects measured in a discrete time duration model)
145
5.10
Working hours and earnings of part-time workers, Hungary, April-June
2001 147
6.1
Labour market inflows (accession rate) and outflows (separation rate) as
percentage of average employment, Lithuania,
2000-03 161
Contents
6.2 Migration
to and from Lithuania,
2001-05 175
7.1
Participation rates, employment rates, unemployment rates, by sex, age
and education as a percentage of the population, Poland,
1998
and
2004 185
7.2
Population, labour force and employment by sex and status of employment,
Poland,
1998
and
2004
(thousands)
186
7.3
Distribution of employment by sex and level of education, Poland,
1998
and
2004
(percentages)
187
7.4
Unemployed by sex, age and level of education, Poland,
1998
and
2004
(percentages)
188
8.1
Bargaining, unionization and the informal economy, selected CSEE countries
and EU15, late
1990s
and early 2000s
217
8.2
Correlation coefficients of GDP per worker and real wages, selected CSEE
countries,
1989-2003 220
8.3
Coefficient of variation of regional unemployment, selected CSEE countries,
1999-2003 222
8.4
Correlation coefficients of sectoral real wage (deflated by
CPI)
and sectoral
value added per worker, selected CSEE countries,
1996
to early 2000s
224
8.5
Gross average earnings by educational achievement as a percentage of average
earnings, selected CSEE countries, early 2000s
225
8.6
Gross average earnings by major occupational groups as a percentage of
average earnings, selected CSEE countries, early 2000s
226
8.7
Main features of the tax system, selected CSEE countries and EU15,
2003 230
8.8
Tax wedge as a percentage of labour cost for single person without children
earning average wage, selected CSEE countries,
1995-2003 231
8.9
Tax wedge on low wage earners, selected CSEE countries and EU15,
1996-2003 231
List of figures
2.1
Labour market participation rates (population aged
15-64),
EU8+3 countries,
2000
and
2004
(percentages)
11
2.2
Labour market participation rates by sex (population aged
15-64),
EU8+3
countries,
2000
and
2004
(percentages)
12
2.3
Employment rates, EU8+3 countries,
2000
and
2004
(percentages)
13
2.4
Employment rates by sex, EU8+3 countries,
2000
and
2004
(percentages)
13
2.5
Unemployment rates by sex as percentage of labour force, selected CSEE
countries,
2000
and
2004
(percentages)
15
2.6
Youth unemployment rates (population aged
15-24)
by sex, selected CSEE
countries,
2000
and
2004
(percentages)
16
xi
Flexicurity
2.7
Accession and separation rates within selected CSEE countries,
1990-2003
(percentages)
26
2.8
Labour market flows and GDP growth, selected CSEE countries,
1990-2005
(percentages)
34
2.9
Relationship between EPL strictness and aggregate unemployment, selected
CSEE countries,
2003 39
2.10
Relationship between EPL strictness and temporary employment, selected
CSEE countries,
2003 40
2.11
Relationship between EPL strictness and self-employment, selected CSEE
countries,
2003 40
2.12
Relationship between EPL strictness and labour turnover, selected CSEE
countries,
2003 41
3.1
Annual GDP and employment growth, Bulgaria,
1990-2005
(percentages)
59
3.2
Labour force participation, total and by sex, Bulgaria,
1993-2005
(percentages)
60
3.3
Employment, Bulgaria,
1993-2005
(thousands and percentages)
61
3.4
Discouraged workers as a percentage of inactive population and by sex,
Bulgaria,
1994-2005 62
3.5
Number of unemployment benefit recipients (thousands) and the share of PLMP
spending in GDP (percentages), Bulgaria,
1994-2005 75
3.6
Coverage rate of unemployment benefits and ratio of benefits to the average
wage, Bulgaria,
1991-2005
(percentages)
82
3.7
Spending on ALMP as a percentage of GDP, Bulgaria,
1993-2005 83
3.8
Participants in ALMP as a percentage of total registered unemployed,
Bulgaria,
1995-2003 84
3.9
Phillips curve showing the relationship between the unemployment rate and
the nominal wage growth rate, Bulgaria,
1991-2003 86
4.1
Annual change in employment, unemployment and the labour force, Croatia,
1963-2005
(thousands)
94
4.2
Biannual employment figures from establishment data and the LFS, Croatia,
1996-2005
(thousands)
95
4.3
Registered and LFS unemployment, Croatia,
1988-2006
(thousands)
96
4.4
Average monthly employment
2000-04
and monthly employment
2005,
Croatia (thousands)
97
4.5
Distribution of the duration of employment with current employer, Croatia,
1998,2002
and
2004 103
4.6
Distribution of the duration of employment with current employer by sex,
Croatia,
2002/03 104
4.7
Average wage by sex and job tenure, Croatia,
2004 104
4.8
Average wage by sex and age, Croatia,
2004 105
xii
Contents
5.1
The distribution of the non-employed population in
2000
by year of last
employment, Hungary (thousands)
125
5.2
Change of employment of pensioners and non-pensioners, by age and sex,
Hungary,
1992-97
and
1997-2003
(percentages)
142
5.3
Components of change in the employment ratio by age, sex and pension
status, Hungary, cumulated percentages
1997-2003 144
6.1
Actual and forecast number of employed persons
(15-64
years) and
employment rate (percentages), Lithuania,
2000-10 152
6.2
Registered unemployed, Lithuania,
1992-2005
(thousands)
153
6.3
Average annual unemployment rate, Lithuania,
1995-2005 154
6.4
Unemployment rate by age group, Lithuania,
2003
(percentages)
155
6.5
Distribution of the length of unemployment, Lithuania,
2005
(percentages)
156
6.6
Share of vocational qualifications among unemployed and employed
persons, Lithuania,
2005
(percentages)
157
6.7
Job placements as a percentage of registered unemployed and annual real
GDP growth, Lithuania,
1995-2003
(percentages)
164
6.8
Average unemployment benefits (UB) as a percentage of the average net
wage (AW) and the minimum wage (MW), Lithuania,
1995-2005 167
6.9
Share of unemployed receiving unemployment benefits, Lithuania,
1992-2005
(percentages)
168
6.10
Shares of long-term unemployed, re-registered unemployed and newly
registered unemployed in total unemployment, Lithuania,
2005 170
7.1
Employment, unemployment and out of the labour force, Poland,
1992-2004
(thousands)
181
8.1
Level of real wages, selected CSEE countries,
1989-2003 218
8.2
Productivity measured as GDP per worker, selected CSEE countries,
1989-2003 219
8.3
Sectoral wage dispersion measured by coefficient of variation, selected CSEE
countries,
1993-2003 223
8.4
Minimum wage as a percentage of the average gross wage, selected CSEE
countries,
1990-2003 227
xiii |
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| spelling | Flexicurity a relevant approach in Central and Eastern Europe Sandrine Cazes and Alena Nesporova [eds.] 1. publ. Geneva Internat. Labour Office 2007 XIV, 262 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Enth. 9 Beitr. - Literaturverz. S. 245 - 251. - Enth. Index Arbeitsmarkt fes Arbeitsmarktpolitik fes Arbeitsmobilität fes Arbeitsmarkt (DE-588)4002733-8 gnd rswk-swf Bulgarien fes Kroatien fes Litauen fes Osteuropa fes Ostmitteleuropa fes Polen fes Südosteuropa fes Ungarn fes Osteuropa (DE-588)4075739-0 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Osteuropa (DE-588)4075739-0 g Arbeitsmarkt (DE-588)4002733-8 s DE-604 Cazes, Sandrine Sonstige oth Nesporova, Alena Sonstige oth http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0706/2007385174.html Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015507990&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Flexicurity a relevant approach in Central and Eastern Europe Arbeitsmarkt fes Arbeitsmarktpolitik fes Arbeitsmobilität fes Arbeitsmarkt (DE-588)4002733-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4002733-8 (DE-588)4075739-0 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Flexicurity a relevant approach in Central and Eastern Europe |
| title_auth | Flexicurity a relevant approach in Central and Eastern Europe |
| title_exact_search | Flexicurity a relevant approach in Central and Eastern Europe |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Flexicurity a relevant approach in Central and Eastern Europe |
| title_full | Flexicurity a relevant approach in Central and Eastern Europe Sandrine Cazes and Alena Nesporova [eds.] |
| title_fullStr | Flexicurity a relevant approach in Central and Eastern Europe Sandrine Cazes and Alena Nesporova [eds.] |
| title_full_unstemmed | Flexicurity a relevant approach in Central and Eastern Europe Sandrine Cazes and Alena Nesporova [eds.] |
| title_short | Flexicurity |
| title_sort | flexicurity a relevant approach in central and eastern europe |
| title_sub | a relevant approach in Central and Eastern Europe |
| topic | Arbeitsmarkt fes Arbeitsmarktpolitik fes Arbeitsmobilität fes Arbeitsmarkt (DE-588)4002733-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Arbeitsmarkt Arbeitsmarktpolitik Arbeitsmobilität Bulgarien Kroatien Litauen Osteuropa Ostmitteleuropa Polen Südosteuropa Ungarn Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0706/2007385174.html http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015507990&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cazessandrine flexicurityarelevantapproachincentralandeasterneurope AT nesporovaalena flexicurityarelevantapproachincentralandeasterneurope |
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