Evoluţia Portului Constanţa între anii 1896 şi 1948: aspecte economice şi sociale
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Romanian |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Constanţa
Ed. Muntenia
2006
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | 234 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9736921425 9789736921421 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804136268464914432 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CUPRINS
LISTA ABREVIERILOR
CUVÂNT ÎNAINTE
INTRODUCERE
CAPITOLUL
Oraşul şi portul de la jumătatea secolului al XlX-lea la începutul secolului
alXX-lea
Í.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
CAPITOLUL
De la război la criza economică
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
CAPITOLUL III
Principalul port al României în anii
3.1
3.2
3.3
CAPITOLUL
Portul între anii
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
română
CAPITOLUL
Primii ani postbelici
5.1
5.2
sovietice
5.3
CONCLUZII
RÉSUMÉ
SUMMARY
BIBLIOGRAFIE
ANEXE
Documente
Hărţi, planuri, scheme
Tabele şi grafice
Imagini
Summary
The evolution of the port of Constantza is closely linked to the history
of Dobrudja and with the XXth century also to the Romanian history. From a
small shelter, completed by a
warehouses , as Constantza was in
communication gate between Romania, Europe and the world. From an
unimportant port which bears the seal of past times, Constantza gets to
compete with other large European harbours, outweighting
Venice,being as famous as Marseilles in
Although it was obtainded with the sacrifice of ten thousand soldiers on
the Bulgarian battlefields and the yielding of Southern Bassarabia, winning
Dobrudja in
simple territory did not mean much unless there were attempts to integrate it in
the Romanian Kingdom.
exactly the role of the new territory and especially that of the town, hard-tried
by history, dusty and dirty up to that moment. What did Constantza mean until
1878?
thousand inhabitants. Yet, the railway reconstruction, the
and the beginning of the harbour modernisation shed light again on a town
that had lived too long in the shadow of other Dobrudjan settlements:
Babadag, Silistra or Tulcea.
The Romanian state made important efforts in what concerns the
modernisation of the harbour; the work began in
installations were inaugurated in
manifestation, the king Carol I made a true foreseeing in his speech: I have
faith that the great plans implemented up to this point are just the beginning of
what the future holds! .
The town and the port as well are in constant growth up to the First
World War. In the harbour of Constantza the traffic is intense, reaching
695
the port of Constantza in the biggest Romanian harbour brought many
controversy as representatives from
of favouring the sea port. However, the advantages of Constantza simply
overwhelmed those of the other harbours: it had an almost full year activity
and also a greater depth of the port area, which enabled the accostation of
very large ships.
The Great
marked the following development
cereal trucks and
enters the war, but they are all taken as spoils. Different materials and tools
are taken from the port and sent to the enemy countries. According to an off
record statistic, the losses of the Institutions and private people sum up
74.439.642
135
but only the year
upward course, having in view new spreading projects.
The port of Constantza had a very precise role: the exportation of
petroleum products, cereal, but wood and animals as well. Also, during winter,
Constantza is an importation port, as the ship access to Danube is difficult.
Some of the guide marks are strongly illustrating: from
20 000
The peak year is
22,2%
tones and the petroleum reservoirs one of
the port helps the development of the entire town, which expands, as new
quarters appear
(Viile
the minorities are much more than a simple presence in Constantza. In fact, a
model of ethnic and religious tolerance is adopted, although it is disturbed by
the Bulgarians excesses in the first years of the First World War. The aspects
that influence the evolution of the port are not neglected: the appereance and
S.M.R. development, the administrative organisation of the port and the trade
union activity.
We tried to depict the port turning from trading activity to a military
one. Moreover, we could not resist the temptation of discussing the issue of
the Royal Military Marine in war and especially its terrible faith in
Entering the war brings only days of nightmare for Romania: air raids, fear,
poverty. But all these are nothing compared to what was to fallow after the
23rd August
is humiliated and defeated on 5th September
and most of the crews taken prisoneers. The trade fleet shares the same
destiny. The truce convention, the Romanian
May
USSR, which impoverished Romania and draw a longer recovering period. If
up to
of strong efforts to rebuild the powerful image of Constantza, the improvement
being delayed by the long disputed relationships with the USSR. Despite this,
the future is favourable, Constantza maintaining its position of a very important
economic port up to these days.
Our step had the basis of a genuine truth, in the fact that the
development of Constantza as a town was generated by the development and
modernisation of Constantza as a harbour. The Romanian position as a great
producer and exporter of oil, cereal, wood, only implied the necessity of an
opened, competitive harbour, accessible to all European and international
trading relationships. And Constantza was deemed to have this role from the
136
very beginning of the XXth century. Modernisation meant both broadening the
port with the new areas or platforms, and endowment with the necessary
installations: silos, reservoirs, transportation pipes
efforts were not in vain: Constantza reached the level of the great European
harbours, in this way contributing to the general development of the area. The
evolution of the town met alternating periods of intense development and
regress, the process being interrupted for different, objective reason: the
international economical and political crisis, the world wide conflicts, the
monopoly exerted by some of the great powers (Germany, USSR)
We considered that the activity in the harbour of Constantza should be
linked to the economic evolution of Romania, in general, and that of the
exterior trading, in particular. We used such a comparison in our attempt to
deduce the role and the position held by the port of Constantza in the
Romanian economy from the end of the XlXth century up to the first half of the
XXth century.
Another issue of this work would be that of presenting some
aspects
First World War, the area defence in the Second World War or the nature of
the Romanian-Soviet relationships in the first years following tha war. We
hoped that this presentation would mitigate the technical side of this work.
Perhaps aspects such as the life of the minorities in a cosmopolitan town, as
harbours usually are, should also have been considered.
We studied the evolution of the harbour of Constatza on historical
periods of time, concluding as it follows: before
settlement, important only due to its history and the harbour seemed to have
no future. Between
Numerous modernisation plans are present and other
signal the uncertainy of their own future. After the First World war, the first
necessary steps for the recovery of the capacity of the port are made and in
1926
exporting Romanian port, having as most significant product the cereals.
Moreover, in the years
economic crisis, the traffic in the port grows larger and larger. The intense oil
exportation is considered to be the miracle solution for balancing, as much as
possible, the trading scale.
After
still felt, the year
for the harbour. Constantza has the scope of an important European port, due
not only to the different utilities built, but also to the trading relationships with
various cities in Europe and throughout the world. From
crisis effects are felt and a conflict seems imminent. The port is prepared for
war actually resists successfully to air raids and enemy attacks. The tragedy
strikes after 23rd August
of Romania, the Soviet Union considers us hostile and therefore treats us as
137
defeated. After
of immediate recovery. The economic plunder drawn by the USSR over the
Romanian economy leaves deep marks over the evolution of the port as
well.The communism brings in Romania the implementation of the Soviet
pattern, and consequentely the destruction of individual initiative.
We dealt with a part of the issue raised by the evolution of the harbour
of Constantza over a long period of time, period that met different moments
and steps under the influence of economical and political life. Some aspects
were dealt throughly, others scantily, all in accordance with our information
sources. The continuation of this investigation will allow a vast discussion,
which will lead to a more vivid image of the daily life of the harbour, of its direct
connection, both to the country and abroad. With the possibilities provided at
this moment, we feel that we created a part of a whole, a future monograph on
the port of Constantza, from the origins up to present.
Translated by
138
|
| adam_txt |
CUPRINS
LISTA ABREVIERILOR
CUVÂNT ÎNAINTE
INTRODUCERE
CAPITOLUL
Oraşul şi portul de la jumătatea secolului al XlX-lea la începutul secolului
alXX-lea
Í.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
CAPITOLUL
De la război la criza economică
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
CAPITOLUL III
Principalul port al României în anii
3.1
3.2
3.3
CAPITOLUL
Portul între anii
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
română
CAPITOLUL
Primii ani postbelici
5.1
5.2
sovietice
5.3
CONCLUZII
RÉSUMÉ
SUMMARY
BIBLIOGRAFIE
ANEXE
Documente
Hărţi, planuri, scheme
Tabele şi grafice
Imagini
Summary
The evolution of the port of Constantza is closely linked to the history
of Dobrudja and with the XXth century also to the Romanian history. From "a
small shelter, completed by a
warehouses", as Constantza was in
"communication gate" between Romania, Europe and the world. From an
unimportant port which bears the seal of past times, Constantza gets to
compete with other large European harbours, outweighting
Venice,being as famous as Marseilles in
Although it was obtainded with the sacrifice of ten thousand soldiers on
the Bulgarian battlefields and the yielding of Southern Bassarabia, winning
Dobrudja in
simple territory did not mean much unless there were attempts to integrate it in
the Romanian Kingdom.
exactly the role of the new territory and especially that of the town, hard-tried
by history, dusty and dirty up to that moment. What did Constantza mean until
1878?
thousand inhabitants. Yet, the railway reconstruction, the
and the beginning of the harbour modernisation shed light again on a town
that had lived too long in the shadow of other Dobrudjan settlements:
Babadag, Silistra or Tulcea.
The Romanian state made important efforts in what concerns the
modernisation of the harbour; the work began in
installations were inaugurated in
manifestation, the king Carol I made a true foreseeing in his speech: "I have
faith that the great plans implemented up to this point are just the beginning of
what the future holds!".
The town and the port as well are in constant growth up to the First
World War. In the harbour of Constantza the traffic is intense, reaching
695
the port of Constantza in the biggest Romanian harbour brought many
controversy as representatives from
of favouring the sea port. However, the advantages of Constantza simply
overwhelmed those of the other harbours: it had an almost full year activity
and also a greater depth of the port area, which enabled the accostation of
very large ships.
"The Great
marked the following development
cereal trucks and
enters the war, but they are all taken as spoils. Different materials and tools
are taken from the port and sent to the enemy countries. According to an off
record statistic, the losses of the Institutions and private people sum up
74.439.642
135
but only the year
upward course, having in view new spreading projects.
The port of Constantza had a very precise role: the exportation of
petroleum products, cereal, but wood and animals as well. Also, during winter,
Constantza is an importation port, as the ship access to Danube is difficult.
Some of the guide marks are strongly illustrating: from
20 000
The peak year is
22,2%
tones and the petroleum reservoirs one of
the port helps the development of the entire town, which expands, as new
quarters appear
(Viile
the minorities are much more than a simple presence in Constantza. In fact, a
model of ethnic and religious tolerance is adopted, although it is disturbed by
the Bulgarians' excesses in the first years of the First World War. The aspects
that influence the evolution of the port are not neglected: the appereance and
S.M.R. development, the administrative organisation of the port and the trade
union activity.
We tried to depict the port turning from trading activity to a military
one. Moreover, we could not resist the temptation of discussing the issue of
the Royal Military Marine in war and especially its terrible faith in
Entering the war brings only days of nightmare for Romania: air raids, fear,
poverty. But all these are nothing compared to what was to fallow after the
23rd August
is humiliated and defeated on 5th September
and most of the crews taken prisoneers. The trade fleet shares the same
destiny. The truce convention, the Romanian
May
USSR, which impoverished Romania and draw a longer recovering period. If
up to
of strong efforts to rebuild the powerful image of Constantza, the improvement
being delayed by the long disputed relationships with the USSR. Despite this,
the future is favourable, Constantza maintaining its position of a very important
economic port up to these days.
Our step had the basis of a genuine truth, in the fact that the
development of Constantza as a town was generated by the development and
modernisation of Constantza as a harbour. The Romanian position as a great
producer and exporter of oil, cereal, wood, only implied the necessity of an
opened, competitive harbour, accessible to all European and international
trading relationships. And Constantza was deemed to have this role from the
136
very beginning of the XXth century. Modernisation meant both broadening the
port with the new areas or platforms, and endowment with the necessary
installations: silos, reservoirs, transportation pipes
efforts were not in vain: Constantza reached the level of the great European
harbours, in this way contributing to the general development of the area. The
evolution of the town met alternating periods of intense development and
regress, the process being interrupted for different, objective reason: the
international economical and political crisis, the world wide conflicts, the
monopoly exerted by some of the great powers (Germany, USSR)
We considered that the activity in the harbour of Constantza should be
linked to the economic evolution of Romania, in general, and that of the
exterior trading, in particular. We used such a comparison in our attempt to
deduce the role and the position held by the port of Constantza in the
Romanian economy from the end of the XlXth century up to the first half of the
XXth century.
Another issue of this work would be that of presenting some
aspects
First World War, the area defence in the Second World War or the nature of
the Romanian-Soviet relationships in the first years following tha war. We
hoped that this presentation would mitigate the technical side of this work.
Perhaps aspects such as the life of the minorities in a cosmopolitan town, as
harbours usually are, should also have been considered.
We studied the evolution of the harbour of Constatza on historical
periods of time, concluding as it follows: before
settlement, important only due to its history and the harbour seemed to have
no future. Between
Numerous modernisation plans are present and other
signal the uncertainy of their own future. After the First World war, the first
necessary steps for the recovery of the capacity of the port are made and in
1926
exporting Romanian port, having as most significant product the cereals.
Moreover, in the years
economic crisis, the traffic in the port grows larger and larger. The intense oil
exportation is considered to be the miracle solution for balancing, as much as
possible, the trading scale.
After
still felt, the year
for the harbour. Constantza has the scope of an important European port, due
not only to the different utilities built, but also to the trading relationships with
various cities in Europe and throughout the world. From
crisis effects are felt and a conflict seems imminent. The port is prepared for
war actually resists successfully to air raids and enemy attacks. The tragedy
strikes after 23rd August
of Romania, the Soviet Union considers us hostile and therefore treats us as
137
defeated. After
of immediate recovery. The economic plunder drawn by the USSR over the
Romanian economy leaves deep marks over the evolution of the port as
well.The communism brings in Romania the implementation of the Soviet
pattern, and consequentely the destruction of individual initiative.
We dealt with a part of the issue raised by the evolution of the harbour
of Constantza over a long period of time, period that met different moments
and steps under the influence of economical and political life. Some aspects
were dealt throughly, others scantily, all in accordance with our information
sources. The continuation of this investigation will allow a vast discussion,
which will lead to a more vivid image of the daily life of the harbour, of its direct
connection, both to the country and abroad. With the possibilities provided at
this moment, we feel that we created a part of a whole, a future monograph on
the port of Constantza, from the origins up to present.
Translated by
138 |
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| geographic | Constanṭa (DE-588)4096764-5 gnd Rumänien (DE-588)4050939-4 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Constanṭa Rumänien |
| id | DE-604.BV022266295 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T16:44:30Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T20:53:42Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9736921425 9789736921421 |
| language | Romanian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-015476860 |
| oclc_num | 162437887 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 234 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| publishDateSearch | 2006 |
| publishDateSort | 2006 |
| publisher | Ed. Muntenia |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Lupu, Mihai Verfasser aut Evoluţia Portului Constanţa între anii 1896 şi 1948 aspecte economice şi sociale Mihai Lupu Constanţa Ed. Muntenia 2006 234 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Geschichte 1900-2000 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Hafen (DE-588)4022859-9 gnd rswk-swf Seehandel (DE-588)4224912-0 gnd rswk-swf Constanṭa (DE-588)4096764-5 gnd rswk-swf Rumänien (DE-588)4050939-4 gnd rswk-swf Constanṭa (DE-588)4096764-5 g Hafen (DE-588)4022859-9 s Geschichte z DE-604 Rumänien (DE-588)4050939-4 g Seehandel (DE-588)4224912-0 s Geschichte 1900-2000 z Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015476860&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015476860&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Lupu, Mihai Evoluţia Portului Constanţa între anii 1896 şi 1948 aspecte economice şi sociale Hafen (DE-588)4022859-9 gnd Seehandel (DE-588)4224912-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4022859-9 (DE-588)4224912-0 (DE-588)4096764-5 (DE-588)4050939-4 |
| title | Evoluţia Portului Constanţa între anii 1896 şi 1948 aspecte economice şi sociale |
| title_auth | Evoluţia Portului Constanţa între anii 1896 şi 1948 aspecte economice şi sociale |
| title_exact_search | Evoluţia Portului Constanţa între anii 1896 şi 1948 aspecte economice şi sociale |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Evoluţia Portului Constanţa între anii 1896 şi 1948 aspecte economice şi sociale |
| title_full | Evoluţia Portului Constanţa între anii 1896 şi 1948 aspecte economice şi sociale Mihai Lupu |
| title_fullStr | Evoluţia Portului Constanţa între anii 1896 şi 1948 aspecte economice şi sociale Mihai Lupu |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evoluţia Portului Constanţa între anii 1896 şi 1948 aspecte economice şi sociale Mihai Lupu |
| title_short | Evoluţia Portului Constanţa între anii 1896 şi 1948 |
| title_sort | evolutia portului constanta intre anii 1896 si 1948 aspecte economice si sociale |
| title_sub | aspecte economice şi sociale |
| topic | Hafen (DE-588)4022859-9 gnd Seehandel (DE-588)4224912-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Hafen Seehandel Constanṭa Rumänien |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015476860&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015476860&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lupumihai evolutiaportuluiconstantaintreanii1896si1948aspecteeconomicesisociale |