Zagłada oficerów Wojska Polskiego na Wschodzie: wrzesień 1939 - maj 1940
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Polish |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Warszawa
Dom Wydawn. Bellona
2006
Warszawa |
| Ausgabe: | Wyd. 2. popr. i uzup. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in engl. und russ. Sprache |
| Beschreibung: | 339 S. Ill., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 8311091943 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Zagłada oficerów Wojska Polskiego na Wschodzie |b wrzesień 1939 - maj 1940 |c Stanisław Jaczyński |
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| 264 | 1 | |a Warszawa |b Dom Wydawn. Bellona |c 2006 | |
| 264 | 1 | |a Warszawa | |
| 300 | |a 339 S. |b Ill., Kt. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Zsfassung in engl. und russ. Sprache | ||
| 610 | 2 | 4 | |a Poland |b Wojsko Polskie |x History |
| 610 | 2 | 4 | |a Soviet Union |b Narodnyĭ komissariat vnutrennikh del |
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1939-1940 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Geschichte | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Weltkrieg (1939-1945) | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Katyn Massacre, Katynʹ, Russia, 1940 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Prisoners of war |z Poland |x History | |
| 650 | 4 | |a World War, 1939-1945 |x Prisoners and prisons, Soviet | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1826642480352722944 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
Spis treści
Wstęp
I. Skutki agresji sowieckiej dla żołnierzy polskich na Kresach Wschodnich
1.1.
1.2.
1939
1.3.
i wewnętrznego prawa ZSRR
П.
2.1.
2.2.
2.3.
2.4.
2.5.
2.6.
2.7.
Ш.
3.1.
3.2.
3.3.
3.4.
3.5.
3.6.
IV.
4.1.
4.2.
4.3.
4.4.
4.5.
V.
ska Polskiego
5.1.
5.2.
5.3.
VI.
6.1.
laniu polskich jeńców
339
6.2.
i Starobielsku
6.3.
Vu.
7.1.
7.2.
Zakończenie
Bibliografia selektywna
Indeks nazwisk
Wykaz ważniejszych skrótów
Summary
Очерк.
( Bayerische
Staatsbibliothek
l München
Summary
Measured by a number of published books, the scientific output concerning the Katyn
massacre is really impressive. However, not all relevant issues have been researched
comprehensively. Particularly marked seems to be the scarcity of works on the fate of the
Polish officers imprisoned after September
Commissariat of Internal Affairs) camps and then murdered in April-May
and Kharkov. The author's main intention was to fill up this gap by publishing a book on the
extermination of the Polish Armed Forces officers in the East.
After
officers who were taken prisoner of war (POWs) by the Soviets. Polish historians and
researches tend to estimate this figure to approach
According to documents originated by the machine of NKVD and made accessible in recent
years, the overall number of the prisoners was smaller amounting to about
In order to deal with the POW problem, on the strength of an order issued by L.P. Beria, the
Commissar for Internal Affairs, on September
command of
Ostashkov, Starobielsk, Kozielsk, Griazovietz, Juchnov, Juza, Kozielstschisna,
Zaokniyev.
The Polish soldiers who were taken prisoner were initially directed to the NKVD transfer
posts situated at the end broad-gauge railway stations of Orehov, Radoskovice, Stolpce,
Timkovice, Zytkovice
Woloczyska and
The prisoners were then put to ten NKVD camps. The aim of the Soviet authorities was
to keep the POWs in complete isolation from the locals, to prevent them from escaping, and
to prepare conditions for communist indoctrination.
However, handling more than
was beyond the NKVD organisational capacities. Therefore at the beginning of October the
Politbiuro of Central Committee of Soviet Communist Party decided to release the POWs of
the private rank born in the eastern part of Poland (Western Byelorussia and the Western
Ukraine). Some of them
road leading from Novogrod Volynski to Lvov. The soldiers from Polish territories now
under German occupation were kept in two camps until the end of the Moscow-Berlin talks
which concerned turning them over to the Germans. It was decreed that the officers of the
Polish Armed Forces and of the Police were to be imprisoned in special camps.
After part of the prisoners was released (privates and NCOs) and after then were turned
over to the Germans, the number of prisoners decreased to become, according to the NKVD
documents,
Ostashkov), and
Particularly tragic was the fate of the Polish Armed Forces officers who were placed at
Kozielsk and Starobielsk, and Polish police officers and civil servants imprisoned at Ostashkov.
At Kozielsk and Starobielsk conditions were horrible: the prisoners had to live in humid
and dirty barracks and in a cold orthodox church. Water was scarce and the kitchen designed
for a small number of people could hardly feed thousands. In Ostashkov it was even worse.
There the Polish police officers were imposed a strict discipline. Even straw to stuff the
mattresses was distributed in scarce quantities.
333
bi
commissars) toed to indoctrinate the prisoners through canvassing, propaganda films and
local radio broadcasting. But it was only some of the privates (who belonged by birth to
national minorities) who became receptive to Soviet propaganda.
Although the NKVD did not comply with the Geneva convention, it permitted the POWs
to establish their own self-government. It played a significant role in consolidating the
prisoners, keeping discipline and proper behaviour.
The feeling among the prisoners changed from apathy after the September
will for action in the end of
conditions and from the rise of hopes for returning home. From January to March
the winding up of the camp began, resignation and excitement dominated. A very important
factor in keeping up the spirit were religious practices, made illegal by camp authorities.
The Soviet political police prepared and developed a system of registration of the prisoners
and to inventory them. It also collected information on each POW, his family and social
background, as well as political and professional activities and international ties, if any.
That procedure of registration was designed to be a tool for seeking out suitable
candidates for an agent network. The task of such a network would have been to recognise
political feelings among the officers and to detect attempts to escape.
However, the results
only
Kozielsk camp, none of the higher rank included.
The "re-education" of the Poles was not a success either. Reports of the Soviet
authorities emphasised patriotism of the officers and their faith in Poland's rebirth. One
evidence of such attitudes were petitions which concerned breaking the international law
sent by the POWs to the Soviet authorities.
Efforts to win over the Poles by means of ideological and propaganda campaign run by
Soviet political officers, including the commissars and special officers dispatched from NKVD
headquarters in Moscow, also failed. Polish officers stuck faithfully to their convictions.
On March
of the Kozielsk, Starobielsk and Ostashkov camps, as well as the POWs imprisoned in
western parts of the Byelorussian and Ukrainian districts. Three NKVD officers of high rank
(Mierkulov, Kobulov and Bastakov) were responsible for passing sentences on the officers.
Moscow's motives are not clear. The author develops a hypothesis that the Soviets
wanted to take revenge on Polish soldiers for the defeat in the
documents which are rarely accessible to a wider public, as well as on the analysis, he
reconstructs the route of the Polish POWs to their place of executions, and also the course of
the executions. It is to note that the Russian side did not render any documents concerning
the organisation of the executions.
According to the NKVD reports covering the third decade of May
were executed. Documents covering the
were murdered. On
informed Nikita Krustschev on
executed. Out of that number
the Byelorussian and Ukrainian districts.
Hardly any wars in the history of mankind ended without crimes. On
Soviet Politbiuro decided that the Polish Armed Forces and Polish police officers im¬
prisoned in the camps shall be executed. It was a crime unparalleled in the history of
contemporary Europe. From legal points of view, it can be considered as a classified crime.
The massacre involved a coldly calculated killing of foreign prisoners in a brutal show of
crude force and with disregard for international treaties.
334 |
| adam_txt |
Spis treści
Wstęp
I. Skutki agresji sowieckiej dla żołnierzy polskich na Kresach Wschodnich
1.1.
1.2.
1939
1.3.
i wewnętrznego prawa ZSRR
П.
2.1.
2.2.
2.3.
2.4.
2.5.
2.6.
2.7.
Ш.
3.1.
3.2.
3.3.
3.4.
3.5.
3.6.
IV.
4.1.
4.2.
4.3.
4.4.
4.5.
V.
ska Polskiego
5.1.
5.2.
5.3.
VI.
6.1.
laniu polskich jeńców
339
6.2.
i Starobielsku
6.3.
Vu.
7.1.
7.2.
Zakończenie
Bibliografia selektywna
Indeks nazwisk
Wykaz ważniejszych skrótów
Summary
Очерк.
( Bayerische
Staatsbibliothek
l München
Summary
Measured by a number of published books, the scientific output concerning the Katyn
massacre is really impressive. However, not all relevant issues have been researched
comprehensively. Particularly marked seems to be the scarcity of works on the fate of the
Polish officers imprisoned after September
Commissariat of Internal Affairs) camps and then murdered in April-May
and Kharkov. The author's main intention was to fill up this gap by publishing a book on the
extermination of the Polish Armed Forces officers in the East.
After
officers who were taken prisoner of war (POWs) by the Soviets. Polish historians and
researches tend to estimate this figure to approach
According to documents originated by the machine of NKVD and made accessible in recent
years, the overall number of the prisoners was smaller amounting to about
In order to deal with the POW problem, on the strength of an order issued by L.P. Beria, the
Commissar for Internal Affairs, on September
command of
Ostashkov, Starobielsk, Kozielsk, Griazovietz, Juchnov, Juza, Kozielstschisna,
Zaokniyev.
The Polish soldiers who were taken prisoner were initially directed to the NKVD transfer
posts situated at the end broad-gauge railway stations of Orehov, Radoskovice, Stolpce,
Timkovice, Zytkovice
Woloczyska and
The prisoners were then put to ten NKVD camps. The aim of the Soviet authorities was
to keep the POWs in complete isolation from the locals, to prevent them from escaping, and
to prepare conditions for communist indoctrination.
However, handling more than
was beyond the NKVD organisational capacities. Therefore at the beginning of October the
Politbiuro of Central Committee of Soviet Communist Party decided to release the POWs of
the private rank born in the eastern part of Poland (Western Byelorussia and the Western
Ukraine). Some of them
road leading from Novogrod Volynski to Lvov. The soldiers from Polish territories now
under German occupation were kept in two camps until the end of the Moscow-Berlin talks
which concerned turning them over to the Germans. It was decreed that the officers of the
Polish Armed Forces and of the Police were to be imprisoned in special camps.
After part of the prisoners was released (privates and NCOs) and after then were turned
over to the Germans, the number of prisoners decreased to become, according to the NKVD
documents,
Ostashkov), and
Particularly tragic was the fate of the Polish Armed Forces officers who were placed at
Kozielsk and Starobielsk, and Polish police officers and civil servants imprisoned at Ostashkov.
At Kozielsk and Starobielsk conditions were horrible: the prisoners had to live in humid
and dirty barracks and in a cold orthodox church. Water was scarce and the kitchen designed
for a small number of people could hardly feed thousands. In Ostashkov it was even worse.
There the Polish police officers were imposed a strict discipline. Even straw to stuff the
mattresses was distributed in scarce quantities.
333
bi
commissars) toed to indoctrinate the prisoners through canvassing, propaganda films and
local radio broadcasting. But it was only some of the privates (who belonged by birth to
national minorities) who became receptive to Soviet propaganda.
Although the NKVD did not comply with the Geneva convention, it permitted the POWs
to establish their own self-government. It played a significant role in consolidating the
prisoners, keeping discipline and proper behaviour.
The feeling among the prisoners changed from apathy after the September
will for action in the end of
conditions and from the rise of hopes for returning home. From January to March
the winding up of the camp began, resignation and excitement dominated. A very important
factor in keeping up the spirit were religious practices, made illegal by camp authorities.
The Soviet political police prepared and developed a system of registration of the prisoners
and to inventory them. It also collected information on each POW, his family and social
background, as well as political and professional activities and international ties, if any.
That procedure of registration was designed to be a tool for seeking out suitable
candidates for an agent network. The task of such a network would have been to recognise
political feelings among the officers and to detect attempts to escape.
However, the results
only
Kozielsk camp, none of the higher rank included.
The "re-education" of the Poles was not a success either. Reports of the Soviet
authorities emphasised patriotism of the officers and their faith in Poland's rebirth. One
evidence of such attitudes were petitions which concerned breaking the international law
sent by the POWs to the Soviet authorities.
Efforts to win over the Poles by means of ideological and propaganda campaign run by
Soviet political officers, including the commissars and special officers dispatched from NKVD
headquarters in Moscow, also failed. Polish officers stuck faithfully to their convictions.
On March
of the Kozielsk, Starobielsk and Ostashkov camps, as well as the POWs imprisoned in
western parts of the Byelorussian and Ukrainian districts. Three NKVD officers of high rank
(Mierkulov, Kobulov and Bastakov) were responsible for passing sentences on the officers.
Moscow's motives are not clear. The author develops a hypothesis that the Soviets
wanted to take revenge on Polish soldiers for the defeat in the
documents which are rarely accessible to a wider public, as well as on the analysis, he
reconstructs the route of the Polish POWs to their place of executions, and also the course of
the executions. It is to note that the Russian side did not render any documents concerning
the organisation of the executions.
According to the NKVD reports covering the third decade of May
were executed. Documents covering the
were murdered. On
informed Nikita Krustschev on
executed. Out of that number
the Byelorussian and Ukrainian districts.
Hardly any wars in the history of mankind ended without crimes. On
Soviet Politbiuro decided that the Polish Armed Forces and Polish police officers im¬
prisoned in the camps shall be executed. It was a crime unparalleled in the history of
contemporary Europe. From legal points of view, it can be considered as a classified crime.
The massacre involved a coldly calculated killing of foreign prisoners in a brutal show of
crude force and with disregard for international treaties.
334 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Jaczyński, Stanisław 1951- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1164400150 |
| author_facet | Jaczyński, Stanisław 1951- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Jaczyński, Stanisław 1951- |
| author_variant | s j sj |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV022260080 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)237105408 (DE-599)BVBBV022260080 |
| edition | Wyd. 2. popr. i uzup. |
| era | Geschichte 1939-1940 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1939-1940 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Polen Sowjetunion Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Polen Sowjetunion |
| id | DE-604.BV022260080 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T16:42:33Z |
| indexdate | 2025-03-15T07:00:18Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 8311091943 |
| language | Polish |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-015470737 |
| oclc_num | 237105408 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 339 S. Ill., Kt. |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| publishDateSearch | 2006 |
| publishDateSort | 2006 |
| publisher | Dom Wydawn. Bellona |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Jaczyński, Stanisław 1951- Verfasser (DE-588)1164400150 aut Zagłada oficerów Wojska Polskiego na Wschodzie wrzesień 1939 - maj 1940 Stanisław Jaczyński Wyd. 2. popr. i uzup. Warszawa Dom Wydawn. Bellona 2006 Warszawa 339 S. Ill., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zsfassung in engl. und russ. Sprache Poland Wojsko Polskie History Soviet Union Narodnyĭ komissariat vnutrennikh del Geschichte 1939-1940 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte Weltkrieg (1939-1945) Katyn Massacre, Katynʹ, Russia, 1940 Prisoners of war Poland History World War, 1939-1945 Prisoners and prisons, Soviet World War, 1939-1945 Poland Offizier (DE-588)4043375-4 gnd rswk-swf Polen Volk (DE-588)4046497-0 gnd rswk-swf Mord (DE-588)4040235-6 gnd rswk-swf Polen Sowjetunion Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 gnd rswk-swf Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 g Polen Volk (DE-588)4046497-0 s Offizier (DE-588)4043375-4 s Mord (DE-588)4040235-6 s Geschichte 1939-1940 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015470737&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015470737&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Jaczyński, Stanisław 1951- Zagłada oficerów Wojska Polskiego na Wschodzie wrzesień 1939 - maj 1940 Poland Wojsko Polskie History Soviet Union Narodnyĭ komissariat vnutrennikh del Geschichte Weltkrieg (1939-1945) Katyn Massacre, Katynʹ, Russia, 1940 Prisoners of war Poland History World War, 1939-1945 Prisoners and prisons, Soviet World War, 1939-1945 Poland Offizier (DE-588)4043375-4 gnd Polen Volk (DE-588)4046497-0 gnd Mord (DE-588)4040235-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4043375-4 (DE-588)4046497-0 (DE-588)4040235-6 (DE-588)4077548-3 |
| title | Zagłada oficerów Wojska Polskiego na Wschodzie wrzesień 1939 - maj 1940 |
| title_auth | Zagłada oficerów Wojska Polskiego na Wschodzie wrzesień 1939 - maj 1940 |
| title_exact_search | Zagłada oficerów Wojska Polskiego na Wschodzie wrzesień 1939 - maj 1940 |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Zagłada oficerów Wojska Polskiego na Wschodzie wrzesień 1939 - maj 1940 |
| title_full | Zagłada oficerów Wojska Polskiego na Wschodzie wrzesień 1939 - maj 1940 Stanisław Jaczyński |
| title_fullStr | Zagłada oficerów Wojska Polskiego na Wschodzie wrzesień 1939 - maj 1940 Stanisław Jaczyński |
| title_full_unstemmed | Zagłada oficerów Wojska Polskiego na Wschodzie wrzesień 1939 - maj 1940 Stanisław Jaczyński |
| title_short | Zagłada oficerów Wojska Polskiego na Wschodzie |
| title_sort | zaglada oficerow wojska polskiego na wschodzie wrzesien 1939 maj 1940 |
| title_sub | wrzesień 1939 - maj 1940 |
| topic | Poland Wojsko Polskie History Soviet Union Narodnyĭ komissariat vnutrennikh del Geschichte Weltkrieg (1939-1945) Katyn Massacre, Katynʹ, Russia, 1940 Prisoners of war Poland History World War, 1939-1945 Prisoners and prisons, Soviet World War, 1939-1945 Poland Offizier (DE-588)4043375-4 gnd Polen Volk (DE-588)4046497-0 gnd Mord (DE-588)4040235-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Poland Wojsko Polskie History Soviet Union Narodnyĭ komissariat vnutrennikh del Geschichte Weltkrieg (1939-1945) Katyn Massacre, Katynʹ, Russia, 1940 Prisoners of war Poland History World War, 1939-1945 Prisoners and prisons, Soviet World War, 1939-1945 Poland Offizier Polen Volk Mord Polen Sowjetunion |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015470737&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015470737&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jaczynskistanisław zagładaoficerowwojskapolskiegonawschodziewrzesien1939maj1940 |