Common medical problems and anesthesia:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Philadelphia [u.a.]
Saunders
2006
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Anesthesiology clinics
24,3 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIV S., S. 427 - 676 Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 1416037888 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Common medical problems and anesthesia |c guest ed. Stanley H. Rosenbaum |
| 264 | 1 | |a Philadelphia [u.a.] |b Saunders |c 2006 | |
| 300 | |a XIV S., S. 427 - 676 |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 490 | 1 | |a Anesthesiology clinics |v 24,3 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Anesthesia | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Anesthesia |x methods | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Disease | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | COMMON MEDICAL PROBLEMS AND ANESTHESIA
CONTENTS
Foreword
Lee A. Fleisher
Preface
Stanley H.
Modeling
Louder Than Words?
Natalie F. Holt and David G. Silverman
One of the most important purposes of the preanesthesia evalua¬
tion is to identify patient risk factors and thereby facilitate the de¬
velopment of an effective plan for
an appreciation of the patient s medical conditions, the anticipated
surgical procedure, and the expected anesthetic complexity. The ab¬
sence of effective communication among multiple care providers
makes effective planning particularly challenging. To address this,
the authors have integrated the American Society of Anesthesiolo¬
gists (ASA) physical status (and a modification thereof) with as¬
sessments of surgical and anesthetic complexity, in order to
generate a means for delineating and communicating
risk; and they describe its potential use as a clinical, administrative,
and research tool.
Ischemie
Shamsuddin Akhtar
Ischemie
in the United States. A significant percentage of patients who pre¬
sent for intermediate- to high-risk noncardiac surgery have IHD.
The association between a history of IHD and postoperative car¬
diac morbidity and mortality was first reported in
estimates,
(Mis) occur annually worldwide, with subsequent mortality of
lO v to
VOLUME
MI is important for managing patients with IHD in the periopera-
tive period. This article outlines the pathophysiology of
tive
assessment of patients with IHD, followed by the rationale and
methodology for preoperative cardiac risk stratification.
operative
are discussed as well.
Valvular Heart Diseases
Viji
Patients who have valvular heart disease coming for surgery
present many challenges to the anesthesiologist. Over the past
decades there has been a persistent improvement in our under¬
standing of the pathophysiology of valvular heart disease and in
the surgical techniques for correcting it. With the development of ef¬
ficient and safe noninvasive monitoring of cardiac function, new
surgical techniques, better designs of prosthetic valves, and the de¬
velopment of useful guidelines for choosing the proper timing of
surgical intervention, patients who have valvular disease with vary¬
ing physiology can be encountered in the
perioperative
hemodynamic variables on this
Atrial Fibrillation
Susan Garwood
Over
fibrillation, and this number is expected to rise to
the next
atrial fibrillation, it is still associated with significant morbidity and
mortality. Treatment currently consists of rhythm management and
prevention of
tegies of rhythm management exist (heart rate control and heart
rhythm control), a distinct advantage of one over the other has
not yet been determined.
Renal Disease: The Anesthesiologist s Perspective
Gebhard Wagener
The kidney is a remarkable organ whose functions include main-
taming fluid and electrolyte balance, excreting metabolic waste
products, and controlling vascular tone. Blood flow within the kid¬
ney is very heterogeneous, which places the metabolically active
medulla at high risk for
mediators control the regulation of blood flow within the kidney.
Surgery and anesthesia can have numerous effects on renal func¬
tion. Acute postoperative renal failure is associated with a high
morbidity and mortality. Factors including advanced age, diabetes,
underlying renal insufficiency, and heart failure place a patient at
high risk for developing acute renal failure. It is imperative to
CONTENTS
maintain euvolemia, normotension, and cardiac output, and to
avoid nephrotoxic agents to minimize the chance for renal ischemia
in the
Coagulation Defects
Doreen E.
The present understanding of the coagulation process emphasizes
the final common pathway and the proteolytic systems that result
in the degradation of formed clots and the prevention of unwanted
clot formations, as well as a variety of defense systems that include
tissue repair, autoimmune processes, arteriosclerosis, tumor
growth, the spread of
cro-organisms. This article discusses diagnosis and management of
some of the most common bleeding disorders. The goals are to pro¬
vide a simple guide on how best to manage patients afflicted with
congenital or acquired clotting abnormalities during the periopera-
tive period, present a brief overview of the methods of testing and
monitoring the coagulation defects, and discuss the appropriate
pharmacologie
Diabetes Mellitus and Anesthesia
Aviv Tuttnauer and Phillip D. Levin
Diabetes mellitus is an extremely common condition with rising in¬
cidence. Diabetic patients have more
than nondiabetic patients. These may be related to secondary organ
damage or
bohydrate metabolism. New drugs are available for diabetes treat¬
ment. These are associated with specific, significant side effects,
and varying lengths of action, which the anesthetist should be fa¬
miliar with. Data are few regarding recommendations for fasting
in the presence of these newer drugs. In the postoperative period
and during cardiac surgery, hyperglycemia has been shown to be
detrimental and should probably be sought and managed aggres¬
sively. The incidence of
diac surgery patients is not as well defined, nor are the effects of
aggressive management.
Diseases of Aging that Emerge from the Metabolic
Syndrome
Deborah M. Whelan and Raymond
With advancing age,
and pathologic apoptosis progress at widely different rates in each
organ system in each person. The effect of any disease on an indi¬
vidual depends on the genetic makeup, social and environmental
insults, and adequacy of and compliance with medical therapy.
Time spent interviewing, examining, and preparing elderly pa¬
tients preoperatively pays dividends
with fewer rescue-requiring events, fewer failures to rescue,
lower observed-to-expected morbidity and mortality ratios, better
CONTENTS
patient
derly patients will require anesthetic services in greater numbers
in the years to come. The baby boomers are coming. Are you ready
for them?
Perioperative
Obesity
Thomas J. Ebert, Hariharan Shankar, and
Rachel M. Haake
The anesthetic management of the morbidly obese (MO) patient
requires careful
existing disease processes with the anesthetic management plan.
New approaches to preoxygenation to lessen the likelihood of de-
saturation during
countered in
essential to successful intubation, and promising results have been
demonstrated with the use of the intubating laryngeal mask air¬
way.
processed electroencephalogram monitor to help improve emer¬
gence and to enhance wakefulness in the postanesthesia care unit.
Careful consideration must be given to postoperative analgesic
needs by minimizing the use of opioids and by employing nono-
pioid analgesics.
Pregnancy in Patients of Advanced Maternal Age
Ferne R.
Pregnancy is not a medical problem but rather a normal physio¬
logic state. The pregnant woman becomes a patient who has med¬
ical problems only when her preexisting status, be it advanced age,
preexisting medical conditions, or other problems, prevents her
from tolerating the normal physiologic changes associated with
pregnancy. This article summarizes the normal physiology of preg¬
nancy, reviews the present thinking with respect to advanced ma¬
ternal age, and reviews the management of medical problems
associated with pregnancy in older women.
Toxins
John E. Sather and Hossam Tantawy
Exposures to toxins are prevalent, frequently complicate surgical
emergencies, and impact critical care. A high degree of vigilance
and a fundamental understanding of management strategies are
essential for the anesthesiologist frequently responsible for the
acute care of patients who have
pervasiveness and ability to confound the clinical presentations in
the operative or intensive care setting, substances of abuse and
asphyxiants warrant particular attention and are reviewed in this
article.
Index
CONTENTS
|
| adam_txt |
COMMON MEDICAL PROBLEMS AND ANESTHESIA
CONTENTS
Foreword
Lee A. Fleisher
Preface
Stanley H.
Modeling
Louder Than Words?
Natalie F. Holt and David G. Silverman
One of the most important purposes of the preanesthesia evalua¬
tion is to identify patient risk factors and thereby facilitate the de¬
velopment of an effective plan for
an appreciation of the patient's medical conditions, the anticipated
surgical procedure, and the expected anesthetic complexity. The ab¬
sence of effective communication among multiple care providers
makes effective planning particularly challenging. To address this,
the authors have integrated the American Society of Anesthesiolo¬
gists (ASA) physical status (and a modification thereof) with as¬
sessments of surgical and anesthetic complexity, in order to
generate a means for delineating and communicating
risk; and they describe its potential use as a clinical, administrative,
and research tool.
Ischemie
Shamsuddin Akhtar
Ischemie
in the United States. A significant percentage of patients who pre¬
sent for intermediate- to high-risk noncardiac surgery have IHD.
The association between a history of IHD and postoperative car¬
diac morbidity and mortality was first reported in
estimates,
(Mis) occur annually worldwide, with subsequent mortality of
lO'v to
VOLUME
MI is important for managing patients with IHD in the periopera-
tive period. This article outlines the pathophysiology of
tive
assessment of patients with IHD, followed by the rationale and
methodology for preoperative cardiac risk stratification.
operative
are discussed as well.
Valvular Heart Diseases
Viji
Patients who have valvular heart disease coming for surgery
present many challenges to the anesthesiologist. Over the past
decades there has been a persistent improvement in our under¬
standing of the pathophysiology of valvular heart disease and in
the surgical techniques for correcting it. With the development of ef¬
ficient and safe noninvasive monitoring of cardiac function, new
surgical techniques, better designs of prosthetic valves, and the de¬
velopment of useful guidelines for choosing the proper timing of
surgical intervention, patients who have valvular disease with vary¬
ing physiology can be encountered in the
perioperative
hemodynamic variables on this
Atrial Fibrillation
Susan Garwood
Over
fibrillation, and this number is expected to rise to
the next
atrial fibrillation, it is still associated with significant morbidity and
mortality. Treatment currently consists of rhythm management and
prevention of
tegies of rhythm management exist (heart rate control and heart
rhythm control), a distinct advantage of one over the other has
not yet been determined.
Renal Disease: The Anesthesiologist's Perspective
Gebhard Wagener
The kidney is a remarkable organ whose functions include main-
taming fluid and electrolyte balance, excreting metabolic waste
products, and controlling vascular tone. Blood flow within the kid¬
ney is very heterogeneous, which places the metabolically active
medulla at high risk for
mediators control the regulation of blood flow within the kidney.
Surgery and anesthesia can have numerous effects on renal func¬
tion. Acute postoperative renal failure is associated with a high
morbidity and mortality. Factors including advanced age, diabetes,
underlying renal insufficiency, and heart failure place a patient at
high risk for developing acute renal failure. It is imperative to
CONTENTS
maintain euvolemia, normotension, and cardiac output, and to
avoid nephrotoxic agents to minimize the chance for renal ischemia
in the
Coagulation Defects
Doreen E.
The present understanding of the coagulation process emphasizes
the final common pathway and the proteolytic systems that result
in the degradation of formed clots and the prevention of unwanted
clot formations, as well as a variety of defense systems that include
tissue repair, autoimmune processes, arteriosclerosis, tumor
growth, the spread of
cro-organisms. This article discusses diagnosis and management of
some of the most common bleeding disorders. The goals are to pro¬
vide a simple guide on how best to manage patients afflicted with
congenital or acquired clotting abnormalities during the periopera-
tive period, present a brief overview of the methods of testing and
monitoring the coagulation defects, and discuss the appropriate
pharmacologie
Diabetes Mellitus and Anesthesia
Aviv Tuttnauer and Phillip D. Levin
Diabetes mellitus is an extremely common condition with rising in¬
cidence. Diabetic patients have more
than nondiabetic patients. These may be related to secondary organ
damage or
bohydrate metabolism. New drugs are available for diabetes treat¬
ment. These are associated with specific, significant side effects,
and varying lengths of action, which the anesthetist should be fa¬
miliar with. Data are few regarding recommendations for fasting
in the presence of these newer drugs. In the postoperative period
and during cardiac surgery, hyperglycemia has been shown to be
detrimental and should probably be sought and managed aggres¬
sively. The incidence of
diac surgery patients is not as well defined, nor are the effects of
aggressive management.
Diseases of Aging that Emerge from the Metabolic
Syndrome
Deborah M. Whelan and Raymond
With advancing age,
and pathologic apoptosis progress at widely different rates in each
organ system in each person. The effect of any disease on an indi¬
vidual depends on the genetic makeup, social and environmental
insults, and adequacy of and compliance with medical therapy.
Time spent interviewing, examining, and preparing elderly pa¬
tients preoperatively pays dividends
with fewer "rescue-requiring events," fewer "failures to rescue,"
lower observed-to-expected morbidity and mortality ratios, better
CONTENTS
patient
derly patients will require anesthetic services in greater numbers
in the years to come. The baby boomers are coming. Are you ready
for them?
Perioperative
Obesity
Thomas J. Ebert, Hariharan Shankar, and
Rachel M. Haake
The anesthetic management of the morbidly obese (MO) patient
requires careful
existing disease processes with the anesthetic management plan.
New approaches to preoxygenation to lessen the likelihood of de-
saturation during
countered in
essential to successful intubation, and promising results have been
demonstrated with the use of the intubating laryngeal mask air¬
way.
processed electroencephalogram monitor to help improve emer¬
gence and to enhance wakefulness in the postanesthesia care unit.
Careful consideration must be given to postoperative analgesic
needs by minimizing the use of opioids and by employing nono-
pioid analgesics.
Pregnancy in Patients of Advanced Maternal Age
Ferne R.
Pregnancy is not a "medical problem" but rather a normal physio¬
logic state. The pregnant woman becomes a patient who has med¬
ical problems only when her preexisting status, be it advanced age,
preexisting medical conditions, or other problems, prevents her
from tolerating the normal physiologic changes associated with
pregnancy. This article summarizes the normal physiology of preg¬
nancy, reviews the present thinking with respect to advanced ma¬
ternal age, and reviews the management of medical problems
associated with pregnancy in older women.
Toxins
John E. Sather and Hossam Tantawy
Exposures to toxins are prevalent, frequently complicate surgical
emergencies, and impact critical care. A high degree of vigilance
and a fundamental understanding of management strategies are
essential for the anesthesiologist frequently responsible for the
acute care of patients who have
pervasiveness and ability to confound the clinical presentations in
the operative or intensive care setting, substances of abuse and
asphyxiants warrant particular attention and are reviewed in this
article.
Index
CONTENTS |
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| isbn | 1416037888 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | Common medical problems and anesthesia guest ed. Stanley H. Rosenbaum Philadelphia [u.a.] Saunders 2006 XIV S., S. 427 - 676 Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Anesthesiology clinics 24,3 Anesthesia Anesthesia methods Disease Diseases Rosenbaum, Stanley H. Sonstige (DE-588)142079928 oth Anesthesiology clinics 24,3 (DE-604)BV021538977 24,3 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015019312&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Common medical problems and anesthesia Anesthesiology clinics Anesthesia Anesthesia methods Disease Diseases |
| title | Common medical problems and anesthesia |
| title_auth | Common medical problems and anesthesia |
| title_exact_search | Common medical problems and anesthesia |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Common medical problems and anesthesia |
| title_full | Common medical problems and anesthesia guest ed. Stanley H. Rosenbaum |
| title_fullStr | Common medical problems and anesthesia guest ed. Stanley H. Rosenbaum |
| title_full_unstemmed | Common medical problems and anesthesia guest ed. Stanley H. Rosenbaum |
| title_short | Common medical problems and anesthesia |
| title_sort | common medical problems and anesthesia |
| topic | Anesthesia Anesthesia methods Disease Diseases |
| topic_facet | Anesthesia Anesthesia methods Disease Diseases |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015019312&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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