Verfügbarkeit: The Western heritage

The Western heritage:

Gespeichert in:

Bibliographische Detailangaben
Hauptverfasser:	Kagan, Donald 1932-2021 (VerfasserIn), Ozment, Steven E. 1939-2019 (VerfasserIn), Turner, Frank M. (VerfasserIn)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Prentice Hall 2007
Ausgabe:	9. ed., combined vol.
Schlagworte:	Geschichte Civilization, Western > History > Textbooks Kultur Westliche Welt
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Beschreibung:	CD-ROM-Beil. u.d.T.: Western civilization
Beschreibung:	XXXI, 1056 S., [24] Bl. Ill., Kt. CD-ROM (12 cm)
ISBN:	0131950681 9780131950689

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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text	■RIEF P __________ 1 2 3 4 5 P 6 and Culture 7 8 Pa 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Part 17 18 19 20 21 P 22 23 24 25 26 27 P 28 29 30 Ш CONTENT Preface PART The Foundations of Western Civilization in the Ancient World 1 Early Humans and Their Culture The Paleolithic Age The Neolithic Age The Bronze Age and the Birth of Civilization Early Civilizations to about Mesopotamian Civilization a A Closer Look The Royal Standard of Ur n Divination in Ancient Mesopotamia Egyptian Civilization Ancient Near Eastern Empires The The Assyrians The Second Assyrian Empire The Neo-Babylonians The Persian Empire Cyrus the Great Darius the Great Government and Administration Religion Art and Culture Palestine The Canaanites and the Phoenicians The Israelites The Jewish Religion General Outlook of Mideastern Cultures Humans and Nature Humans and the Gods, Law, and Justice Toward the Greeks and Western Thought In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 2 of Greek Civilization 38 The Bronze Age on Crete and on the Mainland to about 40 The Minoans 40 The Mycenaeans 41 The Greek Middle Ages to about 44 Greek Migrations 44 The Age of Homer 44 The 47 Development of the 47 The 47 The Importance of the 49 Expansion of the Greek World 49 Magna Graecia 49 The Greek Colony 50 The Tyrants (about 51 The Major States 52 Sparta 52 Athens 54 Life in Archaic Greece 57 Society 57 Religion 59 ■ Greek Athletics ■ The Trireme Poetry The Persian Wars The Ionian Rebellion The War in Greece In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 60 61 62 63 63 63 66 66 67 67 IV 3 and Hellenistic Greece Aftermath of Victory The Delian League The Rise of Cimon The First Peloponnesian War: Athens against Sparta The Breach with Sparta The Division of Greece Classical Greece The Athenian Empire Athenian Democracy n Going to Court in Athens The Women of Athens: Legal Status and Everyday Life Slavery Religion in Public Life The Great Peloponnesian War Causes Strategic Stalemate The Fall of Athens Competition for Leadership in the Fourth Century b.c.e. The Hegemony of Sparta The Hegemony of Thebes: The Second Athenian Empire The Culture of Classical Greece The Fifth Century The Fourth Century Philosophy and the Crisis of the ■ The Erechtheum: Porch of the Maidens The Hellenistic World The Macedonian Conquest Alexander the Great The Successors Hellenistic Culture Philosophy Literature Architecture and Sculpture Mathematics and Science In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM Rome: From Republic to Empire 108 Prehistoric Italy The Etruscans 110 110 Government Religion Women 111 Dominion 111 Royal Rome 111 Government 111 The Family Women in Early Rome Clientage Patricians and Plebeians The Republic Constitution n Lictors The Conquest of Italy Rome and Carthage The Republic s Conquest of the Hellenistic World Civilization in the Early Roman Republic Religion n Two Roman Festivals: The Saturnalia and Lupercalia Education Slavery Roman Imperialism: The Late Republic The Aftermath of Conquest The Gracchi Marius and Sulla The Fall of the Republic Pompey, Crassus, Caesar, and Cicero The First Triumvirate fulius Caesar and his Government of Rome The Second Triumvirate and the Triumph of In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 5 The Augustan Administration The Army and Defense Religion and Morality Civilization of the Ciceronian and Augustan Ages The Late Republic The Age of Augustus 144 146 146 147 148 149 149 150 vi n Imperial Rome, The Emperors a A Closer Look Spoils from Jerusalem on the Arch of Titus in Rome The Administration of the Empire Women of the Upper Classes Life in Imperial Rome: The Apartment House The Culture of the Early Empire The Rise of Christianity Jesus of Nazareth e Chariot Racing Paul of Tarsus Organization The Persecution of Christians The Emergence of Catholicism Rome as a Center of the Early Church The Crisis of the Third Century Barbarian Invasions Economic Difficulties The Social Order Civil Disorder The Late Empire The Fourth Century and Imperial Reorganization The Triumph of Christianity Arts and Letters in the Late Empire The Preservation of Classical Culture Christian Writers The Problem of the Decline and Fall of the Empire in the West In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM ■ Ancient Warfare PART The Middle Ages Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages: Creating a New European Society and Culture On the Eve of the Frankish Ascendancy Germanic Migrations New Western Masters The Byzantine Empire The Reign of Justinian The Spread of Byzantine Christianity Persians and Muslims Islam and the Islamic World Muhammad s Religion Islamic Diversity Islamic Empires The Western Debt to Islam Western Society and the Developing Christian Church Monastic Culture The Doctrine of Papal Primacy The Religious Division of Christendom The Kingdom of the Franks From Clovis to Charlemagne Governing the Franks The Reign of Charlemagne Breakup of the Carolingian Kingdom ■ A Multicultural Book Cover Feudal Society Origins ■ Medieval Cooking Vassalage and the Fief Daily Life and Religion Fragmentation and Divided Loyalty In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 7 The Rise of European Empires and States Otto I and the Revival of the Empire Unifying Germany Embracing the Church The Reviving Catholic Church Contents a vu The Cluny The Investiture Gregory The Crusades q European Embrace of a Black Saint The Pontificate of Innocent III (r. England and France: Hastings to Bouvines William the Conqueror Henry II Eleanor of Popular Rebellion and Philip II Augustus в Pilgrimages France in the Thirteenth Century: The Reign of Louis IX Generosity Abroad Order and Excellence at Home The Hohenstaufen Empire Frederick I Henry VI and the Sicilian Connection Otto IV and the Frederick II Romanesque and Gothic Architecture In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 8 Towns, Universities, and Families The Traditional Order of Life Nobles 258 258 The Joys and Pains of the Medieval Joust Warrior Games Clergy 262 Peasants 264 Towns and Townspeople 267 The Chartering of Towns 268 The Rise of Merchants 268 Challenging the Old Lords 268 New Models of Government 269 Towns and Kings 271 Jews in Christian Society 271 Schools and Universities 272 University of Bologna 273 Cathedral Schools 274 University of Paris 274 The Curriculum 276 Philosophy and Theology 276 Women in Medieval Society 279 Image and Status 280 Life Choices 280 Working Women 280 The Lives of Children 280 Children as Little Adults 281 Childhood as a Special Stage 282 In Perspective 282 Review Questions 283 Suggested Readings 283 Documents CD-ROM 283 ■ The Invention of Printing in China and Europe 284 PART ¿ass Europe in Transition 288 9 Social and Political Breakdown The Black Death Preconditions and Causes of the Plague Popular Remedies Social and Economic Consequences ■ Dealing with Death New Conflicts and Opportunities The Hundred Years War and the Rise of National Sentiment The Causes of the War Progress of the War viii D Ecclesiastical Breakdown and Revival: The Late Medieval Church The Thirteenth-Century Papacy Boniface The Avignon Papacy John Wy cliff The Great Schism and the Medieval Russia Politics and Society Mongol Rule ■ The Delights and Dangers of the Medieval Bath In Perspective 314 Review Questions 314 Suggested Readings 314 Documents CD-ROM 315 10 and Discovery 316 The Renaissance in Italy 318 The Italian 329 Humanism 321 и The Renaissance Garden 322 Renaissance Art і Leonardo Plots the Perfect Man 327 328 330 Slavery in the Renaissance Italy s Political Decline: The French Invasions Charles VIII s March Through Italy Pope Alexander VI and the Borgia Family Pope Julius II Niccolo Machiavelli Revival of Monarchy in Northern Europe 335 France 336 Spain 336 England 337 The Holy Roman Empire 337 The Northern Renaissance 338 The Printing Press 339 Erasmus 340 Humanism and Reform 341 Voyages of Discovery and the New Empires in the West and East 342 The Portuguese Chart the Course 342 The Spanish Voyages of Columbus 342 The Spanish Empire in the New World 345 The Church in Spanish America The Economy of The Impact on Europe In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 11 Society and Religion Social and Political Conflict Popular Religious Movements and Criticism of the Church Martin Luther and the German Reformation to Justification by Faith Alone » A Saint at Peace in the Grasp of Temptation The Attack on Indulgences Election of Charles V Luther s Excommunication and the Diet of Worms Imperial Distractions: War with France and the Turks How the Reformation Spread The Peasants Revolt The Reformation Elsewhere Zwingli and the Swiss Reformation Anabaptists and Radical Protestants John Calvin and the Genevan Reformation Political Consolidation of the Lutheran Reformation The Diet of Augsburg The Expansion of the Reformation Reaction Against Protestants The Peace of Augsburg The English Reformation to The Preconditions of Reform The King s Affair The Reformation Parliament Wives of Henry The King s Religious Conservatism The Protestant Reformation under Edward VI Catholic Reform and Counter-Reformation Sources of Catholic Reform Ignatius of Loyola and the Jesuits The Council of Trent The Social Significance of the Reformation in Western Europe Contents d The Revolution in Religious Practices and Institutions The Reformation and Education The Reformation and the Changing Role of Women Family Life in Early Modern Europe a Encountering the Past A Child Is Born: Welcoming the Newborn in Late Medieval Europe Later Marriages 383 Arranged Marriages 383 Family Size 383 Birth Control 383 Wet Nursing 383 Loving Families! 384 Literary Imagination in Transition 384 Miguel Rejection of Idealism 384 William Shakespeare: Dramatist of the Age 385 In Perspective 386 Review Questions 386 Suggested Readings 386 Documents CD-ROM 387 12 of Religious Wars 388 Renewed Religious Struggle ■ Baroque and Plain Church: Architectural Reflections of Belief The French Wars of Religion Appeal of Calvinism Catherine The Rise to Power of Henry of Navarre The Edict of Nantes Imperial Spain and Philip Pillars of Spanish Power The Revolt in the Netherlands England and Spain Mary I (r. Elizabeth I (r. ■ Going to the Theater The Thirty Years War Preconditions for War Four Periods of War The Treaty of Westphalia In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 415 415 415 415 13 Consolidation in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries The Netherlands: Golden Age to Decline Urban Prosperity Economic Decline Two Models of European Political Development Constitutional Crisis and Settlement in Stuart England James I ■ Early Controversy over Tobacco and Smoking Charles I The Long Parliament and Civil War Oliver Cromwell and the Puritan Republic Charles II and the Restoration of the Monarchy The Glorious Revolution The Age of Walpole Rise of Absolute Monarchy in France: The World of Louis Years of Personal Rule Versailles King by Divine Right Louis s Early Wars ■ Versailles Louis s Repressive Religious Policies Louis s Later Wars France After Louis Central and Eastern Europe Poland: Absence of Strong Central Authority The and the Pragmatic Sanction Prussia and the Hohenzollerns Russia Enters the European Political Arena The Romanov Dynasty Peter the Great The Ottoman Empire x n Religious Toleration and Ottoman Government The End of Ottoman Expansion In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 14 in Thought and Culture in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries The Scientific Revolution Nicolaus an Earth-Centered Universe Tycho Make New Scientific Observations Galileo Galilei Argues for a Universe of Mathematical Laws Isaac Newton Discovers the Laws of Gravitation Philosophy Responds to Changing Science Nature as Mechanism Francis Bacon: The Empirical Method René of Rational Deduction Thomas Hobbes: Apologist for Absolute Government John Locke: Defender of Moderate Liberty and Toleration The New Institutions of Expanding Natural Knowledge Women in the World of the Scientific Revolution The New Science and Religious Faith The Case of Galileo и The Sciences and the Arts Blaise Pascal: Reason and Faith 472 The English Approach to Science and Religion 473 Continuing Superstition 473 Witch-Hunts and Panic 474 Village Origins 474 Influence of the Clergy 474 Who Were the Witches} 474 End of the Witch-Hunts 475 Baroque Art 475 ■ Midwives 477 In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 478 478 478 478 15 the Old Regime in the Eighteenth Century Major Features of Life in the Old Regime Maintenance of Tradition Hierarchy and Privilege The Aristocracy и An Aristocratic Couple Varieties of Aristocratic Privilege Aristocratic Resurgence The Land and Its Tillers Peasants and Serfs Aristocratic Domination of the Countryside: The English Game Laws Family Structures and the Family Economy Households The Family Economy Women and the Family Economy Children and the World of the Family Economy The Revolution in Agriculture New Crops and New Methods Expansion of the Population The Industrial Revolution of the Eighteenth Century A Revolution in Consumption Industrial Leadership of Great Britain New Methods of Textile Production The Steam Engine Iron Production The Impact of the Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions on Working Women The Growth of Cities Patterns of Preindustrial Urbanization Urban Classes 502 504 504 505 ■ Water, Washing, and Bathing The Urban Riot The Jewish Population: The Age of the Ghetto In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 16 Trade Wars, and Colonial Rebellion Periods of European Overseas Empires Mercantile Empires Mercantilist Goals French-British Rivalry The Spanish Colonial System Colonial Government Trade Regulation Colonial Reform Under the Spanish Bourbon Monarchs Black African Slavery, the Plantation System, and the Atlantic Economy The African Presence in the Americas ■ Sugar Enters the Western Diet Slavery and the Transatlantic Economy The Experience of Slavery ■ The Slave Ship Brookes Contents a Mid-Eighteenth-Century Wars 532 The War of fenkins s Ear 532 The War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748) 532 The Diplomatic Revolution of 533 The Seven Years War 534 The American Revolution and Europe 535 Resistance to the Imperial Search for Revenue 536 The Crisis and Independence 537 American Political Ideas 537 Events in Great Britain 538 Broader Impact of the American Revolution 541 In Perspective 541 Review Questions 542 Suggested Readings 542 Documents CD-ROM 543 ■ The Columbian Exchange: Disease, Animals, and Agriculture 544 PART Enlightenment and Revolution 17 Eighteenth-Century Thought Formative Influences on the Enlightenment Ideas of Newton and Locke The Example of British Toleration and Political Stability The Emergence of a Print Culture The ■ Coffeehouses and Enlightenment Voltaire The Enlightenment and Religion 558 Deism 559 Toleration 559 Radical Enlightenment Criticism of Christianity 560 Jewish Thinkers in the Age of Enlightenment 560 Islam in. Enlightenment Thought 562 The Enlightenment and Society 564 The Encyclopedia: Freedom and Economic Improvement Beccarla The Physiocrats and Economic Freedom Adam Smith on Economic Growth and Social Progress Political Thought of the Montesquieu and Spirit of the Laws Rousseau: A Radical Critique of Modern Society Enlightened Critics of European Empires Women in the Thought and Practice of the Enlightenment Rococo and Neoclassical Styles in Eighteenth-Century Art ■ An Eighteenth-Century Artist Appeals to the Ancient World Enlightened Absolutism Frederick the Great of Prussia Joseph II of Austria Catherine the Great of Russia xu a Contents The Partition of Poland The End of the Eighteenth Century in Central and Eastern Europe In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 18 The Crisis of the French Monarchy The Monarchy Seeks New Taxes Necker s Report Calonne s Reform Plan and the Assembly of Notables Deadlock and the Calling of the Estates General The Revolution of The Estates General Becomes the National Assembly ° A Closer Look Challenging the French Political Order Fall of the Bastille The Great Fear and the Night of August The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen The Parisian Women s March on Versailles 603 The Reconstruction of France 603 Political Reorganization 603 Economic Policy 604 n The Metric System 605 The Civil Constitution of the Clergy 607 Counterrevolutionary Activity 608 The End of the Monarchy: A Second Revolution 609 Emergence of the Jacobins 609 The Convention and the Role of the Sans-culottes 610 Europe at War with the Revolution 612 Edmund Burke Attacks the Revolution 613 Suppression of Reform in Britain 613 The Second and Third Partitions of Poland, 613 The Reign of Terror 615 War with Europe 615 The Republic Defended 615 The Republic of Virtue and Robespierre s Justification of Terror 616 Repression of the Society of Revolutionary Republican Women De-Christianization Revolutionary Tribunals The End of the Terror The Thermidorian Reaction Establishment of the Directory Removal of the Sans-culottes from Political Life In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 19 and the Triumph of Romanticism The Rise of Napoleon Bonaparte Early Military Victories The Constitution of the Year The Consulate in France Suppressing Foreign Enemies and Domestic Opposition Concordat with the Roman Catholic Church The Napoleonic Code Establishing a Dynasty Napoleon s Empire Conquering an Empire ° A Closer Look The Coronation of Napoleon The Continental System European Response to the Empire и Sailors and Canned Food German Nationalism and Prussian Reform The Wars of Liberation The Invasion of Russia European Coalition The Congress of Vienna and the European Settlement Territorial Adjustments The Hundred Days and the Quadruple Alliance The Romantic Movement Romantic Questioning of the Supremacy of Reason Rousseau and Education Kant and Reason Contents Romantic Literature 645 The English Romantic Writers 645 The German Romantic Writers 647 Romantic Art 648 The Cult of the Middle Ages and Neo-Gothicism 648 Nature and the Sublime 649 Religion in the Romantic Period 649 Methodism 650 New Directions in Continental Religion 651 Romantic Views of Nationalism and History 651 Herder and Culture 652 Hegel and History 652 Islam, the Middle East, and Romanticism 652 In Perspective 654 Review Questions 655 Suggested Readings 655 Documents CD-ROM 655 20 and the Challenges of Reform The Challenges of Nationalism and Liberalism The Emergence of Nationalism Early-Nineteenth- Century Political Liberalism Conservative Governments: The Domestic Political Order Conservative Outlooks Liberalism and Nationalism Resisted in Austria and the Germanies ■ Gymnastics and German Nationalism Postwar Repression in Great Britain Bourbon Restoration in France The Conservative International Order The Congress System The Spanish Revolution of Revolt Against Ottoman Rule in the Balkans m A An English Poet Appears as an Albanian The Wars of Independence in Latin America Revolution in Haiti Wars of Independence on the South American Continent Independence in New Spain Brazilian Independence The Conservative Order Shaken in Europe Russia: The Decembrist Revolt of Revolution in France Belgium Becomes Independent The Great Reform Bill in Britain In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 21 and Social Unrest Toward an Industrial Society Population and Migration Railways The Labor Force The Emergence of a Wage-Labor Force и The Potato and the Great Hunger in Ireland Working-Class Political Action: The Example of British Chartism Family Structures and the Industrial Revolution The Family in the Early Factory System h A The Great Exhibition in London Women in the Early Industrial Revolution Opportunities and Exploitation in Employment Changing Expectations in the Working-Class Marriage Problems of Crime and Order New Police Forces Prison Reform Classical Economics Malthus Ricardo Government Policies Based on Classical Economics Early Socialism Utopian Socialism Anarchism Marxism 1848: France: The Second Republic and Louis Napoleon xiv The Resisted Italy: Republicanism Defeated Germany: Liberalism Frustrated In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM ■ The Abolition of Slavery in the Transatlantic Economy 720 721 722 Toward the Modern World 22 The Crimean War Peace Settlement and Results Reforms in the Ottoman Empire и The Crimean War Recalled Italian Unification Romantic Republicans Cavour s Policy The New Italian State German Unification Bismarck The Franco-Prussian War and the German Empire France: From Liberal Empire to the Third Republic The Paris Commune The Third Republic The Dreyfus Affair The Formation of the Dual Monarchy Unrest of Nationalities Russia: Emancipation and Revolutionary Stirrings Reforms of Alexander II Revolutionaries Great Britain: Toward Democracy The Second Reform Act ■ The Arrival of Penny Postage Gladstone s Great Ministry Disraeli in Office The Irish Question In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 758 759 759 23 of European Supremacy: Society and Politics to World War I Population Trends and Migration The Second Industrial Revolution New Industries Economic Difficulties The Middle Classes in Ascendancy Social Distinctions Within the Middle Classes ■ Bicycles: Transportation, Freedom, and Sport Late-Nineteenth-Century Urban Life The Redesign of Cities Urban Sanitation Housing Reform and Middle-Class Values Varieties of Late-Nineteenth-Century Women s Experiences Women s Social Disabilities New Employment Patterns for Women Working-Class Women Poverty and Prostitution Women of the Middle Class The Rise of Political Feminism Jewish Emancipation Differing Degrees of Citizenship Broadened Opportunities Labor, Socialism, and Politics to World War I Trade Democracy and Political Parties Karl Marx and the First International Great Britain: Fabianism and Early Welfare Programs France: Opportunism Rejected Germany: Social Democrats and Revisionism Russia: Industrial Development and the Birth of Bolshevism ■ Bloody Sunday, St. Petersburg In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 24 European Thought The New Reading Public Advances in Primary Education Reading Material for the Mass Audience Science at Midcentury Comte, of Science ■ The Birth of Science Fiction Darwin s Theory of Natural Selection Science and Ethics Christianity and the Church under Siege Intellectual Skepticism Conflict Between Church and State Areas of Religious Revival The Roman Catholic Church and the Modem World « Conflict Between Church and State in Germany Islam and Late-Nineteenth-Century European Thought Toward a Twentieth-Century Frame of Mind Science: The Revolution in Physics Literature: Realism and Naturalism Modernism in Literature The Coming of Modern Art Friedrich Against Reason Contents m The Birth of Psychoanalysis 823 Retreat from Rationalism in Politics 815 Racism 815 Anti-Semitism and the Birth of Zionism 818 Women and Modern Thought 820 Antifeminism in Late-Century Thought 820 New Directions in Feminism 821 In Perspective 824 Review Questions 824 Suggested Readings 824 Documents CD-ROM 825 25 and War 826 Expansion of European Power and the New Imperialism 828 The New Imperialism 828 Motives for the New Imperialism 829 The Scramble for Africa 830 » The French in Morocco 830 Asia 836 Emergence of the German Empire and the Alliance Systems 838 Bismarck s Leadership 838 Forging the Triple Entente (1890-1907) 841 World War I 843 The Road to War 843 Sarajevo and the Outbreak of War (June-August 845 Strategies and Stalemate: 848 The Russian Revolution 854 The Provisional Government 854 Lenin and the Bolsheviks 855 The Communist Dictatorship 856 The End of World War I 858 Germany s Last Offensive 859 The Armistice 860 The End of the Ottoman Empire 861 The Settlement at Paris 862 Obstacles the Peacemakers Faced 862 ■ War Propaganda and the Movies: Charlie Chaplin 863 The Peace 864 Evaluating the Peace 867 xvi In Perspective Review Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM ■ Imperialism: Ancient and Modern 868 868 869 869 870 26 of the 876 Political and Economic Factors after the Paris Settlement 878 Demands for Revision of the Paris Settlement 878 Postwar Economic Problems 878 New Roles for Government and Labor 879 The Soviet Experiment Begins 880 War Communism 880 The New Economic Policy 880 Stalin Versus Trotsky 882 The Third International 883 ■ Bolshevik Visions of World Revolution 883 Women and the Family in the Early Soviet Union 885 The Fascist Experiment in Italy 886 The Rise of Mussolini 887 The Fascists in Power 889 Motherhood for the Nation in Fascist Italy 890 Joyless Victors 891 France: The Search for Security 891 Great Britain: Economic Confusion 892 n The Coming of Radio: The BBC 894 Trials of the Successor States in Eastern Europe 895 Economic and Ethnic Pressures 895 Poland: Democracy to Military Rule 896 Czechoslovakia: A Viable Democratic Experiment 896 Hungary: Turn to Authoritarianism 897 Austria: Political Turmoil and Nazi Occupation 897 Southeastern Europe: Royal Dictatorships 897 The Weimar Republic in Germany 898 Constitutional Flaws 898 Lack of Broad Popular Support 898 Invasion of the Ruhr and Inflation Hitler s Early Career The Stresemann Years Locarno In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 27 Depression of the Toward the Great Depression The Financial Tailspin Problems in Agricultural Commodities Depression and Government Policy Confronting the Great Depression in the Democracies Great Britain: The National Government France: The Popular Front Germany: The Nazi Seizure of Power Depression and Political Deadlock Hitler Comes to Power Hitler s Consolidation of Power и Cinema of the Political Left and Right The Police State and Anti-Semitism Racial Ideology and the Lives of Women Nazi Economic Policy в The Nazi Party Rally Italy: Fascist Economics Syndicates Corporations Stalin s Soviet Union: Central Economic Planning, Collectivization, and Party Purges The Decision for Rapid Industrialization The Collectivization of Agriculture Flight to the Soviet Cities Urban Consumer Shortages Foreign Reactions and Repercussions The Purges In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM Contents xvii PART Global Conflict, Cold War, and New Directions 28 938 Again the Road to War 940 Hitler s Goals 940 Italy Attacks Ethiopia 941 Remilitarization of the Rhineland 942 The Spanish Civil War 943 Austria and Czechoslovakia 944 Munich 945 The Nazi-Soviet Pact 948 World War II 948 The German Conquest of Europe 948 The Battle of Britain 949 The German Attack on Russia 950 Hitler s Plans for Europe 952 Japan and the United States Enter the War 952 The Tide Turns 953 ■ Rosie and American Women in the War Effort The Defeat of Nazi Germany Fall of the Japanese Empire The Cost of War Racism and the Holocaust The Destruction of the Polish Jewish Community Polish Anti-Semitism Between the Wars The Nazi Assault on the Jews of Poland Explanations of the Holocaust The Domestic Fronts Germany: From Apparent Victory to Defeat France: Defeat, Collaboration, and Resistance ■ The Vichy Regime in France Great Britain: Organization for Victory The Soviet Union: The Great Patriotic War Preparations for Peace The Atlantic Charter Tehran: Agreement on a Second Front Yalta 973 Potsdam 974 In Perspective 974 Review Questions 976 Suggested Readings 976 Documents CD-ROM 977 29 and the Emergence of a New Europe 978 The Emergence of the Cold War 980 Containment in American Foreign Policy 981 Soviet Domination of Eastern Europe 983 The Postwar Division of Germany 984 NATO and the Warsaw Pact 986 The Creation of the State of Israel 987 The Korean War 988 The Khrushchev Era in the Soviet Union 989 Khrushchev s Domestic Policies 990 The Three Crises of 990 Later Cold War Confrontations 992 The Berlin Wall 992 The Cuban Missile Crisis 992 The Brezhenev Era 1968: The United States and Detente The Invasion of Afghanistan Communism and Solidarity in Poland Relations with the Reagan Administration Decolonization: The European Retreat from Empire Major Areas of Colonial Withdrawal India Further British Retreat from Empire The Turmoil of French Decolonization France and Algeria France and Vietnam Vietnam Drawn into the Cold War Direct United States Involvement 996 996 996 The Collapse of European Communism Gorbachev Attempts to Reform the Soviet Union 1000 1000 1001 1001 1002 1003 1004 xviii d Rock Music and Political Protest 1989: n Collapse of the Berlin Wall The Collapse of the Soviet Union The Yeltsin Decade and Putin The Collapse of Yugoslavia and Civil War The Rise of Radical Political Arab Nationalism Th e Afghanistan and Radical A Transformed West In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 3f The West at the of the Twenty-First Century The Twentieth-Century Movement of People Displacement Through War External and Internal Migration The New Muslim Population European Population Trends Toward a Welfare State Society Christian Democratic Parties The Creation of Welfare States Resistance to the Expansion of the Welfare State New Patterns in Work and Expectations of Women Feminism More Married Women in the Work Force New Work Patterns Women in the New Eastern Europe Transformations in Knowledge and Culture Communism and Western Europe 1034 Existentialism 1035 Expansion of the University Population and Student Rebellion 1036 The Americanization of Europe 1038 A Consumer Society 1038 D Encountering the Past Toys from Europe Conquer the United States 1039 Environmentalism Art since World War Cultural Divisions and the Cold War Memory of the Holocaust The Christian Heritage Neo-Orthodoxy Liberal Theology Roman Catholic Reform и The Copenhagen Opera House Late-Twentieth-Century Technology: The Arrival of the Computer The Demand for Calculating Machines Early Computer Technology The Development of Desktop Computers The Challenges of European Unification Postwar Cooperation The European Economic Community The European Union Discord over the Union In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM ■ Energy and the Modern World Glossary G-l Index
adam_txt	■RIEF P _ 1 2 3 4 5 P 6 and Culture 7 8 Pa 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Part 17 18 19 20 21 P 22 23 24 25 26 27 P 28 29 30 Ш CONTENT Preface PART The Foundations of Western Civilization in the Ancient World 1 Early Humans and Their Culture The Paleolithic Age The Neolithic Age The Bronze Age and the Birth of Civilization Early Civilizations to about Mesopotamian Civilization a A Closer Look The Royal Standard of Ur n Divination in Ancient Mesopotamia Egyptian Civilization Ancient Near Eastern Empires The The Assyrians The Second Assyrian Empire The Neo-Babylonians The Persian Empire Cyrus the Great Darius the Great Government and Administration Religion Art and Culture Palestine The Canaanites and the Phoenicians The Israelites The Jewish Religion General Outlook of Mideastern Cultures Humans and Nature Humans and the Gods, Law, and Justice Toward the Greeks and Western Thought In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 2 of Greek Civilization 38 The Bronze Age on Crete and on the Mainland to about 40 The Minoans 40 The Mycenaeans 41 The Greek "Middle Ages" to about 44 Greek Migrations 44 The Age of Homer 44 The 47 Development of the 47 The 47 The Importance of the 49 Expansion of the Greek World 49 Magna Graecia 49 The Greek Colony 50 The Tyrants (about 51 The Major States 52 Sparta 52 Athens 54 Life in Archaic Greece 57 Society 57 Religion 59 ■ Greek Athletics ■ The Trireme Poetry The Persian Wars The Ionian Rebellion The War in Greece In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 60 61 62 63 63 63 66 66 67 67 IV 3 and Hellenistic Greece Aftermath of Victory The Delian League The Rise of Cimon The First Peloponnesian War: Athens against Sparta The Breach with Sparta The Division of Greece Classical Greece The Athenian Empire Athenian Democracy n Going to Court in Athens The Women of Athens: Legal Status and Everyday Life Slavery Religion in Public Life The Great Peloponnesian War Causes Strategic Stalemate The Fall of Athens Competition for Leadership in the Fourth Century b.c.e. The Hegemony of Sparta The Hegemony of Thebes: The Second Athenian Empire The Culture of Classical Greece The Fifth Century The Fourth Century Philosophy and the Crisis of the ■ The Erechtheum: Porch of the Maidens The Hellenistic World The Macedonian Conquest Alexander the Great The Successors Hellenistic Culture Philosophy Literature Architecture and Sculpture Mathematics and Science In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM Rome: From Republic to Empire 108 Prehistoric Italy The Etruscans 110 110 Government Religion Women 111 Dominion 111 Royal Rome 111 Government 111 The Family Women in Early Rome Clientage Patricians and Plebeians The Republic Constitution n Lictors The Conquest of Italy Rome and Carthage The Republic's Conquest of the Hellenistic World Civilization in the Early Roman Republic Religion n Two Roman Festivals: The Saturnalia and Lupercalia Education Slavery Roman Imperialism: The Late Republic The Aftermath of Conquest The Gracchi Marius and Sulla The Fall of the Republic Pompey, Crassus, Caesar, and Cicero The First Triumvirate fulius Caesar and his Government of Rome The Second Triumvirate and the Triumph of In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 5 The Augustan Administration The Army and Defense Religion and Morality Civilization of the Ciceronian and Augustan Ages The Late Republic The Age of Augustus 144 146 146 147 148 149 149 150 vi n Imperial Rome, The Emperors a A Closer Look Spoils from Jerusalem on the Arch of Titus in Rome The Administration of the Empire Women of the Upper Classes Life in Imperial Rome: The Apartment House The Culture of the Early Empire The Rise of Christianity Jesus of Nazareth e Chariot Racing Paul of Tarsus Organization The Persecution of Christians The Emergence of Catholicism Rome as a Center of the Early Church The Crisis of the Third Century Barbarian Invasions Economic Difficulties The Social Order Civil Disorder The Late Empire The Fourth Century and Imperial Reorganization The Triumph of Christianity Arts and Letters in the Late Empire The Preservation of Classical Culture Christian Writers The Problem of the Decline and Fall of the Empire in the West In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM ■ Ancient Warfare PART The Middle Ages Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages: Creating a New European Society and Culture On the Eve of the Frankish Ascendancy Germanic Migrations New Western Masters The Byzantine Empire The Reign of Justinian The Spread of Byzantine Christianity Persians and Muslims Islam and the Islamic World Muhammad's Religion Islamic Diversity Islamic Empires The Western Debt to Islam Western Society and the Developing Christian Church Monastic Culture The Doctrine of Papal Primacy The Religious Division of Christendom The Kingdom of the Franks From Clovis to Charlemagne Governing the Franks The Reign of Charlemagne Breakup of the Carolingian Kingdom ■ A Multicultural Book Cover Feudal Society Origins ■ Medieval Cooking Vassalage and the Fief Daily Life and Religion Fragmentation and Divided Loyalty In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 7 The Rise of European Empires and States Otto I and the Revival of the Empire Unifying Germany Embracing the Church The Reviving Catholic Church Contents a vu The Cluny The Investiture Gregory The Crusades q European Embrace of a Black Saint The Pontificate of Innocent III (r. England and France: Hastings to Bouvines William the Conqueror Henry II Eleanor of Popular Rebellion and Philip II Augustus в Pilgrimages France in the Thirteenth Century: The Reign of Louis IX Generosity Abroad Order and Excellence at Home The Hohenstaufen Empire Frederick I Henry VI and the Sicilian Connection Otto IV and the Frederick II Romanesque and Gothic Architecture In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 8 Towns, Universities, and Families The Traditional Order of Life Nobles 258 258 The Joys and Pains of the Medieval Joust Warrior Games Clergy 262 Peasants 264 Towns and Townspeople 267 The Chartering of Towns 268 The Rise of Merchants 268 Challenging the Old Lords 268 New Models of Government 269 Towns and Kings 271 Jews in Christian Society 271 Schools and Universities 272 University of Bologna 273 Cathedral Schools 274 University of Paris 274 The Curriculum 276 Philosophy and Theology 276 Women in Medieval Society 279 Image and Status 280 Life Choices 280 Working Women 280 The Lives of Children 280 Children as "Little Adults" 281 Childhood as a Special Stage 282 In Perspective 282 Review Questions 283 Suggested Readings 283 Documents CD-ROM 283 ■ The Invention of Printing in China and Europe 284 PART ¿ass Europe in Transition 288 9 Social and Political Breakdown The Black Death Preconditions and Causes of the Plague Popular Remedies Social and Economic Consequences ■ Dealing with Death New Conflicts and Opportunities The Hundred Years' War and the Rise of National Sentiment The Causes of the War Progress of the War viii D Ecclesiastical Breakdown and Revival: The Late Medieval Church The Thirteenth-Century Papacy Boniface The Avignon Papacy John Wy cliff The Great Schism and the Medieval Russia Politics and Society Mongol Rule ■ The Delights and Dangers of the Medieval Bath In Perspective 314 Review Questions 314 Suggested Readings 314 Documents CD-ROM 315 10 and Discovery 316 The Renaissance in Italy 318 The Italian 329 Humanism 321 и The Renaissance Garden 322 Renaissance Art і Leonardo Plots the Perfect Man 327 328 330 Slavery in the Renaissance Italy's Political Decline: The French Invasions Charles VIII's March Through Italy Pope Alexander VI and the Borgia Family Pope Julius II Niccolo Machiavelli Revival of Monarchy in Northern Europe 335 France 336 Spain 336 England 337 The Holy Roman Empire 337 The Northern Renaissance 338 The Printing Press 339 Erasmus 340 Humanism and Reform 341 Voyages of Discovery and the New Empires in the West and East 342 The Portuguese Chart the Course 342 The Spanish Voyages of Columbus 342 The Spanish Empire in the New World 345 The Church in Spanish America The Economy of The Impact on Europe In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 11 Society and Religion Social and Political Conflict Popular Religious Movements and Criticism of the Church Martin Luther and the German Reformation to Justification by Faith Alone » A Saint at Peace in the Grasp of Temptation The Attack on Indulgences Election of Charles V Luther's Excommunication and the Diet of Worms Imperial Distractions: War with France and the Turks How the Reformation Spread The Peasants' Revolt The Reformation Elsewhere Zwingli and the Swiss Reformation Anabaptists and Radical Protestants John Calvin and the Genevan Reformation Political Consolidation of the Lutheran Reformation The Diet of Augsburg The Expansion of the Reformation Reaction Against Protestants The Peace of Augsburg The English Reformation to The Preconditions of Reform The King's Affair The "Reformation Parliament" Wives of Henry The King's Religious Conservatism The Protestant Reformation under Edward VI Catholic Reform and Counter-Reformation Sources of Catholic Reform Ignatius of Loyola and the Jesuits The Council of Trent The Social Significance of the Reformation in Western Europe Contents d The Revolution in Religious Practices and Institutions The Reformation and Education The Reformation and the Changing Role of Women Family Life in Early Modern Europe a Encountering the Past A Child Is Born: Welcoming the Newborn in Late Medieval Europe Later Marriages 383 Arranged Marriages 383 Family Size 383 Birth Control 383 Wet Nursing 383 Loving Families! 384 Literary Imagination in Transition 384 Miguel Rejection of Idealism 384 William Shakespeare: Dramatist of the Age 385 In Perspective 386 Review Questions 386 Suggested Readings 386 Documents CD-ROM 387 12 of Religious Wars 388 Renewed Religious Struggle ■ Baroque and Plain Church: Architectural Reflections of Belief The French Wars of Religion Appeal of Calvinism Catherine The Rise to Power of Henry of Navarre The Edict of Nantes Imperial Spain and Philip Pillars of Spanish Power The Revolt in the Netherlands England and Spain Mary I (r. Elizabeth I (r. ■ Going to the Theater The Thirty Years' War Preconditions for War Four Periods of War The Treaty of Westphalia In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 415 415 415 415 13 Consolidation in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries The Netherlands: Golden Age to Decline Urban Prosperity Economic Decline Two Models of European Political Development Constitutional Crisis and Settlement in Stuart England James I ■ Early Controversy over Tobacco and Smoking Charles I The Long Parliament and Civil War Oliver Cromwell and the Puritan Republic Charles II and the Restoration of the Monarchy The "Glorious Revolution" The Age of Walpole Rise of Absolute Monarchy in France: The World of Louis Years of Personal Rule Versailles King by Divine Right Louis's Early Wars ■ Versailles Louis's Repressive Religious Policies Louis's Later Wars France After Louis Central and Eastern Europe Poland: Absence of Strong Central Authority The and the Pragmatic Sanction Prussia and the Hohenzollerns Russia Enters the European Political Arena The Romanov Dynasty Peter the Great The Ottoman Empire x n Religious Toleration and Ottoman Government The End of Ottoman Expansion In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 14 in Thought and Culture in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries The Scientific Revolution Nicolaus an Earth-Centered Universe Tycho Make New Scientific Observations Galileo Galilei Argues for a Universe of Mathematical Laws Isaac Newton Discovers the Laws of Gravitation Philosophy Responds to Changing Science Nature as Mechanism Francis Bacon: The Empirical Method René of Rational Deduction Thomas Hobbes: Apologist for Absolute Government John Locke: Defender of Moderate Liberty and Toleration The New Institutions of Expanding Natural Knowledge Women in the World of the Scientific Revolution The New Science and Religious Faith The Case of Galileo и The Sciences and the Arts Blaise Pascal: Reason and Faith 472 The English Approach to Science and Religion 473 Continuing Superstition 473 Witch-Hunts and Panic 474 Village Origins 474 Influence of the Clergy 474 Who Were the Witches} 474 End of the Witch-Hunts 475 Baroque Art 475 ■ Midwives 477 In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 478 478 478 478 15 the Old Regime in the Eighteenth Century Major Features of Life in the Old Regime Maintenance of Tradition Hierarchy and Privilege The Aristocracy и An Aristocratic Couple Varieties of Aristocratic Privilege Aristocratic Resurgence The Land and Its Tillers Peasants and Serfs Aristocratic Domination of the Countryside: The English Game Laws Family Structures and the Family Economy Households The Family Economy Women and the Family Economy Children and the World of the Family Economy The Revolution in Agriculture New Crops and New Methods Expansion of the Population The Industrial Revolution of the Eighteenth Century A Revolution in Consumption Industrial Leadership of Great Britain New Methods of Textile Production The Steam Engine Iron Production The Impact of the Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions on Working Women The Growth of Cities Patterns of Preindustrial Urbanization Urban Classes 502 504 504 505 ■ Water, Washing, and Bathing The Urban Riot The Jewish Population: The Age of the Ghetto In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 16 Trade Wars, and Colonial Rebellion Periods of European Overseas Empires Mercantile Empires Mercantilist Goals French-British Rivalry The Spanish Colonial System Colonial Government Trade Regulation Colonial Reform Under the Spanish Bourbon Monarchs Black African Slavery, the Plantation System, and the Atlantic Economy The African Presence in the Americas ■ Sugar Enters the Western Diet Slavery and the Transatlantic Economy The Experience of Slavery ■ The Slave Ship Brookes Contents a Mid-Eighteenth-Century Wars 532 The War of fenkins's Ear 532 The War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748) 532 The "Diplomatic Revolution" of 533 The Seven Years' War 534 The American Revolution and Europe 535 Resistance to the Imperial Search for Revenue 536 The Crisis and Independence 537 American Political Ideas 537 Events in Great Britain 538 Broader Impact of the American Revolution 541 In Perspective 541 Review Questions 542 Suggested Readings 542 Documents CD-ROM 543 ■ The Columbian Exchange: Disease, Animals, and Agriculture 544 PART Enlightenment and Revolution 17 Eighteenth-Century Thought Formative Influences on the Enlightenment Ideas of Newton and Locke The Example of British Toleration and Political Stability The Emergence of a Print Culture The ■ Coffeehouses and Enlightenment Voltaire The Enlightenment and Religion 558 Deism 559 Toleration 559 Radical Enlightenment Criticism of Christianity 560 Jewish Thinkers in the Age of Enlightenment 560 Islam in. Enlightenment Thought 562 The Enlightenment and Society 564 The Encyclopedia: Freedom and Economic Improvement Beccarla The Physiocrats and Economic Freedom Adam Smith on Economic Growth and Social Progress Political Thought of the Montesquieu and Spirit of the Laws Rousseau: A Radical Critique of Modern Society Enlightened Critics of European Empires Women in the Thought and Practice of the Enlightenment Rococo and Neoclassical Styles in Eighteenth-Century Art ■ An Eighteenth-Century Artist Appeals to the Ancient World Enlightened Absolutism Frederick the Great of Prussia Joseph II of Austria Catherine the Great of Russia xu a Contents The Partition of Poland The End of the Eighteenth Century in Central and Eastern Europe In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 18 The Crisis of the French Monarchy The Monarchy Seeks New Taxes Necker's Report Calonne's Reform Plan and the Assembly of Notables Deadlock and the Calling of the Estates General The Revolution of The Estates General Becomes the National Assembly ° A Closer Look Challenging the French Political Order Fall of the Bastille The "Great Fear" and the Night of August The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen The Parisian Women's March on Versailles 603 The Reconstruction of France 603 Political Reorganization 603 Economic Policy 604 n The Metric System 605 The Civil Constitution of the Clergy 607 Counterrevolutionary Activity 608 The End of the Monarchy: A Second Revolution 609 Emergence of the Jacobins 609 The Convention and the Role of the Sans-culottes 610 Europe at War with the Revolution 612 Edmund Burke Attacks the Revolution 613 Suppression of Reform in Britain 613 The Second and Third Partitions of Poland, 613 The Reign of Terror 615 War with Europe 615 The Republic Defended 615 The "Republic of Virtue" and Robespierre's Justification of Terror 616 Repression of the Society of Revolutionary Republican Women De-Christianization Revolutionary Tribunals The End of the Terror The Thermidorian Reaction Establishment of the Directory Removal of the Sans-culottes from Political Life In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 19 and the Triumph of Romanticism The Rise of Napoleon Bonaparte Early Military Victories The Constitution of the Year The Consulate in France Suppressing Foreign Enemies and Domestic Opposition Concordat with the Roman Catholic Church The Napoleonic Code Establishing a Dynasty Napoleon's Empire Conquering an Empire ° A Closer Look The Coronation of Napoleon The Continental System European Response to the Empire и Sailors and Canned Food German Nationalism and Prussian Reform The Wars of Liberation The Invasion of Russia European Coalition The Congress of Vienna and the European Settlement Territorial Adjustments The Hundred Days and the Quadruple Alliance The Romantic Movement Romantic Questioning of the Supremacy of Reason Rousseau and Education Kant and Reason Contents Romantic Literature 645 The English Romantic Writers 645 The German Romantic Writers 647 Romantic Art 648 The Cult of the Middle Ages and Neo-Gothicism 648 Nature and the Sublime 649 Religion in the Romantic Period 649 Methodism 650 New Directions in Continental Religion 651 Romantic Views of Nationalism and History 651 Herder and Culture 652 Hegel and History 652 Islam, the Middle East, and Romanticism 652 In Perspective 654 Review Questions 655 Suggested Readings 655 Documents CD-ROM 655 20 and the Challenges of Reform The Challenges of Nationalism and Liberalism The Emergence of Nationalism Early-Nineteenth- Century Political Liberalism Conservative Governments: The Domestic Political Order Conservative Outlooks Liberalism and Nationalism Resisted in Austria and the Germanies ■ Gymnastics and German Nationalism Postwar Repression in Great Britain Bourbon Restoration in France The Conservative International Order The Congress System The Spanish Revolution of Revolt Against Ottoman Rule in the Balkans m A An English Poet Appears as an Albanian The Wars of Independence in Latin America Revolution in Haiti Wars of Independence on the South American Continent Independence in New Spain Brazilian Independence The Conservative Order Shaken in Europe Russia: The Decembrist Revolt of Revolution in France Belgium Becomes Independent The Great Reform Bill in Britain In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 21 and Social Unrest Toward an Industrial Society Population and Migration Railways The Labor Force The Emergence of a Wage-Labor Force и The Potato and the Great Hunger in Ireland Working-Class Political Action: The Example of British Chartism Family Structures and the Industrial Revolution The Family in the Early Factory System h A The Great Exhibition in London Women in the Early Industrial Revolution Opportunities and Exploitation in Employment Changing Expectations in the Working-Class Marriage Problems of Crime and Order New Police Forces Prison Reform Classical Economics Malthus Ricardo Government Policies Based on Classical Economics Early Socialism Utopian Socialism Anarchism Marxism 1848: France: The Second Republic and Louis Napoleon xiv The Resisted Italy: Republicanism Defeated Germany: Liberalism Frustrated In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM ■ The Abolition of Slavery in the Transatlantic Economy 720 721 722 Toward the Modern World 22 The Crimean War Peace Settlement and Results Reforms in the Ottoman Empire и The Crimean War Recalled Italian Unification Romantic Republicans Cavour's Policy The New Italian State German Unification Bismarck The Franco-Prussian War and the German Empire France: From Liberal Empire to the Third Republic The Paris Commune The Third Republic The Dreyfus Affair The Formation of the Dual Monarchy Unrest of Nationalities Russia: Emancipation and Revolutionary Stirrings Reforms of Alexander II Revolutionaries Great Britain: Toward Democracy The Second Reform Act ■ The Arrival of Penny Postage Gladstone's Great Ministry Disraeli in Office The Irish Question In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 758 759 759 23 of European Supremacy: Society and Politics to World War I Population Trends and Migration The Second Industrial Revolution New Industries Economic Difficulties The Middle Classes in Ascendancy Social Distinctions Within the Middle Classes ■ Bicycles: Transportation, Freedom, and Sport Late-Nineteenth-Century Urban Life The Redesign of Cities Urban Sanitation Housing Reform and Middle-Class Values Varieties of Late-Nineteenth-Century Women's Experiences Women's Social Disabilities New Employment Patterns for Women Working-Class Women Poverty and Prostitution Women of the Middle Class The Rise of Political Feminism Jewish Emancipation Differing Degrees of Citizenship Broadened Opportunities Labor, Socialism, and Politics to World War I Trade Democracy and Political Parties Karl Marx and the First International Great Britain: Fabianism and Early Welfare Programs France: "Opportunism" Rejected Germany: Social Democrats and Revisionism Russia: Industrial Development and the Birth of Bolshevism ■ Bloody Sunday, St. Petersburg In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 24 European Thought The New Reading Public Advances in Primary Education Reading Material for the Mass Audience Science at Midcentury Comte, of Science ■ The Birth of Science Fiction Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection Science and Ethics Christianity and the Church under Siege Intellectual Skepticism Conflict Between Church and State Areas of Religious Revival The Roman Catholic Church and the Modem World « Conflict Between Church and State in Germany Islam and Late-Nineteenth-Century European Thought Toward a Twentieth-Century Frame of Mind Science: The Revolution in Physics Literature: Realism and Naturalism Modernism in Literature The Coming of Modern Art Friedrich Against Reason Contents m The Birth of Psychoanalysis 823 Retreat from Rationalism in Politics 815 Racism 815 Anti-Semitism and the Birth of Zionism 818 Women and Modern Thought 820 Antifeminism in Late-Century Thought 820 New Directions in Feminism 821 In Perspective 824 Review Questions 824 Suggested Readings 824 Documents CD-ROM 825 25 and War 826 Expansion of European Power and the New Imperialism 828 The New Imperialism 828 Motives for the New Imperialism 829 The "Scramble for Africa 830 » The French in Morocco 830 Asia 836 Emergence of the German Empire and the Alliance Systems 838 Bismarck's Leadership 838 Forging the Triple Entente (1890-1907) 841 World War I 843 The Road to War 843 Sarajevo and the Outbreak of War (June-August 845 Strategies and Stalemate: 848 The Russian Revolution 854 The Provisional Government 854 Lenin and the Bolsheviks 855 The Communist Dictatorship 856 The End of World War I 858 Germany's Last Offensive 859 The Armistice 860 The End of the Ottoman Empire 861 The Settlement at Paris 862 Obstacles the Peacemakers Faced 862 ■ War Propaganda and the Movies: Charlie Chaplin 863 The Peace 864 Evaluating the Peace 867 xvi In Perspective Review Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM ■ Imperialism: Ancient and Modern 868 868 869 869 870 26 of the 876 Political and Economic Factors after the Paris Settlement 878 Demands for Revision of the Paris Settlement 878 Postwar Economic Problems 878 New Roles for Government and Labor 879 The Soviet Experiment Begins 880 War Communism 880 The New Economic Policy 880 Stalin Versus Trotsky 882 The Third International 883 ■ Bolshevik Visions of World Revolution 883 Women and the Family in the Early Soviet Union 885 The Fascist Experiment in Italy 886 The Rise of Mussolini 887 The Fascists in Power 889 Motherhood for the Nation in Fascist Italy 890 Joyless Victors 891 France: The Search for Security 891 Great Britain: Economic Confusion 892 n The Coming of Radio: The BBC 894 Trials of the Successor States in Eastern Europe 895 Economic and Ethnic Pressures 895 Poland: Democracy to Military Rule 896 Czechoslovakia: A Viable Democratic Experiment 896 Hungary: Turn to Authoritarianism 897 Austria: Political Turmoil and Nazi Occupation 897 Southeastern Europe: Royal Dictatorships 897 The Weimar Republic in Germany 898 Constitutional Flaws 898 Lack of Broad Popular Support 898 Invasion of the Ruhr and Inflation Hitler's Early Career The Stresemann Years Locarno In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 27 Depression of the Toward the Great Depression The Financial Tailspin Problems in Agricultural Commodities Depression and Government Policy Confronting the Great Depression in the Democracies Great Britain: The National Government France: The Popular Front Germany: The Nazi Seizure of Power Depression and Political Deadlock Hitler Comes to Power Hitler's Consolidation of Power и Cinema of the Political Left and Right The Police State and Anti-Semitism Racial Ideology and the Lives of Women Nazi Economic Policy в The Nazi Party Rally Italy: Fascist Economics Syndicates Corporations Stalin's Soviet Union: Central Economic Planning, Collectivization, and Party Purges The Decision for Rapid Industrialization The Collectivization of Agriculture Flight to the Soviet Cities Urban Consumer Shortages Foreign Reactions and Repercussions The Purges In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM Contents xvii PART Global Conflict, Cold War, and New Directions 28 938 Again the Road to War 940 Hitler's Goals 940 Italy Attacks Ethiopia 941 Remilitarization of the Rhineland 942 The Spanish Civil War 943 Austria and Czechoslovakia 944 Munich 945 The Nazi-Soviet Pact 948 World War II 948 The German Conquest of Europe 948 The Battle of Britain 949 The German Attack on Russia 950 Hitler's Plans for Europe 952 Japan and the United States Enter the War 952 The Tide Turns 953 ■ Rosie and American Women in the War Effort The Defeat of Nazi Germany Fall of the Japanese Empire The Cost of War Racism and the Holocaust The Destruction of the Polish Jewish Community Polish Anti-Semitism Between the Wars The Nazi Assault on the Jews of Poland Explanations of the Holocaust The Domestic Fronts Germany: From Apparent Victory to Defeat France: Defeat, Collaboration, and Resistance ■ The Vichy Regime in France Great Britain: Organization for Victory The Soviet Union: "The Great Patriotic War" Preparations for Peace The Atlantic Charter Tehran: Agreement on a Second Front Yalta 973 Potsdam 974 In Perspective 974 Review Questions 976 Suggested Readings 976 Documents CD-ROM 977 29 and the Emergence of a New Europe 978 The Emergence of the Cold War 980 Containment in American Foreign Policy 981 Soviet Domination of Eastern Europe 983 The Postwar Division of Germany 984 NATO and the Warsaw Pact 986 The Creation of the State of Israel 987 The Korean War 988 The Khrushchev Era in the Soviet Union 989 Khrushchev's Domestic Policies 990 The Three Crises of 990 Later Cold War Confrontations 992 The Berlin Wall 992 The Cuban Missile Crisis 992 The Brezhenev Era 1968: The United States and Detente The Invasion of Afghanistan Communism and Solidarity in Poland Relations with the Reagan Administration Decolonization: The European Retreat from Empire Major Areas of Colonial Withdrawal India Further British Retreat from Empire The Turmoil of French Decolonization France and Algeria France and Vietnam Vietnam Drawn into the Cold War Direct United States Involvement 996 996 996 The Collapse of European Communism Gorbachev Attempts to Reform the Soviet Union 1000 1000 1001 1001 1002 1003 1004 xviii d Rock Music and Political Protest 1989: n Collapse of the Berlin Wall The Collapse of the Soviet Union The Yeltsin Decade and Putin The Collapse of Yugoslavia and Civil War The Rise of Radical Political Arab Nationalism Th e Afghanistan and Radical A Transformed West In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM 3f The West at the of the Twenty-First Century The Twentieth-Century Movement of People Displacement Through War External and Internal Migration The New Muslim Population European Population Trends Toward a Welfare State Society Christian Democratic Parties The Creation of Welfare States Resistance to the Expansion of the Welfare State New Patterns in Work and Expectations of Women Feminism More Married Women in the Work Force New Work Patterns Women in the New Eastern Europe Transformations in Knowledge and Culture Communism and Western Europe 1034 Existentialism 1035 Expansion of the University Population and Student Rebellion 1036 The Americanization of Europe 1038 A Consumer Society 1038 D Encountering the Past Toys from Europe Conquer the United States 1039 Environmentalism Art since World War Cultural Divisions and the Cold War Memory of the Holocaust The Christian Heritage Neo-Orthodoxy Liberal Theology Roman Catholic Reform и The Copenhagen Opera House Late-Twentieth-Century Technology: The Arrival of the Computer The Demand for Calculating Machines Early Computer Technology The Development of Desktop Computers The Challenges of European Unification Postwar Cooperation The European Economic Community The European Union Discord over the Union In Perspective Review Questions Suggested Readings Documents CD-ROM ■ Energy and the Modern World Glossary G-l Index
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author	Kagan, Donald 1932-2021 Ozment, Steven E. 1939-2019 Turner, Frank M.
author_GND	(DE-588)119557010 (DE-588)115579486
author_facet	Kagan, Donald 1932-2021 Ozment, Steven E. 1939-2019 Turner, Frank M.
author_role	aut aut aut
author_sort	Kagan, Donald 1932-2021
author_variant	d k dk s e o se seo f m t fm fmt
building	Verbundindex
bvnumber	BV021724630
callnumber-first	C - Historical Sciences
callnumber-label	CB245
callnumber-raw	CB245
callnumber-search	CB245
callnumber-sort	CB 3245
callnumber-subject	CB - History of Civilization
classification_rvk	NK 1200
ctrlnum	(OCoLC)61879848 (DE-599)BVBBV021724630
dewey-full	909/.09821
dewey-hundreds	900 - History & geography
dewey-ones	909 - World history
dewey-raw	909/.09821
dewey-search	909/.09821
dewey-sort	3909 49821
dewey-tens	900 - History & geography
discipline	Geschichte
discipline_str_mv	Geschichte
edition	9. ed., combined vol.
era	Geschichte gnd
era_facet	Geschichte
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indexdate	2024-07-09T20:42:34Z
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spelling	Kagan, Donald 1932-2021 Verfasser (DE-588)119557010 aut The Western heritage Donald Kagan ; Steven Ozment ; Frank M. Turner Western civilization 9. ed., combined vol. Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Prentice Hall 2007 XXXI, 1056 S., [24] Bl. Ill., Kt. CD-ROM (12 cm) txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier CD-ROM-Beil. u.d.T.: Western civilization Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Geschichte Civilization, Western History Textbooks Kultur (DE-588)4125698-0 gnd rswk-swf Westliche Welt (DE-588)4079237-7 gnd rswk-swf Westliche Welt (DE-588)4079237-7 g Kultur (DE-588)4125698-0 s DE-604 Geschichte z Ozment, Steven E. 1939-2019 Verfasser (DE-588)115579486 aut Turner, Frank M. Verfasser aut Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014938249&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle	Kagan, Donald 1932-2021 Ozment, Steven E. 1939-2019 Turner, Frank M. The Western heritage Geschichte Civilization, Western History Textbooks Kultur (DE-588)4125698-0 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4125698-0 (DE-588)4079237-7
title	The Western heritage
title_alt	Western civilization
title_auth	The Western heritage
title_exact_search	The Western heritage
title_exact_search_txtP	The Western heritage
title_full	The Western heritage Donald Kagan ; Steven Ozment ; Frank M. Turner
title_fullStr	The Western heritage Donald Kagan ; Steven Ozment ; Frank M. Turner
title_full_unstemmed	The Western heritage Donald Kagan ; Steven Ozment ; Frank M. Turner
title_short	The Western heritage
title_sort	the western heritage
topic	Geschichte Civilization, Western History Textbooks Kultur (DE-588)4125698-0 gnd
topic_facet	Geschichte Civilization, Western History Textbooks Kultur Westliche Welt
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014938249&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
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MARC

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