The great Ming code: Da Ming lü
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English Chinese |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Seattle
University of Washington Press
2005
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Asian law series
17 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Table of contents Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Aus dem Chines. übers. Includes bibliographical references (p. [293]-299) and index |
| Beschreibung: | CIV, 319 S. 23 cm |
| ISBN: | 029598449X |
Internformat
MARC
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| 130 | 0 | |a Da-Ming-lü | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The great Ming code |b Da Ming lü |c translated and introduced by Jiang Yonglin |
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| 300 | |a CIV, 319 S. |c 23 cm | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a Asian law series |v 17 | |
| 500 | |a Aus dem Chines. übers. | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references (p. [293]-299) and index | ||
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1368-1644 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804135468340609025 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS XXVII
NOTE ON THE TRANSLATION XXIX
MING UNITS OF MEASURE AND MONEY XXXI
INTRODUCTION: THE MAKING OF THE GREAT MING CODE XXXIII
THE GREAT MING CODE
THE IMPERIAL PREFACE TO THE GREAT MING CODE 3
DIAGRAMS 5
THE FIVE PUNISHMENTS 6
THE PENAL INSTRUMENTS 7
GENERAL MOURNING DEGREES 8
FORMAL MOURNING DEGREES FOR THE RELATIVES OF NINE GENERATIONS
AND FIVE MOURNING DEGREES WITHIN ONE S OWN LINEAGE 9
WIFE S MOURNING DEGREES FOR HUSBAND S RELATIVES 11
CONCUBINE S MOURNING DEGREES FOR HOUSEHOLD HEAD S RELATIVES 12
MARRIED DAUGHTER S REDUCED MOURNING DEGREES FOR HER OWN
LINEAGE 12
MOURNING DEGREES FOR EXTERNAL RELATIVES 13
MOURNING DEGREES FOR WIFE S RELATIVES 13
MOURNING DEGREES FOR THREE FATHERS AND EIGHT MOTHERS 14
SIX TYPES OF ILLICIT GOODS 15
THE MEANINGS OF EIGHT CHARACTERS AS USED IN THE GENERA] PRINCIPLES 16
CHAPTER 1
LAWS ON PUNISHMENTS AND GENERAL PRINCIPLES 17
1 THE FIVE PUNISHMENTS 17
2 THE TEN ABOMINATIONS 18
3 THE EIGHT DELIBERATIONS 19
VU
VIII CONTENTS
4 COMMITTING CRIMES BY THOSE ENTITLED TO THE EIGHT
DELIBERATIONS 20
5 COMMITTING CRIMES BY OFFICIALS 20
6 COMMITTING CRIMES BY MILITARY OFFICERS 21
7 COMMITTING PUBLIC CRIMES BY CIVIL OR MILITARY
OFFICIALS 2I
8 COMMITTING PRIVATE CRIMES BY CIVIL OR MILITARY
OFFICIALS 22
9 COMMITTING CRIMES BY THE PARENTS OR PATERNAL GRAND-
PARENTS OF THOSE ENTITLED TO THE EIGHT DELIBERATIONS 23
10 COMMITTING CRIMES BY MILITARY OFFICERS OR SOLDIERS WHO
SHALL BE EXEMPTED FROM PENAL SERVITUDE OR LIFE EXILE 24
11 COMMITTING CRIMES FOR WHICH PENALTIES MAY BE
CUMULATIVELY REDUCED 24
12 LEAVING OFFICES FOR LEGITIMATE REASONS 25
13 COMMITTING CRIMES BY THOSE WHO HAVE NOT YET
BECOME OFFICIALS 25
14 DISENROLLMENT AND LABOR SERVICE 26
25 FAMILIES OF THOSE PUNISHED BY LIFE EXILE 26
16 CRIMES THAT SHALL NOT BE PARDONED UNDER THE GENERAL
AMNESTY 27
17 THOSE PUNISHED BY PENAL SERVITUDE OR LIFE EXILE ARE
EN ROUTE WHEN THE AMNESTY IS PROCLAIMED 28
18 COMMITTING CRIMES AND REMAINING AT HOME TO CARE
FOR RELATIVES 28
19 COMMITTING CRIMES BY GOVERNMENT ARTISANS, MUSICIANS,
AND WOMEN 29
20 COMMITTING CRIMES AGAIN BY THOSE PUNISHED BY PENAL
SERVITUDE OR LIFE EXILE 29
21 REDEEMING PUNISHMENT BY THOSE WHO ARE AGED,
JUVENILE, OR DISABLED 30
22 COMMITTING CRIMES BEFORE BECOMING AGED OR MAIMED 31
23 RESTITUTION AND CONFISCATION OF ILLICIT GOODS 32
24 VOLUNTARY CONFESSION OF CRIMES 34
25 SENTENCING ON THE BASIS OF THE PUNISHMENT FOR THE
MORE SERIOUS CRIME WHEN TWO CRIMES ARE DISCOVERED
TOGETHER 36
26 FLEEING TOGETHER AFTER COMMITTING CRIMES 37
27 COMMITTING PUBLIC CRIMES BY THOSE IN THE SAME
OFFICE 38
28 MAKING ERRORS IN PUBLIC MATTERS 39
29 DISTINGUISHING PRINCIPALS AND ACCESSORIES IN JOINT
CRIMES 40
CONTENTS BE
30 FLEEING WHEN CRIMES ARE DISCOVERED 41
31 MUTUAL CONCEALMENT BY RELATIVES 41
32 COMMITTING CAPITAL CRIMES BY FUNCTIONARIES 42
33 EXECUTING MILITARY PERSONNEL GUILTY OF TREASON 42
34 KILLING MILITARY PERSONNEL 43
35 MILITARY PERSONNEL AND CIVILIANS RESIDING IN THE
CAPITAL WHO COMMIT CRIMES 43
36 COMMITTING CRIMES BY PERSONS BEYOND THE PALE
OF CIVILIZATION 43
37 SPECIFIC ARTICLES HAVING DIFFERENT REGULATIONS FOR
PUNISHMENT 43
38 PRINCIPLES FOR INCREASING AND REDUCING PUNISHMENTS 44
39 THE TERMS SEDAN CHAIR AND CARRIAGE 45
40 THE TERMS RELATIVES OF MOURNING FOR ONE YEAR
AND PATERNAL GRANDPARENTS 45
41 THE TERM SHALL BE PUNISHED BY THE SAME PENALTY 45
42 THE TERMS SUPERVISORS AND CUSTODIANS 46
43 THE TERM DAY AS BEING ONE HUNDRED UNITS 46
44 THE TERMS DAOIST PRIESTS AND DAOIST NUNS 47
45 DECIDING PENALTIES IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE NEWLY
PROMULGATED CODE 47
46 DECIDING CASES WITHOUT SPECIFIC ARTICLES 47
47 PLACES FOR PENAL SERVITUDE, LIFE EXILE, AND BANISHMENT 47
CHAPTER 2
LAWS ON PERSONNEL 52
SECTION
1 ADMINISTRATIVE INSTITUTIONS 52
48 SELECTING MILITARY POSTS 52
49 SELECTING OFFICIALS BY HIGH OFFICIALS WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 52
50 CIVIL OFFICIALS SHALL NOT BE DESIGNATED AS DUKES
OR MARQUISES 53
51 OFFICIALS PROTECTION PRIVILEGE 53
52 APPOINTING TOO MANY OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONARIES 54
53 RECOMMENDING INAPPROPRIATE PERSONS 54
54 RECOMMENDING OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONARIES WHO HAVE
TRANSGRESSED 55
55 LEAVING OFFICIAL APPOINTMENTS OR EMPLOYMENTS WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 55
56 EXCEEDING THE TIME LIMIT BY OFFICIALS WHEN GOING
TO THEIR POSTS 55
X CONTENTS
57 FAILING TO ATTEND AUDIENCES AT THE COURT OR TO FILL OFFICIAL
POSTS WITHOUT REASON 56
58 SUMMONING SUBORDINATE OFFICIALS WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 56
$9 CAREER RECORDS OF OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONARIES 57
60 TREACHEROUS CLIQUES 58
61 ASSOCIATING WITH COURT ATTENDANT OFFICIALS 58
62 MEMORIALIZING IN PRAISE OF THE VIRTUES AND ACHIEVEMENTS
OF HIGH OFFICIALS 58
SECTION
2 OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS 59
63 EXPLAINING AND READING THE CODE AND COMMANDMENT 59
64 VIOLATING IMPERIAL EDICTS 59
65 DISCARDING OR DESTROYING IMPERIAL EDICTS OR OFFICIAL
SEALS 60
66 [LOSING IMPERIAL EDICTS] 60
67 MISTAKENLY VIOLATING NAME TABOOS IN MEMORIALS
OR STATEMENTS TO THE THRONE 61
68 NOT MEMORIALIZING MATTERS THAT OUGHT TO BE
MEMORIALIZED 61
69 NOT RETURNING AFTER BEING SENT ON MISSIONS WITH
IMPERIAL EDICTS 62
70 DIVULGING IMPORTANT MILITARY INFORMATION 63
71 DELAYING TRANSMITTING OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS 63
72 INSPECTING DOCUMENTARY FILES 64
7} REVIEWING DOCUMENTARY FILES 64
74 COLLEAGUES AFFIXING DATES OR SIGNATURES TO DOCUMENTARY
FILES ON OTHERS BEHALF 65
75 ADDING TO OR SUBTRACTING FROM OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS 65
76 COVERING UP AND KEEPING SEALS 66
77 OMITTING TO AFFIX SEALS 66
78 OMITTING TO EMPLOY SEALS ON PAPER CURRENCY 67
79 EMPLOYING SEALS OF TRANSFERRING TROOPS WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 67
80 WARRANTS 67
CHAPTER 3
LAWS ON REVENUE 69
SECTION
1 HOUSEHOLDS AND CORVEE SERVICES 69
81 OMITTING TO REGISTER HOUSEHOLDS OR HOUSEHOLD
MEMBERS 69
CONTENTS XI
82 HOUSEHOLDS SHOULD BE ESTABLISHED ACCORDING TO THE
REGISTERS 70
83 ESTABLISHING BUDDHIST OR DAOIST MONASTERIES WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION AND ORDAINING BUDDHIST OR DAOIST PRIESTS
WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 71
84 ILLEGALLY DESIGNATING WIVES SONS [AS HEIRS] 71
85 TAKING STRAY CHILDREN 72
86 UNEQUALLY LEVYING TAXES AND CORVEE SERVICES 73
87 UNEQUALLY ASSIGNING [CORVEE SERVICES TO] ABLE-BODIED
ADULT MALES 73
88 HIDING [PERSONS FROM] CORVEE SERVICES 73
89 PROHIBITION [AGAINST FRAUDULENTLY CLAIMING TO BE]
SECURITY GROUP CHIEFS OR COMMUNITY HEADS 74
90 FLEEING TO EVADE CORVEE SERVICES 74
91 APPOINTING PRISON GUARDS 75
92 PRIVATELY EMPLOYING COMMONERS OR GOVERNMENT
ARTISANS UNDER ONE S JURISDICTION TO PERFORM
SERVICES 75
93 ESTABLISHING SEPARATE HOUSEHOLD REGISTERS OR DIVIDING
THE FAMILY PROPERTY 76
514 INFERIOR OR YOUNGER FAMILY MEMBERS MAKING USE
OF FAMILY PROPERTY WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 76
95 SUPPORTING ORPHANS AND ELDERLY PERSONS 76
SECTION
2 FIELDS AND HOUSES 76
96 FRAUDULENTLY CONCEALING FIELDS AND THEIR PRODUCE 76
97 INSPECTING FIELDS AND THEIR PRODUCE DAMAGED BY NATURAL
CALAMITIES 77
98 MERITORIOUS OFFICIALS FIELDS 78
99 FRAUDULENTLY SELLING FIELDS AND HOUSES 78
100 PURCHASING FIELDS OR HOUSES [BY OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONAR-
IES] IN THE LOCATIONS OF THEIR SERVICE 79
101 PURCHASING FIELDS OR HOUSES BY MORTGAGE 79
102 FRAUDULENTLY CULTIVATING GOVERNMENT OR PRIVATE
LAND 80
103 ALLOWING LAND TO GO UNCULTIVATED 80
104 DISCARDING OR DESTROYING THINGS SUCH AS UTENSILS
OR CROPS 81
105 EATING MELONS OR FRUITS OF GARDENS OR ORCHARDS
WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 81
106 BORROWING GOVERNMENT CARRIAGES OR BOATS WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 81
XII CONTENTS
SECTION
3 MARRIAGES 82
107 MARRIAGES OF MEN AND WOMEN 82
108 MORTGAGING OR RENTING OUT WIVES OR DAUGHTERS 83
109 DISORDERING WIVES AND CONCUBINES 83
110 EXPELLING SONS-IN-LAW AND MARRYING OFF DAUGHTERS 84
111 MARRYING OFF OR TAKING IN MARRIAGE DURING
THE MOURNING PERIOD 84
112 MARRYING OFF OR TAKING IN MARRIAGE WHILE PARENTS ARE
IMPRISONED 85
113 MARRYING PERSONS WITH THE SAME SURNAME 85
114 MARRYING SUPERIOR OR INFERIOR RELATIVES 85
115 MARRYING RELATIVES WIVES OR CONCUBINES 85
116 MARRYING WOMEN OR DAUGHTERS OF THOSE UNDER
[THE OFFICIALS ] JURISDICTION AS WIVES OR CONCUBINES 86
117 MARRYING RUNAWAY WOMEN 86
118 FORCIBLY SEIZING WIVES OR DAUGHTERS OF HONORABLE
FAMILIES 87
119 MARRYING MUSICIANS AS WIVES OR CONCUBINES 87
120 BUDDHIST OR DAOIST PRIESTS TAKING WIVES 87
121 MARRIAGES BETWEEN HONORABLE AND MEAN PERSONS 87
122 MARRIAGES BY MONGOLS AND SEMU PEOPLE 88
123 REPUDIATING WIVES 88
124 PUNISHMENTS FOR MATCHMAKERS AND OTHERS WHO ARRANGE
MARRIAGES THAT VIOLATE THE CODE 89
SECTION
4 GRANARIES AND TREASURIES 90
125 RULES OF PAPER CURRENCY 90
126 RULES OF COINAGE 91
127 VIOLATING THE TIME LIMITS IN COLLECTING GRAIN TAXES 91
128 COLLECTING TOO MUCH GRAIN TAX ABOVE THE LEVEL OF THE
GRAIN MEASURES 92
129 CONCEALING OR CONSUMING TAX PAID IN GRAIN OR OTHER
TAXABLE MATERIALS 92
130 MONOPOLIZING PAYMENT OF TAX PAID IN GRAIN 92
131 FRAUDULENTLY ISSUING INVOICES OR RECEIPTS 93
132 SECRETLY USING EXCESS MONEY OR GRAIN TO MAKE UP
DEFICITS 93
133 BORROWING MONEY OR GRAIN WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 94
134 BORROWING GOVERNMENT OBJECTS WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 94
135 DIVERTING [ITEMS] IN EXPENDITURES OR RECEIPTS 94
CONTENTS
XNI
136 DECEITFULLY EMBEZZLING BY WEIGHERS IN GRANARIES
AND EMPLOYEES 95
137 FRAUDULENTLY ISSUING GOVERNMENT GRAIN 95
138 WATCHING EACH OTHER FOR MONEY AND GRAIN 95
139 FAILING TO DISCOVER THEFT IN GRANARIES AND TREASURIES 96
140 WAITING FOR MONEY AND GRAIN TO BE EXPENDED AND
OPENING OFFICIAL SEALS WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 96
141 VIOLATING [RULES] IN ISSUING OR RECEIVING GOVERNMENT
GOODS 96
142 CREATING OBSTRUCTIONS IN RECEIVING OR ISSUING
[GOVERNMENT GOODS] 97
143 DELIVERING GOLD OR SILVER IN STANDARD PURITY 97
144 DAMAGING GOODS IN GRANARIES OR TREASURIES 97
145 TRANSMITTING GOVERNMENT GOODS 98
146 DECIDING THE SEIZURE OF ILLICIT GOODS IMPROPERLY 99
147 GUARDING GOODS IN THE HANDS OF THE GOVERNMENT 99
148 CONCEALING HOUSEHOLD GOODS THAT GO TO THE
GOVERNMENT 99
SECTION
5 TAXES 100
149- THE SALT RULES [TWELVE ARTICLES] 100
60 [UNTITLED ARTICLES] 100-103
161 SUPERVISORY [OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONARIES] OR POWERFUL
PERSONS ENGAGING IN SALT TRANSACTIONS 103
162 OBSTRUCTING THE SALT LAWS 103
163 ILLEGAL TRANSACTIONS IN TEA 104
164 ILLEGAL TRANSACTIONS IN ALUM 104
165 EVADING TAXES 104
166 MARITIME MERCHANTS HIDING GOODS 104
167 HOUSEHOLDS FAILING TO PAY TAXES 104
SECTION
6 MONETARY OBLIGATIONS 105
168 TAKING INTEREST IN VIOLATION OF PROHIBITIONS 105
169 CONSUMING PROPERTY RECEIVED IN DEPOSIT 106
170 FINDING LOST OBJECTS 106
SECTION 7 MARKETS 107
171 FILLING POSITIONS OF COMMISSION AGENTS OR PORT MASTERS
WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 107
172 ASSESSING PRICES OF MERCHANDISE BY MARKET
AUTHORITIES 107
XIV CONTENTS
173 MONOPOLIZING MARKETS 108
174 MANUFACTURING VOLUME MEASURES, WEIGHTS,
OR LINEAR MEASURES WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 108
275 FAILING TO MANUFACTURE UTENSILS AND TEXTILES
IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE RULES 109
CHAPTER 4
LAWS ON RITUALS
110
SECTION 1 SACRIFICES 110
176 SACRIFICES AND IMPERIAL ANCESTOR WORSHIP 110
177 DESTROYING MOUNDS OR ALTARS FOR GREAT SACRIFICES 111
178 PERFORMING SACRIFICES TO SPIRITS RECORDED IN
THE SACRIFICIAL CANON 111
179 THE MAUSOLEUMS OF RULERS OF PREVIOUS DYNASTIES 111
180 PROFANING THE SPIRITS 112
181 PROHIBITING SORCERY OF WIZARDS AND WITCHES 112
SECTION 2 CEREMONIAL REGULATIONS 113
182 PREPARING IMPERIAL MEDICINE 113
383 CLOTHING OR PERSONAL OBJECTS OF THE SEDAN CHAIR 113
184 COLLECTING AND KEEPING PROSCRIBED BOOKS AND PRACTICING
ASTRONOMY WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 114
185 CLOTHING AND OBJECTS BESTOWED BY THE EMPEROR 114
186 MAKING ERRORS IN IMPERIAL AUDIENCES OR CONGRATULATORY
CEREMONIES 114
187 MISBEHAVING DURING CEREMONIES 114
188 FAILING TO OBSERVE THE PROPER PROCEDURE IN MAKING
RESPONSES TO THE THRONE 115
189 OBSTRUCTING OTHERS FROM ATTENDING COURT AUDIENCES 115
190 SENDING MEMORIALS OR MAKING STATEMENTS TO THE
THRONE 115
391 INCUMBENT OFFICIALS ERECTING STELE WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 116
192 PROHIBITION AGAINST GREETING AND BIDDING FAREWELL 116
193 OFFICIAL MESSENGERS INSULTING SENIOR OFFICIALS 116
194 VIOLATING SUMPTUARY REGULATIONS ON CLOTHING AND
HOUSES 116
195 BUDDHIST AND DAOIST PRIESTS HONORING PARENTS 117
196 FAILING TO PROPHESY HEAVENLY PORTENTS 117
197 SOOTHSAYERS RECKLESSLY PREDICTING DISASTER OR GOOD
FORTUNE 117
CONTENTS
XV
198 CONCEALING THE DEATH OF PARENTS OR HUSBANDS 118
199 ABANDONING RELATIVES TO TAKE GOVERNMENT
OFFICES 118
200 FUNERALS 119
201 COMMUNITY WINE-DRINKING CEREMONIES 119
CHAPTER 5
LAWS ON MILITARY AFFAIRS 120
SECTION
1 GUARDING PALACES 120
202 ENTERING THE GATES OF THE IMPERIAL ANCESTRAL TEMPLE
WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 120
203 ENTERING THE GATES OF PALACES AND HALLS WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 120
204 SUBSTITUTING IMPERIAL BODYGUARDS OR PALACE GUARDS
WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 121
205 DELAYING IN ESCORTING THE CARRIAGE 121
206 WALKING ON THE IMPERIAL PATHWAY 122
207 SUBSTITUTING SERVICES BY CRAFTSMEN WORKING
IN THE PALACE TREASURY 122
208 FAILING TO LEAVE PALACES OR HALLS AFTER THE CONSTRUCTIONS
OR MANUFACTURES ARE COMPLETED 122
209 LEAVING OR ENTERING PALACE OR HALL GATES WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 123
210 CONTROLLING IDENTIFICATION PASSES OF PALACE EUNUCHS
WHO ENTER OR LEAVE 123
211 SHOOTING ARROWS AT PALACES OR HALLS 124
212 ARMS OF IMPERIAL GUARDS 124
213 PROHIBITING THOSE WHO HAVE BEEN CONVICTED FROM
SERVING AS IMPERIAL GUARDS 124
214 INTRUDING INTO THE IMPERIAL PROCESSION: [FAILING
TO AVOID THE IMPERIAL PROCESSION] 125
215 INTRUDING INTO THE IMPERIAL PROCESSION: [APPEALING
FOR REDRESS OF WRONGS THAT ARE NOT TRUE] 125
216 INTRUDING INTO THE IMPERIAL PROCESSION: [FAILING
TO GUARD AGAINST DOMESTIC ANIMALS] 125
217 THE CAMP GATES OF THE IMPERIAL TRAVELING
PALACES 125
218 CLIMBING OVER CITY WALLS 126
219 LOCKING GATES THROUGH WHICH PASSING IS
PROHIBITED 126
220 CARRYING IDENTIFICATION TABLETS 126
XVI
CONTENTS
SECTION 2 MILITARY ADMINISTRATION 127
221 MOVING GOVERNMENT TROOPS WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 127
222 REPORTING MILITARY MATTERS 128
223 REPORTING MILITARY INFORMATION AT FULL SPEED 129
224 REQUESTING MILITARY SUPPLIES AT THE FRONTIERS 129
225 LOSSES OR MISTAKES IN MILITARY OPERATIONS 129
226 VIOLATING THE TIME LIMIT IN FOLLOWING [ORDERS]
TO GO ON CAMPAIGNS 130
227 ARRANGING FOR SUBSTITUTES IN SERVICE BY MILITARY
SOLDIERS 130
228 COMMANDING OFFICERS FAILING TO DEFEND [THEIR POSITIONS]
TENACIOUSLY 131
229 ALLOWING TROOPS TO PILLAGE 131
230 FAILING TO TRAIN SOLDIERS 132
231 PROVOKING HONORABLE PERSONS TO REVOLT 132
232 SELLING MILITARY HORSES WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 133
233 SELLING MILITARY EQUIPMENT WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 133
234 DESTROYING OR DISCARDING MILITARY EQUIPMENT 133
235 POSSESSING PROHIBITED MILITARY EQUIPMENT WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 133
236 ALLOWING MILITARY SOLDIERS TO ABANDON
SERVICE 134
237 EMPLOYING MILITARY OFFICERS OR SOLDIERS BY DUKES
OR MARQUISES WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 135
238 OFFICERS OR SOLDIERS FLEEING FROM CAMPAIGNS
OR DEFENSE 135
239 TREATING MILITARY DEPENDENTS PREFERENTIALLY 137
240 CURFEWS 137
SECTION 3 GUARD POSTS AND FORDS 138
241 PASSING GUARD POSTS OR FORDS WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION,
BY CIRCUMVENTION, OR BY DECEPTION 138
242 DECEITFULLY ISSUING TRAVEL PASSES 138
243 CAUSING DIFFICULTIES AT CHECKPOINTS 139
244 SENDING WIVES OR DAUGHTERS OF MILITARY DESERTERS
OUT OF CITIES 140
245 INTERROGATING SPIES 140
246 CROSSING FRONTIERS WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION OR GOING
TO SEA IN VIOLATION OF THE PROHIBITIONS 140
247 EMPLOYING CONSTABLES WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 141
CONTENTS
XVII
SECTION 4 STABLES AND HERDS 141
248 RAISING LIVESTOCK CONTRARY TO LAW 141
249 BREEDING HORSES 142
250 VERIFYING LIVESTOCK INCORRECTLY 142
251 RAISING OR TREATING EMACIATED OR SICK LIVESTOCK
CONTRARY TO LAW 142
252 INJURING GOVERNMENT LIVESTOCK ON THEIR BACKS
OR NECKS WHEN RIDING THEM 142
253 FAILING TO BREAK AND TRAIN GOVERNMENT HORSES 143
254 SLAUGHTERING HORSES AND CATTLE 143
255 LIVESTOCK BITING AND KICKING PEOPLE 145
256 HIDING NEWBORN GOVERNMENT LIVESTOCK 145
257 BORROWING OR LENDING GOVERNMENT LIVESTOCK
WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 145
258 GOVERNMENT MESSENGERS DEMANDING TO BORROW
HORSES 146
SECTION 5 POSTAL RELAY STATIONS 146
259 DELIVERING GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS: [SPEED
OF DELIVERY] 146
260 DELIVERING GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS: [DAMAGED
DOCUMENTS] 146
261 DELIVERING GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS: [INSPECTION
OF POSTAL RELAY STATIONS] 147
262 INTERCEPTING SEALED GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS 147
263 DAMAGED POSTAL RELAY STATION BUILDINGS 148
264 EMPLOYING POSTAL RELAY STATION SOLDIERS WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 148
265 GOVERNMENT MESSENGERS DELAYING IN THEIR MISSION 148
266 EXCESSIVELY USING POSTAL HORSES 149
267 ACCEPTING EXCESSIVE SUPPLIES 149
268 DOCUMENTS THAT SHOULD BE PROVIDED WITH POSTAL RELAY
STATION SERVICES [FOR DELIVERY] BUT ARE NOT PROVIDED 150
269 DELAYING GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS THAT SHOULD BE CARRIED
OUT 150
2JO OCCUPYING THE BEST ROOMS OF POSTAL RELAY STATIONS 151
271 CARRYING PRIVATE ARTICLES WHILE RIDING ON POST HORSES 151
272 MAKING COMMONERS CARRY SEDAN CHAIRS WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 151
273 FAMILY MEMBERS OF OFFICIALS DECEASED FROM ILLNESS
RETURNING TO THEIR HOME VILLAGES 151
XVIII CONTENTS
274 RECEIVING ASSIGNMENTS BUT HIRING OR SENDING OTHERS
TO PERFORM THEM 151
275 CARRYING PRIVATE GOODS WHILE RIDING ON GOVERNMENT
ANIMALS, CARRIAGES, OR BOATS 152
276 BORROWING POST HORSES WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 152
CHAPTER 6
LAWS ON PENAL AFFAIRS 154
SECTION 1 VIOLENCE AND ROBBERY 154
277 PLOTTING REBELLION AND GREAT SEDITION 154
278 PLOTTING TREASON 154
279 MAKING MAGICAL INSCRIPTIONS AND MAGICAL
INCANTATIONS 155
280 STEALING SACRED OBJECTS OF THE SPIRITS DEVOTED
TO THE GREAT SACRIFICES 155
283 STEALING IMPERIAL DECREES 156
282 STEALING SEALS 156
283 STEALING PROPERTY FROM THE PALACE TREASURY 156
284 STEALING KEYS TO CITY GATES 156
285 STEALING MILITARY EQUIPMENT 156
286 STEALING PLANTS OR TREES WITHIN THE IMPERIAL
MAUSOLEUM 157
287 SUPERVISORS OR CUSTODIANS THEMSELVES STEALING
MONEY OR GRAIN FROM GRANARIES OR TREASURIES 157
288 ORDINARY PERSONS STEALING MONEY OR GRAIN
FROM GRANARIES OR TREASURIES 158
289 FORCIBLE ROBBERY 159
290 RESCUING PRISONERS BY FORCE 159
291 FORCIBLY TAKING IN DAYTIME 160
292 THEFT 160
293 STEALING HORSES, CATTLE, AND OTHER LIVESTOCK 162
294 STEALING RICE AND WHEAT FROM FIELDS 162
295 RELATIVES STEALING FROM EACH OTHER 162
296 OBTAINING PROPERTY BY THREATS 163
297 OBTAINING GOVERNMENT OR PRIVATE PROPERTY
BY DECEIT OR CHEATING 163
298 KIDNAPPING PERSONS OR KIDNAPPING AND SELLING
PERSONS 164
299 UNCOVERING GRAVES 165
300 ENTERING OTHERS HOUSES AT NIGHT WITHOUT
REASON 167
CONTENTS
XIX
301 THE HARBORERS OF THIEVES AND ROBBERS 167
302 JOINTLY PLOTTING TO COMMIT ROBBERY 168
303 TAKING GOODS OPENLY OR SECRETLY EACH CONSTITUTES
ROBBERY 169
304 REMOVING TATTOOS 169
SECTION
2 HOMICIDE 169
305 PLOTTING TO KILL OTHERS 169
306 PLOTTING TO KILL IMPERIAL EMISSARIES OR ONE S OWN
SUPERIOR OFFICERS 170
307 PLOTTING TO KILL PATERNAL GRANDPARENTS OR PARENTS 170
308 KILLING ADULTEROUS LOVERS 171
309 PLOTTING TO KILL THE PARENTS OF A DECEASED HUSBAND 171
310 KILLING THREE PERSONS FROM ONE HOUSEHOLD 171
311 EXTRACTING VITALITY BY DISMEMBERING LIVING PERSONS 172
312 KILLING OTHERS BY MAKING OR KEEPING GU POISON 172
313 KILLING OTHERS IN AFFRAYS OR BY INTENTION 173
314 DEPRIVING OTHERS OF CLOTHES OR FOOD 173
315 KILLING OR INJURING OTHERS IN PLAY, BY MISTAKE,
OR BY NEGLIGENCE 173
316 HUSBANDS STRIKING TRANSGRESSING WIVES
OR CONCUBINES TO DEATH 174
317 KILLING SONS, SONS SONS, OR SLAVES AND PUTTING
THE BLAME ON OTHERS 174
318 INJURING OTHERS WITH BOWS AND ARROWS 17S
319 KILLING OR INJURING OTHERS WITH CARRIAGES OR HORSES 175
320 INCOMPETENT PHYSICIANS KILLING OR INJURING OTHERS 176
321 KILLING OR INJURING OTHERS WITH SPRING BOWS 176
322 USING COERCION TO CAUSE OTHERS TO DIE 176
323 MAKING PRIVATE SETTLEMENTS WHEN SUPERIOR
OR OLDER RELATIVES ARE KILLED BY OTHERS 177
324 KNOWING COMPANIONS PLOT TO HARM 177
SECTION
3 AFFRAYS AND BATTERIES 177
325 AFFRAYS AND BATTERIES 177
326 THE PERIOD OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR CRIMES 179
327 QUARRELING WITHIN THE PALACE 180
328 STRIKING THE IMPERIAL RELATIVES WITHIN THE SIXTH DEGREE
OF MO URNING 180
329 STRIKING IMPERIAL EMISSARIES OR ONE S OWN HEAD
OFFICIALS 180
XX CONTENTS
330 ASSOCIATE OR OTHER SUBORDINATE OFFICIALS STRIKING
HEAD OFFICIALS 181
331 SUPERIOR OFFICIALS AND SUBORDINATE OFFICIALS STRIKING
EACH OTHER 181
332 OFFICIALS OF THE NINTH RANK OR ABOVE STRIKING
HEAD OFFICIALS 182
333 RESISTING OR STRIKING PERSONS SENT TO COLLECT TAXES
OR TO DIRECT OFFICIAL TASKS 182
334 STRIKING TEACHERS FROM WHOM [THE OFFENDERS] RECEIVE
THEIR EDUCATION 182
335 USING COERCION OR PHYSICAL STRENGTH TO RESTRAIN
OR BIND OTHERS 182
336 HONORABLE AND MEAN PERSONS STRIKING EACH OTHER 183
337 SLAVES STRIKING HOUSEHOLD HEADS 183
338 WIVES OR CONCUBINES STRIKING HUSBANDS 185
339 RELATIVES OF THE SAME SURNAME STRIKING EACH
OTHER 186
340 STRIKING SUPERIOR OR OLDER RELATIVES OF THE THIRD
MOURNING DEGREE OR MORE DISTANT 186
341 STRIKING SUPERIOR OR OLDER RELATIVES OF THE SECOND
MOURNING DEGREE 187
342 STRIKING PATERNAL GRANDPARENTS OR PARENTS 187
343 WIVES OR CONCUBINES AND HUSBANDS RELATIVES
STRIKING EACH OTHER 188
344 STRIKING SONS OF WIVES BY THEIR FORMER HUSBANDS 189
345 WIVES OR CONCUBINES STRIKING PARENTS OF DECEASED
HUSBANDS 190
346 WHEN FATHER OR PATERNAL GRANDFATHER IS STRUCK 190
SECTION 4 CURSING 190
347 CURSING OTHERS 190
348 CURSING IMPERIAL EMISSARIES OR ONE S OWN HEAD
OFFICIAL 190
349 ASSOCIATE OR OTHER SUBORDINATE OFFICIALS CURSING
HEAD OFFICIALS 191
350 SLAVES CURSING HOUSEHOLD HEADS 191
351 CURSING SUPERIOR OR OLDER RELATIVES 191
352 CURSING PATERNAL GRANDPARENTS OR PARENTS 192
353 WIVES OR CONCUBINES CURSING HUSBANDS SUPERIOR
OR OLDER RELATIVES OF THE SECOND MOURNING DEGREE 192
354 WIVES OR CONCUBINES CURSING PARENTS OF DECEASED
HUSBANDS 192
CONTENTS XXJ
SECTION 5 ACCUSATIONS AND SUITS 192
355 LITIGATION BYPASSING APPROPRIATE JURISDICTION 192
356 MAKING ANONYMOUS WRITTEN ACCUSATIONS
OF OFFENSES AGAINST OTHERS 193
357 NOT ACCEPTING AND ACTING ON ACCUSATIONS 193
358 WITHDRAWING FROM TRYING CASES 194
359 MAKING FALSE ACCUSATIONS 195
360 VIOLATING STATUS AND OFFENDING AGAINST RIGHTEOUSNESS 198
361 SONS OR SONS SONS VIOLATING INSTRUCTIONAL ORDERS 200
362 PRISONERS ARE NOT PERMITTED TO MAKE ACCUSATIONS
REGARDING OTHERS MATTERS TO THE AUTHORITIES 200
363 INSTIGATING LITIGATION 201
364 COORDINATING LITIGATION INVOLVING MILITARY PERSONNEL
AND CIVILIANS 201
365 FAMILY MEMBERS LODGING ACCUSATIONS ON BEHALF
OF OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONARIES 201
366 FALSE ACCUSATIONS OF OFFENSES PUNISHABLE BY MILITARY
EXILE OR BANISHMENT 202
SECTION 6 ACCEPTING ILLICIT GOODS 202
367 OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONARIES ACCEPTING PROPERTY 202
368 COMMITTING CRIMES INVOLVING ILLICIT GOODS OBTAINED
THROUGH MALFEASANCE 204
369 ACCEPTING PROPERTY AFTER COMPLETING THE MATTERS 205
370 SEEKING FAVORABLE DECISIONS OF MATTERS BY OFFERING
PROPERTY 205
371 OFFICIALS EXTORTING OR BORROWING PROPERTY FROM
OTHERS 206
372 HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS [OF OFFICIALS] EXTORTING
[PROPERTY] 207
373 SURVEILLANCE OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONARIES COMMITTING
OFFENSES INVOLVING ILLICIT GOODS 207
374 MAKING UNAUTHORIZED COLLECTIONS FOR PUBLIC
BENEFIT 207
375 PRIVATELY ACCEPTING PROPERTY FROM DUKES
OR MARQUISES 207
376 RETAINING STOLEN GOODS 208
377 OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONARIES PERMITTING PROMISES
OF PROPERTY 208
XXII
CONTENTS
SECTION 7
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
DECEIVING AND COUNTERFEITING 208
COUNTERFEITING IMPERIAL RESCRIPTS 208
DECEITFULLY TRANSMITTING IMPERIAL DECREES 209
REPLYING TO OR MEMORIALIZING THE EMPEROR
UNTRUTHFULLY 210
COUNTERFEITING ITEMS SUCH AS SEALS AND ALMANACS 210
COUNTERFEITING TREASURE PAPER CURRENCY 210
PRIVATELY CASTING COPPER CASH 211
DECEITFULLY IMPERSONATING OFFICIALS 212
DECEITFULLY CLAIMING TO BE PALACE ATTENDANTS
OR OTHER OFFICIALS 212
COURT ATTENDANTS DECEITFULLY CLAIMING TO BE
ON PRIVATE MISSIONS 213
DECEITFULLY MAKING FALSE AUSPICIOUS PORTENTS 213
AVOIDING DUTIES BY FEIGNING ILLNESS, DEATH,
OR INJURY 213
DECEITFULLY ENTICING OTHERS TO VIOLATE THE LAW 213
SECTION
8 COMMITTING FORNICATION 214
390 COMMITTING FORNICATION 214
391 FACILITATING AND TOLERATING WIVES OR CONCUBINES
TO COMMIT FORNICATION 214
392 COMMITTING FORNICATION WITH RELATIVES 215
393 FALSELY ACCUSING FATHERS-IN-LAW OF FORNICATION 216
394 SLAVES OR HIRED LABORERS COMMITTING FORNICATION
WITH HOUSEHOLD HEADS WIVES 216
395 COMMITTING FORNICATION WITH WIVES OR DAUGHTERS
OF SUBORDINATES 216
396 COMMITTING FORNICATION DURING THE PERIOD OF MOURNING
OR BY BUDDHIST OR DAOIST CLERGY 217
397 HONORABLE AND MEAN PERSONS COMMITTING
FORNICATION WITH EACH OTHER 217
398 OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONARIES SLEEPING WITH ENTERTAINERS 217
399 PURCHASING HONORABLE PERSONS TO BE ENTERTAINERS 217
SECTION
9 MISCELLANEOUS OFFENSES 218
400 DESTROYING EXHIBITION PAVILIONS 218
401 FURNISHING MEDICAL CARE AND MEDICINE TO ARTISANS
AND SOLDIERS WHO ARE SICK 218
402 GAMBLING 218
403 CASTRATING OTHERS 218
CONTENTS
XXIN
404 SEEKING FAVORS IN PUBLIC MATTERS 218
405 PRIVATELY SETTLING PUBLIC MATTERS 219
406 ACCIDENTALLY SETTING FIRES 219
407 DELIBERATELY SETTING FIRES AND BURNING OTHERS
HOUSES 220
408 THEATRICAL PERFORMANCES 220
409 VIOLATING THE COMMANDMENT 221
410 DOING WHAT OUGHT NOT TO BE DONE 221
SECTION
10 ARRESTS AND ESCAPES 221
411 PURSUING AND ARRESTING CRIMINALS BY THOSE WHO
ARE CHARGED WITH THE DUTY OF ARREST 221
412 CRIMINALS RESISTING ARREST 222
413 IMPRISONED CRIMINALS ESCAPING FROM PRISONS OR USING
FORCE TO BREAK OUT OF PRISONS AND RUNNING AWAY 222
414 CRIMINALS UNDER PENAL SERVITUDE OR LIFE EXILE RUNNING
AWAY 222
415 DELAYING IN SENDING PRISONERS 223
416 CUSTODIANS NOT DISCOVERING THE ESCAPE OF PRISONERS 224
417 KNOWING THE CIRCUMSTANCES AND CONCEALING
CRIMINALS 225
418 TIME LIMIT FOR ARRESTING ROBBERS AND THIEVES 225
SECTION
11 JUDGMENT AND IMPRISONMENT 226
419 NOT IMPRISONING CRIMINALS WHO SHOULD BE
IMPRISONED 226
420 DELIBERATELY IMPRISONING OR INTERROGATING INNOCENT
PERSONS 226
421 PROLONGING IMPRISONMENT 227
422 MISTREATING PRISONERS 228
423 GIVING PRISONERS EDGED METAL TOOLS THAT CAN
BE USED TO FREE THEMSELVES 228
424 CUSTODIANS INSTRUCTING PRISONERS TO CONTRADICT
THEIR CONFESSIONS 229
425 PRISONERS CLOTHING AND FOOD 229
426 WHEN MERITORIOUS OFFICIALS ARE IMPRISONED,
THEIR RELATIVES MAY VISIT THEM 230
427 PRISONERS SENTENCED TO DEATH ORDERING OTHERS
TO KILL THEM 230
428 OLD AND YOUNG PERSONS ARE NOT PUT TO JUDICIAL
TORTURE 230
XXIV CONTENTS
429 DETAINING PRISONERS DURING INTERROGATIONS TO WAIT
FOR DIRECT CONFRONTATION 231
430 JUDGING CASES IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE SPECIFICATIONS
IN THE COMPLAINTS 232
431 COMPLAINANTS NOT BEING RELEASED AFTER THE TRIAL IS
COMPLETED 232
432 PRISONERS FALSELY ACCUSING INNOCENT PERSONS 232
433 OFFICIALS EXONERATING THE GUILTY OR IMPLICATING
THE INNOCENT 233
434 REVERSING UNJUST JUDGMENTS 235
435 THE DEGREES OF COMPETENCE OF OFFICIALS HAVING
JURISDICTION FOR EXECUTING [SENTENCES] OF PRISONERS 235
436 EXAMINING WOUNDS ON CORPSES AND MAKING UNTRUE
REPORTS 236
437 ADMINISTERING PENALTIES NOT IN ACCORDANCE WITH
THE LAW 237
438 HEAD OFFICIALS OR EMISSARIES COMMITTING OFFENSES 238
439 CITING THE CODE AND THE COMMANDMENT IN DECIDING
PENALTIES 238
440 OBTAINING PRISONERS ACCEPTANCE OF PUNISHMENT
OR PETITION FOR REVISION 238
441 INCORRECTLY DECIDING PENALTIES BEFORE AMNESTIES 239
442 HEARING THAT THERE WILL BE AMNESTIES
AND DELIBERATELY COMMITTING CRIMES 239
443 PRISONERS SENTENCED TO PENAL SERVITUDE FAILING
TO PERFORM LABOR SERVICES 239
444 WOMEN COMMITTING CRIMES 240
445 AWAITING REPLIES TO MEMORIALS CONCERNING PRISONERS
SENTENCED TO DEATH 240
446 DECIDING PENALTIES INCORRECTLY 241
447 FUNCTIONARIES WRITING CONFESSIONS FOR [THE ACCUSED] 241
CHAPTER 7
LAWS ON PUBLIC WORKS 243
SECTION
1 CONSTRUCTIONS AND MANUFACTURES 243
448 ENGAGING IN CONSTRUCTIONS AND MANUFACTURES
WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 243
449 WASTING LABOR IN PROCURING [THINGS] THAT CANNOT
BE USED 243
450 ENGAGING IN CONSTRUCTIONS AND MANUFACTURES CONTRARY
TO THE LAW 244
CONTENTS XXV
451 FRAUDULENTLY TAKING EXCESSIVE MATERIALS 244
452 BRINGING IN [PRIVATE] MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING
THEM INTO SILK CLOTH 244
453 WEAVING SILK CLOTH WITH PROHIBITED DESIGNS
OF DRAGONS AND PHOENIXES 245
454 EXCEEDING TIME LIMITS FOR MANUFACTURE 245
455 REPAIRING GRANARIES OR TREASURIES 245
456 OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONARIES HAVING AUTHORITY
BUT NOT RESIDING IN PUBLIC OFFICE BUILDINGS 246
SECTION
2 DIKES 246
457 BREACHING DIKES THROUGH THEFT 246
458 FAILING TO REPAIR DIKES AT THE PROPER TIME 246
459 ENCROACHING ON PUBLIC STREETS AND ROADS 247
460 REPAIRING BRIDGES AND ROADS 247
GLOSSARY 249
BIBLIOGRAPHY 293
GENERAL INDEX 301
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| adam_txt |
CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS XXVII
NOTE ON THE TRANSLATION XXIX
MING UNITS OF MEASURE AND MONEY XXXI
INTRODUCTION: THE MAKING OF THE GREAT MING CODE XXXIII
THE GREAT MING CODE
THE IMPERIAL PREFACE TO THE GREAT MING CODE 3
DIAGRAMS 5
THE FIVE PUNISHMENTS 6
THE PENAL INSTRUMENTS 7
GENERAL MOURNING DEGREES 8
FORMAL MOURNING DEGREES FOR THE RELATIVES OF NINE GENERATIONS
AND FIVE MOURNING DEGREES WITHIN ONE'S OWN LINEAGE 9
WIFE'S MOURNING DEGREES FOR HUSBAND'S RELATIVES 11
CONCUBINE'S MOURNING DEGREES FOR HOUSEHOLD HEAD'S RELATIVES 12
MARRIED DAUGHTER'S REDUCED MOURNING DEGREES FOR HER OWN
LINEAGE 12
MOURNING DEGREES FOR EXTERNAL RELATIVES 13
MOURNING DEGREES FOR WIFE'S RELATIVES 13
MOURNING DEGREES FOR THREE FATHERS AND EIGHT MOTHERS 14
SIX TYPES OF ILLICIT GOODS 15
THE MEANINGS OF EIGHT CHARACTERS AS USED IN THE GENERA] PRINCIPLES 16
CHAPTER 1
LAWS ON PUNISHMENTS AND GENERAL PRINCIPLES 17
1 THE FIVE PUNISHMENTS 17
2 THE TEN ABOMINATIONS 18
3 THE EIGHT DELIBERATIONS 19
VU
VIII CONTENTS
4 COMMITTING CRIMES BY THOSE ENTITLED TO THE EIGHT
DELIBERATIONS 20
5 COMMITTING CRIMES BY OFFICIALS 20
6 COMMITTING CRIMES BY MILITARY OFFICERS 21
7 COMMITTING PUBLIC CRIMES BY CIVIL OR MILITARY
OFFICIALS 2I
8 COMMITTING PRIVATE CRIMES BY CIVIL OR MILITARY
OFFICIALS 22
9 COMMITTING CRIMES BY THE PARENTS OR PATERNAL GRAND-
PARENTS OF THOSE ENTITLED TO THE EIGHT DELIBERATIONS 23
10 COMMITTING CRIMES BY MILITARY OFFICERS OR SOLDIERS WHO
SHALL BE EXEMPTED FROM PENAL SERVITUDE OR LIFE EXILE 24
11 COMMITTING CRIMES FOR WHICH PENALTIES MAY BE
CUMULATIVELY REDUCED 24
12 LEAVING OFFICES FOR LEGITIMATE REASONS 25
13 COMMITTING CRIMES BY THOSE WHO HAVE NOT YET
BECOME OFFICIALS 25
14 DISENROLLMENT AND LABOR SERVICE 26
25 FAMILIES OF THOSE PUNISHED BY LIFE EXILE 26
16 CRIMES THAT SHALL NOT BE PARDONED UNDER THE GENERAL
AMNESTY 27
17 THOSE PUNISHED BY PENAL SERVITUDE OR LIFE EXILE ARE
EN ROUTE WHEN THE AMNESTY IS PROCLAIMED 28
18 COMMITTING CRIMES AND REMAINING AT HOME TO CARE
FOR RELATIVES 28
19 COMMITTING CRIMES BY GOVERNMENT ARTISANS, MUSICIANS,
AND WOMEN 29
20 COMMITTING CRIMES AGAIN BY THOSE PUNISHED BY PENAL
SERVITUDE OR LIFE EXILE 29
21 REDEEMING PUNISHMENT BY THOSE WHO ARE AGED,
JUVENILE, OR DISABLED 30
22 COMMITTING CRIMES BEFORE BECOMING AGED OR MAIMED 31
23 RESTITUTION AND CONFISCATION OF ILLICIT GOODS 32
24 VOLUNTARY CONFESSION OF CRIMES 34
25 SENTENCING ON THE BASIS OF THE PUNISHMENT FOR THE
MORE SERIOUS CRIME WHEN TWO CRIMES ARE DISCOVERED
TOGETHER 36
26 FLEEING TOGETHER AFTER COMMITTING CRIMES 37
27 COMMITTING PUBLIC CRIMES BY THOSE IN THE SAME
OFFICE 38
28 MAKING ERRORS IN PUBLIC MATTERS 39
29 DISTINGUISHING PRINCIPALS AND ACCESSORIES IN JOINT
CRIMES 40
CONTENTS BE
30 FLEEING WHEN CRIMES ARE DISCOVERED 41
31 MUTUAL CONCEALMENT BY RELATIVES 41
32 COMMITTING CAPITAL CRIMES BY FUNCTIONARIES 42
33 EXECUTING MILITARY PERSONNEL GUILTY OF TREASON 42
34 KILLING MILITARY PERSONNEL 43
35 MILITARY PERSONNEL AND CIVILIANS RESIDING IN THE
CAPITAL WHO COMMIT CRIMES 43
36 COMMITTING CRIMES BY PERSONS BEYOND THE PALE
OF CIVILIZATION 43
37 SPECIFIC ARTICLES HAVING DIFFERENT REGULATIONS FOR
PUNISHMENT 43
38 PRINCIPLES FOR INCREASING AND REDUCING PUNISHMENTS 44
39 THE TERMS "SEDAN CHAIR" AND "CARRIAGE" 45
40 THE TERMS "RELATIVES OF MOURNING FOR ONE YEAR"
AND "PATERNAL GRANDPARENTS" 45
41 THE TERM "SHALL BE PUNISHED BY THE SAME PENALTY" 45
42 THE TERMS "SUPERVISORS " AND "CUSTODIANS" 46
43 THE TERM "DAY" AS BEING ONE HUNDRED UNITS 46
44 THE TERMS "DAOIST PRIESTS" AND "DAOIST NUNS" 47
45 DECIDING PENALTIES IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE NEWLY
PROMULGATED CODE 47
46 DECIDING CASES WITHOUT SPECIFIC ARTICLES 47
47 PLACES FOR PENAL SERVITUDE, LIFE EXILE, AND BANISHMENT 47
CHAPTER 2
LAWS ON PERSONNEL 52
SECTION
1 ADMINISTRATIVE INSTITUTIONS 52
48 SELECTING MILITARY POSTS 52
49 SELECTING OFFICIALS BY HIGH OFFICIALS WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 52
50 CIVIL OFFICIALS SHALL NOT BE DESIGNATED AS DUKES
OR MARQUISES 53
51 OFFICIALS' PROTECTION PRIVILEGE 53
52 APPOINTING TOO MANY OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONARIES 54
53 RECOMMENDING INAPPROPRIATE PERSONS 54
54 RECOMMENDING OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONARIES WHO HAVE
TRANSGRESSED 55
55 LEAVING OFFICIAL APPOINTMENTS OR EMPLOYMENTS WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 55
56 EXCEEDING THE TIME LIMIT BY OFFICIALS WHEN GOING
TO THEIR POSTS 55
X CONTENTS
57 FAILING TO ATTEND AUDIENCES AT THE COURT OR TO FILL OFFICIAL
POSTS WITHOUT REASON 56
58 SUMMONING SUBORDINATE OFFICIALS WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 56
$9 CAREER RECORDS OF OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONARIES 57
60 TREACHEROUS CLIQUES 58
61 ASSOCIATING WITH COURT ATTENDANT OFFICIALS 58
62 MEMORIALIZING IN PRAISE OF THE VIRTUES AND ACHIEVEMENTS
OF HIGH OFFICIALS 58
SECTION
2 OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS 59
63 EXPLAINING AND READING THE CODE AND COMMANDMENT 59
64 VIOLATING IMPERIAL EDICTS 59
65 DISCARDING OR DESTROYING IMPERIAL EDICTS OR OFFICIAL
SEALS 60
66 [LOSING IMPERIAL EDICTS] 60
67 MISTAKENLY VIOLATING NAME TABOOS IN MEMORIALS
OR STATEMENTS TO THE THRONE 61
68 NOT MEMORIALIZING MATTERS THAT OUGHT TO BE
MEMORIALIZED 61
69 NOT RETURNING AFTER BEING SENT ON MISSIONS WITH
IMPERIAL EDICTS 62
70 DIVULGING IMPORTANT MILITARY INFORMATION 63
71 DELAYING TRANSMITTING OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS 63
72 INSPECTING DOCUMENTARY FILES 64
7} REVIEWING DOCUMENTARY FILES 64
74 COLLEAGUES AFFIXING DATES OR SIGNATURES TO DOCUMENTARY
FILES ON OTHERS BEHALF 65
75 ADDING TO OR SUBTRACTING FROM OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS 65
76 COVERING UP AND KEEPING SEALS 66
77 OMITTING TO AFFIX SEALS 66
78 OMITTING TO EMPLOY SEALS ON PAPER CURRENCY 67
79 EMPLOYING SEALS OF TRANSFERRING TROOPS WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 67
80 WARRANTS 67
CHAPTER 3
LAWS ON REVENUE 69
SECTION
1 HOUSEHOLDS AND CORVEE SERVICES 69
81 OMITTING TO REGISTER HOUSEHOLDS OR HOUSEHOLD
MEMBERS 69
CONTENTS XI
82 HOUSEHOLDS SHOULD BE ESTABLISHED ACCORDING TO THE
REGISTERS 70
83 ESTABLISHING BUDDHIST OR DAOIST MONASTERIES WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION AND ORDAINING BUDDHIST OR DAOIST PRIESTS
WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 71
84 ILLEGALLY DESIGNATING WIVES' SONS [AS HEIRS] 71
85 TAKING STRAY CHILDREN 72
86 UNEQUALLY LEVYING TAXES AND CORVEE SERVICES 73
87 UNEQUALLY ASSIGNING [CORVEE SERVICES TO] ABLE-BODIED
ADULT MALES 73
88 HIDING [PERSONS FROM] CORVEE SERVICES 73
89 PROHIBITION [AGAINST FRAUDULENTLY CLAIMING TO BE]
SECURITY GROUP CHIEFS OR COMMUNITY HEADS 74
90 FLEEING TO EVADE CORVEE SERVICES 74
91 APPOINTING PRISON GUARDS 75
92 PRIVATELY EMPLOYING COMMONERS OR GOVERNMENT
ARTISANS UNDER ONE'S JURISDICTION TO PERFORM
SERVICES 75
93 ESTABLISHING SEPARATE HOUSEHOLD REGISTERS OR DIVIDING
THE FAMILY PROPERTY 76
514 INFERIOR OR YOUNGER FAMILY MEMBERS MAKING USE
OF FAMILY PROPERTY WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 76
95 SUPPORTING ORPHANS AND ELDERLY PERSONS 76
SECTION
2 FIELDS AND HOUSES 76
96 FRAUDULENTLY CONCEALING FIELDS AND THEIR PRODUCE 76
97 INSPECTING FIELDS AND THEIR PRODUCE DAMAGED BY NATURAL
CALAMITIES 77
98 MERITORIOUS OFFICIALS' FIELDS 78
99 FRAUDULENTLY SELLING FIELDS AND HOUSES 78
100 PURCHASING FIELDS OR HOUSES [BY OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONAR-
IES] IN THE LOCATIONS OF THEIR SERVICE 79
101 PURCHASING FIELDS OR HOUSES BY MORTGAGE 79
102 FRAUDULENTLY CULTIVATING GOVERNMENT OR PRIVATE
LAND 80
103 ALLOWING LAND TO GO UNCULTIVATED 80
104 DISCARDING OR DESTROYING THINGS SUCH AS UTENSILS
OR CROPS 81
105 EATING MELONS OR FRUITS OF GARDENS OR ORCHARDS
WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 81
106 BORROWING GOVERNMENT CARRIAGES OR BOATS WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 81
XII CONTENTS
SECTION
3 MARRIAGES 82
107 MARRIAGES OF MEN AND WOMEN 82
108 MORTGAGING OR RENTING OUT WIVES OR DAUGHTERS 83
109 DISORDERING WIVES AND CONCUBINES 83
110 EXPELLING SONS-IN-LAW AND MARRYING OFF" DAUGHTERS 84
111 MARRYING OFF OR TAKING IN MARRIAGE DURING
THE MOURNING PERIOD 84
112 MARRYING OFF OR TAKING IN MARRIAGE WHILE PARENTS ARE
IMPRISONED 85
113 MARRYING PERSONS WITH THE SAME SURNAME 85
114 MARRYING SUPERIOR OR INFERIOR RELATIVES 85
115 MARRYING RELATIVES' WIVES OR CONCUBINES 85
116 MARRYING WOMEN OR DAUGHTERS OF THOSE UNDER
[THE OFFICIALS'] JURISDICTION AS WIVES OR CONCUBINES 86
117 MARRYING RUNAWAY WOMEN 86
118 FORCIBLY SEIZING WIVES OR DAUGHTERS OF HONORABLE
FAMILIES 87
119 MARRYING MUSICIANS AS WIVES OR CONCUBINES 87
120 BUDDHIST OR DAOIST PRIESTS TAKING WIVES 87
121 MARRIAGES BETWEEN HONORABLE AND MEAN PERSONS 87
122 MARRIAGES BY MONGOLS AND SEMU PEOPLE 88
123 REPUDIATING WIVES 88
124 PUNISHMENTS FOR MATCHMAKERS AND OTHERS WHO ARRANGE
MARRIAGES THAT VIOLATE THE CODE 89
SECTION
4 GRANARIES AND TREASURIES 90
125 RULES OF PAPER CURRENCY 90
126 RULES OF COINAGE 91
127 VIOLATING THE TIME LIMITS IN COLLECTING GRAIN TAXES 91
128 COLLECTING TOO MUCH GRAIN TAX ABOVE THE LEVEL OF THE
GRAIN MEASURES 92
129 CONCEALING OR CONSUMING TAX PAID IN GRAIN OR OTHER
TAXABLE MATERIALS 92
130 MONOPOLIZING PAYMENT OF TAX PAID IN GRAIN 92
131 FRAUDULENTLY ISSUING INVOICES OR RECEIPTS 93
132 SECRETLY USING EXCESS MONEY OR GRAIN TO MAKE UP
DEFICITS 93
133 BORROWING MONEY OR GRAIN WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 94
134 BORROWING GOVERNMENT OBJECTS WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 94
135 DIVERTING [ITEMS] IN EXPENDITURES OR RECEIPTS 94
CONTENTS
XNI
136 DECEITFULLY EMBEZZLING BY WEIGHERS IN GRANARIES
AND EMPLOYEES 95
137 FRAUDULENTLY ISSUING GOVERNMENT GRAIN 95
138 WATCHING EACH OTHER FOR MONEY AND GRAIN 95
139 FAILING TO DISCOVER THEFT IN GRANARIES AND TREASURIES 96
140 WAITING FOR MONEY AND GRAIN TO BE EXPENDED AND
OPENING OFFICIAL SEALS WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 96
141 VIOLATING [RULES] IN ISSUING OR RECEIVING GOVERNMENT
GOODS 96
142 CREATING OBSTRUCTIONS IN RECEIVING OR ISSUING
[GOVERNMENT GOODS] 97
143 DELIVERING GOLD OR SILVER IN STANDARD PURITY 97
144 DAMAGING GOODS IN GRANARIES OR TREASURIES 97
145 TRANSMITTING GOVERNMENT GOODS 98
146 DECIDING THE SEIZURE OF ILLICIT GOODS IMPROPERLY 99
147 GUARDING GOODS IN THE HANDS OF THE GOVERNMENT 99
148 CONCEALING HOUSEHOLD GOODS THAT GO TO THE
GOVERNMENT 99
SECTION
5 TAXES 100
149- THE SALT RULES [TWELVE ARTICLES] 100
60 [UNTITLED ARTICLES] 100-103
161 SUPERVISORY [OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONARIES] OR POWERFUL
PERSONS ENGAGING IN SALT TRANSACTIONS 103
162 OBSTRUCTING THE SALT LAWS 103
163 ILLEGAL TRANSACTIONS IN TEA 104
164 ILLEGAL TRANSACTIONS IN ALUM 104
165 EVADING TAXES 104
166 MARITIME MERCHANTS HIDING GOODS 104
167 HOUSEHOLDS FAILING TO PAY TAXES 104
SECTION
6 MONETARY OBLIGATIONS 105
168 TAKING INTEREST IN VIOLATION OF PROHIBITIONS 105
169 CONSUMING PROPERTY RECEIVED IN DEPOSIT 106
170 FINDING LOST OBJECTS 106
SECTION 7 MARKETS 107
171 FILLING POSITIONS OF COMMISSION AGENTS OR PORT MASTERS
WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 107
172 ASSESSING PRICES OF MERCHANDISE BY MARKET
AUTHORITIES 107
XIV CONTENTS
173 MONOPOLIZING MARKETS 108
174 MANUFACTURING VOLUME MEASURES, WEIGHTS,
OR LINEAR MEASURES WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 108
275 FAILING TO MANUFACTURE UTENSILS AND TEXTILES
IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE RULES 109
CHAPTER 4
LAWS ON RITUALS
110
SECTION 1 SACRIFICES 110
176 SACRIFICES AND IMPERIAL ANCESTOR WORSHIP 110
177 DESTROYING MOUNDS OR ALTARS FOR GREAT SACRIFICES 111
178 PERFORMING SACRIFICES TO SPIRITS RECORDED IN
THE SACRIFICIAL CANON 111
179 THE MAUSOLEUMS OF RULERS OF PREVIOUS DYNASTIES 111
180 PROFANING THE SPIRITS 112
181 PROHIBITING SORCERY OF WIZARDS AND WITCHES 112
SECTION 2 CEREMONIAL REGULATIONS 113
182 PREPARING IMPERIAL MEDICINE 113
383 CLOTHING OR PERSONAL OBJECTS OF THE "SEDAN CHAIR" 113
184 COLLECTING AND KEEPING PROSCRIBED BOOKS AND PRACTICING
ASTRONOMY WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 114
185 CLOTHING AND OBJECTS BESTOWED BY THE EMPEROR 114
186 MAKING ERRORS IN IMPERIAL AUDIENCES OR CONGRATULATORY
CEREMONIES 114
187 MISBEHAVING DURING CEREMONIES 114
188 FAILING TO OBSERVE THE PROPER PROCEDURE IN MAKING
RESPONSES TO THE THRONE 115
189 OBSTRUCTING OTHERS FROM ATTENDING COURT AUDIENCES 115
190 SENDING MEMORIALS OR MAKING STATEMENTS TO THE
THRONE 115
391 INCUMBENT OFFICIALS ERECTING STELE WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 116
192 PROHIBITION AGAINST GREETING AND BIDDING FAREWELL 116
193 OFFICIAL MESSENGERS INSULTING SENIOR OFFICIALS 116
194 VIOLATING SUMPTUARY REGULATIONS ON CLOTHING AND
HOUSES 116
195 BUDDHIST AND DAOIST PRIESTS HONORING PARENTS 117
196 FAILING TO PROPHESY HEAVENLY PORTENTS 117
197 SOOTHSAYERS RECKLESSLY PREDICTING DISASTER OR GOOD
FORTUNE 117
CONTENTS
XV
198 CONCEALING THE DEATH OF PARENTS OR HUSBANDS 118
199 ABANDONING RELATIVES TO TAKE GOVERNMENT
OFFICES 118
200 FUNERALS 119
201 COMMUNITY WINE-DRINKING CEREMONIES 119
CHAPTER 5
LAWS ON MILITARY AFFAIRS 120
SECTION
1 GUARDING PALACES 120
202 ENTERING THE GATES OF THE IMPERIAL ANCESTRAL TEMPLE
WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 120
203 ENTERING THE GATES OF PALACES AND HALLS WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 120
204 SUBSTITUTING IMPERIAL BODYGUARDS OR PALACE GUARDS
WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 121
205 DELAYING IN ESCORTING THE "CARRIAGE" 121
206 WALKING ON THE IMPERIAL PATHWAY 122
207 SUBSTITUTING SERVICES BY CRAFTSMEN WORKING
IN THE PALACE TREASURY 122
208 FAILING TO LEAVE PALACES OR HALLS AFTER THE CONSTRUCTIONS
OR MANUFACTURES ARE COMPLETED 122
209 LEAVING OR ENTERING PALACE OR HALL GATES WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 123
210 CONTROLLING IDENTIFICATION PASSES OF PALACE EUNUCHS
WHO ENTER OR LEAVE 123
211 SHOOTING ARROWS AT PALACES OR HALLS 124
212 ARMS OF IMPERIAL GUARDS 124
213 PROHIBITING THOSE WHO HAVE BEEN CONVICTED FROM
SERVING AS IMPERIAL GUARDS 124
214 INTRUDING INTO THE IMPERIAL PROCESSION: [FAILING
TO AVOID THE IMPERIAL PROCESSION] 125
215 INTRUDING INTO THE IMPERIAL PROCESSION: [APPEALING
FOR REDRESS OF WRONGS THAT ARE NOT TRUE] 125
216 INTRUDING INTO THE IMPERIAL PROCESSION: [FAILING
TO GUARD AGAINST DOMESTIC ANIMALS] 125
217 THE CAMP GATES OF THE IMPERIAL TRAVELING
PALACES 125
218 CLIMBING OVER CITY WALLS 126
219 LOCKING GATES THROUGH WHICH PASSING IS
PROHIBITED 126
220 CARRYING IDENTIFICATION TABLETS 126
XVI
CONTENTS
SECTION 2 MILITARY ADMINISTRATION 127
221 MOVING GOVERNMENT TROOPS WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 127
222 REPORTING MILITARY MATTERS 128
223 REPORTING MILITARY INFORMATION AT FULL SPEED 129
224 REQUESTING MILITARY SUPPLIES AT THE FRONTIERS 129
225 LOSSES OR MISTAKES IN MILITARY OPERATIONS 129
226 VIOLATING THE TIME LIMIT IN FOLLOWING [ORDERS]
TO GO ON CAMPAIGNS 130
227 ARRANGING FOR SUBSTITUTES IN SERVICE BY MILITARY
SOLDIERS 130
228 COMMANDING OFFICERS FAILING TO DEFEND [THEIR POSITIONS]
TENACIOUSLY 131
229 ALLOWING TROOPS TO PILLAGE 131
230 FAILING TO TRAIN SOLDIERS 132
231 PROVOKING HONORABLE PERSONS TO REVOLT 132
232 SELLING MILITARY HORSES WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 133
233 SELLING MILITARY EQUIPMENT WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 133
234 DESTROYING OR DISCARDING MILITARY EQUIPMENT 133
235 POSSESSING PROHIBITED MILITARY EQUIPMENT WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 133
236 ALLOWING MILITARY SOLDIERS TO ABANDON
SERVICE 134
237 EMPLOYING MILITARY OFFICERS OR SOLDIERS BY DUKES
OR MARQUISES WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 135
238 OFFICERS OR SOLDIERS FLEEING FROM CAMPAIGNS
OR DEFENSE 135
239 TREATING MILITARY DEPENDENTS PREFERENTIALLY 137
240 CURFEWS 137
SECTION 3 GUARD POSTS AND FORDS 138
241 PASSING GUARD POSTS OR FORDS WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION,
BY CIRCUMVENTION, OR BY DECEPTION 138
242 DECEITFULLY ISSUING TRAVEL PASSES 138
243 CAUSING DIFFICULTIES AT CHECKPOINTS 139
244 SENDING WIVES OR DAUGHTERS OF MILITARY DESERTERS
OUT OF CITIES 140
245 INTERROGATING SPIES 140
246 CROSSING FRONTIERS WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION OR GOING
TO SEA IN VIOLATION OF THE PROHIBITIONS 140
247 EMPLOYING CONSTABLES WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 141
CONTENTS
XVII
SECTION 4 STABLES AND HERDS 141
248 RAISING LIVESTOCK CONTRARY TO LAW 141
249 BREEDING HORSES 142
250 VERIFYING LIVESTOCK INCORRECTLY 142
251 RAISING OR TREATING EMACIATED OR SICK LIVESTOCK
CONTRARY TO LAW 142
252 INJURING GOVERNMENT LIVESTOCK ON THEIR BACKS
OR NECKS WHEN RIDING THEM 142
253 FAILING TO BREAK AND TRAIN GOVERNMENT HORSES 143
254 SLAUGHTERING HORSES AND CATTLE 143
255 LIVESTOCK BITING AND KICKING PEOPLE 145
256 HIDING NEWBORN GOVERNMENT LIVESTOCK 145
257 BORROWING OR LENDING GOVERNMENT LIVESTOCK
WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 145
258 GOVERNMENT MESSENGERS DEMANDING TO BORROW
HORSES 146
SECTION 5 POSTAL RELAY STATIONS 146
259 DELIVERING GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS: [SPEED
OF DELIVERY] 146
260 DELIVERING GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS: [DAMAGED
DOCUMENTS] 146
261 DELIVERING GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS: [INSPECTION
OF POSTAL RELAY STATIONS] 147
262 INTERCEPTING SEALED GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS 147
263 DAMAGED POSTAL RELAY STATION BUILDINGS 148
264 EMPLOYING POSTAL RELAY STATION SOLDIERS WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 148
265 GOVERNMENT MESSENGERS DELAYING IN THEIR MISSION 148
266 EXCESSIVELY USING POSTAL HORSES 149
267 ACCEPTING EXCESSIVE SUPPLIES 149
268 DOCUMENTS THAT SHOULD BE PROVIDED WITH POSTAL RELAY
STATION SERVICES [FOR DELIVERY] BUT ARE NOT PROVIDED 150
269 DELAYING GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS THAT SHOULD BE CARRIED
OUT 150
2JO OCCUPYING THE BEST ROOMS OF POSTAL RELAY STATIONS 151
271 CARRYING PRIVATE ARTICLES WHILE RIDING ON POST HORSES 151
272 MAKING COMMONERS CARRY SEDAN CHAIRS WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION 151
273 FAMILY MEMBERS OF OFFICIALS DECEASED FROM ILLNESS
RETURNING TO THEIR HOME VILLAGES 151
XVIII CONTENTS
274 RECEIVING ASSIGNMENTS BUT HIRING OR SENDING OTHERS
TO PERFORM THEM 151
275 CARRYING PRIVATE GOODS WHILE RIDING ON GOVERNMENT
ANIMALS, CARRIAGES, OR BOATS 152
276 BORROWING POST HORSES WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 152
CHAPTER 6
LAWS ON PENAL AFFAIRS 154
SECTION 1 VIOLENCE AND ROBBERY 154
277 PLOTTING REBELLION AND GREAT SEDITION 154
278 PLOTTING TREASON 154
279 MAKING MAGICAL INSCRIPTIONS AND MAGICAL
INCANTATIONS 155
280 STEALING SACRED OBJECTS OF THE SPIRITS DEVOTED
TO THE GREAT SACRIFICES 155
283 STEALING IMPERIAL DECREES 156
282 STEALING SEALS 156
283 STEALING PROPERTY FROM THE PALACE TREASURY 156
284 STEALING KEYS TO CITY GATES 156
285 STEALING MILITARY EQUIPMENT 156
286 STEALING PLANTS OR TREES WITHIN THE IMPERIAL
MAUSOLEUM 157
287 SUPERVISORS OR CUSTODIANS THEMSELVES STEALING
MONEY OR GRAIN FROM GRANARIES OR TREASURIES 157
288 ORDINARY PERSONS STEALING MONEY OR GRAIN
FROM GRANARIES OR TREASURIES 158
289 FORCIBLE ROBBERY 159
290 RESCUING PRISONERS BY FORCE 159
291 FORCIBLY TAKING IN DAYTIME 160
292 THEFT 160
293 STEALING HORSES, CATTLE, AND OTHER LIVESTOCK 162
294 STEALING RICE AND WHEAT FROM FIELDS 162
295 RELATIVES STEALING FROM EACH OTHER 162
296 OBTAINING PROPERTY BY THREATS 163
297 OBTAINING GOVERNMENT OR PRIVATE PROPERTY
BY DECEIT OR CHEATING 163
298 KIDNAPPING PERSONS OR KIDNAPPING AND SELLING
PERSONS 164
299 UNCOVERING GRAVES 165
300 ENTERING OTHERS' HOUSES AT NIGHT WITHOUT
REASON 167
CONTENTS
XIX
301 THE HARBORERS OF THIEVES AND ROBBERS 167
302 JOINTLY PLOTTING TO COMMIT ROBBERY 168
303 TAKING GOODS OPENLY OR SECRETLY EACH CONSTITUTES
ROBBERY 169
304 REMOVING TATTOOS 169
SECTION
2 HOMICIDE 169
305 PLOTTING TO KILL OTHERS 169
306 PLOTTING TO KILL IMPERIAL EMISSARIES OR ONE'S OWN
SUPERIOR OFFICERS 170
307 PLOTTING TO KILL PATERNAL GRANDPARENTS OR PARENTS 170
308 KILLING ADULTEROUS LOVERS 171
309 PLOTTING TO KILL THE PARENTS OF A DECEASED HUSBAND 171
310 KILLING THREE PERSONS FROM ONE HOUSEHOLD 171
311 EXTRACTING VITALITY BY DISMEMBERING LIVING PERSONS 172
312 KILLING OTHERS BY MAKING OR KEEPING GU POISON 172
313 KILLING OTHERS IN AFFRAYS OR BY INTENTION 173
314 DEPRIVING OTHERS OF CLOTHES OR FOOD 173
315 KILLING OR INJURING OTHERS IN PLAY, BY MISTAKE,
OR BY NEGLIGENCE 173
316 HUSBANDS STRIKING TRANSGRESSING WIVES
OR CONCUBINES TO DEATH 174
317 KILLING SONS, SONS' SONS, OR SLAVES AND PUTTING
THE BLAME ON OTHERS 174
318 INJURING OTHERS WITH BOWS AND ARROWS 17S
319 KILLING OR INJURING OTHERS WITH CARRIAGES OR HORSES 175
320 INCOMPETENT PHYSICIANS KILLING OR INJURING OTHERS 176
321 KILLING OR INJURING OTHERS WITH SPRING BOWS 176
322 USING COERCION TO CAUSE OTHERS TO DIE 176
323 MAKING PRIVATE SETTLEMENTS WHEN SUPERIOR
OR OLDER RELATIVES ARE KILLED BY OTHERS 177
324 KNOWING COMPANIONS PLOT TO HARM 177
SECTION
3 AFFRAYS AND BATTERIES 177
325 AFFRAYS AND BATTERIES 177
326 THE PERIOD OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR CRIMES 179
327 QUARRELING WITHIN THE PALACE 180
328 STRIKING THE IMPERIAL RELATIVES WITHIN THE SIXTH DEGREE
OF MO URNING 180
329 STRIKING IMPERIAL EMISSARIES OR ONE'S OWN HEAD
OFFICIALS 180
XX CONTENTS
330 ASSOCIATE OR OTHER SUBORDINATE OFFICIALS STRIKING
HEAD OFFICIALS 181
331 SUPERIOR OFFICIALS AND SUBORDINATE OFFICIALS STRIKING
EACH OTHER 181
332 OFFICIALS OF THE NINTH RANK OR ABOVE STRIKING
HEAD OFFICIALS 182
333 RESISTING OR STRIKING PERSONS SENT TO COLLECT TAXES
OR TO DIRECT OFFICIAL TASKS 182
334 STRIKING TEACHERS FROM WHOM [THE OFFENDERS] RECEIVE
THEIR EDUCATION 182
335 USING COERCION OR PHYSICAL STRENGTH TO RESTRAIN
OR BIND OTHERS 182
336 HONORABLE AND MEAN PERSONS STRIKING EACH OTHER 183
337 SLAVES STRIKING HOUSEHOLD HEADS 183
338 WIVES OR CONCUBINES STRIKING HUSBANDS 185
339 RELATIVES OF THE SAME SURNAME STRIKING EACH
OTHER 186
340 STRIKING SUPERIOR OR OLDER RELATIVES OF THE THIRD
MOURNING DEGREE OR MORE DISTANT 186
341 STRIKING SUPERIOR OR OLDER RELATIVES OF THE SECOND
MOURNING DEGREE 187
342 STRIKING PATERNAL GRANDPARENTS OR PARENTS 187
343 WIVES OR CONCUBINES AND HUSBANDS' RELATIVES
STRIKING EACH OTHER 188
344 STRIKING SONS OF WIVES BY THEIR FORMER HUSBANDS 189
345 WIVES OR CONCUBINES STRIKING PARENTS OF DECEASED
HUSBANDS 190
346 WHEN FATHER OR PATERNAL GRANDFATHER IS STRUCK 190
SECTION 4 CURSING 190
347 CURSING OTHERS 190
348 CURSING IMPERIAL EMISSARIES OR ONE'S OWN HEAD
OFFICIAL 190
349 ASSOCIATE OR OTHER SUBORDINATE OFFICIALS CURSING
HEAD OFFICIALS 191
350 SLAVES CURSING HOUSEHOLD HEADS 191
351 CURSING SUPERIOR OR OLDER RELATIVES 191
352 CURSING PATERNAL GRANDPARENTS OR PARENTS 192
353 WIVES OR CONCUBINES CURSING HUSBANDS' SUPERIOR
OR OLDER RELATIVES OF THE SECOND MOURNING DEGREE 192
354 WIVES OR CONCUBINES CURSING PARENTS OF DECEASED
HUSBANDS 192
CONTENTS XXJ
SECTION 5 ACCUSATIONS AND SUITS 192
355 LITIGATION BYPASSING APPROPRIATE JURISDICTION 192
356 MAKING ANONYMOUS WRITTEN ACCUSATIONS
OF OFFENSES AGAINST OTHERS 193
357 NOT ACCEPTING AND ACTING ON ACCUSATIONS 193
358 WITHDRAWING FROM TRYING CASES 194
359 MAKING FALSE ACCUSATIONS 195
360 VIOLATING STATUS AND OFFENDING AGAINST RIGHTEOUSNESS 198
361 SONS OR SONS' SONS VIOLATING INSTRUCTIONAL ORDERS 200
362 PRISONERS ARE NOT PERMITTED TO MAKE ACCUSATIONS
REGARDING OTHERS' MATTERS TO THE AUTHORITIES 200
363 INSTIGATING LITIGATION 201
364 COORDINATING LITIGATION INVOLVING MILITARY PERSONNEL
AND CIVILIANS 201
365 FAMILY MEMBERS LODGING ACCUSATIONS ON BEHALF
OF OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONARIES 201
366 FALSE ACCUSATIONS OF OFFENSES PUNISHABLE BY MILITARY
EXILE OR BANISHMENT 202
SECTION 6 ACCEPTING ILLICIT GOODS 202
367 OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONARIES ACCEPTING PROPERTY 202
368 COMMITTING CRIMES INVOLVING ILLICIT GOODS OBTAINED
THROUGH MALFEASANCE 204
369 ACCEPTING PROPERTY AFTER COMPLETING THE MATTERS 205
370 SEEKING FAVORABLE DECISIONS OF MATTERS BY OFFERING
PROPERTY 205
371 OFFICIALS EXTORTING OR BORROWING PROPERTY FROM
OTHERS 206
372 HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS [OF OFFICIALS] EXTORTING
[PROPERTY] 207
373 SURVEILLANCE OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONARIES COMMITTING
OFFENSES INVOLVING ILLICIT GOODS 207
374 MAKING UNAUTHORIZED COLLECTIONS FOR PUBLIC
BENEFIT 207
375 PRIVATELY ACCEPTING PROPERTY FROM DUKES
OR MARQUISES 207
376 RETAINING STOLEN GOODS 208
377 OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONARIES PERMITTING PROMISES
OF PROPERTY 208
XXII
CONTENTS
SECTION 7
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
DECEIVING AND COUNTERFEITING 208
COUNTERFEITING IMPERIAL RESCRIPTS 208
DECEITFULLY TRANSMITTING IMPERIAL DECREES 209
REPLYING TO OR MEMORIALIZING THE EMPEROR
UNTRUTHFULLY 210
COUNTERFEITING ITEMS SUCH AS SEALS AND ALMANACS 210
COUNTERFEITING TREASURE PAPER CURRENCY 210
PRIVATELY CASTING COPPER CASH 211
DECEITFULLY IMPERSONATING OFFICIALS 212
DECEITFULLY CLAIMING TO BE PALACE ATTENDANTS
OR OTHER OFFICIALS 212
COURT ATTENDANTS DECEITFULLY CLAIMING TO BE
ON PRIVATE MISSIONS 213
DECEITFULLY MAKING FALSE AUSPICIOUS PORTENTS 213
AVOIDING DUTIES BY FEIGNING ILLNESS, DEATH,
OR INJURY 213
DECEITFULLY ENTICING OTHERS TO VIOLATE THE LAW 213
SECTION
8 COMMITTING FORNICATION 214
390 COMMITTING FORNICATION 214
391 FACILITATING AND TOLERATING WIVES OR CONCUBINES
TO COMMIT FORNICATION 214
392 COMMITTING FORNICATION WITH RELATIVES 215
393 FALSELY ACCUSING FATHERS-IN-LAW OF FORNICATION 216
394 SLAVES OR HIRED LABORERS COMMITTING FORNICATION
WITH HOUSEHOLD HEADS' WIVES 216
395 COMMITTING FORNICATION WITH WIVES OR DAUGHTERS
OF SUBORDINATES 216
396 COMMITTING FORNICATION DURING THE PERIOD OF MOURNING
OR BY BUDDHIST OR DAOIST CLERGY 217
397 HONORABLE AND MEAN PERSONS COMMITTING
FORNICATION WITH EACH OTHER 217
398 OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONARIES SLEEPING WITH ENTERTAINERS 217
399 PURCHASING HONORABLE PERSONS TO BE ENTERTAINERS 217
SECTION
9 MISCELLANEOUS OFFENSES 218
400 DESTROYING EXHIBITION PAVILIONS 218
401 FURNISHING MEDICAL CARE AND MEDICINE TO ARTISANS
AND SOLDIERS WHO ARE SICK 218
402 GAMBLING 218
403 CASTRATING OTHERS 218
CONTENTS
XXIN
404 SEEKING FAVORS IN PUBLIC MATTERS 218
405 PRIVATELY SETTLING PUBLIC MATTERS 219
406 ACCIDENTALLY SETTING FIRES 219
407 DELIBERATELY SETTING FIRES AND BURNING OTHERS'
HOUSES 220
408 THEATRICAL PERFORMANCES 220
409 VIOLATING THE COMMANDMENT 221
410 DOING WHAT OUGHT NOT TO BE DONE 221
SECTION
10 ARRESTS AND ESCAPES 221
411 PURSUING AND ARRESTING CRIMINALS BY THOSE WHO
ARE CHARGED WITH THE DUTY OF ARREST 221
412 CRIMINALS RESISTING ARREST 222
413 IMPRISONED CRIMINALS ESCAPING FROM PRISONS OR USING
FORCE TO BREAK OUT OF PRISONS AND RUNNING AWAY 222
414 CRIMINALS UNDER PENAL SERVITUDE OR LIFE EXILE RUNNING
AWAY 222
415 DELAYING IN SENDING PRISONERS 223
416 CUSTODIANS NOT DISCOVERING THE ESCAPE OF PRISONERS 224
417 KNOWING THE CIRCUMSTANCES AND CONCEALING
CRIMINALS 225
418 TIME LIMIT FOR ARRESTING ROBBERS AND THIEVES 225
SECTION
11 JUDGMENT AND IMPRISONMENT 226
419 NOT IMPRISONING CRIMINALS WHO SHOULD BE
IMPRISONED 226
420 DELIBERATELY IMPRISONING OR INTERROGATING INNOCENT
PERSONS 226
421 PROLONGING IMPRISONMENT 227
422 MISTREATING PRISONERS 228
423 GIVING PRISONERS EDGED METAL TOOLS THAT CAN
BE USED TO FREE THEMSELVES 228
424 CUSTODIANS INSTRUCTING PRISONERS TO CONTRADICT
THEIR CONFESSIONS 229
425 PRISONERS' CLOTHING AND FOOD 229
426 WHEN MERITORIOUS OFFICIALS ARE IMPRISONED,
THEIR RELATIVES MAY VISIT THEM 230
427 PRISONERS SENTENCED TO DEATH ORDERING OTHERS
TO KILL THEM 230
428 OLD AND YOUNG PERSONS ARE NOT PUT TO JUDICIAL
TORTURE 230
XXIV CONTENTS
429 DETAINING PRISONERS DURING INTERROGATIONS TO WAIT
FOR DIRECT CONFRONTATION 231
430 JUDGING CASES IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE SPECIFICATIONS
IN THE COMPLAINTS 232
431 COMPLAINANTS NOT BEING RELEASED AFTER THE TRIAL IS
COMPLETED 232
432 PRISONERS FALSELY ACCUSING INNOCENT PERSONS 232
433 OFFICIALS EXONERATING THE GUILTY OR IMPLICATING
THE INNOCENT 233
434 REVERSING UNJUST JUDGMENTS 235
435 THE DEGREES OF COMPETENCE OF OFFICIALS HAVING
JURISDICTION FOR EXECUTING [SENTENCES] OF PRISONERS 235
436 EXAMINING WOUNDS ON CORPSES AND MAKING UNTRUE
REPORTS 236
437 ADMINISTERING PENALTIES NOT IN ACCORDANCE WITH
THE LAW 237
438 HEAD OFFICIALS OR EMISSARIES COMMITTING OFFENSES 238
439 CITING THE CODE AND THE COMMANDMENT IN DECIDING
PENALTIES 238
440 OBTAINING PRISONERS' ACCEPTANCE OF PUNISHMENT
OR PETITION FOR REVISION 238
441 INCORRECTLY DECIDING PENALTIES BEFORE AMNESTIES 239
442 HEARING THAT THERE WILL BE AMNESTIES
AND DELIBERATELY COMMITTING CRIMES 239
443 PRISONERS SENTENCED TO PENAL SERVITUDE FAILING
TO PERFORM LABOR SERVICES 239
444 WOMEN COMMITTING CRIMES 240
445 AWAITING REPLIES TO MEMORIALS CONCERNING PRISONERS
SENTENCED TO DEATH 240
446 DECIDING PENALTIES INCORRECTLY 241
447 FUNCTIONARIES WRITING CONFESSIONS FOR [THE ACCUSED] 241
CHAPTER 7
LAWS ON PUBLIC WORKS 243
SECTION
1 CONSTRUCTIONS AND MANUFACTURES 243
448 ENGAGING IN CONSTRUCTIONS AND MANUFACTURES
WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION 243
449 WASTING LABOR IN PROCURING [THINGS] THAT CANNOT
BE USED 243
450 ENGAGING IN CONSTRUCTIONS AND MANUFACTURES CONTRARY
TO THE LAW 244
CONTENTS XXV
451 FRAUDULENTLY TAKING EXCESSIVE MATERIALS 244
452 BRINGING IN [PRIVATE] MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING
THEM INTO SILK CLOTH 244
453 WEAVING SILK CLOTH WITH PROHIBITED DESIGNS
OF DRAGONS AND PHOENIXES 245
454 EXCEEDING TIME LIMITS FOR MANUFACTURE 245
455 REPAIRING GRANARIES OR TREASURIES 245
456 OFFICIALS OR FUNCTIONARIES HAVING AUTHORITY
BUT NOT RESIDING IN PUBLIC OFFICE BUILDINGS 246
SECTION
2 DIKES 246
457 BREACHING DIKES THROUGH THEFT 246
458 FAILING TO REPAIR DIKES AT THE PROPER TIME 246
459 ENCROACHING ON PUBLIC STREETS AND ROADS 247
460 REPAIRING BRIDGES AND ROADS 247
GLOSSARY 249
BIBLIOGRAPHY 293
GENERAL INDEX 301 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV021658483 |
| callnumber-first | K - Law |
| callnumber-label | KNN33 |
| callnumber-raw | KNN33.A4 |
| callnumber-search | KNN33.A4 |
| callnumber-sort | KNN 233 A4 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)55671183 (DE-599)BVBBV021658483 |
| dewey-full | 349.51/09/023 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 349 - Law of specific jurisdictions & areas |
| dewey-raw | 349.51/09/023 |
| dewey-search | 349.51/09/023 |
| dewey-sort | 3349.51 19 223 |
| dewey-tens | 340 - Law |
| discipline | Rechtswissenschaft |
| discipline_str_mv | Rechtswissenschaft |
| era | Geschichte 1368-1644 gnd Geschichte gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1368-1644 Geschichte |
| format | Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4135952-5 Quelle gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Quelle |
| geographic | China (DE-588)4009937-4 gnd |
| geographic_facet | China |
| id | DE-604.BV021658483 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T15:05:12Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T20:40:59Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 029598449X |
| language | English Chinese |
| lccn | 2004013591 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-014873012 |
| oclc_num | 55671183 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-20 DE-29 DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-20 DE-29 DE-12 |
| physical | CIV, 319 S. 23 cm |
| publishDate | 2005 |
| publishDateSearch | 2005 |
| publishDateSort | 2005 |
| publisher | University of Washington Press |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Asian law series |
| series2 | Asian law series |
| spelling | Da-Ming-lü The great Ming code Da Ming lü translated and introduced by Jiang Yonglin Seattle University of Washington Press 2005 CIV, 319 S. 23 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Asian law series 17 Aus dem Chines. übers. Includes bibliographical references (p. [293]-299) and index Geschichte 1368-1644 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Droit - Chine - Sources Recht Law China Sources Mingdynastie (DE-588)4101004-8 gnd rswk-swf Recht (DE-588)4048737-4 gnd rswk-swf China (DE-588)4009937-4 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4135952-5 Quelle gnd-content Mingdynastie (DE-588)4101004-8 s Recht (DE-588)4048737-4 s Geschichte z DE-604 China (DE-588)4009937-4 g Geschichte 1368-1644 z Jiang, Yonglin Sonstige oth Asian law series 17 (DE-604)BV000020973 17 http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0418/2004013591.html Table of contents SWB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014873012&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | The great Ming code Da Ming lü Asian law series Droit - Chine - Sources Recht Law China Sources Mingdynastie (DE-588)4101004-8 gnd Recht (DE-588)4048737-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4101004-8 (DE-588)4048737-4 (DE-588)4009937-4 (DE-588)4135952-5 |
| title | The great Ming code Da Ming lü |
| title_alt | Da-Ming-lü |
| title_auth | The great Ming code Da Ming lü |
| title_exact_search | The great Ming code Da Ming lü |
| title_exact_search_txtP | The great Ming code Da Ming lü |
| title_full | The great Ming code Da Ming lü translated and introduced by Jiang Yonglin |
| title_fullStr | The great Ming code Da Ming lü translated and introduced by Jiang Yonglin |
| title_full_unstemmed | The great Ming code Da Ming lü translated and introduced by Jiang Yonglin |
| title_short | The great Ming code |
| title_sort | the great ming code da ming lu |
| title_sub | Da Ming lü |
| topic | Droit - Chine - Sources Recht Law China Sources Mingdynastie (DE-588)4101004-8 gnd Recht (DE-588)4048737-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Droit - Chine - Sources Recht Law China Sources Mingdynastie China Quelle |
| url | http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0418/2004013591.html http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014873012&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV000020973 |
| work_keys_str_mv | UT daminglu AT jiangyonglin thegreatmingcodedaminglu |