International human rights and humanitarian law: treaties, cases, and analysis
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| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cambridge [u.a.]
Cambridge University Press
2006
|
| Edition: | 1. publ. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Table of contents Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Physical Description: | XXXII, 990 S. |
| ISBN: | 9780521858861 0521858860 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a International human rights and humanitarian law |b treaties, cases, and analysis |c Francisco Forrest Martin ... [et al.] |
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| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Droit humanitaire |2 ram | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Droit international humanitaire | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Droits de l'homme (Droit international) | |
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Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804135218267815936 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
TABLE OF SELECTED AUTHORITIES XXI
SELECTED INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENT CITATIONS XXI
SELECTED CASES, GENERAL COMMENTS, & ADVISORY OPINIONS XXIII
PREFACE
XXIX
RESEARCHING INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW XXX
NOTE REGARDING EDITING XXXI
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS XXXI
1. AN OVERVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS
AND HUMANITARIAN LAW DEVELOPMENT AND THEIR
PROTECTION MECHANISMS 1
1.1. THE HISTORICAL AND CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL HUMAN
RIGHTS AND HUMANITARIAN LAW 1
1.2. OVERVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION MECHANISMS: HISTORY,
ORGANIZATION,
AND OPERATIONS 6
1.2.1. UNITED NATIONS MECHANISMS 6
1.2.1.1. UN TREATY-BASED TRIBUNALS 7
INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT 8
HUMAN RIGHTS COMMITTEE 8
COMMITTEE ON THE ELIMINATION OF RACIAL DISCRIMINATION 10
COMMITTEE AGAINST TORTURE 10
COMMITTEE TO ELIMINATE DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN 11
COMMITTEE ON ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL RIGHTS 11
1.2.1.2. UN CHARTER-BASED TRIBUNALS AND OTHER MECHANISMS 11
INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE 11
INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNALS FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA AND
RWANDA 11
UN HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 12
PROCEDURE UNDER ECOSOC RESOLUTION NO. 1503 12
PHILIP ALSTON, THE COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS IN ALSTON (ED.) THE
UNITED NATIONS AND HUMAN RIGHTS: A CRITICAL APPRAISAL 126
(1992) 13
PROCEDURE UNDER ECOSOC RESOLUTION NO. 1235 14
THEMATIC AND COUNTRY MECHANISMS 15
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANISATION 15
UN HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES 16
X
CONTENTS
1.2.2. REGIONAL TRIBUNALS 16
EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS 16
INTER-AMERICAN COMMISSION AND COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS 17
AFRICAN COMMISSION AND COURT OF HUMAN AND PEOPLES RIGHTS 19
CARIBBEAN COURT OF JUSTICE 19
1.2.3. OTHER TRIBUNALS 20
HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION FOR BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 20
HYBRID NATIONAL-INTERNATIONAL, CRIMINAL TRIBUNALS 20
2. FORMAL SOURCES AND PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL
HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMANITARIAN LAW 22
2.1. FORMAL SOURCES 22
ICJ STATUTE, ART. 38 22
IAN BROWNLIE, PRINCIPLES OF PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW 3,4
(4TH ED. 1990) 23
2.1.1. TREATIES 23
RESERVATIONS 25
U.S. RESERVATIONS, DECLARATIONS, AND UNDERSTANDINGS TO THE ICCPR
(1992) 26
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 28
2.1.2. CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW 28
IAN BROWNLIE, PRINCIPLES OF PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW 5-7, 10
(4TH ED. 1990) 29
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 30
2.1.3. JUS COGENS 31
FRANCISCO FORREST MARTIN, DELINEATING A HIERARCHICAL OUTLINE OF
INTERNATIONAL LAW SOURCES AND NORMS, 65 SASK. L. REV. 333 (2002) 31
ALOEBOETOE ET AL. V. SURINAME, INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (1993) 39
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 40
ADVISORY OPINION, JUDICIAL GUARANTEES IN STATES OF EMERGENCY,
INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (1987) 40
2.2. PRINCIPLES OF INTERPRETATION 46
VIENNA CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF TREATIES, ARTS. 31 AND 32 46
HAGUE CONVENTION (IV) RESPECTING THE LAWS AND CUSTOMS OF WAR ON
LAND, MARTENS CLAUSE 47
ICC STATUTE, ART. 21 47
ADVISORY OPINION, OTHER TREATIES SUBJECT TO THE CONSULTATIVE
JURISDICTION OF THE COURT (ART. 64 OF THE AMERICAN CONVENTION ON
HUMAN RIGHTS), INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (1982) 48
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 54
PAUL MAHONEY, JUDICIAL ACTIVISM AND JUDICIAL SELF-RESTRAINT IN THE
EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS, 11 HUM. RTS. L.J. 57 (1990) 54
LAURENCE R. HEIFER, CONSENSUS, COHERENCE AND THE EUROPEAN
CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS, 26 CORNELL INT L L.J. 133 (1993) 56
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 68
CONTENTS XI
2.3. PRINCIPLES OF LIABILITY 71
DINAH L. SHELTON, PRIVATE VIOLENCE, PUBLIC WRONGS, AND THE
RESPONSIBILITY OF STATES, 13
FORDHAM INT L
L.J. 1 (1990) 71
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 74
2.3.1. STATE LIABILITY 75
INSTRUMENTS
VELASQUEZ RODRIGUEZ V. HONDURAS, INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (1988) 81
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 86
FRANCISCO FORREST MARTIN, U.S. OPPOSITION TO THE INTERNATIONAL
CRIMINAL COURT: WHAT NOW? 1 ACCOUNTABILITY 2-8 (2002) 90
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 96
X. AND Y. V. THE NETHERLANDS, EUR. CT. H.R. (1985) 96
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 99
ANDREW CLAPHAM, HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE PRIVATE SPHERE
93-104
(1993) 100
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 102
2.3.2. INDIVIDUAL LIABILITY: STATE AND NON-STATE ACTORS 103
INSTRUMENTS
SUPERIOR RESPONSIBILITY 110
MEMORIAL AMICUS CURIAE SUBMITTED BY RIGHTS INTERNATIONAL,
BENAVIDES CEVALLOS V. ECUADOR, INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (1998) 110
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 114
PROSECUTOR V. KAYISHEMA & RUZINDANA, ICTR (2001) 115
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 121
2.3.3. CONSPIRACY AND CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY 122
JUDGMENT FOR THE TRIAL OF GERMAN MAJOR WAR CRIMINALS, INTERNATIONAL
MILITARY TRIBUNAL (1946) 122
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 131
STEVEN R. RATNER, CORPORATIONS AND HUMAN RIGHTS: A THEORY OF LEGAL
RESPONSIBILITY, 111 YALE L. J. 443 (2001) 132
2.3.4. DEFENSES 147
STATUTE OF THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT, ARTICLES 31 AND 33 147
STATE AND OFFICIAL IMMUNITY 148
AL-ADSANI V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R. (2001) 148
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 159
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO V. BELGIUM, ICJ (2002) 159
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 163
COMBAT IMMUNITY 164
GENEVA CONVENTION (III) RELATIVE TO THE PROTECTION OF PRISONERS
OF WAR 164
PROTOCOL ADDITIONAL TO THE GENEVA CONVENTIONS OF 12 AUGUST 1949,
AND RELATING TO THE PROTECTION OF VICTIMS OF INTERNATIONAL ARMED
CONFLICTS (PROTOCOL I) 165
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 168
X
JJ CONTENTS
SUPERIOR ORDERS, COERCION, AND DURESS 168
IN RE OHLENDORF AND OTHERS (EINSATZGRUPPEN TRIAL), IMT (1948) 168
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 171
OTHER VIABLE AND NON-VIABLE DEFENSES 171
3. INCORPORATION OF INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS AND
HUMANITARIAN LAW IN U.S. LAW 175
U.S. CONSTITUTION 175
3.1. CONSTRUCTION RULES 175
3.1.1. CONSTITUTIONAL CONSTRUCTION 175
3.1.1.1. MANDATORY INTERNATIONAL LEGAL CONSTRUCTION RULE 176
FRANCISCO FORREST MARTIN, OUR CONSTITUTION AS FEDERAL TREATY: A NEW
THEORY OF UNITED STATES CONSTITUTIONAL CONSTRUCTION BASED ON AN
ORIGINALIST UNDERSTANDING FOR ADDRESSING A NEW WORLD, 31
HASTINGS
CONST. L. QUART. 258 (2004) 176
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 189
3.1.1.2. PERSUASIVE AUTHORITY RULE 189
LAWRENCE V. TEXAS, 539 U.S. 558 (2003) 189
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 191
3.1.2. FEDERAL AND STATE STATUTORY CONSTRUCTION 191
3.1.2.1. FEDERAL MANDATORY RULE: THE CHARMING BETSY AND ROSSI RULES 191
WEINBERGER V. ROSSI, 456 U.S. 25 (1982) 191
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 192
CURTIS A. BRADLEY, THE CHARMING BETSY CANON AND SEPARATION OF
POWERS: RETHINKING THE INTERPRETIVE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, 86 GEO.
L.J. 479, 495-533 (1998) 192
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 203
3.1.2.2. PERSUASIVE AUTHORITY RULE 203
LAURENCE R. HEIFER AND ALICE M. MILLER, SEXUAL ORIENTATION AND
HUMAN RIGHTS: TOWARD A UNITED STATES AND TRANSNATIONAL
JURISPRUDENCE, 9 HARV. HUM. RTS. J. 61 (1996) 203
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 205
3.2. CONFLICT RULES 205
3.2.1. TREATIES AND FEDERAL STATUTES: THE LAST-IN-TIME RULE 205
CHAE CHAN PING V. UNITED STATES (THE CHINESE EXCLUSION CASE), 130
U.S. 581 (1889) 205
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 212
FRANCISCO FORREST MARTIN, OUR CONSTITUTION AS FEDERAL TREATY: A NEW
THEORY OF UNITED STATES CONSTITUTIONAL CONSTRUCTION BASED ON AN
ORIGINALIST UNDERSTANDING FOR ADDRESSING A NEW WORLD, 31
HASTINGS
CONST. L. QUART. 258 (2004) 212
3.2.2. CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW AND OTHER FEDERAL LAW: THE GARCIA-MIR
RULE 216
GARCIA-MIR V. MEESE, 788 F.2D 1446 (1 LTH CIR. 1986) 217
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 219
CONTENTS XIII
FRANCISCO FORREST MARTIN, OUR CONSTITUTION AS FEDERAL TREATY: A NEW
THEORY OF UNITED STATES CONSTITUTIONAL CONSTRUCTION BASED ON AN
ORIGINALIST UNDERSTANDING FOR ADDRESSING A NEW WORLD, 31
HASTINGS
CONST. L. QUART. 258 (2004) 219
3.3. SELF-EXECUTION DOCTRINE 220
3.3.1. TREATIES 220
FRANCISCO FORREST MARTIN, CHALLENGING HUMAN RIGHTS
VIOLATIONS: USING INTERNATIONAL LAW IN
U.S.
COURTS
(2001) 221
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 235
JOHN C. YOO, GLOBALISM AND THE CONSTITUTION: TREATIES,
NON-SELF-EXECUTION, AND THE ORIGINAL UNDERSTANDING, 99
COLUM.
L.
REV. 1955(1999) 236
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 239
JOHN C. YOO, REJOINDER, TREATIES AND PUBLIC LAWMAKING: A TEXTUAL AND
STRUCTURAL DEFENSE OF NON-SELF-EXECUTION, 99
COLUM.
L.
REV.
2218,
2233 ETPASSIM (1999) 240
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 244
FRANCISCO FORREST MARTIN, OUR CONSTITUTION AS FEDERAL TREATY: A NEW
THEORY OF UNITED STATES CONSTITUTIONAL CONSTRUCTION BASED ON AN
ORIGINALIST UNDERSTANDING FOR ADDRESSING A NEW WORLD, 31
HASTINGS
CONST. L. QUART. 258 (2004) 246
3.3.2. CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW 254
SOSA V. ALVAREZ-MACHAIN, 124 S. CT. 2739 (2004) 254
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 267
4. INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS TRIBUNAL PROCEDURE AND REMEDIES 270
4.1. JURISDICTION 270
ADVISORY OPINION, INTERPRETATION OF THE AMERICAN DECLARATION OF THE
RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF MAN WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF ARTICLE 64 OF THE
AMERICAN CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS, INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (1989) 271
BANKOVIC AND OTHERS V. BELGIUM AND OTHERS, EUR. CT. H.R. (2001) 276
FRANCISCO FORREST MARTIN, THE INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS ASPECTS OF
THE FORUM NON CONVENIENS DOCTRINE, 35 U.
MIAMI INTER-AM.
L.
REV. 101, 106-109 (2003) 284
4.2 STANDING 286
A GROUP OF ASSOCIATIONS ...V. ITALY, UNHRC (1990) 287
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 288
4.3. EXHAUSTION OF DOMESTIC REMEDIES 289
VELASQUEZ RODRIGUEZ V. HONDURAS, PRELIMINARY OBJECTIONS, INTER-AM.
CT. H.R. (1989) 291
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 294
ADVISORY OPINION, EXCEPTIONS TO THE EXHAUSTION OF DOMESTIC REMEDIES
IN CASES OFLNDIGENCY OR INABILITY TO OBTAIN LEGAL REPRESENTATION
BECAUSE OF A GENERALIZED FEAR WITHIN THE LEGAL COMMUNITY, INTER-AM.
CT. H.R. (1990) 295
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 301
XIV
CONTENTS
4.4. REMEDIES AND STATE COMPLIANCE 301
RESTITUTION 302
SATISFACTION 304
INDEMNITY 305
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 305
5. SUBSTANTIVE INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS AND
HUMANITARIAN LAW PROTECTIONS 307
5.1. FUNDAMENTAL INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS PROTECTIONS 307
5.1.1. RIGHTS TO LIFE AND HUMANE TREATMENT 307
INSTRUMENTS
TORTURE; CRUEL, INHUMAN, DEGRADING TREATMENT OR PUNISHMENT; AND
SEXUAL VIOLENCE 315
IRELAND V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R. (1978) 315
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 320
HERNANDEZ RIVAS V. EL SALVADOR, INTER-AM. CM. H.R.
(1994) 322
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 326
UNHRC GENERAL COMMENT 20 (ARTICLE 7) 326
ABORTION 329
THEBABYBOY CASE, INTER-AM. CM. H.R. (1981) 330
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 332
VO V. FRANCE, EUR. CT. H.R. (2004) 333
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 338
DEATH PENALTY 339
INSTRUMENTS
DOMINGUES V. UNITED STATES, INTER-AM. CM. H.R. (2002) 339
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 351
SOERING V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R. (1989) 351
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 357
JUDGE V. CANADA, UNHRC (2003) 361
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 364
ABDUCTIONS, DISAPPEARANCES, AND SUMMARY EXECUTIONS 364
SALDIAS DE LOPEZ V. URUGUAY, UNHRC (1981) 365
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 369
VELASQUEZ RODRIGUEZ V. HONDURAS, INTER-AM. CT. H.R.
(1988) 370
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 370
5.1.2. RIGHTS TO PERSONAL SECURITY AND LIBERTY 371
INSTRUMENTS
MURRAY V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R. (1994) 374
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 389
SUDREZROSERO V. ECUADOR, INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (1997) 391
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 398
CONTENTS XV
ADVISORY OPINION, JUDICIAL GUARANTEES IN STATES OF EMERGENCY,
INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (1987) 399
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 399
5.1.3. RIGHT TO FREEDOM FROM DISCRIMINATION 404
INSTRUMENTS
INTENTIONAL DISCRIMINATION 407
ADVISORY OPINION, PROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO THE NATURALIZATION
PROVISIONS OF THE CONSTITUTION OF COSTA RICA, INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (1984)
407
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 414
SALGUEIRO DA SILVA MOUTA V. PORTUGAL, EUR. CT. H.R. (1999) 416
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 420
UNINTENTIONAL AND DISPARATE IMPACT DISCRIMINATION 421
SIMUNEK, HASTINGS, TUZILOVA AND PROCHAZKA V. THE CZECH REPUBLIC,
UNHRC(1995) 421
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 425
ABDULAZIZ, CABALES AND BALKANDALI V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R.
(1985) 425
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 444
AFFIRMATIVE ACTION 447
MARSCHALL V. LAND NORDRHEIN-WESTFALEN, EUR. CT. J. (1997) 447
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 452
5.2. INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW PROTECTIONS AND HUMAN RIGHTS-RELATED
INTERNATIONAL CRIMES 453
5.2.1. GENOCIDE 453
INSTRUMENTS
PROSECUTOR V. AKAYESU, ICTR (1998) 454
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 473
5.2.2. CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY 475
INSTRUMENTS
PROSECUTOR V. TADIC (FINAL JUDGMENT), ICTY (1997) 477
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 490
PROSECUTOR V. AKAYESU, ICTR (1998) 492
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 502
5.2.3. WAR CRIMES 503
INSTRUMENTS
INTERNATIONAL AND NONINTERNATIONAL CONFLICTS 522
PROSECUTOR V. TADIC (FINAL JUDGMENT), ICTY (1997). 522
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 527
THE PROPORTIONALITY RULE AND SUPERFLUOUS INJURY AND UNNECESSARY
SUFFERING (SIRUS) RULE 529
FRANCISCO FORREST MARTIN, USING INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW FOR
ESTABLISHING A UNIFIED USE OF FORCE RULE IN THE LAW OF ARMED CONFLICT,
64(2) SASK. L. REV. 347 (2002) 529
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 533
CONTENTS
RIGHTS INTERNATIONAL MEMORIAL AMICUS CURIAE IN PROSECUTOR V. GALIC,
ICTY (2003) 534
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 542
FRANCISCO FORREST MARTIN, CHALLENGING HUMAN RIGHTS
VIOLATIONS: USING INTERNATIONAL LAW IN
U.S.
COURTS
130-41
(2001) 543
5.3. CRIMINAL AND CIVIL PROCEDURAL RIGHTS 552
INSTRUMENTS
PRESUMPTION OF INNOCENCE 563
ALLENET DE RIBEMONT V. FRANCE, EUR. CT. H.R. (1995) 563
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 567
ASSISTANCE OF LEGAL COUNSEL 568
GRANT V. JAMAICA, UNHRC (1994) 568
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 573
ADVISORY OPINION, THE RIGHT TO INFORMATION ON CONSULAR ASSISTANCE IN
THE FRAMEWORK OF THE GUARANTEES OF THE DUE PROCESS OF LAW
INTER-AMERICAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS, INTER-AM. CT. H.R.
(1999) 577
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 589
JUDICIAL AND JURY IMPARTIALITY 590
ANDREWS V. UNITED STATES, INTER-AM. CM. H.R.
(1997) 590
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 604
EQUALITY OF ARMS: EXAMINATION OF WITNESSES AND
DOCUMENTS 604
HARWARD V. NORWAY, UNHRC (1994) 604
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 606
EDWARDS V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R. (1992) 609
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 619
KOSTOVSKI V. THE NETHERLANDS, EUR. CT. H.R (1989) 619
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 630
PROSECUTOR V. KAYISHEMA & RUZINDANA, ICTR (2001) 632
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 634
SELF-INCRIMINATION 634
FUNKE V. FRANCE, EUR. CT. H.R. (1993) 634
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 639
LENGTH OF PROCEEDINGS 640
FIRMENICH V. ARGENTINA, INTER-AM. CM. H.R. (1989) 640
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 644
RETROSPECTIVE CRIMINAL LAWS 646
WELCH V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R. (1995) 646
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 652
PUNISHMENT 653
CONTENTS XVII
INSTRUMENTS
PROSECUTOR V. KAMBANDA, ICTR (2000) 655
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 657
5.4. RIGHTS TO PRIVACY AND RESPECT FOR FAMILY LIFE 659
INSTRUMENTS
SURVEILLANCE, SEARCH AND SEIZURE, AND THE EXCLUSIONARY RULE 662
PECK V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R. (2003) 662
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 670
KLASS AND OTHERS V. GERMANY, EUR. CT. H.R.
(1978) 670
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 676
GARCIA PEREZ V. PERU, INTER-AM. CM. H.R. (1995) 678
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 680
CREMIEUX V. FRANCE, EUR. CT. H.R. (1993) 680
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 684
SEXUAL ORIENTATION AND PRACTICE 685
TOONEN V. AUSTRALIA, UNHRC. (1994) 685
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 689
TRANSGENDERED PERSONS 692
GOODWIN V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R. (2002) 692
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 711
PARENTAL RIGHTS AND THE RIGHT TO FAMILIAL INTEGRITY 711
FEI V. COLOMBIA, UNHRC (1995) 711
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 719
ABORTION 724
BRUGGEMANN AND SCHEUTEN V. FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY,
EUR. CM. H.R. (1977) 724
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 727
PATON V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CM. H.R. (1980) 729
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 734
5.5. FREEDOM OF CONSCIENCE 734
INSTRUMENTS
KOKKINAKIS V. GREECE, EUR. CT. H.R. (1993) 736
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 747
5.6. FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION 750
INSTRUMENTS
DEFAMATION 753
LINGENS V. AUSTRIA, EUR. CT. H.R. (1986) 753
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 762
OFFENSIVE EXPRESSION 768
J.R.T. AND THE W.G. PARTY V. CANADA, UNHRC. (1983) 768
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 770
CONTENTS
MULLER AND OTHERS V. SWITZERLAND, EUR. CT. H.R. (1988) 772
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 786
OPEN DOOR COUNSELLING AND DUBLIN WELL WOMAN V. IRELAND,
EUR. CT. H.R. (1992) 790
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 800
NATIONAL SECURITY 803
THE OBSERVER AND GUARDIAN V.
UNITED KINGDOM ( THE SPYCATCHER
CASE ), EUR. CT. H.R. (1991) 803
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 822
MEDIA ACCESS AND LICENSING, AND COMMERCIAL EXPRESSION 825
BARTHOLD V. FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY, EUR. CT. H.R. (1985) 825
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 840
5.7. FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION AND ASSEMBLY 844
INSTRUMENTS
PLATTFORM ARTZEFUR DAS LEBEN V. AUSTRIA, EUR. CT. H.R. (1988) 846
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 849
5.8. RIGHT TO MARRIAGE 851
INSTRUMENTS
GOODWIN V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R. (2002) 852
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 854
JOHNSTON V. IRELAND, EUR. CT. H.R. (1986) 855
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 864
5.9. RIGHT TO VOTE 866
INSTRUMENTS
STATEHOOD SOLIDARITY COMMITTEE V. UNITED STATES, INTER-AM. CM H.R.
(2003) 869
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 880
5.10. ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL RIGHTS 881
INSTRUMENTS
THE NATURE OF STATES PARTIES OBLIGATIONS, ECOSOC CTTE. GENERAL
COMMENT NO. 3 (1990) 891
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 894
FIVE PENSIONERS CASE, INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (2003) 895
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 899
5.10.1. EMPLOYMENT 900
ADVISORY OPINION, JURIDICAL CONDITION AND RIGHTS OF THE
UNDOCUMENTED MIGRANTS, INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (2003) 900
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 911
5.10.2. PROPERTY 911
INSTRUMENTS
THE MAYAGNA (SUMO) AWAS TINGNI COMMUNITY V. NICARAGUA,
INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (2001) 913
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 915
CONTENTS XIX
JAMES V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R. (1986) 916
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 930
STRAN GREEK REFINERIES AND STRATIS ANDREADIS V. GREECE (MERITS),
EUR. CT. H.R. (1994) 931
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 936
6. THEORY AND CRITIQUE 938
RICHARD FALK, THE END OF WORLD ORDER: ESSAYS ON NORMATIVE
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
(1983) 938
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 940
LOUIS
HENKIN, THE AGE OF RIGHTS
(1990) 941
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 943
YASH GHAI, UNIVERSALISM AND RELATIVISM: HUMAN RIGHTS AS A
FRAMEWORK FOR NEGOTIATING INTERETHNIC CLAIMS, 21
CARDOZO
L.
REV. 1095-1102(2000) 944
ABDULLAH AHMEN AN-NA IM, HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE MUSLIM WORLD:
SOCIO-POLITICAL CONDITIONS AND SCRIPTURAL IMPERATIVES, 3 HARV. HUM.
RTS.J. 13(1990) 949
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 956
HILARY CHARLESWORTH, CHRISTINE CHINKIN & SHELLEY WRIGHT, FEMINIST
APPROACHES TO INTERNATIONAL LAW, 85 AM. J. INT L L. 613 (1991) 956
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 958
THOMAS M. FRANCK, LEGITIMACY IN THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM, 82 AM. J.
INT L L. 705(1988) 958
DAVID KENNEDY, THE INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS MOVEMENT: PART OF
THE PROBLEM?, 15 HARV. HUM. RTS. J. 101 (2002) 967
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 986
INDEX 987
|
| adam_txt |
CONTENTS
TABLE OF SELECTED AUTHORITIES XXI
SELECTED INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENT CITATIONS XXI
SELECTED CASES, GENERAL COMMENTS, & ADVISORY OPINIONS XXIII
PREFACE
XXIX
RESEARCHING INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW XXX
NOTE REGARDING EDITING XXXI
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS XXXI
1. AN OVERVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS
AND HUMANITARIAN LAW DEVELOPMENT AND THEIR
PROTECTION MECHANISMS 1
1.1. THE HISTORICAL AND CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL HUMAN
RIGHTS AND HUMANITARIAN LAW 1
1.2. OVERVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION MECHANISMS: HISTORY,
ORGANIZATION,
AND OPERATIONS 6
1.2.1. UNITED NATIONS MECHANISMS 6
1.2.1.1. UN TREATY-BASED TRIBUNALS 7
INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT 8
HUMAN RIGHTS COMMITTEE 8
COMMITTEE ON THE ELIMINATION OF RACIAL DISCRIMINATION 10
COMMITTEE AGAINST TORTURE 10
COMMITTEE TO ELIMINATE DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN 11
COMMITTEE ON ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL RIGHTS 11
1.2.1.2. UN CHARTER-BASED TRIBUNALS AND OTHER MECHANISMS 11
INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE 11
INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNALS FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA AND
RWANDA 11
UN HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 12
PROCEDURE UNDER ECOSOC RESOLUTION NO. 1503 12
PHILIP ALSTON, THE COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS IN ALSTON (ED.) THE
UNITED NATIONS AND HUMAN RIGHTS: A CRITICAL APPRAISAL 126
(1992) 13
PROCEDURE UNDER ECOSOC RESOLUTION NO. 1235 14
THEMATIC AND COUNTRY MECHANISMS 15
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANISATION 15
UN HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES 16
X
CONTENTS
1.2.2. REGIONAL TRIBUNALS 16
EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS 16
INTER-AMERICAN COMMISSION AND COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS 17
AFRICAN COMMISSION AND COURT OF HUMAN AND PEOPLES' RIGHTS 19
CARIBBEAN COURT OF JUSTICE 19
1.2.3. OTHER TRIBUNALS 20
HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION FOR BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 20
HYBRID NATIONAL-INTERNATIONAL, CRIMINAL TRIBUNALS 20
2. FORMAL SOURCES AND PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL
HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMANITARIAN LAW 22
2.1. FORMAL SOURCES 22
ICJ STATUTE, ART. 38 22
IAN BROWNLIE, PRINCIPLES OF PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW 3,4
(4TH ED. 1990) 23
2.1.1. TREATIES 23
RESERVATIONS 25
U.S. RESERVATIONS, DECLARATIONS, AND UNDERSTANDINGS TO THE ICCPR
(1992) 26
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 28
2.1.2. CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW 28
IAN BROWNLIE, PRINCIPLES OF PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW 5-7, 10
(4TH ED. 1990) 29
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 30
2.1.3. JUS COGENS 31
FRANCISCO FORREST MARTIN, DELINEATING A HIERARCHICAL OUTLINE OF
INTERNATIONAL LAW SOURCES AND NORMS, 65 SASK. L. REV. 333 (2002) 31
ALOEBOETOE ET AL. V. SURINAME, INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (1993) 39
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 40
ADVISORY OPINION, JUDICIAL GUARANTEES IN STATES OF EMERGENCY,
INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (1987) 40
2.2. PRINCIPLES OF INTERPRETATION 46
VIENNA CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF TREATIES, ARTS. 31 AND 32 46
HAGUE CONVENTION (IV) RESPECTING THE LAWS AND CUSTOMS OF WAR ON
LAND, MARTENS CLAUSE 47
ICC STATUTE, ART. 21 47
ADVISORY OPINION, "OTHER TREATIES" SUBJECT TO THE CONSULTATIVE
JURISDICTION OF THE COURT (ART. 64 OF THE AMERICAN CONVENTION ON
HUMAN RIGHTS), INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (1982) 48
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 54
PAUL MAHONEY, JUDICIAL ACTIVISM AND JUDICIAL SELF-RESTRAINT IN THE
EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS, 11 HUM. RTS. L.J. 57 (1990) 54
LAURENCE R. HEIFER, CONSENSUS, COHERENCE AND THE EUROPEAN
CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS, 26 CORNELL INT'L L.J. 133 (1993) 56
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 68
CONTENTS XI
2.3. PRINCIPLES OF LIABILITY 71
DINAH L. SHELTON, PRIVATE VIOLENCE, PUBLIC WRONGS, AND THE
RESPONSIBILITY OF STATES, 13
FORDHAM INT'L
L.J. 1 (1990) 71
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 74
2.3.1. STATE LIABILITY 75
INSTRUMENTS
VELASQUEZ RODRIGUEZ V. HONDURAS, INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (1988) 81
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 86
FRANCISCO FORREST MARTIN, "U.S. OPPOSITION TO THE INTERNATIONAL
CRIMINAL COURT: WHAT NOW?" 1 ACCOUNTABILITY 2-8 (2002) 90
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 96
X. AND Y. V. THE NETHERLANDS, EUR. CT. H.R. (1985) 96
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 99
ANDREW CLAPHAM, HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE PRIVATE SPHERE
93-104
(1993) 100
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 102
2.3.2. INDIVIDUAL LIABILITY: STATE AND NON-STATE ACTORS 103
INSTRUMENTS
SUPERIOR RESPONSIBILITY 110
MEMORIAL AMICUS CURIAE SUBMITTED BY RIGHTS INTERNATIONAL,
BENAVIDES CEVALLOS V. ECUADOR, INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (1998) 110
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 114
PROSECUTOR V. KAYISHEMA & RUZINDANA, ICTR (2001) 115
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 121
2.3.3. CONSPIRACY AND CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY 122
JUDGMENT FOR THE TRIAL OF GERMAN MAJOR WAR CRIMINALS, INTERNATIONAL
MILITARY TRIBUNAL (1946) 122
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 131
STEVEN R. RATNER, CORPORATIONS AND HUMAN RIGHTS: A THEORY OF LEGAL
RESPONSIBILITY, 111 YALE L. J. 443 (2001) 132
2.3.4. DEFENSES 147
STATUTE OF THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT, ARTICLES 31 AND 33 147
STATE AND OFFICIAL IMMUNITY 148
AL-ADSANI V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R. (2001) 148
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 159
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO V. BELGIUM, ICJ (2002) 159
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 163
COMBAT IMMUNITY 164
GENEVA CONVENTION (III) RELATIVE TO THE PROTECTION OF PRISONERS
OF WAR 164
PROTOCOL ADDITIONAL TO THE GENEVA CONVENTIONS OF 12 AUGUST 1949,
AND RELATING TO THE PROTECTION OF VICTIMS OF INTERNATIONAL ARMED
CONFLICTS (PROTOCOL I) 165
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 168
X
JJ CONTENTS
SUPERIOR ORDERS, COERCION, AND DURESS 168
IN RE OHLENDORF AND OTHERS (EINSATZGRUPPEN TRIAL), IMT (1948) 168
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 171
OTHER VIABLE AND NON-VIABLE DEFENSES 171
3. INCORPORATION OF INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS AND
HUMANITARIAN LAW IN U.S. LAW 175
U.S. CONSTITUTION 175
3.1. CONSTRUCTION RULES 175
3.1.1. CONSTITUTIONAL CONSTRUCTION 175
3.1.1.1. MANDATORY INTERNATIONAL LEGAL CONSTRUCTION RULE 176
FRANCISCO FORREST MARTIN, OUR CONSTITUTION AS FEDERAL TREATY: A NEW
THEORY OF UNITED STATES CONSTITUTIONAL CONSTRUCTION BASED ON AN
ORIGINALIST UNDERSTANDING FOR ADDRESSING A NEW WORLD, 31
HASTINGS
CONST. L. QUART. 258 (2004) 176
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 189
3.1.1.2. PERSUASIVE AUTHORITY RULE 189
LAWRENCE V. TEXAS, 539 U.S. 558 (2003) 189
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 191
3.1.2. FEDERAL AND STATE STATUTORY CONSTRUCTION 191
3.1.2.1. FEDERAL MANDATORY RULE: THE CHARMING BETSY AND ROSSI RULES 191
WEINBERGER V. ROSSI, 456 U.S. 25 (1982) 191
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 192
CURTIS A. BRADLEY, THE CHARMING BETSY CANON AND SEPARATION OF
POWERS: RETHINKING THE INTERPRETIVE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, 86 GEO.
L.J. 479, 495-533 (1998) 192
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 203
3.1.2.2. PERSUASIVE AUTHORITY RULE 203
LAURENCE R. HEIFER AND ALICE M. MILLER, SEXUAL ORIENTATION AND
HUMAN RIGHTS: TOWARD A UNITED STATES AND TRANSNATIONAL
JURISPRUDENCE, 9 HARV. HUM. RTS. J. 61 (1996) 203
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 205
3.2. CONFLICT RULES 205
3.2.1. TREATIES AND FEDERAL STATUTES: THE LAST-IN-TIME RULE 205
CHAE CHAN PING V. UNITED STATES (THE CHINESE EXCLUSION CASE), 130
U.S. 581 (1889) 205
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 212
FRANCISCO FORREST MARTIN, OUR CONSTITUTION AS FEDERAL TREATY: A NEW
THEORY OF UNITED STATES CONSTITUTIONAL CONSTRUCTION BASED ON AN
ORIGINALIST UNDERSTANDING FOR ADDRESSING A NEW WORLD, 31
HASTINGS
CONST. L. QUART. 258 (2004) 212
3.2.2. CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW AND OTHER FEDERAL LAW: THE GARCIA-MIR
RULE 216
GARCIA-MIR V. MEESE, 788 F.2D 1446 (1 LTH CIR. 1986) 217
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 219
CONTENTS XIII
FRANCISCO FORREST MARTIN, OUR CONSTITUTION AS FEDERAL TREATY: A NEW
THEORY OF UNITED STATES CONSTITUTIONAL CONSTRUCTION BASED ON AN
ORIGINALIST UNDERSTANDING FOR ADDRESSING A NEW WORLD, 31
HASTINGS
CONST. L. QUART. 258 (2004) 219
3.3. SELF-EXECUTION DOCTRINE 220
3.3.1. TREATIES 220
FRANCISCO FORREST MARTIN, CHALLENGING HUMAN RIGHTS
VIOLATIONS: USING INTERNATIONAL LAW IN
U.S.
COURTS
(2001) 221
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 235
JOHN C. YOO, GLOBALISM AND THE CONSTITUTION: TREATIES,
NON-SELF-EXECUTION, AND THE ORIGINAL UNDERSTANDING, 99
COLUM.
L.
REV. 1955(1999) 236
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 239
JOHN C. YOO, REJOINDER, TREATIES AND PUBLIC LAWMAKING: A TEXTUAL AND
STRUCTURAL DEFENSE OF NON-SELF-EXECUTION, 99
COLUM.
L.
REV.
2218,
2233 ETPASSIM (1999) 240
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 244
FRANCISCO FORREST MARTIN, OUR CONSTITUTION AS FEDERAL TREATY: A NEW
THEORY OF UNITED STATES CONSTITUTIONAL CONSTRUCTION BASED ON AN
ORIGINALIST UNDERSTANDING FOR ADDRESSING A NEW WORLD, 31
HASTINGS
CONST. L. QUART. 258 (2004) 246
3.3.2. CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW 254
SOSA V. ALVAREZ-MACHAIN, 124 S. CT. 2739 (2004) 254
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 267
4. INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS TRIBUNAL PROCEDURE AND REMEDIES 270
4.1. JURISDICTION 270
ADVISORY OPINION, INTERPRETATION OF THE AMERICAN DECLARATION OF THE
RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF MAN WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF ARTICLE 64 OF THE
AMERICAN CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS, INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (1989) 271
BANKOVIC AND OTHERS V. BELGIUM AND OTHERS, EUR. CT. H.R. (2001) 276
FRANCISCO FORREST MARTIN, THE INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS ASPECTS OF
THE FORUM NON CONVENIENS DOCTRINE, 35 U.
MIAMI INTER-AM.
L.
REV. 101, 106-109 (2003) 284
4.2 STANDING 286
A GROUP OF ASSOCIATIONS .V. ITALY, UNHRC (1990) 287
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 288
4.3. EXHAUSTION OF DOMESTIC REMEDIES 289
VELASQUEZ RODRIGUEZ V. HONDURAS, PRELIMINARY OBJECTIONS, INTER-AM.
CT. H.R. (1989) 291
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 294
ADVISORY OPINION, EXCEPTIONS TO THE EXHAUSTION OF DOMESTIC REMEDIES
IN CASES OFLNDIGENCY OR INABILITY TO OBTAIN LEGAL REPRESENTATION
BECAUSE OF A GENERALIZED FEAR WITHIN THE LEGAL COMMUNITY, INTER-AM.
CT. H.R. (1990) 295
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 301
XIV
CONTENTS
4.4. REMEDIES AND STATE COMPLIANCE 301
RESTITUTION 302
SATISFACTION 304
INDEMNITY 305
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 305
5. SUBSTANTIVE INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS AND
HUMANITARIAN LAW PROTECTIONS 307
5.1. FUNDAMENTAL INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS PROTECTIONS 307
5.1.1. RIGHTS TO LIFE AND HUMANE TREATMENT 307
INSTRUMENTS
TORTURE; CRUEL, INHUMAN, DEGRADING TREATMENT OR PUNISHMENT; AND
SEXUAL VIOLENCE 315
IRELAND V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R. (1978) 315
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 320
HERNANDEZ RIVAS V. EL SALVADOR, INTER-AM. CM. H.R.
(1994) 322
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 326
UNHRC GENERAL COMMENT 20 (ARTICLE 7) 326
ABORTION 329
"THEBABYBOY" CASE, INTER-AM. CM. H.R. (1981) 330
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 332
VO V. FRANCE, EUR. CT. H.R. (2004) 333
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 338
DEATH PENALTY 339
INSTRUMENTS
DOMINGUES V. UNITED STATES, INTER-AM. CM. H.R. (2002) 339
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 351
SOERING V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R. (1989) 351
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 357
JUDGE V. CANADA, UNHRC (2003) 361
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 364
ABDUCTIONS, DISAPPEARANCES, AND SUMMARY EXECUTIONS 364
SALDIAS DE LOPEZ V. URUGUAY, UNHRC (1981) 365
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 369
VELASQUEZ RODRIGUEZ V. HONDURAS, INTER-AM. CT. H.R.
(1988) 370
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 370
5.1.2. RIGHTS TO PERSONAL SECURITY AND LIBERTY 371
INSTRUMENTS
MURRAY V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R. (1994) 374
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 389
SUDREZROSERO V. ECUADOR, INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (1997) 391
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 398
CONTENTS XV
ADVISORY OPINION, JUDICIAL GUARANTEES IN STATES OF EMERGENCY,
INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (1987) 399
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 399
5.1.3. RIGHT TO FREEDOM FROM DISCRIMINATION 404
INSTRUMENTS
INTENTIONAL DISCRIMINATION 407
ADVISORY OPINION, PROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO THE NATURALIZATION
PROVISIONS OF THE CONSTITUTION OF COSTA RICA, INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (1984)
407
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 414
SALGUEIRO DA SILVA MOUTA V. PORTUGAL, EUR. CT. H.R. (1999) 416
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 420
UNINTENTIONAL AND DISPARATE IMPACT DISCRIMINATION 421
SIMUNEK, HASTINGS, TUZILOVA AND PROCHAZKA V. THE CZECH REPUBLIC,
UNHRC(1995) 421
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 425
ABDULAZIZ, CABALES AND BALKANDALI V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R.
(1985) 425
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 444
AFFIRMATIVE ACTION 447
MARSCHALL V. LAND NORDRHEIN-WESTFALEN, EUR. CT. J. (1997) 447
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 452
5.2. INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW PROTECTIONS AND HUMAN RIGHTS-RELATED
INTERNATIONAL CRIMES 453
5.2.1. GENOCIDE 453
INSTRUMENTS
PROSECUTOR V. AKAYESU, ICTR (1998) 454
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 473
5.2.2. CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY 475
INSTRUMENTS
PROSECUTOR V. TADIC (FINAL JUDGMENT), ICTY (1997) 477
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 490
PROSECUTOR V. AKAYESU, ICTR (1998) 492
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 502
5.2.3. WAR CRIMES 503
INSTRUMENTS
INTERNATIONAL AND NONINTERNATIONAL CONFLICTS 522
PROSECUTOR V. TADIC (FINAL JUDGMENT), ICTY (1997). 522
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 527
THE PROPORTIONALITY RULE AND SUPERFLUOUS INJURY AND UNNECESSARY
SUFFERING (SIRUS) RULE 529
FRANCISCO FORREST MARTIN, USING INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW FOR
ESTABLISHING A UNIFIED USE OF FORCE RULE IN THE LAW OF ARMED CONFLICT,
64(2) SASK. L. REV. 347 (2002) 529
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 533
CONTENTS
RIGHTS INTERNATIONAL MEMORIAL AMICUS CURIAE IN PROSECUTOR V. GALIC,
ICTY (2003) 534
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 542
FRANCISCO FORREST MARTIN, CHALLENGING HUMAN RIGHTS
VIOLATIONS: USING INTERNATIONAL LAW IN
U.S.
COURTS
130-41
(2001) 543
5.3. CRIMINAL AND CIVIL PROCEDURAL RIGHTS 552
INSTRUMENTS
PRESUMPTION OF INNOCENCE 563
ALLENET DE RIBEMONT V. FRANCE, EUR. CT. H.R. (1995) 563
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 567
ASSISTANCE OF LEGAL COUNSEL 568
GRANT V. JAMAICA, UNHRC (1994) 568
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 573
ADVISORY OPINION, THE RIGHT TO INFORMATION ON CONSULAR ASSISTANCE IN
THE FRAMEWORK OF THE GUARANTEES OF THE DUE PROCESS OF LAW
INTER-AMERICAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS, INTER-AM. CT. H.R.
(1999) 577
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 589
JUDICIAL AND JURY IMPARTIALITY 590
ANDREWS V. UNITED STATES, INTER-AM. CM. H.R.
(1997) 590
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 604
EQUALITY OF ARMS: EXAMINATION OF WITNESSES AND
DOCUMENTS 604
HARWARD V. NORWAY, UNHRC (1994) 604
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 606
EDWARDS V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R. (1992) 609
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 619
KOSTOVSKI V. THE NETHERLANDS, EUR. CT. H.R (1989) 619
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 630
PROSECUTOR V. KAYISHEMA & RUZINDANA, ICTR (2001) 632
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 634
SELF-INCRIMINATION 634
FUNKE V. FRANCE, EUR. CT. H.R. (1993) 634
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 639
LENGTH OF PROCEEDINGS 640
FIRMENICH V. ARGENTINA, INTER-AM. CM. H.R. (1989) 640
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 644
RETROSPECTIVE CRIMINAL LAWS 646
WELCH V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R. (1995) 646
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 652
PUNISHMENT 653
CONTENTS XVII
INSTRUMENTS
PROSECUTOR V. KAMBANDA, ICTR (2000) 655
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 657
5.4. RIGHTS TO PRIVACY AND RESPECT FOR FAMILY LIFE 659
INSTRUMENTS
SURVEILLANCE, SEARCH AND SEIZURE, AND THE EXCLUSIONARY RULE 662
PECK V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R. (2003) 662
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 670
KLASS AND OTHERS V. GERMANY, EUR. CT. H.R.
(1978) 670
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 676
GARCIA PEREZ V. PERU, INTER-AM. CM. H.R. (1995) 678
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 680
CREMIEUX V. FRANCE, EUR. CT. H.R. (1993) 680
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 684
SEXUAL ORIENTATION AND PRACTICE 685
TOONEN V. AUSTRALIA, UNHRC. (1994) 685
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 689
TRANSGENDERED PERSONS 692
GOODWIN V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R. (2002) 692
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 711
PARENTAL RIGHTS AND THE RIGHT TO FAMILIAL INTEGRITY 711
FEI V. COLOMBIA, UNHRC (1995) 711
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 719
ABORTION 724
BRUGGEMANN AND SCHEUTEN V. FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY,
EUR. CM. H.R. (1977) 724
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 727
PATON V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CM. H.R. (1980) 729
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 734
5.5. FREEDOM OF CONSCIENCE 734
INSTRUMENTS
KOKKINAKIS V. GREECE, EUR. CT. H.R. (1993) 736
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 747
5.6. FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION 750
INSTRUMENTS
DEFAMATION 753
LINGENS V. AUSTRIA, EUR. CT. H.R. (1986) 753
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 762
OFFENSIVE EXPRESSION 768
J.R.T. AND THE W.G. PARTY V. CANADA, UNHRC. (1983) 768
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 770
CONTENTS
MULLER AND OTHERS V. SWITZERLAND, EUR. CT. H.R. (1988) 772
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 786
OPEN DOOR COUNSELLING AND DUBLIN WELL WOMAN V. IRELAND,
EUR. CT. H.R. (1992) 790
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 800
NATIONAL SECURITY 803
THE OBSERVER AND GUARDIAN V.
UNITED KINGDOM ("THE SPYCATCHER
CASE"), EUR. CT. H.R. (1991) 803
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 822
MEDIA ACCESS AND LICENSING, AND COMMERCIAL EXPRESSION 825
BARTHOLD V. FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY, EUR. CT. H.R. (1985) 825
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 840
5.7. FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION AND ASSEMBLY 844
INSTRUMENTS
PLATTFORM 'ARTZEFUR DAS LEBEN V. AUSTRIA, EUR. CT. H.R. (1988) 846
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 849
5.8. RIGHT TO MARRIAGE 851
INSTRUMENTS
GOODWIN V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R. (2002) 852
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 854
JOHNSTON V. IRELAND, EUR. CT. H.R. (1986) 855
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 864
5.9. RIGHT TO VOTE 866
INSTRUMENTS
STATEHOOD SOLIDARITY COMMITTEE V. UNITED STATES, INTER-AM. CM H.R.
(2003) 869
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 880
5.10. ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL RIGHTS 881
INSTRUMENTS
THE NATURE OF STATES PARTIES OBLIGATIONS, ECOSOC CTTE. GENERAL
COMMENT NO. 3 (1990) 891
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 894
FIVE PENSIONERS CASE, INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (2003) 895
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 899
5.10.1. EMPLOYMENT 900
ADVISORY OPINION, JURIDICAL CONDITION AND RIGHTS OF THE
UNDOCUMENTED MIGRANTS, INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (2003) 900
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 911
5.10.2. PROPERTY 911
INSTRUMENTS
THE MAYAGNA (SUMO) AWAS TINGNI COMMUNITY V. NICARAGUA,
INTER-AM. CT. H.R. (2001) 913
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 915
CONTENTS XIX
JAMES V. UNITED KINGDOM, EUR. CT. H.R. (1986) 916
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 930
STRAN GREEK REFINERIES AND STRATIS ANDREADIS V. GREECE (MERITS),
EUR. CT. H.R. (1994) 931
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 936
6. THEORY AND CRITIQUE 938
RICHARD FALK, THE END OF WORLD ORDER: ESSAYS ON NORMATIVE
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
(1983) 938
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 940
LOUIS
HENKIN, THE AGE OF RIGHTS
(1990) 941
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 943
YASH GHAI, UNIVERSALISM AND RELATIVISM: HUMAN RIGHTS AS A
FRAMEWORK FOR NEGOTIATING INTERETHNIC CLAIMS, 21
CARDOZO
L.
REV. 1095-1102(2000) 944
ABDULLAH AHMEN AN-NA'IM, HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE MUSLIM WORLD:
SOCIO-POLITICAL CONDITIONS AND SCRIPTURAL IMPERATIVES, 3 HARV. HUM.
RTS.J. 13(1990) 949
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 956
HILARY CHARLESWORTH, CHRISTINE CHINKIN & SHELLEY WRIGHT, FEMINIST
APPROACHES TO INTERNATIONAL LAW, 85 AM. J. INT'L L. 613 (1991) 956
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 958
THOMAS M. FRANCK, LEGITIMACY IN THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM, 82 AM. J.
INT'L L. 705(1988) 958
DAVID KENNEDY, THE INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS MOVEMENT: PART OF
THE PROBLEM?, 15 HARV. HUM. RTS. J. 101 (2002) 967
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS 986
INDEX 987 |
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| discipline | Rechtswissenschaft |
| discipline_str_mv | Rechtswissenschaft |
| edition | 1. publ. |
| format | Book |
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| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T14:12:50Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T20:37:00Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780521858861 0521858860 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 2005015710 |
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| physical | XXXII, 990 S. |
| publishDate | 2006 |
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| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
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| spelling | International human rights and humanitarian law treaties, cases, and analysis Francisco Forrest Martin ... [et al.] 1. publ. Cambridge [u.a.] Cambridge University Press 2006 XXXII, 990 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Droit humanitaire ram Droit international humanitaire Droits de l'homme (Droit international) Droits de l'homme (droit international) ram Humanitäres Völkerrecht swd Menschenrecht swd Menschenrecht Human rights Humanitarian law Humanitäres Völkerrecht (DE-588)4160781-8 gnd rswk-swf Menschenrecht (DE-588)4074725-6 gnd rswk-swf Menschenrecht (DE-588)4074725-6 s DE-604 Humanitäres Völkerrecht (DE-588)4160781-8 s Martin, Francisco Forrest Sonstige oth http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0513/2005015710.html Table of contents SWB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014708281&sequence=000005&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | International human rights and humanitarian law treaties, cases, and analysis Droit humanitaire ram Droit international humanitaire Droits de l'homme (Droit international) Droits de l'homme (droit international) ram Humanitäres Völkerrecht swd Menschenrecht swd Menschenrecht Human rights Humanitarian law Humanitäres Völkerrecht (DE-588)4160781-8 gnd Menschenrecht (DE-588)4074725-6 gnd |
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| title | International human rights and humanitarian law treaties, cases, and analysis |
| title_auth | International human rights and humanitarian law treaties, cases, and analysis |
| title_exact_search | International human rights and humanitarian law treaties, cases, and analysis |
| title_exact_search_txtP | International human rights and humanitarian law treaties, cases, and analysis |
| title_full | International human rights and humanitarian law treaties, cases, and analysis Francisco Forrest Martin ... [et al.] |
| title_fullStr | International human rights and humanitarian law treaties, cases, and analysis Francisco Forrest Martin ... [et al.] |
| title_full_unstemmed | International human rights and humanitarian law treaties, cases, and analysis Francisco Forrest Martin ... [et al.] |
| title_short | International human rights and humanitarian law |
| title_sort | international human rights and humanitarian law treaties cases and analysis |
| title_sub | treaties, cases, and analysis |
| topic | Droit humanitaire ram Droit international humanitaire Droits de l'homme (Droit international) Droits de l'homme (droit international) ram Humanitäres Völkerrecht swd Menschenrecht swd Menschenrecht Human rights Humanitarian law Humanitäres Völkerrecht (DE-588)4160781-8 gnd Menschenrecht (DE-588)4074725-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Droit humanitaire Droit international humanitaire Droits de l'homme (Droit international) Droits de l'homme (droit international) Humanitäres Völkerrecht Menschenrecht Human rights Humanitarian law |
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