Takeovers and mergers law in Ireland:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Dublin
Round Hall Sweet & Maxwell
1999
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | LVI, 734 S. |
| ISBN: | 1899738983 |
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| adam_text | TAKEOVERS AND MERGERS LAW IN IRELAND BLAINAID CLARKE B.C.L., M.B.S.
(BANKING AND FINANCE), BARRISTER-AT-LAW, STATUTORY LECTURER IN LAW,
U.C.D. DUBLIN ROUND HALL SWEET & MAXWELL 1999 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD
V PREFACE VLI TABLE OF CASES XXIII TABLE OF EUROPEAN LEGISLATION XXXV
TABLE OF LEGISLATION XXXIX TABLE OF STATUTORY INSTRUMENTS XLIX TABLE OF
TAKEOVER RULES LIII PART 1 - INTRODUCTION 1. INTRODUCTION TO MERGERS AND
TAKEOVERS 3 INTRODUCTION 3 A. DEFINITIONS 4 I. TAKEOVER 4 II. MERGER 4
III. TENDER OFFER 5 IV. SUBSTANTIAL ACQUISITION OF SHARES 5 B. METHODS
OF ACQUIRING CONTROL 6 C. FORM OF CONSIDERATION 8 D. VALUATION OF THE
TARGET 10 I. NET ASSET VALUE 11 II. DIVIDEND VALUATION 12 III.
DISCOUNTED CASH FLOW 13 IV. EARNINGS VALUE 14 V. CAPITAL ASSET PRICING
MODEL 15 VI. CONCLUSION 15 2. RATIONALE FOR MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS 17
A. ASSUMPTION ONE - THE MARKET ACCURATELY PRICES SECURITIES 18 I.
SECURITIES MARKETS THEORY 18 II. EFFICIENCY THEORY 21 III. EXPLOITATION
THEORIES 25 IV. OVERPAYMENT THEORY 26 B. ASSUMPTION TWO - THE MARKET
DOES NOT ACCURATELY PRICE SECURITIES 28 I. THE MIS-INVESTMENT HYPOTHESIS
28 II. THE MARKET HYPOTHESIS 29 XIII TABLE OF CONTENTS III. PRIVATE
INFORMATION THEORY 30 C. CONCLUSION 31 PART 2 - REGULATORY FRAMEWORK 3.
THE IRISH TAKEOVER PANEL 35 INTRODUCTION 35 A. THE LONDON PANEL ON
TAKEOVERS AND MERGERS 36 I. THE CITY CODE 36 II. COMPOSITION OF THE
LONDON PANEL 37 III. LONDON PANEL PROCEDURE 37 IV. SELF-REGULATORY BASIS
38 V. ENFORCEMENT 39 VI. JUDICIAL REVIEW 39 B. THE IRISH TAKEOVER PANEL
42 I. TAKEOVERS AND OTHER RELEVANT TRANSACTIONS 42 II. RELEVANT
COMPANIES 43 III. PARTIES TO THE TAKEOVER 45 IV. MEMBERSHIP AND BOARD OF
THE IRISH PANEL 46 V. CHARGES 48 VI. OBJECTS OF THE PANEL 49 VII.
GENERAL PRINCIPLES 50 VFFL. RULES 52 IX. ENFORCEMENT 55 X. JUDICIAL
REVIEW 59 XL EFFECT OF THE ACT 61 XII. SECRECY 62 XIII. LIABILITY OF THE
PANEL 63 XIV. TRANSITION FROM A SELF REGULATORY FRAMEWORK TO A STATUTORY
FRAMEWORK 64 4. THE DRAFT 13TH COMPANY LAW DIRECTIVE 65 A. BACKGROUND 65
B. OBJECTIVES 67 C. FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE 67 D. SCOPE OF THE 1999 PROPOSAL
69 I. TAKEOVER BIDS 69 II. RELEVANT SECURITIES 70 III. UCITS AND
INVESTMENT COMPANIES 71 E. DEFINITIONS 72 F. GENERAL PRINCIPLES 73 G.
SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY 75 I. JURISDICTION AND APPLICABLE LAW 75 II.
CONFIDENTIALITY 78 XIV TABLE OF CONTENTS III. CO-OPERATION 78 IV. POWERS
79 V. COURT INVOLVEMENT 79 H. PROTECTION OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS 81 I.
TRIGGERING THE MANDATORY BID 81 II. ADDRESSEES OF THE OFFER 82 III. THE
AMOUNT OF THE CONSIDERATION 83 IV. THE FORM OF THE CONSIDERATION 84 V.
EQUIVALENT MEANS OF PROTECTION 85 VI. ADDITIONAL MEASURES 85 I.
AMENDMENT TO THE TRANSPARENCY DIRECTIVE 86 J. INFORMATION 87 I. THE
DECISION TO MAKE A BID 87 II. PUBLICATION OF THE OFFER DOCUMENT 87 III.
CONTENTS OF THE OFFER DOCUMENT 88 K. PERIOD FOR ACCEPTANCE OF THE BID 89
L. DISCLOSURE 90 M. OBLIGATIONS OF THE BOARD OF THE OFFEREE COMPANY 91
I. THE PROHIBITION 91 II. EXCEPTIONS TO THE PROHIBITION 92 III. THE
OFFEREE CIRCULAR 93 N. CONDUCT OF THE BID 93 O. CONTACT COMMITTEE 93 P.
SANCTIONS , 94 CONCLUSION 94 5. STOCK EXCHANGE REGULATIONS 97
INTRODUCTION 97 A. STOCK EXCHANGES 98 I. THE IRISH STOCK EXCHANGE 98 II.
THE LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE 103 III. NASDAQ 107 IV. EASDAQ 109 V. THE NEW
YORK STOCK EXCHANGE 110 B. CONTINUING OBLIGATIONS OF LISTED COMPANIES
ILL I. THE ADMISSIONS DIRECTIVE ILL II. THE IRISH STOCK EXCHANGE LISTING
RULES 112 C. LISTING OF SECURITIES 123 I. BRINGING SECURITIES TO A
LISTING 123 II. PRE-EMPTION RIGHTS 127 HI. PROSPECTUS REQUIREMENTS 128
IV. LISTING PARTICULARS 129 V. ENFORCEMENT 134 XV TABLE OF CONTENTS 6.
COMPETITION LAW 135 A. EUROPEAN COMPETITION LAW 135 I. ARTICLE 81 OF THE
TREATY OF ROME (PREVIOUSLY ARTICLE 85) 135 II. ARTICLE [82] OF THE
TREATY OF ROME (PREVIOUSLY ARTICLE [86]) 141 III. ENFORCEMENT OF
ARTICLES 81 AND 82 144 RV. COUNCIL REGULATION 4064/89 (AS AMENDED BY
REGULATION 1310/97) 145 V. CONCLUSION 155 B. DOMESTIC COMPETITION LAW
155 I. THE MERGERS, TAKEOVERS AND MONOPOLIES (CONTROL) ACT 1978 155 II.
THE COMPETITION ACT 1991 163 III. CONCLUSION 184 C. THE UK SYSTEM 185 I.
MERGER OR TAKEOVER 185 II. CRITERIA FOR A REFERRAL TO THE COMPETITION
COMMISSION 186 III. VOLUNTARY NOTIFICATION 186 RV. THE DIRECTOR
GENERAL S ADVICE 187 V. THE COMPETITION COMMISSION EVALUATION 188 VI.
ACTION FOLLOWING THE COMPETITION COMMISSION REPORT.. 189 7. REGULATION
OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS 191 A. CREDIT INSTITUTIONS 191 I. THE CENTRAL
BANK ACTS 1942-97 192 II. THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES (LICENSING AND
SUPERVISION OF CREDIT INSTITUTIONS) REGULATIONS 1992 ... 197 III. THE
TRUSTEE SAVINGS BANK ACT 1989 AND THE ACC BANK ACT 1992 204 IV. THE ICC
BANK ACT 1992 206 V. THE BUILDING SOCIETIES ACT 1989 207 VI. THE CREDIT
UNION ACT 1997 210 B. INVESTMENT BUSINESS FIRMS 213 I. THE INVESTMENT
SERVICES DIRECTIVE 213 II. THE STOCK EXCHANGE ACT 1995 215 III. THE
INVESTMENT INTERMEDIARIES ACT 1995 221 C. INSURANCE FIRMS 227 I. THE
INSURANCE ACT 1989 228 II. THE 1994 REGULATIONS 229 PART 3 -
ACQUISITIONS OF PUBLIC COMPANIES 8. ACQUISITION OF THE BUSINESS OF A
PUBLIC COMPANY 235 XVI TABLE OF CONTENTS A. OFFER TO ACQUIRE THE ASSETS
OF THE OFFEREE 235 I. POWER TO ACQUIRE AND DISPOSE OF ASSETS 235 II.
CONSIDERATION FOR THE ACQUISITION 237 III. INVOLVEMENT OF DIRECTORS 246
IV. SECTION 260 OF THE COMPANIES ACT 1963 248 B. SECTION 201 ARRANGEMENT
250 I. SHAREHOLDER APPROVAL 250 II. COURT APPROVAL 251 III. SECTION 203
ORDER 253 C. EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES (MERGERS AND DIVISION OF COMPANIES)
REGULATIONS 1987 254 I. MERGERS 255 II. DOCUMENTATION 256 III. LIABILITY
FOR BREACHES OF THE REGULATIONS 258 IV. SECTIONS 30 AND 31 OF THE
COMPANIES (AMENDMENT) ACT 1983 259 V. APPROVAL 259 VI. COMPULSORY
PURCHASE OF SHARES 260 VII. COURT APPROVAL 260 VIII. DIVISIONS 262 9.
TRANSFER OF UNDERTAKINGS REGULATIONS 263 A. THE SCOPE OF THE DIRECTIVE &
REGULATIONS 264 I. SHARE SALES 264 II. TRANSFERS DURING INSOLVENCY
PROCEDURES 265 III. TRANSFERS OF NON-PROFIT MAKING UNDERTAKINGS 267 B.
WHAT CONSTITUTES A TRANSFER ? 267 I. TRANSFER OF PART OF AN UNDERTAKING
267 II. LICENSES AND FRANCHISES 269 III. CONTRACTING OUT OF SERVICES 271
C. WHAT IS BEING TRANSFERRED? 274 D. WHAT IS NOT TRANSFERRED? 275 E.
WHAT EMPLOYEES ARE EFFECTED? 276 F. DISMISSALS 277 I. THE PROHIBITION
277 II. ECONOMIC, TECHNICAL OR ORGANISATIONAL REASONS ... 281 III.
OBJECTION TO NEW EMPLOYER 283 IV. VARIATION AND WAIVER OF RIGHTS 284 G.
CONSULTATION WITH EMPLOYEES 287 10. PARTIES TO A TAKEOVER 289
INTRODUCTION 289 A. OFFEROR AND OFFEREE 290 B. CONCERT PARTIES 291 XVU
TABLE OF CONTENTS I. RULE 3.3 CONCERT PARTIES 292 II. ASSOCIATES 294
III. EXEMPT MARKET MAKERS 296 IV. EXEMPT FUND MANAGERS 297 V. CONNECTED
MARKET-MAKER OR FUND MANAGER 298 C. ADVISERS 299 I. DEALINGS AND
DISCLOSURE OF DEALINGS 299 II. COMMUNICATION 300 III. THE ROLE OF
ADVISERS 301 IV. THE PROVISION OF INDEPENDENT ADVICE 302 V. LIABILITY OF
ADVISERS 304 11. ACQUISITION OF THE SHARES OF THE PUBLIC COMPANY 325 A.
A TAKEOVER OFFER TO THE SHAREHOLDERS OF THE OFFEREE 325 I. AN OFFER FOR
ALL THE OFFEREE S SHARES 326 II. A PARTIAL OFFER 337 III. CONSIDERATION
FOR THE ACQUISITION 340 B. AN OFFER TO THE EXISTING CONTROLLERS OF THE
OFFEREE 348 I. POWER TO ACQUIRE SHARES - RULE 5 349 II. THE RULE 9
MANDATORY OFFER 352 III. IRREVOCABLE UNDERTAKINGS 360 IV. THE
SUBSTANTIAL ACQUISITION RULES 360 C. PURCHASE OF SHARES ON THE STOCK
EXCHANGE 361 I. RESTRICTIONS ON DEALING IN SHARES 361 II. DISCLOSURE OF
DEALINGS 361 III. RULES GOVERNING SUBSTANTIAL ACQUISITIONS OF SHARES ..
362 D. PROCURING THE ISSUE OF SHARES TO THE OFFEROR 362 I. POWER TO
ISSUE THE SHARES 362 II. MANDATORY OFFER-RULE 9 363 III. FRUSTRATING
ACTIONS 364 E. A SECTION 201 ARRANGEMENT 365 F. A REVERSE TAKEOVER OFFER
366 I. ATTRACTIONS OF A REVERSE TAKEOVER 366 II. POWER OF THE DIRECTORS
TO MAKE THE ACQUISITION 367 III. INDEPENDENT LEGAL ADVICE 368 IV. STOCK
EXCHANGE LISTING RULES 368 12. PROCEDURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE TAKEOVER
OF A PUBLIC COMPANY 369 INTRODUCTION 369 A. APPROACH TO THE OFFEREE 369
B. ANNOUNCEMENTS 371 I. THE OBLIGATION TO MAKE AN ANNOUNCEMENT 371 II.
THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR MAKING AN ANNOUNCEMENT ... 373 XVRU TABLE OF
CONTENTS III. THE MODE OF ANNOUNCEMENT 374 IV. THE CONTENT OF AN
ANNOUNCEMENT 374 V. THE ANNOUNCEMENT OF A FIRM INTENTION TO MAKE AN
OFFER 374 C. CONDUCT DURING THE OFFER PERIOD 376 I. DEALINGS DURING THE
OFFER PERIOD 376 II. COMMUNICATIONS 377 III. FRUSTRATING ACTIVITIES 380
D. THE MAKING OF THE OFFER AND THE OFFEREE S RESPONSE 380 I. OFFEROR
DOCUMENTS 381 II. OFFEREE BOARD CIRCULARS 390 III. DOCUMENTS ON DISPLAY
393 IV. DOCUMENTS SUBSEQUENTLY SENT TO SHAREHOLDERS 394 E. THE TIMETABLE
FOR THE OFFER 394 I. POSTING OF THE OFFER DOCUMENT AND THE OFFEREE
CIRCULAR 394 II. TIMEFRAME OF THE OFFER 395 III. EXTENSION OF THE OFFER
PERIOD 397 F. REVISION OF AN OFFER AND ALTERNATIVE OFFERS 399 G. RENEWAL
OF AN OFFER 401 13. DEALING RESTRICTIONS AND DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS
DURING THE COURSE OF THE OFFER 403 A. DEALING RESTRICTIONS 404 I.
INSIDER DEALING 404 II. OTHER RESTRICTIONS ON DEALING 436 B. DISCLOSURE
REQUIREMENTS 441 I. COMPANIES ACTS DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS 441 II. IAIM
GUIDELINES 447 III. TAKEOVER RULES 449 IV. SARS 451 V. STOCK EXCHANGE
LISTING RULES DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS 460 PART 4 - ACQUISITION OF
PRIVATE COMPANIES 14. INTRODUCTION & PRE-CONTRACTUAL NEGOTIATIONS 467 A.
FINANCING THE ACQUISITION 467 I. PROHIBITION ON OFFERING SECURITIES TO
THE PUBLIC 468 II. PROHIBITION AGAINST GIVING FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE 473
B. NEGOTIATION 476 I. CONFIDENTIALITY AGREEMENT 476 II. HEADS OF
AGREEMENT 478 XIX TABLE OF CONTENTS 15. DUE DILIGENCE 495 A. SHARES 496
I. TITLE TO SHARES 496 II. REFUSAL TO REGISTER THE TRANSFER OF SHARES
497 III. RESTRICTION ON THE RIGHT TO TRANSFER SHARES 498 IV. OPTIONS 501
B. FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE 501 C. TAX 502 D. LIABILITIES 503 E. ASSETS 504
I. REAL ESTATE 504 II. MACHINERY 507 III. STOCK 508 IV. INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY 508 V. DEBTORS 510 VI. GOODWILL 510 F. EMPLOYEES 511 I.
CONTRACTS OF EMPLOYMENT 511 II. PENSIONS 512 G. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES 517
I. INTEGRATED POLLUTION CONTROL LICENCE 517 II. LICENSES FOR UNSCHEDULED
ACTIVITIES 518 III. WASTE 518 IV. HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK 519 H. THIRD
PARTY CONSENTS 520 I. LITIGATION 521 J. INSURANCE 521 K. CONTRACTS 522
16. THE SALE AGREEMENT 523 A. CONTENTS OF THE SALE AGREEMENT 523 I.
DETAILS OF THE SALE 523 II. PRECONDITIONS 526 III. WARRANTIES 527 IV.
INDEMNITIES 537 V. RESTRICTIVE COVENANTS 538 VI. THE PENSION SCHEDULE
545 VII. CHOICE OF LAW CLAUSE 546 VIII. DISPUTE RESOLUTION CLAUSES 547
IX. COMPLETION OBLIGATIONS 547 X. CONSOLIDATION OF AGREEMENTS 548 B.
REMEDIES 548 I. BREACH OF A CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATION 548 II.
MISREPRESENTATION 554 III. COLLATERAL WARRANTIES AND COLLATERAL
AGREEMENTS 561 XX TABLE OF CONTENTS C. EXEMPTING OR LIMITING LIABILITY
565 I. EXEMPTING & LIMITING CLAUSES 565 II. THE DISCLOSURE LETTER 566
17. COMPLETION 573 A. SHAREHOLDER APPROVAL 573 B. COMPLETION BOARD
MEETING 573 C. DELIVERY OF DOCUMENTS 574 D. VESTING OF ASSETS 575 E.
COMPLETION ACCOUNTS 575 F. CONSIDERATION 575 G. CONSULTATION WITH
EMPLOYEES 575 I. TRANSFER OF UNDERTAKINGS 576 II. THE PROTECTION OF
EMPLOYMENT ACT 1977 576 III. THE TRANSNATIONAL INFORMATION AND
CONSULTATION OF EMPLOYEES ACT 1996 579 IV. THE PROPOSED 13TH DIRECTIVE
581 PART 5 - MANAGEMENT BUY-OUTS 18. MANAGEMENT BUY-OUTS 585 A.
ATTRACTIONS OF AN MBO 585 B. THE MBO VEHICLE 586 C. REGULATION 588 I.
COMMON LAW FIDUCIARY DUTIES 588 II. COMPANIES ACTS 591 III. IRISH
TAKEOVER RULES 599 IV. STOCK EXCHANGE LISTING RULES 602 V. IRISH
ASSOCIATION OF INVESTMENT MANAGERS GUIDELINES 605 PART 6 - RESISTING
TAKEOVER BIDS 19. REGULATING DEFENSIVE ACTIONS 609 INTRODUCTION 609 A.
THE THEORY 609 I. A PROHIBITION ON DEFENSIVE ACTIONS BY DIRECTORS 610
II. PERMITTING DEFENSIVE ACTIONS BY DIRECTORS 612 III. AUCTIONS - A
SPECIAL CASE 617 B. REGULATION OF DEFENSIVE ACTIONS 619 I. SECTION 205
OF THE COMPANIES ACT 1963 620 II. FIDUCIARY DUTIES 631 III. PERSONAL
ACTIONS 640 IV. THE IRISH TAKEOVER RULES 644 XXI TABLE OF CONTENTS 20.
POSSIBLE DEFENSIVE ACTIONS 649 A. DEFENSIVE MEASURES IN ADVANCE OF AN
OFFER 649 I. CREATING VOTING AGREEMENTS BETWEEN SHAREHOLDERS .. 649 II.
CROSS - SHAREHOLDINGS 650 III. ISSUING BLOCKS OF SHARES TO FRIENDLY
HOLDERS 653 IV. OBTAINING PROXY VOTES 655 V. DIRECT USE OF THE VOTES OF
SHARES BENEFICIALLY HELD BY OTHER PARTIES OR HELD IN TRUST FOR OTHER
PARTIES 657 VI. CREATING NON-VOTING CAPITAL AND CAPITAL WITH ENHANCED
VOTING RIGHTS 658 VII. PUTTING ASSETS OUTSIDE THE CONTROL OF
SHAREHOLDERS ... 663 VNI. POISON PILLS 663 IX. BLACKBOOK 671 B.
DEFENSIVE TACTICS ONCE A BID HAS BEEN MADE OR IS IMMINENT 671 I.
REFUSING TO REGISTER TRANSFERS 672 II. ISSUING AND ALLOTTING ADDITIONAL
SHARES 673 III. COMMUNICATION WITH SHAREHOLDERS 674 IV. PROMOTION OF
AUCTIONS 677 V. GREENMAIL 678 VI. MANAGEMENT BUY-OUTS AND LEVERAGE
BUYOUTS 685 VII. REVERSE BEAR HUG 685 VHI. SANDBAG 685 IX. SHOWSTOPPER
685 X. SCORCHED EARTH 686 XI. PAC MAN 686 APPENDIX 1. CITY CODE ON
MERGERS AND TAKEOVERS 687 GENERAL PRINCIPLES 687 APPENDIX 2. AMENDED
PROPOSAL FOR A 13TH EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND COUNCIL DIRECTIVE ON COMPANY
LAW CONCERNING TAKEOVER BIDS 689 APPENDIX 3. AMENDED PROPOSAL FOR A
EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND COUNCIL DIRECTIVE ON COMPANY LAW CONCERNING
TAKEOVER BIDS 699 INDEX 711 XXU
|
| adam_txt |
TAKEOVERS AND MERGERS LAW IN IRELAND BLAINAID CLARKE B.C.L., M.B.S.
(BANKING AND FINANCE), BARRISTER-AT-LAW, STATUTORY LECTURER IN LAW,
U.C.D. DUBLIN ROUND HALL SWEET & MAXWELL 1999 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD
V PREFACE VLI TABLE OF CASES XXIII TABLE OF EUROPEAN LEGISLATION XXXV
TABLE OF LEGISLATION XXXIX TABLE OF STATUTORY INSTRUMENTS XLIX TABLE OF
TAKEOVER RULES LIII PART 1 - INTRODUCTION 1. INTRODUCTION TO MERGERS AND
TAKEOVERS 3 INTRODUCTION 3 A. DEFINITIONS 4 I. TAKEOVER 4 II. MERGER 4
III. TENDER OFFER 5 IV. SUBSTANTIAL ACQUISITION OF SHARES 5 B. METHODS
OF ACQUIRING CONTROL 6 C. FORM OF CONSIDERATION 8 D. VALUATION OF THE
TARGET 10 I. NET ASSET VALUE 11 II. DIVIDEND VALUATION 12 III.
DISCOUNTED CASH FLOW 13 IV. EARNINGS VALUE 14 V. CAPITAL ASSET PRICING
MODEL 15 VI. CONCLUSION 15 2. RATIONALE FOR MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS 17
A. ASSUMPTION ONE - THE MARKET ACCURATELY PRICES SECURITIES 18 I.
SECURITIES MARKETS THEORY 18 II. EFFICIENCY THEORY 21 III. EXPLOITATION
THEORIES 25 IV. OVERPAYMENT THEORY 26 B. ASSUMPTION TWO - THE MARKET
DOES NOT ACCURATELY PRICE SECURITIES 28 I. THE MIS-INVESTMENT HYPOTHESIS
28 II. THE MARKET HYPOTHESIS 29 XIII TABLE OF CONTENTS III. PRIVATE
INFORMATION THEORY 30 C. CONCLUSION 31 PART 2 - REGULATORY FRAMEWORK 3.
THE IRISH TAKEOVER PANEL 35 INTRODUCTION 35 A. THE LONDON PANEL ON
TAKEOVERS AND MERGERS 36 I. THE CITY CODE 36 II. COMPOSITION OF THE
LONDON PANEL 37 III. LONDON PANEL PROCEDURE 37 IV. SELF-REGULATORY BASIS
38 V. ENFORCEMENT 39 VI. JUDICIAL REVIEW 39 B. THE IRISH TAKEOVER PANEL
42 I. TAKEOVERS AND OTHER RELEVANT TRANSACTIONS 42 II. RELEVANT
COMPANIES 43 III. PARTIES TO THE TAKEOVER 45 IV. MEMBERSHIP AND BOARD OF
THE IRISH PANEL 46 V. CHARGES 48 VI. OBJECTS OF THE PANEL 49 VII.
GENERAL PRINCIPLES 50 VFFL. RULES 52 IX. ENFORCEMENT 55 X. JUDICIAL
REVIEW 59 XL EFFECT OF THE ACT 61 XII. SECRECY 62 XIII. LIABILITY OF THE
PANEL 63 XIV. TRANSITION FROM A SELF REGULATORY FRAMEWORK TO A STATUTORY
FRAMEWORK 64 4. THE DRAFT 13TH COMPANY LAW DIRECTIVE 65 A. BACKGROUND 65
B. OBJECTIVES 67 C. FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE 67 D. SCOPE OF THE 1999 PROPOSAL
69 I. TAKEOVER BIDS 69 II. RELEVANT SECURITIES 70 III. UCITS AND
INVESTMENT COMPANIES 71 E. DEFINITIONS 72 F. GENERAL PRINCIPLES 73 G.
SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY 75 I. JURISDICTION AND APPLICABLE LAW 75 II.
CONFIDENTIALITY 78 XIV TABLE OF CONTENTS III. CO-OPERATION 78 IV. POWERS
79 V. COURT INVOLVEMENT 79 H. PROTECTION OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS 81 I.
TRIGGERING THE MANDATORY BID 81 II. ADDRESSEES OF THE OFFER 82 III. THE
AMOUNT OF THE CONSIDERATION 83 IV. THE FORM OF THE CONSIDERATION 84 V.
EQUIVALENT MEANS OF PROTECTION 85 VI. ADDITIONAL MEASURES 85 I.
AMENDMENT TO THE TRANSPARENCY DIRECTIVE 86 J. INFORMATION 87 I. THE
DECISION TO MAKE A BID 87 II. PUBLICATION OF THE OFFER DOCUMENT 87 III.
CONTENTS OF THE OFFER DOCUMENT 88 K. PERIOD FOR ACCEPTANCE OF THE BID 89
L. DISCLOSURE 90 M. OBLIGATIONS OF THE BOARD OF THE OFFEREE COMPANY 91
I. THE PROHIBITION 91 II. EXCEPTIONS TO THE PROHIBITION 92 III. THE
OFFEREE CIRCULAR 93 N. CONDUCT OF THE BID 93 O. CONTACT COMMITTEE 93 P.
SANCTIONS , 94 CONCLUSION 94 5. STOCK EXCHANGE REGULATIONS 97
INTRODUCTION 97 A. STOCK EXCHANGES 98 I. THE IRISH STOCK EXCHANGE 98 II.
THE LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE 103 III. NASDAQ 107 IV. EASDAQ 109 V. THE NEW
YORK STOCK EXCHANGE 110 B. CONTINUING OBLIGATIONS OF LISTED COMPANIES
ILL I. THE ADMISSIONS DIRECTIVE ILL II. THE IRISH STOCK EXCHANGE LISTING
RULES 112 C. LISTING OF SECURITIES 123 I. BRINGING SECURITIES TO A
LISTING 123 II. PRE-EMPTION RIGHTS 127 HI. PROSPECTUS REQUIREMENTS 128
IV. LISTING PARTICULARS 129 V. ENFORCEMENT 134 XV TABLE OF CONTENTS 6.
COMPETITION LAW 135 A. EUROPEAN COMPETITION LAW 135 I. ARTICLE 81 OF THE
TREATY OF ROME (PREVIOUSLY ARTICLE 85) 135 II. ARTICLE [82] OF THE
TREATY OF ROME (PREVIOUSLY ARTICLE [86]) 141 III. ENFORCEMENT OF
ARTICLES 81 AND 82 144 RV. COUNCIL REGULATION 4064/89 (AS AMENDED BY
REGULATION 1310/97) 145 V. CONCLUSION 155 B. DOMESTIC COMPETITION LAW
155 I. THE MERGERS, TAKEOVERS AND MONOPOLIES (CONTROL) ACT 1978 155 II.
THE COMPETITION ACT 1991 163 III. CONCLUSION 184 C. THE UK SYSTEM 185 I.
MERGER OR TAKEOVER 185 II. CRITERIA FOR A REFERRAL TO THE COMPETITION
COMMISSION 186 III. VOLUNTARY NOTIFICATION 186 RV. THE DIRECTOR
GENERAL'S ADVICE 187 V. THE COMPETITION COMMISSION EVALUATION 188 VI.
ACTION FOLLOWING THE COMPETITION COMMISSION REPORT. 189 7. REGULATION
OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS 191 A. CREDIT INSTITUTIONS 191 I. THE CENTRAL
BANK ACTS 1942-97 192 II. THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES (LICENSING AND
SUPERVISION OF CREDIT INSTITUTIONS) REGULATIONS 1992 . 197 III. THE
TRUSTEE SAVINGS BANK ACT 1989 AND THE ACC BANK ACT 1992 204 IV. THE ICC
BANK ACT 1992 206 V. THE BUILDING SOCIETIES ACT 1989 207 VI. THE CREDIT
UNION ACT 1997 210 B. INVESTMENT BUSINESS FIRMS 213 I. THE INVESTMENT
SERVICES DIRECTIVE 213 II. THE STOCK EXCHANGE ACT 1995 215 III. THE
INVESTMENT INTERMEDIARIES ACT 1995 221 C. INSURANCE FIRMS 227 I. THE
INSURANCE ACT 1989 228 II. THE 1994 REGULATIONS 229 PART 3 -
ACQUISITIONS OF PUBLIC COMPANIES 8. ACQUISITION OF THE BUSINESS OF A
PUBLIC COMPANY 235 XVI TABLE OF CONTENTS A. OFFER TO ACQUIRE THE ASSETS
OF THE OFFEREE 235 I. POWER TO ACQUIRE AND DISPOSE OF ASSETS 235 II.
CONSIDERATION FOR THE ACQUISITION 237 III. INVOLVEMENT OF DIRECTORS 246
IV. SECTION 260 OF THE COMPANIES ACT 1963 248 B. SECTION 201 ARRANGEMENT
250 I. SHAREHOLDER APPROVAL 250 II. COURT APPROVAL 251 III. SECTION 203
ORDER 253 C. EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES (MERGERS AND DIVISION OF COMPANIES)
REGULATIONS 1987 254 I. MERGERS 255 II. DOCUMENTATION 256 III. LIABILITY
FOR BREACHES OF THE REGULATIONS 258 IV. SECTIONS 30 AND 31 OF THE
COMPANIES (AMENDMENT) ACT 1983 259 V. APPROVAL 259 VI. COMPULSORY
PURCHASE OF SHARES 260 VII. COURT APPROVAL 260 VIII. DIVISIONS 262 9.
TRANSFER OF UNDERTAKINGS REGULATIONS 263 A. THE SCOPE OF THE DIRECTIVE &
REGULATIONS 264 I. SHARE SALES 264 II. TRANSFERS DURING INSOLVENCY
PROCEDURES 265 III. TRANSFERS OF NON-PROFIT MAKING UNDERTAKINGS 267 B.
WHAT CONSTITUTES A "TRANSFER"? 267 I. TRANSFER OF PART OF AN UNDERTAKING
267 II. LICENSES AND FRANCHISES 269 III. CONTRACTING OUT OF SERVICES 271
C. WHAT IS BEING TRANSFERRED? 274 D. WHAT IS NOT TRANSFERRED? 275 E.
WHAT EMPLOYEES ARE EFFECTED? 276 F. DISMISSALS 277 I. THE PROHIBITION
277 II. "ECONOMIC, TECHNICAL OR ORGANISATIONAL REASONS" . 281 III.
OBJECTION TO NEW EMPLOYER 283 IV. VARIATION AND WAIVER OF RIGHTS 284 G.
CONSULTATION WITH EMPLOYEES 287 10. PARTIES TO A TAKEOVER 289
INTRODUCTION 289 A. OFFEROR AND OFFEREE 290 B. CONCERT PARTIES 291 XVU
TABLE OF CONTENTS I. RULE 3.3 CONCERT PARTIES 292 II. ASSOCIATES 294
III. EXEMPT MARKET MAKERS 296 IV. EXEMPT FUND MANAGERS 297 V. CONNECTED
MARKET-MAKER OR FUND MANAGER 298 C. ADVISERS 299 I. DEALINGS AND
DISCLOSURE OF DEALINGS 299 II. COMMUNICATION 300 III. THE ROLE OF
ADVISERS 301 IV. THE PROVISION OF INDEPENDENT ADVICE 302 V. LIABILITY OF
ADVISERS 304 11. ACQUISITION OF THE SHARES OF THE PUBLIC COMPANY 325 A.
A TAKEOVER OFFER TO THE SHAREHOLDERS OF THE OFFEREE 325 I. AN OFFER FOR
ALL THE OFFEREE'S SHARES 326 II. A PARTIAL OFFER 337 III. CONSIDERATION
FOR THE ACQUISITION 340 B. AN OFFER TO THE EXISTING CONTROLLERS OF THE
OFFEREE 348 I. POWER TO ACQUIRE SHARES - RULE 5 349 II. THE RULE 9
MANDATORY OFFER 352 III. IRREVOCABLE UNDERTAKINGS 360 IV. THE
SUBSTANTIAL ACQUISITION RULES 360 C. PURCHASE OF SHARES ON THE STOCK
EXCHANGE 361 I. RESTRICTIONS ON DEALING IN SHARES 361 II. DISCLOSURE OF
DEALINGS 361 III. RULES GOVERNING SUBSTANTIAL ACQUISITIONS OF SHARES .
362 D. PROCURING THE ISSUE OF SHARES TO THE OFFEROR 362 I. POWER TO
ISSUE THE SHARES 362 II. MANDATORY OFFER-RULE 9 363 III. FRUSTRATING
ACTIONS 364 E. A SECTION 201 ARRANGEMENT 365 F. A REVERSE TAKEOVER OFFER
366 I. ATTRACTIONS OF A REVERSE TAKEOVER 366 II. POWER OF THE DIRECTORS
TO MAKE THE ACQUISITION 367 III. INDEPENDENT LEGAL ADVICE 368 IV. STOCK
EXCHANGE LISTING RULES 368 12. PROCEDURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE TAKEOVER
OF A PUBLIC COMPANY 369 INTRODUCTION 369 A. APPROACH TO THE OFFEREE 369
B. ANNOUNCEMENTS 371 I. THE OBLIGATION TO MAKE AN ANNOUNCEMENT 371 II.
THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR MAKING AN ANNOUNCEMENT . 373 XVRU TABLE OF
CONTENTS III. THE MODE OF ANNOUNCEMENT 374 IV. THE CONTENT OF AN
ANNOUNCEMENT 374 V. THE ANNOUNCEMENT OF A FIRM INTENTION TO MAKE AN
OFFER 374 C. CONDUCT DURING THE OFFER PERIOD 376 I. DEALINGS DURING THE
OFFER PERIOD 376 II. COMMUNICATIONS 377 III. FRUSTRATING ACTIVITIES 380
D. THE MAKING OF THE OFFER AND THE OFFEREE'S RESPONSE 380 I. OFFEROR
DOCUMENTS 381 II. OFFEREE BOARD CIRCULARS 390 III. DOCUMENTS ON DISPLAY
393 IV. DOCUMENTS SUBSEQUENTLY SENT TO SHAREHOLDERS 394 E. THE TIMETABLE
FOR THE OFFER 394 I. POSTING OF THE OFFER DOCUMENT AND THE OFFEREE
CIRCULAR 394 II. TIMEFRAME OF THE OFFER 395 III. EXTENSION OF THE OFFER
PERIOD 397 F. REVISION OF AN OFFER AND ALTERNATIVE OFFERS 399 G. RENEWAL
OF AN OFFER 401 13. DEALING RESTRICTIONS AND DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS
DURING THE COURSE OF THE OFFER 403 A. DEALING RESTRICTIONS 404 I.
INSIDER DEALING 404 II. OTHER RESTRICTIONS ON DEALING 436 B. DISCLOSURE
REQUIREMENTS 441 I. COMPANIES ACTS DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS 441 II. IAIM
GUIDELINES 447 III. TAKEOVER RULES 449 IV. SARS 451 V. STOCK EXCHANGE
LISTING RULES DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS 460 PART 4 - ACQUISITION OF
PRIVATE COMPANIES 14. INTRODUCTION & PRE-CONTRACTUAL NEGOTIATIONS 467 A.
FINANCING THE ACQUISITION 467 I. PROHIBITION ON OFFERING SECURITIES TO
THE PUBLIC 468 II. PROHIBITION AGAINST GIVING FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE 473
B. NEGOTIATION 476 I. CONFIDENTIALITY AGREEMENT 476 II. HEADS OF
AGREEMENT 478 XIX TABLE OF CONTENTS 15. DUE DILIGENCE 495 A. SHARES 496
I. TITLE TO SHARES 496 II. REFUSAL TO REGISTER THE TRANSFER OF SHARES
497 III. RESTRICTION ON THE RIGHT TO TRANSFER SHARES 498 IV. OPTIONS 501
B. FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE 501 C. TAX 502 D. LIABILITIES 503 E. ASSETS 504
I. REAL ESTATE 504 II. MACHINERY 507 III. STOCK 508 IV. INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY 508 V. DEBTORS 510 VI. GOODWILL 510 F. EMPLOYEES 511 I.
CONTRACTS OF EMPLOYMENT 511 II. PENSIONS 512 G. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES 517
I. INTEGRATED POLLUTION CONTROL LICENCE 517 II. LICENSES FOR UNSCHEDULED
ACTIVITIES 518 III. WASTE 518 IV. HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK 519 H. THIRD
PARTY CONSENTS 520 I. LITIGATION 521 J. INSURANCE 521 K. CONTRACTS 522
16. THE SALE AGREEMENT 523 A. CONTENTS OF THE SALE AGREEMENT 523 I.
DETAILS OF THE SALE 523 II. PRECONDITIONS 526 III. WARRANTIES 527 IV.
INDEMNITIES 537 V. RESTRICTIVE COVENANTS 538 VI. THE PENSION SCHEDULE
545 VII. CHOICE OF LAW CLAUSE 546 VIII. DISPUTE RESOLUTION CLAUSES 547
IX. COMPLETION OBLIGATIONS 547 X. CONSOLIDATION OF AGREEMENTS 548 B.
REMEDIES 548 I. BREACH OF A CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATION 548 II.
MISREPRESENTATION 554 III. COLLATERAL WARRANTIES AND COLLATERAL
AGREEMENTS 561 XX TABLE OF CONTENTS C. EXEMPTING OR LIMITING LIABILITY
565 I. EXEMPTING & LIMITING CLAUSES 565 II. THE DISCLOSURE LETTER 566
17. COMPLETION 573 A. SHAREHOLDER APPROVAL 573 B. COMPLETION BOARD
MEETING 573 C. DELIVERY OF DOCUMENTS 574 D. VESTING OF ASSETS 575 E.
COMPLETION ACCOUNTS 575 F. CONSIDERATION 575 G. CONSULTATION WITH
EMPLOYEES 575 I. TRANSFER OF UNDERTAKINGS 576 II. THE PROTECTION OF
EMPLOYMENT ACT 1977 576 III. THE TRANSNATIONAL INFORMATION AND
CONSULTATION OF EMPLOYEES ACT 1996 579 IV. THE PROPOSED 13TH DIRECTIVE
581 PART 5 - MANAGEMENT BUY-OUTS 18. MANAGEMENT BUY-OUTS 585 A.
ATTRACTIONS OF AN MBO 585 B. THE MBO VEHICLE 586 C. REGULATION 588 I.
COMMON LAW FIDUCIARY DUTIES 588 II. COMPANIES ACTS 591 III. IRISH
TAKEOVER RULES 599 IV. STOCK EXCHANGE LISTING RULES 602 V. IRISH
ASSOCIATION OF INVESTMENT MANAGERS GUIDELINES 605 PART 6 - RESISTING
TAKEOVER BIDS 19. REGULATING DEFENSIVE ACTIONS 609 INTRODUCTION 609 A.
THE THEORY 609 I. A PROHIBITION ON DEFENSIVE ACTIONS BY DIRECTORS 610
II. PERMITTING DEFENSIVE ACTIONS BY DIRECTORS 612 III. AUCTIONS - A
SPECIAL CASE 617 B. REGULATION OF DEFENSIVE ACTIONS 619 I. SECTION 205
OF THE COMPANIES ACT 1963 620 II. FIDUCIARY DUTIES 631 III. PERSONAL
ACTIONS 640 IV. THE IRISH TAKEOVER RULES 644 XXI TABLE OF CONTENTS 20.
POSSIBLE DEFENSIVE ACTIONS 649 A. DEFENSIVE MEASURES IN ADVANCE OF AN
OFFER 649 I. CREATING VOTING AGREEMENTS BETWEEN SHAREHOLDERS . 649 II.
CROSS - SHAREHOLDINGS 650 III. ISSUING BLOCKS OF SHARES TO FRIENDLY
HOLDERS 653 IV. OBTAINING PROXY VOTES 655 V. DIRECT USE OF THE VOTES OF
SHARES BENEFICIALLY HELD BY OTHER PARTIES OR HELD IN TRUST FOR OTHER
PARTIES 657 VI. CREATING NON-VOTING CAPITAL AND CAPITAL WITH ENHANCED
VOTING RIGHTS 658 VII. PUTTING ASSETS OUTSIDE THE CONTROL OF
SHAREHOLDERS . 663 VNI. POISON PILLS 663 IX. BLACKBOOK 671 B.
DEFENSIVE TACTICS ONCE A BID HAS BEEN MADE OR IS IMMINENT 671 I.
REFUSING TO REGISTER TRANSFERS 672 II. ISSUING AND ALLOTTING ADDITIONAL
SHARES 673 III. COMMUNICATION WITH SHAREHOLDERS 674 IV. PROMOTION OF
AUCTIONS 677 V. GREENMAIL 678 VI. MANAGEMENT BUY-OUTS AND LEVERAGE
BUYOUTS 685 VII. REVERSE BEAR HUG 685 VHI. SANDBAG 685 IX. SHOWSTOPPER
685 X. SCORCHED EARTH 686 XI. PAC MAN 686 APPENDIX 1. CITY CODE ON
MERGERS AND TAKEOVERS 687 GENERAL PRINCIPLES 687 APPENDIX 2. AMENDED
PROPOSAL FOR A 13TH EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND COUNCIL DIRECTIVE ON COMPANY
LAW CONCERNING TAKEOVER BIDS 689 APPENDIX 3. AMENDED PROPOSAL FOR A
EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND COUNCIL DIRECTIVE ON COMPANY LAW CONCERNING
TAKEOVER BIDS 699 INDEX 711 XXU |
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| index_date | 2024-07-02T14:06:51Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T20:36:25Z |
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| language | English |
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| spellingShingle | Clarke, Blanaid Takeovers and mergers law in Ireland |
| title | Takeovers and mergers law in Ireland |
| title_auth | Takeovers and mergers law in Ireland |
| title_exact_search | Takeovers and mergers law in Ireland |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Takeovers and mergers law in Ireland |
| title_full | Takeovers and mergers law in Ireland Blainaid Clarke |
| title_fullStr | Takeovers and mergers law in Ireland Blainaid Clarke |
| title_full_unstemmed | Takeovers and mergers law in Ireland Blainaid Clarke |
| title_short | Takeovers and mergers law in Ireland |
| title_sort | takeovers and mergers law in ireland |
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