Winchester Cathedral early manuscripts collection:
Gespeichert in:
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| Format: | Mikrofilm Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London
World Microfilms Publ.
1983
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | NST: The Winchester Cathedral manuscript collection |
| Beschreibung: | 7 Mikrofilme 35 mm |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804135151773417472 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | THE WINCHESTER BIBLE
and the
WINCHESTER CATHEDRAL
MANUSCRIPT COLLECTION
CATALOGUE
With Introduction
THE WINCHESTER BIBLE
On
and Catalogue of the Initials (printed separately) by SIR WALTER
OAKESHOTT.
THE WINCHESTER CATHEDRAL MANUSCRIPT COLLECTION
On
and Catalogue by BARBARA CARPENTER TURNER.
.
Microworid House,
Telephone:
THE WINCHESTER CATHEDRAL
MANUSCRIPT COLLECTION
On
Catalogue of Manuscripts, with an Introduction
By Barbara Carpenter-Turner, Deputy
Librarian, Winchester Cathedral Library
(c)
INTRODUCTION
Soma aanuscrlpts
fo
The texts described briefly in this short note are manuscripts
in the present library of Winchester Cathedral, with the addition of
one Item from the archives, a cartulary of St. Swithun s Priory. Only
a few books made in Winchester survive in the city from the monastic
period. Of these the Winchester Bible is by far the most famous, but
the earliest text is a copy of Bede s Ecclesiastical History which was
written before the Normans rebuilt the Saxon Oldminster. The Cathedral s
Bede
the city before
originated in Glastonbury, perhaps it was brought to Winchester by
Henry
has been called the Romanesque Revival of the twelfth century,
St. Swithun s Priory then gained some splendid books. The great Vulgate
Bible (Ms.
(Ms. IV), a copy of St. Augustine on St. John s Gospel (Ms. II) and a
Jerome (Ms. V) remain as vivid reminders of a period of intellectual
exercised by Cassiodorus in his monatery in Southern Italy could
influence the life of an English monastery, and his great library at
Vivarioum had not been forgotten. Other Winchester books of the twelfth
and thirteenth centuries survive in other libraries. Locally, a copy of
Paschasius Radbertus (the lamentations of Jeremiah) (Winchester College
Ms.
hand, and some of its initials use the purple colour to be found in the
Cathedral s St. Augustine, undoubtedly a Priory book. Some of the twelfth
century books had characteristic bindings, stamped (on leather) with
designs of birds and beasts, and particularly associated with Henry
Blois. A generous gift from Mr. C.W. Dyson Perrins, the Hegesippua
(Ms. XX), has this splendid kind of binding, which is found also on the
Winchester Psalter (now in the British Library), almost certainly
written for Henry
known as the Winchester Domesday, which consists of two twelfth century
surveys of the city, and is now in the Library of the Society of
Antiquaries of London. The first recorded owner of the Domesday was
Dean John Young (d.
scripts made by his brother Patrick, James
- 3 -
- 4 -
The evidence of the Dean s diary suggests that this list could have
been compiled on one of Patrick s Christmas visits to Winchester. The
Domesday may have been collected by Patrick Young or perhaps it was
amongst the archives of St. Cross Hospital, founded by
where the Dean s father, Sir Peter Young (d.
and absentee master. There was a library at St. Cross, and the earliest
surviving library lists in Winchester are those of an ancient library
there and of the additions to that library made by Master John
Campeden,
Some of the Cathedral manuscripts may have originated in other
religious houses, and there is also evidence of
scripts between Winchester College and the Cathedral. The so-called
Liber
two parts for many years and still continues so,
the joint ownership of the College and the Cathedral. William of
Wykehara directed that this book should be read in his School: it was
frequently used thus in monastic refectories because of its suitable
content. Both parts are now in the Cathedral Library through the
generous action of the Warden and Fellow of Winchesc
remain Che owners of Part One, a book which they deposited in the
Cathedral in
Register of Statutes and Writs (Ms.
Chapter in
books of that period, though it was not made in Winchester and is a
working book of reference for lawyers.
There was certainly a distinction in late monastic times between
books in the private ownership of monks and books which belonged
the Library. Mr. N.R.
Winchester monk in
St. Swithun s in the mid fifteenth century. The great Concordance of
Conrad
book, in the Library of
revival associated with the work of the historian Thomas Rudborne
(d.c.
Winchester, but who may have been the Cathedral s Librarian. The
fifteenth century copy of Trivetts account of the Plantagenets
(Ms.
which contains the Colden Legend (Ms.XI), (there were other copies of
the Legend in Winchester) and the life of Godefrey the Hermit (Ms.X)
the last quarter of the 15th century the then Prior, Thomas Silkstead,
probably bought the paper book containing inter alia the earliest
English-Latin dictionary, Promptorium Parvulorum (Ms.XV), though the
mere face of Silkscead s name in it does not prove him the purchaser.
When the last Prior (who was also the first Dean), William Kingsmill,
died in
were only valued at
but there were twenty horded books in his lodgings in the Tabard at
Southwark, as well as five parchment-covered books kept in his private
- 5 -
chapel there. These twenty five books were not given any separate
valuation nor are their titles revealed. Significantly perhaps the
man chiefly responsible for the Dean s inventory was William Lawrence,
a distinguished Winchester lawyer who still kept to the old beliefs.
The.Cathedral Library had in fact almost reached the point when it was
politically unwise, even dangerous, Co possess the wrong books.
In the detailed account roll apparently drawn up immediately after
the surrender of the Priory, and before Dean Kingsmill s temporary
appointment as
books. In May
to make a Library in a convenient and decent
with such books as should be from time to tine appointed . By November
of that year, the new library was finished , and in
his injunctions that five marks a year was to be spent on books, but
there is nothing to suggest that any particular care was taken for the
manuscripts, though the. archives of the Dean and Chapter were kept in
a separate
was probably where the Morley. Library is today. It too had a
wickette gate, and its fittings wer.e apparently modelled on those of
the Grey Friars Library at Southampton,. It was presumably from this
librarythat George Ryves, in
Bodleian Library.
The contents, of the library at St. Cross in the late mediaeval
period were mainly musical, but there is evidence.that in Peter Young s
time as Master and in John Young s time as
ment of archives between, the Cathedral and the Hospital. The Library in
St.Cross, used presumably by its large clerical staff, and by the
Hospital s small school and its schoolmaster, survived the Reformation,
and seems to have been Intermittently maintained by the Dean and Chapter;
on the death of Bishop Mprley in
necessary to send down to the. Hospital and sort out the Bishop s books
from the other books there. The Cathedral is fortunate that before the
Civil War its manuscripts were list
early 17th century. Canons gave valuable texts to the collection. Three
mediaeval manuscripts were .given to the Library by Doctor John Bridges
(d
part in the Marpvelate controversy. The life of St. Nicholas of
by John the Deacon, a thirteenLh century book, has local interest since
it also contains some elegaic verse on the death of Henry
(Ms. III). A second book, from the same donor, is the so called Harmony
of the Cospels,
hand, made in Winchester. Bridges also gave the 14th century Legend
of the Holy Cross (Ms. IX) whose first owner was perhaps a Canon of
Southwell. A near contemporary of Bridges, Doctor John
presented the Library with an (anonymous) 13th century compendium of
Theology (Ms. VI). These gifts, from two Cathedral canons, came at an
interesting time when church, libraries were being revived and reinforced
for their increasingly important role in the theological controversy of
the day, and when Archbishop George Abbot, a former Dean, died in
he left the Cathedral a number of printed books. After the execution of
Charles I, and the abolition of the Dean and Chapter, the contents of
the Cathedral s library were sent to London, listed in
ually presented to Winchester College in accordance with the terms of
a resolution of the House of Commons. In
great majority of the manuscripts, but there were losses and the
- 6 -
Cathedral s copy of Bede s MartyrologyCthough recorded in
1935)and Alculn s letters seem to have disappeared for ever. Other
manuscripts have been mutilated, including the great Bible and Bede s
History. Dean
covered in olive green morocco, and had its leaf-edges regilded. In the
second half of the nineteenth century, the Cathedral librarian, Canon
Madge, who served the library for some fifty years, was able to begin
the work of Cataloguing with the help and advice of Charles
G.F. Warner. In recent years, the Cathedral Library and all those who
work in it have been immeasurably indebted to- Sir Wa ieer Oakeshott, the
Honorary Librarian from
care of the Library and for his study of its great Bible.
The Winchester Cathedral Manuscript Collection
LIST OF CONTENTS
Ms. No.
REEL ONE
Ms I
Latin, vellum,
the binding dates from
a chain: i.e. it dates from the short period when the Cathedral
had a chained
the manuscript ends with the Prologue to a poem
Ethelwulf. The poem itself,- and the remaining leaves of this
book are bound up at the end of B.L. Ms, Cott. Tit. D.
(formerly ff.
was badly damaged inthe great fire of
removal of the poem is,not known. The History is a late 10th
century copy in several English hands, perhaps from an Irish
exampler:
in Winchester by 14th century. The book was first described by
G F
scription in Charles Plummer s edition of Bede s works. The
Cathedral had a copy of Bede s Marty^ology, but that has not
been seen since the end of the 17th century, and the reference in
Eyre s list of
logy were in one volume, bound together. The
only book to survive in Winchester from the days of the Saxon
Oldminster, before the Normans rebuilt the Cathedral.
Ms II Augustine. Tractates on St. John s Gospel Latin vellum, r£.z74.
A beautiful early twelfth-century manuscript written in a
Winchester hand, and containing the Anathema, the curse on any
one who takes the book away from the Church of St. Swithun in
Winchester, f.261, Life of St. Augustine by St. Posaidius. The
first tract has a colophon, explicit tractatus, but in other
rubrics, the words tractatus, sermo and homelia are used
indiscrimately. Small notes on fly leaves at end in various
13th century hands.
- 7 -
Ma III John the Deacon;
f.98(v), Osbonus,
sixty four lines in elgaic verse on the death of Henry
Latin, vellum ff
capitals. Gicen to the Cathedral Library by Dr. John Bridges
(d.
REEL TWO
Ms IV Cassiodorus Senator: Commentary on the Psalms
Latin, vellum, ff.
two duplicate pages used as lining to covers front and back.
Written in the Cathedral Priory in the early twelfth century,
contemporary with the writing of the text of the Winchester
Bvble. Splendidly illuminated with the characteristic feather
spiral decoration which appears in Volume II of the Winchester
Bible and to which
attention in The Two Winchester Bibles. He has also shown that
the hands of the first part of this Cassiodorus must belong to
the same scriptorium as those of the Winchester Bible. This
Commentary by Cassiodorus forms the fourth part of the author s
major work, the Institute. It was a well known text as a
separate volume.
Ms V Uleronymus: St. Jerome s Commentary on Isaiah, Latin, vellum,
ff
bronze clip for chain on front cover. A Winchester book, illumin¬
ated by a hand found in part of the Priory Cartulary B.L. Add
Ms.
College Library before
al society, The Library, (March
REEL THREE
Ms VI Compendium of Theology (anonymous): Small folio, vellum
four books. 13th century, with original, damaged, covers. Given
to the Cathedral Library by Dr. John
16
of St. Mary Magdalene
Master, a pious doctor in divinity, a learned prebendary of the
Cathedral church of Winchester .
Ms
century differing hands, originally
Includes Marbodus of
a moralized bestiary, an abridgement of Remigius of Auxerre,
Celebratone
P.L.
- 8 -
Ms
of the New Testament: vellum, ff.
illuminated blue and red initials known as Unum Ex Quattuor.
the Harmony of the Gospels, This
suggests, is an attempt to compile a life of Jesus from
the Cospels arranged in a simple sequence. Zachary of
Besancon s work is almost unknown in English Libraries. It is
a Vulgate harmony, with the Lucan prologue and then the first
five verses
a reformer before the Reformation.
him . A careful late copy with many corrections, the text
preceded by an index. Dr. W.F. Oakeshott has recently
attributed some of its illuminations to a late hand in the
Winchester Bible. If therefore, it was a Winchester book,
its return to the Cathedral by Dr. John Bridges in
suggests some interesting speculation as to what happened to
it after (and when) it left the Priory Library.
REEL FOUR
Ms IX Legend of the Holy Cross (modern title) including a collecc-
ion of various historical and romantic works, Vellum, Latin
ff.22O, 14th century. First owner perhaps Helie
Canon of Southwell
Popes and emperors: f3, Revelation of S. Wilfred at Meaux,
inspiring him to found the church of St. Mary at Southwell:
r.4 Legend of the Holy Cross: f.7 Martin
Dares Phrygius, (the Trojan War), f.118 Geoffrey of Honmouth.
Folio
Doctor John Bridges in c.1611. On Young s list as
Polonu
1652
Ms X Codricum Heremltum by Geoffrey, a monk of
latin, ff
(с. 1069-П78)
in Durham; author of the earliest surviving Middle English
verse which he set to his own music, including a Hymn to
St. Nicholad, which perhaps explains the book s presence in
Winchester before
on front cover.
Ms XI
with
Anonymous, no title, in various early 15th century English
hands;
Advent to the twenty-fourth after Trinity. The Prologue to
the Golden Legend begins on
two columns. Each life begins with a small but richly illumin¬
ated initial in blue and red with gold leaf. The last two
- 9 -
Ms XI pages have been cue out, and preparations «ere apparently made to
(Contd) cut out at least one other leaf. More than one hundred and sixty
lives are complete, including some twenty seven saints to whom
local Winchester churches were
composed between
sermons, Dominican Friar Jacobus
Genoa, (d.c.
of all mediaeval texts. The provenance of this copy is unknown:
there was at least one copy of the Legend at St. Cross by
another was in St. John s House in Winchester, and the city also
had a Dominican Friary; it is not however on Patrick Young s list,
and this may suggest that it came from St. Cross (after
REEL FIVE
Ms
Ms
Ms
WINCH¬
ESTER
COLLECE
FELLOWS
LIBRARY
Ms.
Nicolas Trive tt:
Plantagenet
a near contemporary index (fl-8(v)) at the front, forming a
separate section to the book. The
with gragments of an account roll; contemporary foliation in
numerals, the whole contained in a worn parchment cover. Rubricated
headings, obits, and a face drawn in edge of the left hand margin
of (f
Legate (Ottobon)
water marks.
Annales
Revelatlonea
columns ot JJ lines, in an English or northern French script. 17th
century binding, the covers tied with tapes. The visions and
discourses of Elizabeth, a Benedictine nun of Schonau in the
diocese of Trier who died on
letter from
Archbishop of Canterbury)
from an Abbot of Sauvigny, but he must have been the copier, not
the author. Elizabeth s brother, Eckbert, Abbot of St. Florin in
Schonau wrote the Revelationes:
elagaics, in honour of the Blessed Virgin Mary, preceeded by another
letter from Roger to Bishop Baldwin; f.50, the life of Edward the
Confessor, by Ailred, Abbot of Rievaulx:
vision of the devil sitting on bags of money in the royal treasury:
f.82, the life of St. Thomas, Archbishop of Canterbury. Recently
listed as Lives of Saints , called Revelationes
vita S. Edward Regis vita S. Thomas Canterbury in Young s list;
Revelationes
fact has never been canonized.
Liber
latin, 13th century, pp.
works of
(d.822). A manuscript which has been in two parts and two ownerships
for many years. Part one belongs to Winchester College, (Fellows
Library Ms
deposit in the Cathedral Library since
- 10 -
Ms
(Contd)
at the beginning of Part II. William of Wykeham directed
that the book should be read in Winchester College, it was
frequently thus used in monastic refectories, and the
marks in Part I suggest that this may have been case with
this manuscript. Part I was rebound in
Explicit Liber Diadema
Anthony the Hermit,
in Migne, P.L.
Ms XV Promptorium Parvulorum, the earliest English-Latin
dictionary, with other items. Paper, ft .
oak board cover which has clasps; bears the Anathema, and
apparently once the property of Prior Thomas Sylkestede,
who appears to have paid
written in Winchester, dated U8S on end paper: f.113
M.W. Grene . The Promptorium begins on f.114: it is
preceeded by a collection of Treatises, Liber Catonis
(f.l) Liber Equivocorum
Liber Theodoli,
Sometimes called Liber T. Silkstede . The Promptorium
was edited for the Early English Text Society in
A.L. Mayhew. Appears on Young s lists as Lexicon
Latinum.
REEL SIX
Ms
vellum, ff
Vulgate,which begins with the words Cuilibet
requirere concordiant
attendum ; the Ms, ends with a brief colophon;
Librum Jon Lutton
in blue, red and gold, with attractive sprays of foliage on
some pages. Sometimes described as the work of Conrad
Halberstadt.
Young s list as Concordiance Blblionem:in
Concordantes
Concordianiae
Ms
Early
initials. Includes re-issues of
and
by Miss A. Bowker in
Clerks at Winchester for many years. Inscribed on front fly¬
leaf
century hand. First displayed in the Cathedral Library in
1922,
issue of
first Forest Charter.
- 11 -
REEL SEVEN
Ms.
Ecclesiastica,
century minuscule hand; formerly part of the strengthening
of the cover of the first
1593,
1974.
of the neighbouring religious houses very unusual text,
apparently not a part of any known fragment.
Ms
(Archives)f
previously four in
marizes the contents as forty three quires: twenty quires
have been lost, apparently at the time of the rebuilding.
Edited (as English Calendar) by A.W. Goodman, Chartulary of
Winchester Cathedral, (Wykeham Press
the church of Ottery S. Mary, printed in full in The
Church of Ottery St. Mary (C.U.P.
Ms No.
still in its proper home, the archives of the Cathedral. It
does not, of course, appear on either Patrick Young s list
nor was it sent to Winchester College by Parliament in
The Dean and Chapter sold their earliest cartularly to the
British Museum in
Mss
Cartulary at Sotheby s in
is some overlapping, but Ms
Priory documents but also because it contains much information
about the mediaeval diocese of Winchester. It also contains an
example of the activity of a monastic forger (Item:
Ms
St. Paul, ascribed by
Saxony. An inscription on the first folio suggested that this
book once belonged to the Franciscans of
Danube in Upper Bavaria. Haimo (d.c.884) was a pupil of
Alcuim, and
Halberstadt,
of
and the Epistles of St. Paul. Migne, P.L,
Co the Dean and Chapter in
• ****•*•*«««*«**,*,
«I********************
WORLD MICROFILMS PUBLICATIONS
|
| adam_txt |
THE WINCHESTER BIBLE
and the
WINCHESTER CATHEDRAL
MANUSCRIPT COLLECTION
CATALOGUE
With Introduction
THE WINCHESTER BIBLE
On
and 'Catalogue of the Initials' (printed separately) by SIR WALTER
OAKESHOTT.
THE WINCHESTER CATHEDRAL MANUSCRIPT COLLECTION
On
and Catalogue by BARBARA CARPENTER TURNER.
.
Microworid House,
Telephone:
THE WINCHESTER CATHEDRAL
MANUSCRIPT COLLECTION
On
Catalogue of Manuscripts, with an Introduction
By Barbara Carpenter-Turner, Deputy
Librarian, Winchester' Cathedral Library
(c)
INTRODUCTION
Soma aanuscrlpts
fo
The texts described briefly in this short note are manuscripts
in the present library of Winchester Cathedral, with the addition of
one Item from the archives, a cartulary of St. Swithun's Priory. Only
a few books made in Winchester survive in the city from the monastic
period. Of these the Winchester Bible is by far the most famous, but
the earliest text is a copy of Bede's Ecclesiastical History which was
written before the Normans rebuilt the Saxon Oldminster. The Cathedral's
Bede
the city before
originated in Glastonbury, perhaps it was brought to Winchester by
Henry
has been called the Romanesque Revival of the twelfth century,
St. Swithun's Priory then gained some splendid books. The great Vulgate
Bible (Ms.
(Ms. IV), a copy of St. Augustine on St. John's Gospel (Ms. II) and a
Jerome (Ms. V) remain as vivid reminders of a period of intellectual
exercised by Cassiodorus in his monatery in Southern Italy could
influence the life of an English monastery, and his great library at
Vivarioum had not been forgotten. Other Winchester books of the twelfth
and thirteenth centuries survive in other libraries. Locally, a copy of
Paschasius Radbertus (the lamentations of Jeremiah) (Winchester College
Ms.
hand, and some of its initials use the purple colour to be found in the
Cathedral's St. Augustine, undoubtedly a Priory book. Some of the twelfth
century books had characteristic bindings, stamped (on leather) with
designs of birds and beasts, and particularly associated with Henry
Blois. A generous gift from Mr. C.W. Dyson Perrins, the Hegesippua
(Ms. XX), has this splendid kind of binding, which is found also on the
Winchester Psalter (now in the British Library), almost certainly
written for Henry
known as the Winchester Domesday, which consists of two twelfth century
surveys of the city, and is now in the Library of the Society of
Antiquaries of London. The first recorded owner of the Domesday was
Dean John Young (d.
scripts made by his brother Patrick, James
- 3 -
- 4 -
The evidence of the Dean's diary suggests that this list could have
been compiled on one of Patrick's Christmas visits to Winchester. The
Domesday may have been "collected" by Patrick Young or perhaps it was
amongst the archives of St. Cross Hospital, founded by
where the Dean's father, Sir Peter Young (d.
and absentee master. There was a library at St. Cross, and the earliest
surviving library lists in Winchester are those of an "ancient" library
there and of the additions to that library made by Master John
Campeden,
Some of the Cathedral manuscripts may have originated in other
religious houses, and there is also evidence of
scripts between Winchester College and the Cathedral. The so-called
Liber
two parts for many years and still continues so,
the joint ownership of the College and the Cathedral. William of
Wykehara directed that this book should be read in his School: it was
frequently used thus in monastic refectories because of its suitable
content. Both parts are now in the Cathedral Library through the
generous action of the Warden and Fellow of Winchesc
remain Che owners of Part One, a book which they deposited in the
Cathedral in
Register of Statutes and Writs (Ms.
Chapter in
books of that period, though it was not made in Winchester and is a
working book of reference for lawyers.
There was certainly a distinction in late monastic times between
books in the private ownership of monks and books which belonged
the Library. Mr. N.R.
Winchester monk in
St. Swithun's in the mid fifteenth century. The great Concordance of
Conrad
book, in the Library of
revival associated with the work of the historian Thomas Rudborne
(d.c.
Winchester, but who may have been the Cathedral's Librarian. The
fifteenth century copy of Trivetts' account of the Plantagenets
(Ms.
which contains the Colden Legend (Ms.XI), (there were other copies of
the Legend in Winchester) and the life of Godefrey the Hermit (Ms.X)
the last quarter of the 15th century the then Prior, Thomas Silkstead,
probably bought the paper book containing inter alia the earliest
English-Latin dictionary, Promptorium Parvulorum (Ms.XV), though the
mere face of Silkscead's name in it does not prove him the purchaser.
When the last Prior (who was also the first Dean), William Kingsmill,
died in
were only valued at
but there were twenty "horded" books in his lodgings in the Tabard at
Southwark, as well as five parchment-covered books kept in his private
- 5 -
chapel there. These twenty five books were not given any separate
valuation nor are their titles revealed. Significantly perhaps the
man chiefly responsible for the Dean's inventory was William Lawrence,
a distinguished Winchester lawyer who still kept to the old beliefs.
The.Cathedral Library had in fact almost reached the point when it was
politically unwise, even dangerous, Co possess the 'wrong' books.
In the detailed account roll apparently drawn up immediately after
the surrender of the Priory, and before Dean Kingsmill's temporary
appointment as
books. In May
to make a Library 'in a convenient and decent
with such books as should be from time to tine appointed". By November
of that year, the 'new' library was finished', and in
his injunctions that'five marks a year was to be spent on books, but
there is nothing to suggest that any particular care'was taken for the
manuscripts, though the. archives of the Dean and Chapter were kept in
a separate
was probably where the Morley. Library is today. It too had a
'wickette' gate, and its fittings wer.e apparently modelled on those of
the Grey Friars Library at Southampton,. It was presumably from this
librarythat George Ryves, in
Bodleian'Library.
The contents, of the library at St. Cross in the late mediaeval
period were mainly musical, but there is evidence.that in Peter Young's
time as Master and in John Young's time as
ment of archives between, the Cathedral and the Hospital. The Library in
St.Cross, used presumably by its large clerical staff, and by the
Hospital's small school and its schoolmaster, survived the Reformation,
and seems to have been Intermittently maintained by the Dean and Chapter;
on the death of Bishop Mprley in
necessary to send down to the. Hospital and sort out the Bishop's books
from the other books there. The Cathedral is fortunate that before the
Civil War its manuscripts were list
early 17th century. Canons gave valuable texts to the collection. Three
mediaeval manuscripts were .given to the Library by Doctor John Bridges
(d
part in the Marpvelate controversy. The life of St. Nicholas of
by John the Deacon, a thirteenLh century book, has local interest since
it also contains some elegaic verse on the death of Henry
(Ms. III). A second book, from the same donor, is the so called Harmony
of the Cospels,
hand, made in Winchester. Bridges also gave the 14th century Legend
of the Holy Cross (Ms. IX) whose first owner was perhaps a Canon of
Southwell. A near contemporary of Bridges, Doctor John
presented'the Library with an (anonymous) 13th century compendium of
Theology (Ms. VI). These gifts, from two Cathedral canons, came at an
interesting time when church, libraries were being revived and reinforced
for their increasingly important role in the theological controversy of
the day, and when Archbishop George Abbot, a former Dean, died in
he left the Cathedral a number of printed books. After the execution of
Charles I, and the abolition of the Dean and Chapter, the contents of
the Cathedral's library were sent to London, listed in
ually presented to Winchester College in accordance with the terms of
a resolution of the House of Commons. In
great majority of the manuscripts, but there were losses and the
- 6 -
Cathedral's copy of Bede's MartyrologyCthough recorded in
1935)and Alculn's letters seem to have disappeared for ever. Other
manuscripts have been mutilated, including the great Bible and Bede's
History. Dean
covered in olive green morocco, and had its leaf-edges regilded. In the
second half of the nineteenth century, the Cathedral librarian, Canon
Madge, who served the library for some fifty years, was able to begin
the work of Cataloguing with the help and advice of Charles
G.F. Warner. In recent years, the Cathedral Library and all those who
work in it have been immeasurably indebted' to- Sir Wa'ieer Oakeshott, "the
Honorary Librarian from
care of the Library and for his study of its great Bible.
The Winchester Cathedral Manuscript Collection
LIST OF CONTENTS
Ms. No.
REEL ONE
Ms I
Latin, vellum,
the binding dates from
a chain: i.e. it dates from the short period when the Cathedral
had a chained
the manuscript ends with the Prologue to a poem
Ethelwulf. The poem 'itself,- and" the remaining'leaves of this
book are bound up at the end of B.L. Ms, Cott. Tit. D.
(formerly ff.
was badly damaged inthe great fire of
removal of the poem is,not known. The History is a late 10th
century copy in several English hands, perhaps from an Irish
exampler:
in Winchester by 14th century. The book was first described by
G F
scription in Charles Plummer's edition of Bede's works. "The
Cathedral had a copy of Bede's Marty^ology, but that has not
been seen since the end of the 17th century, and the reference in
Eyre's list of
logy were in one volume, bound together. The
only book to survive in Winchester from the days of the Saxon
Oldminster, before the Normans rebuilt the Cathedral.
Ms II Augustine. Tractates on St. John's Gospel Latin vellum, r£.z74.
A beautiful early twelfth-century manuscript written in a
Winchester hand, and containing the Anathema, the curse on any
one who takes the book away from the Church of St. Swithun in
Winchester, f.261, Life of St. Augustine by St. Posaidius. The
first tract has a colophon, explicit tractatus, but in other
rubrics, the words tractatus, sermo and homelia are used
indiscrimately. Small notes on fly leaves at end in various
13th century hands.
- 7 -
Ma III John the Deacon;
f.98(v), Osbonus,
sixty four lines in elgaic verse on the death of Henry
Latin, vellum ff
capitals. Gicen to the Cathedral Library by Dr. John Bridges
(d.
REEL TWO
Ms IV Cassiodorus Senator: Commentary on the Psalms
Latin, vellum, ff.
two duplicate pages used as lining to covers front and back.
Written in the Cathedral Priory in the early twelfth century,
contemporary with the writing of the text of the Winchester
Bvble. Splendidly illuminated with the characteristic feather
spiral decoration which appears in Volume II of the Winchester
Bible and to which
attention in The Two Winchester Bibles. He has also shown that
the hands of the first part of this Cassiodorus must belong to
the same scriptorium as those of the Winchester Bible. This
Commentary by Cassiodorus forms the fourth part of the author's
major work, the Institute. It was a well known text as a
separate volume.
Ms V Uleronymus: St. Jerome's Commentary on Isaiah, Latin, vellum,
ff
bronze clip for chain on front cover. A Winchester book, illumin¬
ated by a hand found in part of the Priory Cartulary B.L. Add
Ms.
College Library before
al society, The Library, (March
REEL THREE
Ms VI Compendium of Theology (anonymous): Small folio, vellum
four books. 13th century, with original, damaged, covers. Given
to the Cathedral Library by Dr. John
16
of St. Mary Magdalene'
Master, "a pious doctor in divinity, a learned prebendary of the
Cathedral church of Winchester".
Ms
century differing hands, originally
Includes Marbodus of
a moralized bestiary, an abridgement of Remigius of Auxerre,
Celebratone
P.L.
- 8 -
Ms
of the New Testament: vellum, ff.
illuminated blue and red initials known as Unum Ex Quattuor.
the Harmony of the Gospels, This
suggests, is an attempt to compile a life of Jesus from
the Cospels arranged in a simple sequence. Zachary of
Besancon's work is almost unknown in English Libraries. It is
a Vulgate harmony, with the Lucan prologue and then the first
five verses
'a reformer before the Reformation.
him'. A careful late copy with many corrections, the text
preceded by an index. Dr. W.F. Oakeshott has recently
attributed some of its illuminations to a late hand in the
Winchester Bible. If therefore, it was a Winchester book,
its return to the Cathedral by Dr. John Bridges in
suggests some interesting speculation as to what happened to
it after (and when) it left the Priory Library.
REEL FOUR
Ms IX Legend of the Holy Cross (modern title) including a collecc-
ion of various historical and romantic works, Vellum, Latin
ff.22O, 14th century. First'owner perhaps Helie
Canon of Southwell
Popes and emperors: f3, Revelation of S. Wilfred at Meaux,
inspiring him to found the church of St. Mary at Southwell:
r.4 Legend of the Holy Cross: f.7 Martin
Dares Phrygius, (the Trojan War), f.118 Geoffrey of Honmouth.
Folio
Doctor John Bridges in c.1611. On Young's list as
Polonu
1652
Ms X Codricum Heremltum by Geoffrey, a monk of
latin, ff
(с. 1069-П78)
in Durham; author of the earliest surviving Middle English'
verse which he set to his own music, including a Hymn to
St. Nicholad, which perhaps explains the book's presence in
Winchester before
on front cover.
Ms XI
with
Anonymous, no title, in various early 15th century English
hands;
Advent to the twenty-fourth after Trinity. The Prologue to
the Golden Legend begins on
two columns. Each life begins with a small but richly illumin¬
ated initial in blue and red with gold leaf. The last two
- 9 -
Ms XI pages have been cue out, and preparations «ere apparently made to
(Contd) cut out at least one other leaf. More than one hundred and sixty
lives are complete, including some twenty seven saints to whom
local Winchester churches were
composed between
sermons, Dominican Friar Jacobus
Genoa, (d.c.
of all mediaeval texts. The provenance of this copy is unknown:
there was at least one copy of the Legend at St. Cross by
another was in St. John's House in Winchester, and the city also
had a Dominican Friary; it is not however on Patrick Young's list,
and this may suggest that'it came from St. Cross (after
REEL FIVE
Ms
Ms
Ms
WINCH¬
ESTER
COLLECE
FELLOWS
LIBRARY
Ms.
Nicolas Trive'tt:
Plantagenet
a near contemporary index (fl-8(v)) at the front, forming a
separate section to the book. The
with gragments of an account roll; contemporary foliation in
numerals, the whole contained in a worn parchment cover. Rubricated
headings, obits, and a face drawn in edge of the left hand margin
of (f
Legate (Ottobon)
water marks.
Annales
Revelatlonea
columns ot JJ lines, in an English or northern French script. 17th
century binding, the covers tied with tapes. The visions and
discourses of Elizabeth, a Benedictine nun of Schonau in the
diocese of Trier who died on
letter from
Archbishop of Canterbury)
from an Abbot of Sauvigny, but he must have been the copier, not
the author. Elizabeth's brother, Eckbert, Abbot of St. Florin in
Schonau wrote the Revelationes:
elagaics, in honour of the Blessed Virgin Mary, preceeded by another
letter from Roger to Bishop Baldwin; f.50, the life of Edward the
Confessor, by Ailred, Abbot of Rievaulx:
vision of the devil sitting on bags of money in the royal treasury:
f.82, the life of St. Thomas, Archbishop of Canterbury. Recently
listed as 'Lives of Saints', called Revelationes
vita S. Edward Regis vita S. Thomas Canterbury in Young's list;
Revelationes
fact has never been canonized.
Liber
latin, 13th century, pp.
works of
(d.822). A manuscript which has been in two parts and two ownerships
for many years. Part one belongs to Winchester College, (Fellows
Library Ms
deposit in the Cathedral Library since
- 10 -
Ms
(Contd)
at the beginning of Part II. William of Wykeham directed
that the book should be read in Winchester College, it was
frequently thus used in monastic refectories, and the
marks in Part I suggest that this may have been case with
this manuscript. Part I was rebound in
"Explicit Liber Diadema
Anthony the Hermit,
in Migne, P.L.
Ms XV Promptorium Parvulorum, the earliest English-Latin
dictionary, with other items. Paper, ft".
oak board cover which has clasps; bears the Anathema, and
apparently once the property of Prior Thomas Sylkestede,
who appears to have paid
written in Winchester, dated U8S on end paper: f.113
'M.W. Grene'. The Promptorium begins on f.114: it is
preceeded by a collection of Treatises, Liber Catonis
(f.l) Liber Equivocorum
Liber Theodoli,
Sometimes called 'Liber T. Silkstede'. The Promptorium
was edited for the Early English Text Society in
A.L. Mayhew. Appears on Young's lists as Lexicon
Latinum.
REEL SIX
Ms
vellum, ff
Vulgate,which begins with the words "Cuilibet
requirere concordiant
attendum"; the Ms, ends with a brief colophon;
Librum Jon Lutton
in blue, red and gold, with attractive sprays of foliage on
some pages. Sometimes described as the work of Conrad
Halberstadt.
Young's list as Concordiance Blblionem:in
Concordantes
Concordianiae
Ms
Early
initials. Includes re-issues of
and
by Miss A. Bowker in
Clerks at Winchester for many years. Inscribed on front fly¬
leaf
century hand. First displayed in the Cathedral Library in
1922,
issue of
first Forest Charter.
- 11 -
REEL SEVEN
Ms.
Ecclesiastica,
century minuscule hand; formerly part of the strengthening
of the cover of the first
1593,
1974.
of the neighbouring religious houses very unusual text,
apparently not a part of any known fragment.
Ms
(Archives)f
previously four in
marizes the contents as forty three quires: twenty quires
have been lost, apparently at the time of the rebuilding.
Edited (as English Calendar) by A.W. Goodman, Chartulary of
Winchester Cathedral, (Wykeham Press
the church of Ottery S. Mary, printed in full in The
Church of Ottery St. Mary (C.U.P.
Ms No.
still in its proper home, the archives of the Cathedral. It
does not, of course, appear on either Patrick Young's list
nor was it sent to Winchester College by Parliament in
The Dean and Chapter sold their earliest cartularly to the
British Museum in
Mss
Cartulary at Sotheby's in
is some overlapping, but Ms
Priory documents but also because it contains much information
about the mediaeval diocese of Winchester. It also contains an
example of the activity of a monastic forger (Item:
Ms
St. Paul, ascribed by
Saxony. An inscription on the first folio suggested that this
book once belonged to the Franciscans of
Danube in Upper Bavaria. Haimo (d.c.884) was a pupil of
Alcuim, and
Halberstadt,
of
and the Epistles of St. Paul. Migne, P.L,
Co the Dean and Chapter in
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