Approaches to private participation in water services: a toolkit
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Washington, D.C.
World Bank
2006
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | XXVI, 313 S. graph. Darst. 1 CD-ROM (12 cm) |
| ISBN: | 9780821361115 0821361112 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Approaches to private participation in water services |b a toolkit |
| 264 | 1 | |a Washington, D.C. |b World Bank |c 2006 | |
| 300 | |a XXVI, 313 S. |b graph. Darst. |e 1 CD-ROM (12 cm) | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Approvisionnement en eau |2 rasuqam | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Aspect économique |2 rasuqam | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Eau - Approvisionnement - Aspect économique - Pays en voie de développement | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Eau - Approvisionnement - Politique gouvernementale - Pays en voie de développement | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Partenariat public-privé - Pays en voie de développement | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Salubrité publique - Politique gouvernementale - Pays en voie de développement | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Entwicklungsländer | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Politik | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Water-supply |x Economic aspects |z Developing countries | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Water-supply |x Government policy |z Developing countries | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sanitation |x Economic aspects |z Developing countries | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sanitation |x Government policy |z Developing countries | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Public-private sector cooperation |z Developing countries | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804135127215767552 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Foreword ix
Acknowledgments xi
Preface xiii
Overview xvii
1 Considering private participation 1
1.1 Underlying policy problems in water services 2
1.2 Some possible effects of private participation 3
1.3 The challenge of getting private participation to work 5
1.4 Models of private participation 7
1.5 Approach of the Toolkit 11
2 Planning the process of introducing private participation 15
2.1 Four stages 16
2.2 Stakeholder consultation and analysis 21
2.3 Setting up government institutions to manage the process 21
2.4 Analytic and advisory work required 25
3 Involving stakeholders in the design of the arrangement 33
3.1 Identifying stakeholders 34
3.2 Developing a strategy for engaging stakeholders 38
3.3 Interacting with different groups of stakeholders 40
3.4 Identifying winners and losers under different options 46
4 Setting upstream policy 51
4.1 Allocating responsibilities among different levels of government 52
4.2 Determining the appropriate market structure 56
4.3 Establishing rules for competition 69
iv Approaches to Private Participation in Water Services
5 Setting service standards, tariffs, subsidies, and financial arrangements 73
5.1 Setting a service goal 75
5.2 Estimating the cost of service 77
5.3 Determining the mix of tariffs and subsidies 79
5.4 Implications for design of the arrangement 88
5.5 Accessing and structuring finance for investment 89
6 Allocating responsibilities and risks 97
6.1 Analyzing responsibilities and risks 98
6.2 Determining the best allocation of responsibilities and risks 102
6.3 Designing risk allocation rules 108
6.4 Allocating risks and responsibilities under different models
of private participation 120
7 Developing institutions to manage the relationship 125
7.1 Tasks and institutions 126
7.2 Monitoring and enforcing performance 131
7.3 Resolving disputes 132
7.4 Adjusting tariffs 137
7.5 Involving customers 143
7.6 Maintaining good working relations 145
7.7 Links between institutions to manage the relationship
and models of private participation 145
8 Designing legal instruments for the arrangement 149
8.1 Choosing legal instruments 150
8.2 Working with administrative, concession, and regulatory codes 154
8.3 Ensuring that people comply with their obligations 159
9 Selecting an operator 167
9.1 Choosing a selection method 167
9.2 Setting the selection criteria for competitive bidding 171
9.3 Managing the bidding 179
9.4 Dealing with other issues 194
Appendix A: Examples 199
Amman (Jordan) 200
Cartagena (Colombia) 204
Chaumont (France) 208
Cochabamba (Bolivia) 213
Coted Ivoire 216
Gabon 219
vi Approaches to Private Participation in Water Services
Box 5.2 The capital maintenance approach to estimating depreciation 79
Box 5.3 Output based aid approaches 84
Box 5.4 Designing tariffs and subsidies to help poor people 88
Box 6.1 Example of the need for reset mechanisms 111
Box 6.2 Market testing—A way to determine whether the operator s costs
are reasonable? 114
Box 6.3 Event based reviews in The Gambia and Gabon 117
Box 6.4 Examples of hybrid arrangements 123
Box 7.1 Renegotiating an affermage lease in Senegal 133
Box 8.1 Renegotiation and risk transfer—the Manila water concessions 161
Box 9.1 Transparency in Manila 168
Box 9.2 A note on terminology 179
Box 9.3 Two stage prequalification in the European Union 184
Box 9.4 Be careful what you ask for—how information in proposals relates
to evaluation criteria and contracts 191
Box 9.5 Best and final offers and competitive negotiation in the
United Kingdom 194
Checklists
What to do before beginning the process discussed in this Toolkit 13
Managing the process of introducing private participation 31
Setting service standards, tariffs, subsidies, and financing 94
Allocating risks and responsibilities 105
Issues to consider in designing expert panels for dispute resolution 134
General background law—Additional issues for due diligence 159
Designing legal instruments to embody the arrangement 165
Selecting the operator 198
Figures
Figure 1.1 Perceived fairness allows a lower rate of return to be promised
for a given legal protection 6
Figure 1.2 Operator and contracting authority s share of customer
revenue under five arrangements 8
Figure 1.3 The allocation of risk to the operator and determination
of subsidies 12
Figure 2.1 Stages of the process 16 j
Figure 3.1 Steps in involving stakeholders in design 36 I
Contents vii Figure 3.2 Social impact modeling 48
Figure 4.1 Upstream policy decisions and implications for the transaction
process 52
Figure 4.2 Imaginary country showing urban areas and water supply features 58
Figure 4.3 Value chain for a water services business 66
Figure 5.1 Balancing service standards, tariffs, and subsidies 74
Figure 5.2 A possible structure for development agency finance in an
arrangement 93
Figure 6.1 Key areas of responsibility 99
Figure 6.2 Demand risk—A forecast and two possible outcomes 100
Figure 6.3 Demand risk for the operator 101
Figure 6.4 Links between risks 103
Figure 6.5 Initial and final risk allocation for a concession 104
Figure 6.6 Currency risk 107
Figure 6.7 Summary of key decisions in designing resets 118
Figure 7.1 Information, capability, incentives, and legitimacy 129
Figure 7.2 Possible institutions in a management contract 146
Figure 7.3 Possible institutions in a concession contract 147
More information
Things the Toolkit doesn t address xv
Considering private participation 13
The process of introducing private participation 31
Involving stakeholders 49
Setting upstream policy 72
Setting service standards, tariffs, subsidies, and financial arrangements 95
Allocating risks and responsibilities 123
Choosing and designing institutions to manage the relationship 147
Designing legal instruments to embody the arrangement 166
Selecting the operator 198
Financial modeling 269
Tables
Table 1.1 Five arrangements 9
Table 2.1 Advice that may be needed 26
Table 3.1 Stakeholder identification and composition 37
Table 3.2 Five types of interaction with stakeholders 38
Contents v Gdansk (Poland) 223
La Paz and El Alto (Bolivia) 226
London and Thames Valley (United Kingdom) 230
Metro Manila (Philippines) 234
San Pedro Sula (Honduras) 239
Santiago (Chile) 242
Senegal 246
Sofia (Bulgaria) 250
Tangiers (Morocco) 254
Trinidad and Tobago 257
Appendix B: The policy simulation model 263
Glossary 271
References 277
Index 302
Boxes
Box 2.1 Central government support and private participation for
building local government capacity in South Africa 22
Box 2.2 A typical contract package 26
Box 3.1 Could more consultation have helped the La Paz El Alto
and Cochabamba concessions? 35
Box 3.2 Household surveys to determine willingness to pay 43
Box 3.3 Advantages of involving stakeholders in Kathmandu, Nepal 43
Box 3.4 Advantages of involving stakeholders in Cartagena, Colombia 44
Box 3.5 Teschie Tankers Water Association in Accra, Ghana 47
Box 4.1 Controversies over water service responsibilities in Brazil 54
Box 4.2 Aggregation of water service in small towns in France 55
Box 4.3 Difficulties splitting a national utility in Ghana 61
Box 4.4 Splitting the metropolitan provider service area in Manila 62
Box 4.5 Single metropolitan provider in Buenos Aires 62
Box 4.6 Franchising and other professional support models for small towns 64
Box 4.7 Separating water and sanitation services in Senegal 67
Box 4.8 Joint water and electricity service provision in Gabon and Morocco 69
Box 4.9 Limits to capital market competition in England and Wales 71
Box 5.1 Service targets for the Buenos Aires concession 76
viii Approaches to Private Participation in Water Services
Table 3.3 Four ways of communicating with stakeholders 39
Table 3.4 Stakeholders and ways to involve them in designing arrangements 41
Table 4.1 Benefits and costs of increasing scale and scope 60
Table 5.1 Types of subsidy 83
Table 6.1 Objectives of tariff resets and corresponding risk allocation 113
Table 6.2 Hypothetical operator—Financial position 114
Table 6.3 Impact of reset objectives on methodology and outcomes 115
Table 7.1 Choice of tasks and institutions 127
Table 7.2 Typical strengths and weaknesses of selected institutions 130
Table 8.1 Legal and implementation design issues 151
Table 8.2 Legal instruments 152
Table 8.3 Appropriate instruments for particular tasks 153
Table 9.1 Example of a weighted average technical score 173
Table 9.2 Possible scoring of items in technical proposals 173
Table 9.3 Some possible financial criteria by type of arrangement 174
Table 9.4 Comparing ways to combine financial and technical scores 177
Table A. 1 Illustrative approach to stakeholder analysis 268
|
| adam_txt |
Contents
Foreword ix
Acknowledgments xi
Preface xiii
Overview xvii
1 Considering private participation 1
1.1 Underlying policy problems in water services 2
1.2 Some possible effects of private participation 3
1.3 The challenge of getting private participation to work 5
1.4 Models of private participation 7
1.5 Approach of the Toolkit 11
2 Planning the process of introducing private participation 15
2.1 Four stages 16
2.2 Stakeholder consultation and analysis 21
2.3 Setting up government institutions to manage the process 21
2.4 Analytic and advisory work required 25
3 Involving stakeholders in the design of the arrangement 33
3.1 Identifying stakeholders 34
3.2 Developing a strategy for engaging stakeholders 38
3.3 Interacting with different groups of stakeholders 40
3.4 Identifying winners and losers under different options 46
4 Setting upstream policy 51
4.1 Allocating responsibilities among different levels of government 52
4.2 Determining the appropriate market structure 56
4.3 Establishing rules for competition 69
iv Approaches to Private Participation in Water Services
5 Setting service standards, tariffs, subsidies, and financial arrangements 73
5.1 Setting a service goal 75
5.2 Estimating the cost of service 77
5.3 Determining the mix of tariffs and subsidies 79
5.4 Implications for design of the arrangement 88
5.5 Accessing and structuring finance for investment 89
6 Allocating responsibilities and risks 97
6.1 Analyzing responsibilities and risks 98
6.2 Determining the best allocation of responsibilities and risks 102
6.3 Designing risk allocation rules 108
6.4 Allocating risks and responsibilities under different models
of private participation 120
7 Developing institutions to manage the relationship 125
7.1 Tasks and institutions 126
7.2 Monitoring and enforcing performance 131
7.3 Resolving disputes 132
7.4 Adjusting tariffs 137
7.5 Involving customers 143
7.6 Maintaining good working relations 145
7.7 Links between institutions to manage the relationship
and models of private participation 145
8 Designing legal instruments for the arrangement 149
8.1 Choosing legal instruments 150
8.2 Working with administrative, concession, and regulatory codes 154
8.3 Ensuring that people comply with their obligations 159
9 Selecting an operator 167
9.1 Choosing a selection method 167
9.2 Setting the selection criteria for competitive bidding 171
9.3 Managing the bidding 179
9.4 Dealing with other issues 194
Appendix A: Examples 199
Amman (Jordan) 200
Cartagena (Colombia) 204
Chaumont (France) 208
Cochabamba (Bolivia) 213
Coted'Ivoire 216
Gabon 219
vi Approaches to Private Participation in Water Services
Box 5.2 The capital maintenance approach to estimating depreciation 79
Box 5.3 Output based aid approaches 84
Box 5.4 Designing tariffs and subsidies to help poor people 88
Box 6.1 Example of the need for reset mechanisms 111
Box 6.2 Market testing—A way to determine whether the operator's costs
are reasonable? 114
Box 6.3 Event based reviews in The Gambia and Gabon 117
Box 6.4 Examples of hybrid arrangements 123
Box 7.1 Renegotiating an affermage lease in Senegal 133
Box 8.1 Renegotiation and risk transfer—the Manila water concessions 161
Box 9.1 Transparency in Manila 168
Box 9.2 A note on terminology 179
Box 9.3 Two stage prequalification in the European Union 184
Box 9.4 Be careful what you ask for—how information in proposals relates
to evaluation criteria and contracts 191
Box 9.5 Best and final offers and competitive negotiation in the
United Kingdom 194
Checklists
What to do before beginning the process discussed in this Toolkit 13
Managing the process of introducing private participation 31
Setting service standards, tariffs, subsidies, and financing 94
Allocating risks and responsibilities 105
Issues to consider in designing expert panels for dispute resolution 134
General background law—Additional issues for due diligence 159
Designing legal instruments to embody the arrangement 165
Selecting the operator 198
Figures
Figure 1.1 Perceived fairness allows a lower rate of return to be promised
for a given legal protection 6
Figure 1.2 Operator and contracting authority's share of customer
revenue under five arrangements 8
Figure 1.3 The allocation of risk to the operator and determination \
of subsidies 12 '
Figure 2.1 Stages of the process 16 j
Figure 3.1 Steps in involving stakeholders in design 36 I
Contents vii Figure 3.2 Social impact modeling 48
Figure 4.1 Upstream policy decisions and implications for the transaction
process 52
Figure 4.2 Imaginary country showing urban areas and water supply features 58
Figure 4.3 Value chain for a water services business 66
Figure 5.1 Balancing service standards, tariffs, and subsidies 74
Figure 5.2 A possible structure for development agency finance in an
arrangement 93
Figure 6.1 Key areas of responsibility 99
Figure 6.2 Demand risk—A forecast and two possible outcomes 100
Figure 6.3 Demand risk for the operator 101
Figure 6.4 Links between risks 103
Figure 6.5 Initial and final risk allocation for a concession 104
Figure 6.6 Currency risk 107
Figure 6.7 Summary of key decisions in designing resets 118
Figure 7.1 Information, capability, incentives, and legitimacy 129
Figure 7.2 Possible institutions in a management contract 146
Figure 7.3 Possible institutions in a concession contract 147
More information
Things the Toolkit doesn't address xv
Considering private participation 13
The process of introducing private participation 31
Involving stakeholders 49
Setting upstream policy 72
Setting service standards, tariffs, subsidies, and financial arrangements 95
Allocating risks and responsibilities 123
Choosing and designing institutions to manage the relationship 147
Designing legal instruments to embody the arrangement 166
Selecting the operator 198
Financial modeling 269
Tables
Table 1.1 Five arrangements 9
Table 2.1 Advice that may be needed 26
Table 3.1 Stakeholder identification and composition 37
Table 3.2 Five types of interaction with stakeholders 38
Contents v Gdansk (Poland) 223
La Paz and El Alto (Bolivia) 226
London and Thames Valley (United Kingdom) 230
Metro Manila (Philippines) 234
San Pedro Sula (Honduras) 239
Santiago (Chile) 242
Senegal 246
Sofia (Bulgaria) 250
Tangiers (Morocco) 254
Trinidad and Tobago 257
Appendix B: The policy simulation model 263
Glossary 271
References 277
Index 302
Boxes
Box 2.1 Central government support and private participation for
building local government capacity in South Africa 22
Box 2.2 A typical contract package 26
Box 3.1 Could more consultation have helped the La Paz El Alto
and Cochabamba concessions? 35
Box 3.2 Household surveys to determine willingness to pay 43
Box 3.3 Advantages of involving stakeholders in Kathmandu, Nepal 43
Box 3.4 Advantages of involving stakeholders in Cartagena, Colombia 44
Box 3.5 Teschie Tankers Water Association in Accra, Ghana 47
Box 4.1 Controversies over water service responsibilities in Brazil 54
Box 4.2 Aggregation of water service in small towns in France 55
Box 4.3 Difficulties splitting a national utility in Ghana 61
Box 4.4 Splitting the metropolitan provider service area in Manila 62
Box 4.5 Single metropolitan provider in Buenos Aires 62
Box 4.6 Franchising and other professional support models for small towns 64
Box 4.7 Separating water and sanitation services in Senegal 67
Box 4.8 Joint water and electricity service provision in Gabon and Morocco 69
Box 4.9 Limits to capital market competition in England and Wales 71
Box 5.1 Service targets for the Buenos Aires concession 76
viii Approaches to Private Participation in Water Services
Table 3.3 Four ways of communicating with stakeholders 39
Table 3.4 Stakeholders and ways to involve them in designing arrangements 41
Table 4.1 Benefits and costs of increasing scale and scope 60
Table 5.1 Types of subsidy 83
Table 6.1 Objectives of tariff resets and corresponding risk allocation 113
Table 6.2 Hypothetical operator—Financial position 114
Table 6.3 Impact of reset objectives on methodology and outcomes 115
Table 7.1 Choice of tasks and institutions 127
Table 7.2 Typical strengths and weaknesses of selected institutions 130
Table 8.1 Legal and implementation design issues 151
Table 8.2 Legal instruments 152
Table 8.3 Appropriate instruments for particular tasks 153
Table 9.1 Example of a weighted average technical score 173
Table 9.2 Possible scoring of items in technical proposals 173
Table 9.3 Some possible financial criteria by type of arrangement 174
Table 9.4 Comparing ways to combine financial and technical scores 177
Table A. 1 Illustrative approach to stakeholder analysis 268 |
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| geographic | Pays en développement rasuqam Entwicklungsländer (DE-588)4014954-7 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Pays en développement Entwicklungsländer |
| id | DE-604.BV021319301 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T13:58:28Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T20:35:34Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780821361115 0821361112 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 2005043403 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-014639729 |
| oclc_num | 58789358 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-703 |
| owner_facet | DE-703 |
| physical | XXVI, 313 S. graph. Darst. 1 CD-ROM (12 cm) |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| publishDateSearch | 2006 |
| publishDateSort | 2006 |
| publisher | World Bank |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Approaches to private participation in water services a toolkit Washington, D.C. World Bank 2006 XXVI, 313 S. graph. Darst. 1 CD-ROM (12 cm) txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Approvisionnement en eau rasuqam Aspect économique rasuqam Eau - Approvisionnement - Aspect économique - Pays en voie de développement Eau - Approvisionnement - Politique gouvernementale - Pays en voie de développement Partenariat public-privé - Pays en voie de développement Partenariat public-privé rasuqam Politique gouvernementale rasuqam Salubrité publique - Aspect économique - Pays en voie de développement Salubrité publique - Politique gouvernementale - Pays en voie de développement Entwicklungsländer Politik Water-supply Economic aspects Developing countries Water-supply Government policy Developing countries Sanitation Economic aspects Developing countries Sanitation Government policy Developing countries Public-private sector cooperation Developing countries Wasserversorgung (DE-588)4064811-4 gnd rswk-swf Sanitäranlage (DE-588)4051579-5 gnd rswk-swf Public Private Partnership (DE-588)4337462-1 gnd rswk-swf Pays en développement rasuqam Entwicklungsländer (DE-588)4014954-7 gnd rswk-swf Entwicklungsländer (DE-588)4014954-7 g Wasserversorgung (DE-588)4064811-4 s Public Private Partnership (DE-588)4337462-1 s DE-604 Sanitäranlage (DE-588)4051579-5 s HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014639729&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Approaches to private participation in water services a toolkit Approvisionnement en eau rasuqam Aspect économique rasuqam Eau - Approvisionnement - Aspect économique - Pays en voie de développement Eau - Approvisionnement - Politique gouvernementale - Pays en voie de développement Partenariat public-privé - Pays en voie de développement Partenariat public-privé rasuqam Politique gouvernementale rasuqam Salubrité publique - Aspect économique - Pays en voie de développement Salubrité publique - Politique gouvernementale - Pays en voie de développement Entwicklungsländer Politik Water-supply Economic aspects Developing countries Water-supply Government policy Developing countries Sanitation Economic aspects Developing countries Sanitation Government policy Developing countries Public-private sector cooperation Developing countries Wasserversorgung (DE-588)4064811-4 gnd Sanitäranlage (DE-588)4051579-5 gnd Public Private Partnership (DE-588)4337462-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4064811-4 (DE-588)4051579-5 (DE-588)4337462-1 (DE-588)4014954-7 |
| title | Approaches to private participation in water services a toolkit |
| title_auth | Approaches to private participation in water services a toolkit |
| title_exact_search | Approaches to private participation in water services a toolkit |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Approaches to private participation in water services a toolkit |
| title_full | Approaches to private participation in water services a toolkit |
| title_fullStr | Approaches to private participation in water services a toolkit |
| title_full_unstemmed | Approaches to private participation in water services a toolkit |
| title_short | Approaches to private participation in water services |
| title_sort | approaches to private participation in water services a toolkit |
| title_sub | a toolkit |
| topic | Approvisionnement en eau rasuqam Aspect économique rasuqam Eau - Approvisionnement - Aspect économique - Pays en voie de développement Eau - Approvisionnement - Politique gouvernementale - Pays en voie de développement Partenariat public-privé - Pays en voie de développement Partenariat public-privé rasuqam Politique gouvernementale rasuqam Salubrité publique - Aspect économique - Pays en voie de développement Salubrité publique - Politique gouvernementale - Pays en voie de développement Entwicklungsländer Politik Water-supply Economic aspects Developing countries Water-supply Government policy Developing countries Sanitation Economic aspects Developing countries Sanitation Government policy Developing countries Public-private sector cooperation Developing countries Wasserversorgung (DE-588)4064811-4 gnd Sanitäranlage (DE-588)4051579-5 gnd Public Private Partnership (DE-588)4337462-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Approvisionnement en eau Aspect économique Eau - Approvisionnement - Aspect économique - Pays en voie de développement Eau - Approvisionnement - Politique gouvernementale - Pays en voie de développement Partenariat public-privé - Pays en voie de développement Partenariat public-privé Politique gouvernementale Salubrité publique - Aspect économique - Pays en voie de développement Salubrité publique - Politique gouvernementale - Pays en voie de développement Entwicklungsländer Politik Water-supply Economic aspects Developing countries Water-supply Government policy Developing countries Sanitation Economic aspects Developing countries Sanitation Government policy Developing countries Public-private sector cooperation Developing countries Wasserversorgung Sanitäranlage Public Private Partnership Pays en développement |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014639729&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |