Ecological monitoring of genetically modified organisms:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Wien
Umweltbundesamt
2001
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Monographien / Umweltbundesamt
147 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturverz. S. 82 - 87 |
| Beschreibung: | 87 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 3854576072 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804135035730657280 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS PAGE SUMMARY ................................
................................ ................................
.............................. 7 1 INTRODUCTION
................................ ................................
................................ ................. 11 2 LEGAL PROVISIONS
GOVERNING THE MONITORING OF GMOS ............... 14 2.1 MONITORING
ACCORDING TO DIRECTIVE 90/220/EEC ................................
............................ 14 2.2 MONITORING ACCORDING TO DIRECTIVE
2001/18/EC ................................
............................. 15 2.2.1 THE NEW ANNEX VII (MONITORING
PLAN FOR THE PLACING ON THE MARKET OF GMOS) .............15 2.2.2
SPECIFYING ANNEX VII BY WAY OF GUIDANCE
NOTES................................................................16
2.2.3 ESTABLISHMENT AND ASSESSMENT OF MONITORING
PLANS........................................................16 2.2.4
EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION AND REPORTING DUTIES WITH RESPECT TO
MONITORING.....................17 2.2.5
CONFIDENTIALITY..........................................................................................................................17
2.3 OVERLAPPING OF DIRECTIVE 2001/18/EC WITH OTHER EU-DIRECTIVES
............................... 17 2.4 NATIONAL LEGAL PROVISIONS IN
RELATION TO TARGETS OF NATURE CONSERVATION ................ 17 2.5
CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY ................................
................................ ................. 18 3 FRAMEWORK
CONCEPT AND GUIDELINES FOR MONITORING OF GMOS
................................ ................................
....................... 19 3.1 FRAMEWORK CONCEPT FOR ECOLOGICAL
MONITORING OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS
................................ ................................
....................... 19 3.1.1 CASE-SPECIFIC
MONITORING.......................................................................................................20
3.1.2 GENERAL SURVEILLANCE
..............................................................................................................21
3.1.3 ECOSYSTEM MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF
GMOS...............................................23 3.1.4 MONITORING
OF THE STATE OF THE ART
..........................................................................................23
3.1.5 MONITORING AS EARLY WARNING
SYSTEM....................................................................................24
3.2 GUIDELINES FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT AND EXAMINATION OF ECOLOGICAL
MONITORING PLANS ................................
................................ .............................. 24 3.2.1
GUIDELINES FOR ECOLOGICAL MONITORING FOR RELEASES
.............................................................25 3.2.2
GUIDELINES FOR ECOLOGICAL MONITORING FOR THE PLACING ON THE
MARKET................................26 3.3 FINANCING
................................ ................................
................................ ................................ 26
3.3.1 ESTIMATED COSTS OF MONITORING FOR RELEASES
........................................................................27
3.3.2 FINANCING OF POST-MARKETING
MONITORING..............................................................................28
3.4 PARTICIPATION OF THE PUBLIC ................................
................................ ................................ .. 28
90/220/EEC AND 2001/18/EC
..............................................................................
.................28 3.4.2 PROPOSALS FOR THE PARTICIPATION OF THE PUBLIC
IN ASSESSING MONITORING PLANS..................29 3.5 ORGANIZATION,
IMPLEMENTATION, COMPETENCE ................................
................................ . 29 3.5.1 COMPETENCE FOR THE
MONITORING OF
GMOS...........................................................................29
3.6 TERMINOLOGY ................................
................................ ................................
........................... 30 3.6.1 SAFETY
RESEARCH.......................................................................................................................30
3.6.2 UNCLEAR DEFINITION OF RELATED RESEARCH AND
MONITORING......................................................31
3.6.2.1 POST-MARKETING MONITORING
........................................................................................................31
3.6.2.2 CULTIVATION-RELATED MONITORING
...................................................................................................32
3.6.2.3 SECTIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL
MONITORING.......................................................................................32
3.6.3 DIRECT, INDIRECT, IMMEDIATE AND DELAYED
EFFECTS.................................................................32
3.6.4 DAMAGE AND RISK
....................................................................................................................32
3.7 INTERACTION OF RISK ASSESSMENT AND MONITORING
................................ ........................... 33 3.8
MONITORING IN A TIERED SYSTEM FROM RELEASE TO PLACING ON THE MARKET
................... 33 3.8.1 *THIRST FOR KNOWLEDGE* VERSUS SAFETY IN
RELEASES
...............................................................35 3.9
CRITERIA OF ECOLOGICAL MONITORING ................................
................................ ..................... 35 3.9.1 TIME
LAGS IN TESTING
................................................................................................................35
3.9.2 MEASURABILITY OF PARAMETERS
.................................................................................................36
3.9.3 COMPARISON OF TRANSGENIC AND TRADITIONAL CROP PLANTS
......................................................37 3.9.4 RISK AND
DAMAGE PARAMETERS
..............................................................................................37
3.9.5 SUSPENSION
CRITERIA.................................................................................................................38
3.9.6 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF THE
RESULTS............................................................................38
3.9.7 HARMONISATION AND ADVANCES OF MONITORING TECHNIQUES
..................................................39 3.9.8
INTERDISCIPLINARY ASPECTS OF AREA
SELECTION..........................................................................39
3.9.9 TEST NETWORKS IN INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION
.......................................................................39
3.10 HIGHER RISK FACTORS ................................
................................ ................................
............... 40 3.10.1 HABITAT OF THE AREA UNDER
CULTIVATION....................................................................................40
3.10.2 DISPERSAL OF GMOS INTO DISTANT AREAS
.................................................................................41
3.10.3 INTROGRESSION OF TRANSGENIC GENETIC MATERIAL INTO RELATED
SPECIES...................................43 3.11 EXPERIMENTAL
REQUIREMENTS FOR TEST SITES DURING THE RELEASE AND PLACING ON THE MARKET
OF GMOS ................................
................................ ............... 43 3.11.1 TEST DESIGN
ON RELEASE
SITES.................................................................................................43
3.11.2 TEST FIELD SIZE
..........................................................................................................................44
3.11.3 BASIC FLORAL SURVEY OF THE RELEASE
SITE..................................................................................44
3.11.4 HOMOGENEITY
CRITERIA..............................................................................................................45
3.11.5 TEST DESIGN, SPATIAL
REPLICATIONS...........................................................................................45
3.11.6 DESTRUCTIVE METHODS AND DISTURBANCE EFFECTS OF TEST PLOTS
..............................................45 4 MONITORING PARAMETERS
AND TEST METHODS ................................ ......... 47 4.1
STANDARD PARAMETERS AND METHODS OF PLANT ECOLOGY
................................ ................. 47 4.2 BIOCHEMICAL
MONITORING METHODS ................................
................................ ................... 48 4.3
ORNITHOLOGICAL MONITORING METHODS ................................
................................ ................ 48 4.4 ENTOMOLOGICAL
MONITORING METHODS ................................
................................ ............... 50 4.4.1 ENTOMOLOGICAL
METHODS AND PARAMETERS
............................................................................50
4.5 SOIL ANALYSES ................................
................................ ................................
......................... 51 4.5.1 SOIL MICROBIOLOGY/SOIL FUNCTION
..............................................................................................52
4.5.1.1
PARAMETERS................................................................................................................................52
4.5.1.2 METHODS OF BASIC SOIL ANALYSES
.................................................................................................53
4.5.1.3 SOIL
FUNCTION...............................................................................................................................53
4.5.1.4 DIVERSITY ANALYSES
.....................................................................................................................54
4.5.1.5 ZOOLOGICAL SOIL
INVESTIGATIONS.....................................................................................................54
5 ECOLOGICAL PROTECTION TARGETS IN AUSTRIA
................................ ........ 55 5.1 HABITATS OF
AGROECOSYSTEMS ................................
................................ ............................. 55 5.1.1
MAN-INFLUENCED PIONEER
BIOTOPES.........................................................................................55
5.1.1.1
FIELDS.........................................................................................................................................55
5.1.2 AGROTOPES
................................................................................................................................56
5.1.3 RUDERAL BIOTOPES
....................................................................................................................57
5.1.4 FALLOW FIELDS, GRASSLAND AND VINEYARDS
...............................................................................57
5.1.4.1 FALLOW FIELDS (COMPLETE FALLOWS)
................................................................................................57
5.1.4.2 FALLOW GRASSLAND
.......................................................................................................................57
5.1.4.3 FALLOW
VINEYARDS........................................................................................................................57
5.1.4.4 ENTOMOLOGIC ASPECTS OF FALLOW
LAND...........................................................................................57
5.1.5 GRAVEL, SAND AND CLAY PITS, QUARRIES (CLOSED-DOWN MINING
AREAS)..................................58 5.1.5.1 OPEN MINING AREAS
(SAND AND GRAVEL,
DUMPS)..........................................................................58
5.1.5.2 OPEN MINING AREAS WITH HEAVY SOILS (CLAY, LOAMY AND MUDDY
SOILS).........................................58 5.1.5.3 ENTOMOLOGIC
ASPECTS OF SAND, GRAVEL AND CLAY PITS
...................................................................58
5.1.6 SEMI-NATURAL OR NATURAL
HABITATS...........................................................................................59
5.1.6.1 ALLUVIAL SOILS OF RIVER STREAMS AND RIPARIAN
AREAS.......................................................................59
5.1.7 THE SOIL AS A
HABITAT...............................................................................................................59
5.1.7.1 SOIL
PROTECTION............................................................................................................................59
5.1.7.2 SIGNIFICANCE OF SOIL ORGANISMS FOR THE SOIL FUNCTION
...................................................................61
5.2 ORNITHOLOGICAL PROTECTION TARGETS IN AGROECOSYSTEMS
................................ ............... 61 5.2.1 CONSERVATION
OF SPECIES DIVERSITY
........................................................................................61
5.2.2 LIST OF ENDANGERED BREEDING BIRDS CHARACTERISTIC OF
AGROECOSYSTEMS............................62 5.2.3 LIST OF ENDANGERED
FOOD AND WINTER GUESTS IN
AGROECOSYSTEMS......................................62 5.2.4
CONSERVATION OF HABITATS OF PARTICULAR ORNITHOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE IN
AGROECOSYSTEMS
.................................................................................................................62
5.2.4.1 SANDY
SOILS................................................................................................................................62
5.2.4.2 ACID SOILS POOR IN NUTRIENTS
........................................................................................................63
5.2.4.3 WET AND HEAVY SOILS
..................................................................................................................63
5.2.4.4 UPLAND FIELDS IN INNER-ALPINE VALLEYS
.........................................................................................63
5.2.4.5 GRAVEL, SAND AND CLAY
PITS.........................................................................................................63
5.2.4.6 AGROTOPES
..................................................................................................................................63
5.2.4.7 AGRICULTURAL AREAS UNDER ORGANIC FARMING
..................................................................................64
5.2.4.8 FALLOW
AREAS..............................................................................................................................64
5.2.4.9 GRAVEL AREAS (ALONG RIVER
STREAMS)............................................................................................64
5.2.5 PROTECTION OF IMPORTANT BIRD AREAS
......................................................................................64
5.2.6 PROTECTION TARGETS IN HABITATS OUTSIDE OF AGROECOSYSTEMS
...............................................64 5.2.6.1 PROTECTION
TARGETS IN ORCHARDS
...................................................................................................65
5.3 PROTECTION TARGETS ACCORDING TO THE FAUNA-FLORA-HABITAT-DIRECTIVE
....................... 65 5.3.1 PLANT SPECIES AND HABITATS ACCORDING TO
ANNEX I AND II OF THE
FAUNA-FLORA-HABITAT-DIRECTIVE...................................................................................65
5.3.2 INSECTS IN AGROECOSYSTEMS ACCORDING TO ANNEX II OF THE
FFH-DIRECTIVE ........................67 5.4 PLANT COMMUNITIES
................................ ................................
................................ ............... 67 5.4.1 SEGETAL
COMMUNITIES (WILD FIELD HERBS)
...............................................................................68
5.4.1.1 STELLARIETEA
MEDIAE....................................................................................................................68
5.4.2 RUDERAL HABITATS
.....................................................................................................................68
5.4.2.1 POLYGONO ARENASTRI-POETEA
ANNUAE...........................................................................................68
5.4.2.2 STELLARIETEA MEDIAE (THEROPHYTE-RICH SYNANTHROPIC COMMUNITIES)
.............................................69 5.4.3 SEMINATURAL
HABITATS
..............................................................................................................70
5.4.3.1 EPILOBIETEA
ANGUSTIFOLII...............................................................................................................71
5.4.3.2 CALLUNO-ULICETEA (DWARF HEATHS)
...............................................................................................72
5.4.3.3 KOELERIO-CORYNEPHORETEA
..........................................................................................................72
5.4.3.4 ISOETO NANOJUNCETEA (DWARF-SEDGES)
........................................................................................72
5.4.4 NATURAL OR SEMI-NATURAL HABITATS WITH A HIGH CAPACITY FOR
INVASION..................................73 5.4.4.1 BIDENTETEA
TRIPARTITI
....................................................................................................................73
5.5 RED LISTS OF ENDANGERED PLANTS IN AUSTRIA
................................ ................................ ....
73 5.6 RED LISTS OF ENDANGERED ANIMALS IN AUSTRIA
................................ ................................ . 74
5.7 BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM PROTECTION
................................ ................................
......... 74 6 REGIONAL ASPECTS IN AUSTRIA
................................ ................................
............ 75 6.1 BIOGEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS
................................ ................................
................................ .... 75 6.2 DESCRIPTION OF REGIONAL
ASPECTS USING POTENTIAL CROSSING PARTNERS OF OILSEED RAPE
................................ ................................
.................... 76 7 REFERENCES ................................
................................ ................................
..................... 82
|
| adam_txt |
CONTENTS PAGE SUMMARY .
. .
. 7 1 INTRODUCTION
. .
. . 11 2 LEGAL PROVISIONS
GOVERNING THE MONITORING OF GMOS . 14 2.1 MONITORING
ACCORDING TO DIRECTIVE 90/220/EEC .
. 14 2.2 MONITORING ACCORDING TO DIRECTIVE
2001/18/EC .
. 15 2.2.1 THE NEW ANNEX VII (MONITORING
PLAN FOR THE PLACING ON THE MARKET OF GMOS) .15 2.2.2
SPECIFYING ANNEX VII BY WAY OF GUIDANCE
NOTES.16
2.2.3 ESTABLISHMENT AND ASSESSMENT OF MONITORING
PLANS.16 2.2.4
EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION AND REPORTING DUTIES WITH RESPECT TO
MONITORING.17 2.2.5
CONFIDENTIALITY.17
2.3 OVERLAPPING OF DIRECTIVE 2001/18/EC WITH OTHER EU-DIRECTIVES
. 17 2.4 NATIONAL LEGAL PROVISIONS IN
RELATION TO TARGETS OF NATURE CONSERVATION . 17 2.5
CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY .
. . 18 3 FRAMEWORK
CONCEPT AND GUIDELINES FOR MONITORING OF GMOS
. .
. 19 3.1 FRAMEWORK CONCEPT FOR ECOLOGICAL
MONITORING OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS
. .
. 19 3.1.1 CASE-SPECIFIC
MONITORING.20
3.1.2 GENERAL SURVEILLANCE
.21
3.1.3 ECOSYSTEM MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF
GMOS.23 3.1.4 MONITORING
OF THE STATE OF THE ART
.23
3.1.5 MONITORING AS EARLY WARNING
SYSTEM.24
3.2 GUIDELINES FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT AND EXAMINATION OF ECOLOGICAL
MONITORING PLANS .
. . 24 3.2.1
GUIDELINES FOR ECOLOGICAL MONITORING FOR RELEASES
.25 3.2.2
GUIDELINES FOR ECOLOGICAL MONITORING FOR THE PLACING ON THE
MARKET.26 3.3 FINANCING
. .
. . 26
3.3.1 ESTIMATED COSTS OF MONITORING FOR RELEASES
.27
3.3.2 FINANCING OF POST-MARKETING
MONITORING.28
3.4 PARTICIPATION OF THE PUBLIC .
. . . 28
90/220/EEC AND 2001/18/EC
.
.28 3.4.2 PROPOSALS FOR THE PARTICIPATION OF THE PUBLIC
IN ASSESSING MONITORING PLANS.29 3.5 ORGANIZATION,
IMPLEMENTATION, COMPETENCE .
. . 29 3.5.1 COMPETENCE FOR THE
MONITORING OF
GMOS.29
3.6 TERMINOLOGY .
. .
. 30 3.6.1 SAFETY
RESEARCH.30
3.6.2 UNCLEAR DEFINITION OF RELATED RESEARCH AND
MONITORING.31
3.6.2.1 POST-MARKETING MONITORING
.31
3.6.2.2 CULTIVATION-RELATED MONITORING
.32
3.6.2.3 SECTIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL
MONITORING.32
3.6.3 DIRECT, INDIRECT, IMMEDIATE AND DELAYED
EFFECTS.32
3.6.4 DAMAGE AND RISK
.32
3.7 INTERACTION OF RISK ASSESSMENT AND MONITORING
. . 33 3.8
MONITORING IN A TIERED SYSTEM FROM RELEASE TO PLACING ON THE MARKET
. 33 3.8.1 *THIRST FOR KNOWLEDGE* VERSUS SAFETY IN
RELEASES
.35 3.9
CRITERIA OF ECOLOGICAL MONITORING .
. . 35 3.9.1 TIME
LAGS IN TESTING
.35
3.9.2 MEASURABILITY OF PARAMETERS
.36
3.9.3 COMPARISON OF TRANSGENIC AND TRADITIONAL CROP PLANTS
.37 3.9.4 RISK AND
DAMAGE PARAMETERS
.37
3.9.5 SUSPENSION
CRITERIA.38
3.9.6 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF THE
RESULTS.38
3.9.7 HARMONISATION AND ADVANCES OF MONITORING TECHNIQUES
.39 3.9.8
INTERDISCIPLINARY ASPECTS OF AREA
SELECTION.39
3.9.9 TEST NETWORKS IN INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION
.39
3.10 HIGHER RISK FACTORS .
. .
. 40 3.10.1 HABITAT OF THE AREA UNDER
CULTIVATION.40
3.10.2 DISPERSAL OF GMOS INTO DISTANT AREAS
.41
3.10.3 INTROGRESSION OF TRANSGENIC GENETIC MATERIAL INTO RELATED
SPECIES.43 3.11 EXPERIMENTAL
REQUIREMENTS FOR TEST SITES DURING THE RELEASE AND PLACING ON THE MARKET
OF GMOS .
. . 43 3.11.1 TEST DESIGN
ON RELEASE
SITES.43
3.11.2 TEST FIELD SIZE
.44
3.11.3 BASIC FLORAL SURVEY OF THE RELEASE
SITE.44
3.11.4 HOMOGENEITY
CRITERIA.45
3.11.5 TEST DESIGN, SPATIAL
REPLICATIONS.45
3.11.6 DESTRUCTIVE METHODS AND DISTURBANCE EFFECTS OF TEST PLOTS
.45 4 MONITORING PARAMETERS
AND TEST METHODS . . 47 4.1
STANDARD PARAMETERS AND METHODS OF PLANT ECOLOGY
. . 47 4.2 BIOCHEMICAL
MONITORING METHODS .
. . 48 4.3
ORNITHOLOGICAL MONITORING METHODS .
. . 48 4.4 ENTOMOLOGICAL
MONITORING METHODS .
. . 50 4.4.1 ENTOMOLOGICAL
METHODS AND PARAMETERS
.50
4.5 SOIL ANALYSES .
. .
. 51 4.5.1 SOIL MICROBIOLOGY/SOIL FUNCTION
.52
4.5.1.1
PARAMETERS.52
4.5.1.2 METHODS OF BASIC SOIL ANALYSES
.53
4.5.1.3 SOIL
FUNCTION.53
4.5.1.4 DIVERSITY ANALYSES
.54
4.5.1.5 ZOOLOGICAL SOIL
INVESTIGATIONS.54
5 ECOLOGICAL PROTECTION TARGETS IN AUSTRIA
. . 55 5.1 HABITATS OF
AGROECOSYSTEMS .
. . 55 5.1.1
MAN-INFLUENCED PIONEER
BIOTOPES.55
5.1.1.1
FIELDS.55
5.1.2 AGROTOPES
.56
5.1.3 RUDERAL BIOTOPES
.57
5.1.4 FALLOW FIELDS, GRASSLAND AND VINEYARDS
.57
5.1.4.1 FALLOW FIELDS (COMPLETE FALLOWS)
.57
5.1.4.2 FALLOW GRASSLAND
.57
5.1.4.3 FALLOW
VINEYARDS.57
5.1.4.4 ENTOMOLOGIC ASPECTS OF FALLOW
LAND.57
5.1.5 GRAVEL, SAND AND CLAY PITS, QUARRIES (CLOSED-DOWN MINING
AREAS).58 5.1.5.1 OPEN MINING AREAS
(SAND AND GRAVEL,
DUMPS).58
5.1.5.2 OPEN MINING AREAS WITH HEAVY SOILS (CLAY, LOAMY AND MUDDY
SOILS).58 5.1.5.3 ENTOMOLOGIC
ASPECTS OF SAND, GRAVEL AND CLAY PITS
.58
5.1.6 SEMI-NATURAL OR NATURAL
HABITATS.59
5.1.6.1 ALLUVIAL SOILS OF RIVER STREAMS AND RIPARIAN
AREAS.59
5.1.7 THE SOIL AS A
HABITAT.59
5.1.7.1 SOIL
PROTECTION.59
5.1.7.2 SIGNIFICANCE OF SOIL ORGANISMS FOR THE SOIL FUNCTION
.61
5.2 ORNITHOLOGICAL PROTECTION TARGETS IN AGROECOSYSTEMS
. . 61 5.2.1 CONSERVATION
OF SPECIES DIVERSITY
.61
5.2.2 LIST OF ENDANGERED BREEDING BIRDS CHARACTERISTIC OF
AGROECOSYSTEMS.62 5.2.3 LIST OF ENDANGERED
FOOD AND WINTER GUESTS IN
AGROECOSYSTEMS.62 5.2.4
CONSERVATION OF HABITATS OF PARTICULAR ORNITHOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE IN
AGROECOSYSTEMS
.62
5.2.4.1 SANDY
SOILS.62
5.2.4.2 ACID SOILS POOR IN NUTRIENTS
.63
5.2.4.3 WET AND HEAVY SOILS
.63
5.2.4.4 UPLAND FIELDS IN INNER-ALPINE VALLEYS
.63
5.2.4.5 GRAVEL, SAND AND CLAY
PITS.63
5.2.4.6 AGROTOPES
.63
5.2.4.7 AGRICULTURAL AREAS UNDER ORGANIC FARMING
.64
5.2.4.8 FALLOW
AREAS.64
5.2.4.9 GRAVEL AREAS (ALONG RIVER
STREAMS).64
5.2.5 PROTECTION OF IMPORTANT BIRD AREAS
.64
5.2.6 PROTECTION TARGETS IN HABITATS OUTSIDE OF AGROECOSYSTEMS
.64 5.2.6.1 PROTECTION
TARGETS IN ORCHARDS
.65
5.3 PROTECTION TARGETS ACCORDING TO THE FAUNA-FLORA-HABITAT-DIRECTIVE
. 65 5.3.1 PLANT SPECIES AND HABITATS ACCORDING TO
ANNEX I AND II OF THE
FAUNA-FLORA-HABITAT-DIRECTIVE.65
5.3.2 INSECTS IN AGROECOSYSTEMS ACCORDING TO ANNEX II OF THE
FFH-DIRECTIVE .67 5.4 PLANT COMMUNITIES
. .
. . 67 5.4.1 SEGETAL
COMMUNITIES (WILD FIELD HERBS)
.68
5.4.1.1 STELLARIETEA
MEDIAE.68
5.4.2 RUDERAL HABITATS
.68
5.4.2.1 POLYGONO ARENASTRI-POETEA
ANNUAE.68
5.4.2.2 STELLARIETEA MEDIAE (THEROPHYTE-RICH SYNANTHROPIC COMMUNITIES)
.69 5.4.3 SEMINATURAL
HABITATS
.70
5.4.3.1 EPILOBIETEA
ANGUSTIFOLII.71
5.4.3.2 CALLUNO-ULICETEA (DWARF HEATHS)
.72
5.4.3.3 KOELERIO-CORYNEPHORETEA
.72
5.4.3.4 ISOETO NANOJUNCETEA (DWARF-SEDGES)
.72
5.4.4 NATURAL OR SEMI-NATURAL HABITATS WITH A HIGH CAPACITY FOR
INVASION.73 5.4.4.1 BIDENTETEA
TRIPARTITI
.73
5.5 RED LISTS OF ENDANGERED PLANTS IN AUSTRIA
. . .
73 5.6 RED LISTS OF ENDANGERED ANIMALS IN AUSTRIA
. . . 74
5.7 BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM PROTECTION
. .
. 74 6 REGIONAL ASPECTS IN AUSTRIA
. .
. 75 6.1 BIOGEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS
. .
. . 75 6.2 DESCRIPTION OF REGIONAL
ASPECTS USING POTENTIAL CROSSING PARTNERS OF OILSEED RAPE
. .
. 76 7 REFERENCES .
. .
. 82 |
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| geographic | Österreich (DE-588)4043271-3 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Österreich |
| id | DE-604.BV021261074 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T13:41:58Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T20:34:06Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 3854576072 |
| language | English |
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| physical | 87 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2001 |
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| series2 | Monographien / Umweltbundesamt |
| spelling | Ecological monitoring of genetically modified organisms Andreas Traxler ... Wien Umweltbundesamt 2001 87 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Monographien / Umweltbundesamt 147 Literaturverz. S. 82 - 87 Ökosystem (DE-588)4043216-6 gnd rswk-swf Transgener Organismus (DE-588)4314075-0 gnd rswk-swf Biomonitoring (DE-588)4224449-3 gnd rswk-swf Österreich (DE-588)4043271-3 gnd rswk-swf Österreich (DE-588)4043271-3 g Transgener Organismus (DE-588)4314075-0 s Ökosystem (DE-588)4043216-6 s Biomonitoring (DE-588)4224449-3 s 1\p DE-604 Traxler, Andreas Sonstige oth Umweltbundesamt Monographien 147 (DE-604)BV013614063 147 OEBV Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014582313&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Ecological monitoring of genetically modified organisms Ökosystem (DE-588)4043216-6 gnd Transgener Organismus (DE-588)4314075-0 gnd Biomonitoring (DE-588)4224449-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4043216-6 (DE-588)4314075-0 (DE-588)4224449-3 (DE-588)4043271-3 |
| title | Ecological monitoring of genetically modified organisms |
| title_auth | Ecological monitoring of genetically modified organisms |
| title_exact_search | Ecological monitoring of genetically modified organisms |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Ecological monitoring of genetically modified organisms |
| title_full | Ecological monitoring of genetically modified organisms Andreas Traxler ... |
| title_fullStr | Ecological monitoring of genetically modified organisms Andreas Traxler ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ecological monitoring of genetically modified organisms Andreas Traxler ... |
| title_short | Ecological monitoring of genetically modified organisms |
| title_sort | ecological monitoring of genetically modified organisms |
| topic | Ökosystem (DE-588)4043216-6 gnd Transgener Organismus (DE-588)4314075-0 gnd Biomonitoring (DE-588)4224449-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Ökosystem Transgener Organismus Biomonitoring Österreich |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014582313&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV013614063 |
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