Fuel cell fundamentals:
Gespeichert in:
Format: | Buch |
---|---|
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Hoboken, NJ
Wiley
2006
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Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
Beschreibung: | XXII, 409 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
ISBN: | 0471741485 9780471741480 |
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245 | 1 | 0 | |a Fuel cell fundamentals |c Ryan P. O'Hayre ... [et al.] |
264 | 1 | |a Hoboken, NJ |b Wiley |c 2006 | |
300 | |a XXII, 409 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
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500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
650 | 4 | |a Piles à combustible - Manuels d'enseignement supérieur | |
650 | 4 | |a Yakıt pilleri - Metinler | |
650 | 4 | |a Fuel cells |v Textbooks | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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adam_text | FUELCELL FUNDAMENTALS RYAN P. O HAYRE JOINT NSF FELLOW DEPARTMENT OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING STANFORD UNIVERSITY DELFT INSTITUTE FOR
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY DELFT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY SUK-WON CHA SCHOOL OF
MECHANICAL AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING SEOUL NATIONAL UNIVERSITY WHITNEY
COLELLA DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING STANFORD
UNIVERSITY FRITZ B. PRINZ R. H. ADAMS PROFESSOR OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENTS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING STANFORD UNIVERSITY JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. CONTENTS PREFACE
XV ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS XVII NOMENCLATURE XIX I FUEL CELL PRINCIPLES 1
INTRODUCTION 3 1.1 WHAT IS A FUEL CELL? / 3 1.2 A SIMPLE FUEL CELL / 5
1.3 FUEL CELL ADVANTAGES / 8 1.4 FUEL CELL DISADVANTAGES / 8 1.5 FUEL
CELL TYPES / 10 1.6 BASIC FUEL CELL OPERATION / 12 1.7 FUEL CELL
PERFORMANCE / 16 1.8 CHARACTERIZATION AND MODELING / 18 1.9 FUEL CELL
TECHNOLOGY / 18 1.10 FUEL CELLS AND THE ENVIRONMENT / 19 CHAPTER SUMMARY
/ 20 CHAPTER EXERCISES / 21 VLI VILL CONTENTS FUEL CELL THERMODYNAMICS :
2.1 THERMODYNAMICS REVIEW / 23 2.1.1 WHAT IS THERMODYNAMICS? / 24 2.1.2
INTERNAL ENERGY / 24 2.1.3 FIRST LAW / 25 2.1.4 SECOND LAW / 25 2.1.5
THERMODYNAMIC POTENTIALS / 27 2.1.6 MOLAR QUANTITIES / 30 2.1.7 STANDARD
STATE / 31 2.1.8 REVERSIBILITY / 31 2.2 HEAT POTENTIAL OF A FUEL:
ENTHALPY OF REACTION / 32 2.2.1 CALCULATING REACTION ENTHALPIES / 32
2.2.2 TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF ENTHALPY / 34 2.3 WORK POTENTIAL OF A
FUEL: GIBBS FREE ENERGY / 35 2.3.1 CALCULATING GIBBS FREE ENERGIES / 35
2.3.2 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GIBBS FREE ENERGY AND ELECTRICAL WORK / 37
2.3.3 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GIBBS FREE ENERGY AND REACTION SPONTANEITY /
38 2.3.4 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GIBBS FREE ENERGY AND VOLTAGE / 38 2.3.5
STANDARD ELECTRODE POTENTIALS: COMPUTING REVERSIBLE VOLTAGES / 39 2.4
PREDICTING REVERSIBLE VOLTAGE OF A FUEL CELL UNDER NON-STANDARD-STATE
CONDITIONS / 42 2.4.1 REVERSIBLE VOLTAGE VARIATION WITH TEMPERATURE / 42
2.4.2 REVERSIBLE VOLTAGE VARIATION WITH PRESSURE / 44 2.4.3 REVERSIBLE
VOLTAGE VARIATION WITH CONCENTRATION: NERNST EQUATION / 45 2.4.4
CONCENTRATION CELLS / 49 2.4.5 SUMMARY / 51 2.5 FUEL CELL EFFICIENCY /
52 2.5.1 IDEAL REVERSIBLE FUEL CELL EFFICIENCY / 52 2.5.2 REAL
(PRACTICAL) FUEL CELL EFFICIENCY / 54 CHAPTER SUMMARY / 56 CHAPTER
EXERCISES / 57 FUEL CELL REACTION KINETICS ! 3.1 INTRODUCTION TO
ELECTRODE KINETICS / 59 3.1.1 ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTIONS ARE DIFFERENT
FROM CHEMICAL REACTIONS / 60 3.1.2 ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESSES ARE
HETEROGENEOUS / 60 3.1.3 CURRENT IS A RATE / 60 CONTENTS IX 3.1.4 CHARGE
IS AN AMOUNT / 61 3.1.5 CURRENT DENSITY IS MORE FUNDAMENTAL THAN CURRENT
/ 62 3.1.6 POTENTIAL CONTROLS ELECTRON ENERGY / 62 3.1.7 REACTION RATES
ARE FINITE / 63 3.2 WHY CHARGE TRANSFER REACTIONS HAVE AN ACTIVATION
ENERGY / 64 3.3 ACTIVATION ENERGY DETERMINES REACTION RATE / 66 3.4
CALCULATING NET RATE OF A REACTION / 67 3.5 RATE OF REACTION AT
EQUILIBRIUM: EXCHANGE CURRENT DENSITY / 68 3.6 POTENTIAL OF A REACTION
AT EQUILIBRIUM: GALVANI POTENTIAL / 69 3.7 POTENTIAL AND RATE:
BUTLER-VOLMER EQUATION / 71 3.8 EXCHANGE CURRENTS AND ELECTROCATALYSIS:
HOW TO IMPROVE KINETIC PERFORMANCE / 76 3.8.1 INCREASE REACTANT
CONCENTRATION / 76 3.8.2 DECREASE ACTIVATION BARRIER / 77 3.8.3 INCREASE
TEMPERATURE / 78 3.8.4 INCREASE REACTION SITES / 78 3.9 SIMPLIFIED
ACTIVATION KINETICS: TAFEL EQUATION / 78 3.10 DIFFERENT FUEL CELL
REACTIONS PRODUCE DIFFERENT KINETICS / 81 3.11 CATALYST-ELECTRODE DESIGN
/ 84 3.12 QUANTUM MECHANICS: FRAMEWORK FOR UNDERSTANDING CATALYSIS IN
FUEL CELLS / 86 CHAPTER SUMMARY / 89 CHAPTER EXERCISES / 90 FUEL CELL
CHARGE TRANSPORT 93 4.1 CHARGES MOVE IN RESPONSE TO FORCES / 93 4.2
CHARGE TRANSPORT RESULTS IN A VOLTAGE LOSS / 96 4.3 CHARACTERISTICS OF
FUEL CELL CHARGE TRANSPORT RESISTANCE / 99 4.3.1 RESISTANCE SCALES WITH
AREA / 100 4.3.2 RESISTANCE SCALES WITH THICKNESS / 102 4.3.3 FUEL CELL
RESISTANCES ARE ADDITIVE / 103 4.3.4 IONIC (ELECTROLYTE) RESISTANCE
USUALLY DOMINATES / 104 4.4 PHYSICAL MEANING OF CONDUCTIVITY / 104 4.4.1
ELECTRONIC VERSUS IONIC CONDUCTORS / 105 4.4.2 ELECTRON CONDUCTIVITY IN
A METAL / 106 4.4.3 ION CONDUCTIVITY IN A CRYSTALLINE SOLID ELECTROLYTE
/ 106 4.5 REVIEW OF FUEL CELL ELECTROLYTE CLASSES / 107 4.5.1 IONIC
CONDUCTION IN AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTES/IONIC LIQUIDS / 108 4.5.2 IONIC
CONDUCTION IN POLYMER ELECTROLYTES / 110 4.5.3 IONIC CONDUCTION IN
CERAMIC ELECTROLYTES / 121 4.6 MORE ON DIRRUSWITY AND CONDUCTIVITY
(UPTIONALJ / 1Z3 4.6.1 ATOMISTIC ORIGINS OF DIFFUSIVITY / 125 4.6.2
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONDUCTIVITY AND DIFFUSIVITY (1) / 128 4.6.3
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIFFUSIVITY AND CONDUCTIVITY (2) / 130 4.7 WHY
ELECTRICAL DRIVING FORCES DOMINATE CHARGE TRANSPORT (OPTIONAL) / 131
CHAPTER SUMMARY / 132 CHAPTER EXERCISES / 133 FUEL CELL MASS TRANSPORT
13/ 5.1 TRANSPORT IN ELECTRODE VERSUS ROW STRUCTURE / 138 5.2 TRANSPORT
IN ELECTRODE: DIFFUSIVE TRANSPORT / 140 5.2.1 ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION
DRIVES DIFFUSION / 140 5.2.2 LIMITING CURRENT DENSITY / 145 5.2.3
CONCENTRATION AFFECTS NERNST VOLTAGE / 146 5.2.4 CONCENTRATION AFFECTS
REACTION RATE / 147 5.2.5 SUMMARY OF FUEL CELL CONCENTRATION LOSS / 149
5.3 TRANSPORT IN FLOW STRUCTURES: CONVECTIVE TRANSPORT / 150 5.3.1 FLUID
MECHANICS REVIEW / 151 5.3.2 MASS TRANSPORT IN FLOW CHANNELS / 156 5.3.3
GAS IS DEPLETED ALONG FLOW CHANNEL / 159 5.3.4 FLOW STRUCTURE DESIGN /
163 CHAPTER SUMMARY / 166 CHAPTER EXERCISES / 168 FUEL CELL MODELING 16!
6.1 PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER: A BASIC FUEL CELL MODEL / 169 6.2 A ID FUEL
CELL MODEL / 173 6.2.1 FLUX BALANCE IN FUEL CELLS / 174 6.2.2
SIMPLIFYING ASSUMPTIONS / 177 6.2.3 GOVERNING EQUATIONS / 179 6.2.4
EXAMPLES / 183 6.2.5 ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS / 192 6.3 FUEL CELL
MODELS BASED ON COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (OPTIONAL) / 193 CHAPTER
SUMMARY / 196 CHAPTER EXERCISES / 197 FUEL CELL CHARACTERIZATION 20 7.1
WHAT DO WE WANT TO CHARACTERIZE? / 201 7.2 OVERVIEW OF CHARACTERIZATION
TECHNIQUES / 203 CONTENTS XI 7.3 IN SITU ELECTROCHEMICAL
CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES / 204 7.3.1 FUNDAMENTAL ELECTROCHEMICAL
VARIABLES: VOLTAGE, CURRENT, AND TIME / 204 7.3.2 BASIC FUEL CELL TEST
STATION REQUIREMENTS / 206 7.3.3 CURRENT-VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT / 207 7.3.4
ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY / 209 7.3.5 CURRENT INTERRUPT
MEASUREMENT / 224 7.3.6 CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY / 227 7.4 EX SITU
CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES / 228 7.4.1 POROSITY DETERMINATION / 228
7.4.2 BET SURFACE AREA DETERMINATION / 229 7.4.3 GAS PERMEABILITY / 230
7.4.4 STRUCTURE DETERMINATIONS / 230 7.4.5 CHEMICAL DETERMINATIONS / 230
CHAPTER SUMMARY / 230 CHAPTER EXERCISES / 232 FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY J
OVERVIEW OF FUEL CELL TYPES 235 8.1 INTRODUCTION / 235 8.2 PHOSPHORIC
ACID FUEL CELL / 235 8.3 POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL / 237
8.4 ALKALINE FUEL CELL / 240 8.5 MOLTEN CARBONATE FUEL CELL / 242 8.6
SOLID-OXIDE FUEL CELL / 244 8.7 SUMMARY COMPARISON / 246 CHAPTER SUMMARY
/ 246 CHAPTER EXERCISES / 249 ) OVERVIEW OF FUEL CELL SYSTEMS 251 9.1
FUEL CELL STACK (FUEL CELL SUBSYSTEM) / 252 9.2 THE THERMAL MANAGEMENT
SUBSYSTEM / 256 9.3 FUEL DELIVERY/PROCESSING SUBSYSTEM / 258 9.3.1 H 2
STORAGE / 259 9.3.2 USING A H 2 CARRIER / 262 9.3.3 FUEL
DELIVERY/PROCESSING SUBSYSTEM SUMMARY / 265 9.4 POWER ELECTRONICS
SUBSYSTEM / 265 9.4.1 POWER REGULATION / 267 XLI CONTENTS 9.4.2 POWER
INVERSION / 268 9.4.3 MONITORING AND CONTROL SYSTEM / 269 9.4.4 POWER
SUPPLY MANAGEMENT / 270 9.5 CASE STUDY OF FUEL CELL SYSTEM DESIGN:
SIZING A PORTABLE FUEL CELL / 271 CHAPTER SUMMARY / 274 CHAPTER
EXERCISES / 276 10 FUEL CELL SYSTEM INTEGRATION AND SUBSYSTEM DESIGN 27
10.1 INTEGRATED OVERVIEW OF FOUR PRIMARY SUBSYSTEMS / 280 10.1.1 FUEL
PROCESSOR SUBSYSTEM / 283 10.1.2 FUEL CELL SUBSYSTEM / 285 10.1.3 POWER
ELECTRONICS SUBSYSTEM / 288 10.1.4 THERMAL MANAGEMENT SUBSYSTEM / 289
10.1.5 NET ELECTRICAL AND HEAT RECOVERY EFFICIENCIES / 290 10.2 EXTERNAL
REFORMING: FUEL PROCESSING SUBSYSTEMS / 292 10.2.1 FUEL REFORMING
OVERVIEW / 292 10.2.2 STEAM REFORMING / 293 10.2.3 PARTIAL OXIDATION
REFORMING / 297 10.2.4 AUTOTHERMAL REFORMING (AR) / 299 10.2.5 WATER-GAS
SHIFT REACTORS / 303 10.2.6 CARBON MONOXIDE CLEAN-UP / 304 10.2.7
SELECTIVE METHANATION OF CARBON MONOXIDE TO METHANE / 305 10.2.8
SELECTIVE OXIDATION OF CARBON MONOXIDE TO CARBON DIOXIDE / 305 10.2.9
PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION / 306 10.2.10 PALLADIUM MEMBRANE SEPARATION /
307 10.3 THERMAL MANAGEMENT SUBSYSTEM / 308 10.3.1 OVERVIEW OF PINCH
POINT ANALYSIS STEPS / 308 CHAPTER SUMMARY / 321 CHAPTER EXERCISES / 322
11 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF FUEL CELLS 32 11.1 LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT /
325 11.1.1 LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT AS A TOOL / 326 11.1.2 LIFE CYCLE
ASSESSMENT APPLIED TO FUEL CELLS / 328 11.2 IMPORTANT EMISSIONS FOR LCA
/ 334 11.3 EMISSIONS RELATED TO GLOBAL WARMING / 335 11.3.1 CLIMATE
CHANGE / 335 11.3.2 NATURAL GREENHOUSE EFFECT / 335 11.3.3 GLOBAL
WARMING / 336 CONTENTS XIII 11.3.4 EVIDENCE OF GLOBAL WANNING / 337
11.3.5 HYDROGEN AS A POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTOR TO GLOBAL WARMING / 338
11.3.6 QUANTIFYING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT*CARBON DIOXIDE EQUIVALENT / 341
11.3.7 QUANTIFYING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT*EXTERNAL COSTS OF GLOBAL WARMING
/ 341 11.4 EMISSIONS RELATED TO AIR POLLUTION / 344 11.4.1 HYDROGEN AS A
POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTOR TO AIR POLLUTION / 345 11.4.2 QUANTIFYING
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT*HEALTH EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION / 345 11.4.3
QUANTIFYING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT*EXTERNAL COSTS OF AIR POLLUTION / 347
11.5 ANALYZING ENTIRE SCENARIOS WITH LCA / 348 11.5.1 ELECTRIC POWER
SCENARIO / 349 CHAPTER SUMMARY / 352 CHAPTER EXERCISES / 353 PPENDIXES {
CONSTANTS AND CONVERSIONS 357 I THERMODYNAMIC DATA 359 : STANDARD
ELECTRODE POTENTIALS AT 25 C 369 QUANTUM MECHANICS 371 D.I ATOMIC
ORBITALS / 373 D.2 POSTULATES OF QUANTUM MECHANICS / 374 D.3
ONE-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON GAS / 376 D.4 ANALOGY TO COLUMN BUCKLING / 377
D.5 HYDROGEN ATOM / 378 * GOVERNING EQUATIONS OF CFD FUEL CELL MODEL 381
: PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS 385 I SUGGESTED FURTHER READING 387
IBLIOGRAPHY 389 IPORTANT EQUATIONS 395 IDEX 399
|
adam_txt |
FUELCELL FUNDAMENTALS RYAN P. O'HAYRE JOINT NSF FELLOW DEPARTMENT OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING STANFORD UNIVERSITY DELFT INSTITUTE FOR
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY DELFT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY SUK-WON CHA SCHOOL OF
MECHANICAL AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING SEOUL NATIONAL UNIVERSITY WHITNEY
COLELLA DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING STANFORD
UNIVERSITY FRITZ B. PRINZ R. H. ADAMS PROFESSOR OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENTS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING STANFORD UNIVERSITY JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. CONTENTS PREFACE
XV ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS XVII ' NOMENCLATURE XIX I FUEL CELL PRINCIPLES 1
INTRODUCTION 3 1.1 WHAT IS A FUEL CELL? / 3 1.2 A SIMPLE FUEL CELL / 5
1.3 FUEL CELL ADVANTAGES / 8 1.4 FUEL CELL DISADVANTAGES / 8 1.5 FUEL
CELL TYPES / 10 1.6 BASIC FUEL CELL OPERATION / 12 1.7 FUEL CELL
PERFORMANCE / 16 1.8 CHARACTERIZATION AND MODELING / 18 1.9 FUEL CELL
TECHNOLOGY / 18 1.10 FUEL CELLS AND THE ENVIRONMENT / 19 CHAPTER SUMMARY
/ 20 CHAPTER EXERCISES / 21 VLI VILL CONTENTS FUEL CELL THERMODYNAMICS :
2.1 THERMODYNAMICS REVIEW / 23 2.1.1 WHAT IS THERMODYNAMICS? / 24 2.1.2
INTERNAL ENERGY / 24 2.1.3 FIRST LAW / 25 2.1.4 SECOND LAW / 25 2.1.5
THERMODYNAMIC POTENTIALS / 27 2.1.6 MOLAR QUANTITIES / 30 2.1.7 STANDARD
STATE / 31 2.1.8 REVERSIBILITY / 31 2.2 HEAT POTENTIAL OF A FUEL:
ENTHALPY OF REACTION / 32 2.2.1 CALCULATING REACTION ENTHALPIES / 32
2.2.2 TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF ENTHALPY / 34 2.3 WORK POTENTIAL OF A
FUEL: GIBBS FREE ENERGY / 35 2.3.1 CALCULATING GIBBS FREE ENERGIES / 35
2.3.2 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GIBBS FREE ENERGY AND ELECTRICAL WORK / 37
2.3.3 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GIBBS FREE ENERGY AND REACTION SPONTANEITY /
38 2.3.4 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GIBBS FREE ENERGY AND VOLTAGE / 38 2.3.5
STANDARD ELECTRODE POTENTIALS: COMPUTING REVERSIBLE VOLTAGES / 39 2.4
PREDICTING REVERSIBLE VOLTAGE OF A FUEL CELL UNDER NON-STANDARD-STATE
CONDITIONS / 42 2.4.1 REVERSIBLE VOLTAGE VARIATION WITH TEMPERATURE / 42
2.4.2 REVERSIBLE VOLTAGE VARIATION WITH PRESSURE / 44 2.4.3 REVERSIBLE
VOLTAGE VARIATION WITH CONCENTRATION: NERNST EQUATION / 45 2.4.4
CONCENTRATION CELLS / 49 2.4.5 SUMMARY / 51 2.5 FUEL CELL EFFICIENCY /
52 2.5.1 IDEAL REVERSIBLE FUEL CELL EFFICIENCY / 52 2.5.2 REAL
(PRACTICAL) FUEL CELL EFFICIENCY / 54 CHAPTER SUMMARY / 56 CHAPTER
EXERCISES / 57 FUEL CELL REACTION KINETICS ! 3.1 INTRODUCTION TO
ELECTRODE KINETICS / 59 3.1.1 ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTIONS ARE DIFFERENT
FROM CHEMICAL REACTIONS / 60 3.1.2 ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESSES ARE
HETEROGENEOUS / 60 3.1.3 CURRENT IS A RATE / 60 CONTENTS IX 3.1.4 CHARGE
IS AN AMOUNT / 61 3.1.5 CURRENT DENSITY IS MORE FUNDAMENTAL THAN CURRENT
/ 62 3.1.6 POTENTIAL CONTROLS ELECTRON ENERGY / 62 3.1.7 REACTION RATES
ARE FINITE / 63 3.2 WHY CHARGE TRANSFER REACTIONS HAVE AN ACTIVATION
ENERGY / 64 3.3 ACTIVATION ENERGY DETERMINES REACTION RATE / 66 3.4
CALCULATING NET RATE OF A REACTION / 67 3.5 RATE OF REACTION AT
EQUILIBRIUM: EXCHANGE CURRENT DENSITY / 68 3.6 POTENTIAL OF A REACTION
AT EQUILIBRIUM: GALVANI POTENTIAL / 69 3.7 POTENTIAL AND RATE:
BUTLER-VOLMER EQUATION / 71 3.8 EXCHANGE CURRENTS AND ELECTROCATALYSIS:
HOW TO IMPROVE KINETIC PERFORMANCE / 76 3.8.1 INCREASE REACTANT
CONCENTRATION / 76 3.8.2 DECREASE ACTIVATION BARRIER / 77 3.8.3 INCREASE
TEMPERATURE / 78 3.8.4 INCREASE REACTION SITES / 78 3.9 SIMPLIFIED
ACTIVATION KINETICS: TAFEL EQUATION / 78 3.10 DIFFERENT FUEL CELL
REACTIONS PRODUCE DIFFERENT KINETICS / 81 3.11 CATALYST-ELECTRODE DESIGN
/ 84 3.12 QUANTUM MECHANICS: FRAMEWORK FOR UNDERSTANDING CATALYSIS IN
FUEL CELLS / 86 CHAPTER SUMMARY / 89 CHAPTER EXERCISES / 90 FUEL CELL
CHARGE TRANSPORT 93 4.1 CHARGES MOVE IN RESPONSE TO FORCES / 93 4.2
CHARGE TRANSPORT RESULTS IN A VOLTAGE LOSS / 96 4.3 CHARACTERISTICS OF
FUEL CELL CHARGE TRANSPORT RESISTANCE / 99 4.3.1 RESISTANCE SCALES WITH
AREA / 100 4.3.2 RESISTANCE SCALES WITH THICKNESS / 102 4.3.3 FUEL CELL
RESISTANCES ARE ADDITIVE / 103 4.3.4 IONIC (ELECTROLYTE) RESISTANCE
USUALLY DOMINATES / 104 4.4 PHYSICAL MEANING OF CONDUCTIVITY / 104 4.4.1
ELECTRONIC VERSUS IONIC CONDUCTORS / 105 4.4.2 ELECTRON CONDUCTIVITY IN
A METAL / 106 4.4.3 ION CONDUCTIVITY IN A CRYSTALLINE SOLID ELECTROLYTE
/ 106 4.5 REVIEW OF FUEL CELL ELECTROLYTE CLASSES / 107 4.5.1 IONIC
CONDUCTION IN AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTES/IONIC LIQUIDS / 108 4.5.2 IONIC
CONDUCTION IN POLYMER ELECTROLYTES / 110 4.5.3 IONIC CONDUCTION IN
CERAMIC ELECTROLYTES / 121 4.6 MORE ON DIRRUSWITY AND CONDUCTIVITY
(UPTIONALJ / 1Z3 4.6.1 ATOMISTIC ORIGINS OF DIFFUSIVITY / 125 4.6.2
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONDUCTIVITY AND DIFFUSIVITY (1) / 128 4.6.3
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIFFUSIVITY AND CONDUCTIVITY (2) / 130 4.7 WHY
ELECTRICAL DRIVING FORCES DOMINATE CHARGE TRANSPORT (OPTIONAL) / 131
CHAPTER SUMMARY / 132 CHAPTER EXERCISES / 133 FUEL CELL MASS TRANSPORT
13/ 5.1 TRANSPORT IN ELECTRODE VERSUS ROW STRUCTURE / 138 5.2 TRANSPORT
IN ELECTRODE: DIFFUSIVE TRANSPORT / 140 5.2.1 ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION
DRIVES DIFFUSION / 140 5.2.2 LIMITING CURRENT DENSITY / 145 5.2.3
CONCENTRATION AFFECTS NERNST VOLTAGE / 146 5.2.4 CONCENTRATION AFFECTS
REACTION RATE / 147 5.2.5 SUMMARY OF FUEL CELL CONCENTRATION LOSS / 149
5.3 TRANSPORT IN FLOW STRUCTURES: CONVECTIVE TRANSPORT / 150 5.3.1 FLUID
MECHANICS REVIEW / 151 5.3.2 MASS TRANSPORT IN FLOW CHANNELS / 156 5.3.3
GAS IS DEPLETED ALONG FLOW CHANNEL / 159 5.3.4 FLOW STRUCTURE DESIGN /
163 CHAPTER SUMMARY / 166 CHAPTER EXERCISES / 168 FUEL CELL MODELING 16!
6.1 PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER: A BASIC FUEL CELL MODEL / 169 6.2 A ID FUEL
CELL MODEL / 173 6.2.1 FLUX BALANCE IN FUEL CELLS / 174 6.2.2
SIMPLIFYING ASSUMPTIONS / 177 6.2.3 GOVERNING EQUATIONS / 179 6.2.4
EXAMPLES / 183 6.2.5 ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS / 192 6.3 FUEL CELL
MODELS BASED ON COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (OPTIONAL) / 193 CHAPTER
SUMMARY / 196 CHAPTER EXERCISES / 197 FUEL CELL CHARACTERIZATION 20 7.1
WHAT DO WE WANT TO CHARACTERIZE? / 201 7.2 OVERVIEW OF CHARACTERIZATION
TECHNIQUES / 203 CONTENTS XI 7.3 IN SITU ELECTROCHEMICAL
CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES / 204 7.3.1 FUNDAMENTAL ELECTROCHEMICAL
VARIABLES: VOLTAGE, CURRENT, AND TIME / 204 7.3.2 BASIC FUEL CELL TEST
STATION REQUIREMENTS / 206 7.3.3 CURRENT-VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT / 207 7.3.4
ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY / 209 7.3.5 CURRENT INTERRUPT
MEASUREMENT / 224 7.3.6 CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY / 227 7.4 EX SITU
CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES / 228 7.4.1 POROSITY DETERMINATION / 228
7.4.2 BET SURFACE AREA DETERMINATION / 229 7.4.3 GAS PERMEABILITY / 230
7.4.4 STRUCTURE DETERMINATIONS / 230 7.4.5 CHEMICAL DETERMINATIONS / 230
CHAPTER SUMMARY / 230 CHAPTER EXERCISES / 232 FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY J
OVERVIEW OF FUEL CELL TYPES 235 8.1 INTRODUCTION / 235 8.2 PHOSPHORIC
ACID FUEL CELL / 235 8.3 POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL / 237
8.4 "ALKALINE FUEL CELL / 240 8.5 MOLTEN CARBONATE FUEL CELL / 242 8.6
SOLID-OXIDE FUEL CELL / 244 8.7 SUMMARY COMPARISON / 246 CHAPTER SUMMARY
/ 246 CHAPTER EXERCISES / 249 ) OVERVIEW OF FUEL CELL SYSTEMS 251 9.1
FUEL CELL STACK (FUEL CELL SUBSYSTEM) / 252 9.2 THE THERMAL MANAGEMENT
SUBSYSTEM / 256 9.3 FUEL DELIVERY/PROCESSING SUBSYSTEM / 258 9.3.1 H 2
STORAGE / 259 9.3.2 USING A H 2 CARRIER / 262 9.3.3 FUEL
DELIVERY/PROCESSING SUBSYSTEM SUMMARY / 265 9.4 POWER ELECTRONICS
SUBSYSTEM / 265 9.4.1 POWER REGULATION / 267 XLI CONTENTS 9.4.2 POWER
INVERSION / 268 9.4.3 MONITORING AND CONTROL SYSTEM / 269 9.4.4 POWER
SUPPLY MANAGEMENT / 270 9.5 CASE STUDY OF FUEL CELL SYSTEM DESIGN:
SIZING A PORTABLE FUEL CELL / 271 CHAPTER SUMMARY / 274 CHAPTER
EXERCISES / 276 10 FUEL CELL SYSTEM INTEGRATION AND SUBSYSTEM DESIGN 27
10.1 INTEGRATED OVERVIEW OF FOUR PRIMARY SUBSYSTEMS / 280 10.1.1 FUEL
PROCESSOR SUBSYSTEM / 283 10.1.2 FUEL CELL SUBSYSTEM / 285 10.1.3 POWER
ELECTRONICS SUBSYSTEM / 288 10.1.4 THERMAL MANAGEMENT SUBSYSTEM / 289
10.1.5 NET ELECTRICAL AND HEAT RECOVERY EFFICIENCIES / 290 10.2 EXTERNAL
REFORMING: FUEL PROCESSING SUBSYSTEMS / 292 10.2.1 FUEL REFORMING
OVERVIEW / 292 10.2.2 STEAM REFORMING / 293 10.2.3 PARTIAL OXIDATION
REFORMING / 297 10.2.4 AUTOTHERMAL REFORMING (AR) / 299 10.2.5 WATER-GAS
SHIFT REACTORS / 303 10.2.6 CARBON MONOXIDE CLEAN-UP / 304 10.2.7
SELECTIVE METHANATION OF CARBON MONOXIDE TO METHANE / 305 10.2.8
SELECTIVE OXIDATION OF CARBON MONOXIDE TO CARBON DIOXIDE / 305 10.2.9
PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION / 306 10.2.10 PALLADIUM MEMBRANE SEPARATION /
307 10.3 THERMAL MANAGEMENT SUBSYSTEM / 308 10.3.1 OVERVIEW OF PINCH
POINT ANALYSIS STEPS / 308 CHAPTER SUMMARY / 321 CHAPTER EXERCISES / 322
11 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF FUEL CELLS 32 11.1 LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT /
325 11.1.1 LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT AS A TOOL / 326 11.1.2 LIFE CYCLE
ASSESSMENT APPLIED TO FUEL CELLS / 328 11.2 IMPORTANT EMISSIONS FOR LCA
/ 334 11.3 EMISSIONS RELATED TO GLOBAL WARMING / 335 11.3.1 CLIMATE
CHANGE / 335 11.3.2 NATURAL GREENHOUSE EFFECT / 335 11.3.3 GLOBAL
WARMING / 336 CONTENTS XIII 11.3.4 EVIDENCE OF GLOBAL WANNING / 337
11.3.5 HYDROGEN AS A POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTOR TO GLOBAL WARMING / 338
11.3.6 QUANTIFYING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT*CARBON DIOXIDE EQUIVALENT / 341
11.3.7 QUANTIFYING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT*EXTERNAL COSTS OF GLOBAL WARMING
/ 341 11.4 EMISSIONS RELATED TO AIR POLLUTION / 344 11.4.1 HYDROGEN AS A
POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTOR TO AIR POLLUTION / 345 11.4.2 QUANTIFYING
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT*HEALTH EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION / 345 11.4.3
QUANTIFYING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT*EXTERNAL COSTS OF AIR POLLUTION / 347
11.5 ANALYZING ENTIRE SCENARIOS WITH LCA / 348 11.5.1 ELECTRIC POWER
SCENARIO / 349 CHAPTER SUMMARY / 352 CHAPTER EXERCISES / 353 PPENDIXES {
CONSTANTS AND CONVERSIONS 357 I THERMODYNAMIC DATA 359 : STANDARD
ELECTRODE POTENTIALS AT 25 C 369 QUANTUM MECHANICS 371 D.I 'ATOMIC
ORBITALS / 373 D.2 POSTULATES OF QUANTUM MECHANICS / 374 D.3
ONE-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON GAS / 376 D.4 ANALOGY TO COLUMN BUCKLING / 377
D.5 HYDROGEN ATOM / 378 * GOVERNING EQUATIONS OF CFD FUEL CELL MODEL 381
: PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS 385 I SUGGESTED FURTHER READING 387
IBLIOGRAPHY 389 IPORTANT EQUATIONS 395 IDEX 399 |
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index_date | 2024-07-02T13:31:15Z |
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spelling | Fuel cell fundamentals Ryan P. O'Hayre ... [et al.] Hoboken, NJ Wiley 2006 XXII, 409 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Piles à combustible - Manuels d'enseignement supérieur Yakıt pilleri - Metinler Fuel cells Textbooks Brennstoffzelle (DE-588)4008195-3 gnd rswk-swf 1\p (DE-588)4123623-3 Lehrbuch gnd-content Brennstoffzelle (DE-588)4008195-3 s DE-604 O'Hayre, Ryan P. 1978- Sonstige (DE-588)1066978395 oth http://www3.ub.tu-berlin.de/ihv/001759920.pdf Inhaltsverzeichnis HEBIS Datenaustausch Darmstadt application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014283444&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
spellingShingle | Fuel cell fundamentals Piles à combustible - Manuels d'enseignement supérieur Yakıt pilleri - Metinler Fuel cells Textbooks Brennstoffzelle (DE-588)4008195-3 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4008195-3 (DE-588)4123623-3 |
title | Fuel cell fundamentals |
title_auth | Fuel cell fundamentals |
title_exact_search | Fuel cell fundamentals |
title_exact_search_txtP | Fuel cell fundamentals |
title_full | Fuel cell fundamentals Ryan P. O'Hayre ... [et al.] |
title_fullStr | Fuel cell fundamentals Ryan P. O'Hayre ... [et al.] |
title_full_unstemmed | Fuel cell fundamentals Ryan P. O'Hayre ... [et al.] |
title_short | Fuel cell fundamentals |
title_sort | fuel cell fundamentals |
topic | Piles à combustible - Manuels d'enseignement supérieur Yakıt pilleri - Metinler Fuel cells Textbooks Brennstoffzelle (DE-588)4008195-3 gnd |
topic_facet | Piles à combustible - Manuels d'enseignement supérieur Yakıt pilleri - Metinler Fuel cells Textbooks Brennstoffzelle Lehrbuch |
url | http://www3.ub.tu-berlin.de/ihv/001759920.pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014283444&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT ohayreryanp fuelcellfundamentals |
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