Stenjevec: starohrvatsko groblje
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | Croatian |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Zagreb
Arheološki Muzej
2004
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache |
| Beschreibung: | 63 S. zahlr. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 9536789094 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 650 | 7 | |a Begraafplaatsen |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Opgravingen |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Ringen (sieraden) |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Ausgrabung | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Gräberfeld |0 (DE-588)4071980-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Schmuck |0 (DE-588)4052945-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Funde |0 (DE-588)4071507-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804134163599589376 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | PREDGOVOR
.............................................7
UVOD
....................................................11
PREGLED ARHEOLOŠKIH ISTRAŽIVANJA
...........................13
KATALOG
..............................................21
ZNAČAJKE GROBUA
.........................................51
SUMMARY
.............................................57
BIUESKE
...............................................62
The remains of a medieval cemetery were discovered during test excavations carried
out by the Roman Department of the Archaeological Museum in Zagreb (further
AMZ) in the parish hall orchard in Stenjevec in
1981
and
1982.
Excavation of this
cemetery was taken over by the Medieval Department of the AMZ, which began in
1983
and continued, with interruptions, to
1997.
A surface area of
479
m2 was
excavated in total, and
193
graves were discovered. Excavation was performed in a
trench system, as it was necessary to adapt to the situation on the terrain, where
excavated areas could only be placed between the planted fruit trees. Hence it was
not possible to investigate the entire cemetery, and particularly not the part of the
cemetery that extends into the area of the »park«. Knowledge about this exceptio¬
nal early Croatian cemetery in the immediate vicinity of Zagreb has thus remained
somewhat incomplete. This was an early medieval cemetery with graves in rows,
where burial took place throughout a long period. The deceased were buried in ear¬
then grave pits without any grave construction and without a coffin (only in two ca¬
ses were remains of wood-plans preserved, found below the deceased: graves
124
and
187;
fig.
4).
Quite often the deceased were surrounded by individual stones (by
the feet and head) or a row of stones, sometimes almost around the entire decea¬
sed, and seemingly this enclosure was not by chance. The graves were oriented E-W
with the head on the west, but deviations from this rule exist. The deceased were
placed on their backs and their arms were mostly extended along the body. In ter¬
ms of other arm positions, they could be bent at the elbows and placed on the pel¬
vis: both arms (gr.
83, 86,108,117, 152,170,
and
193)
or with just one arm acro¬
ss the abdomen (right: gr.
140, 147,
and
161;
left: gr.
82, 88, 96, 112,
and
125).
The legs were most often straight, and were rarely bent at the knees and placed to
the left (gr.
83
and
92)
or the right (gr.
138).
Only in male grave
69,
which contai¬
ned merely a Friesach penny, the legs were contracted at the knees and protruded
upwards (fig.
7).
Since this was a Christian population, there were no true grave goods. The graves
merely contained various forms of jewellery. This usually consisted of varied jewelle¬
ry for the head, meaning hair decorations that could be wound into hair or braids
in various manners or elements of hair coverings. All of this varied jewellery was pa¬
rt of female attire. The grave finds consist of standard forms of jewellery from
Bije¬
lo Brdo
cemeteries, but the entire varied jewellery inventory of the
Bijelo Brdo
Cul¬
ture was not represented. Various kinds of temple-rings were the most highly rep¬
resented jewellery form, from the simplest types to exceptionally luxurious forms,
followed by a much more modest number of rings.
The simplest circlets of ordinary bent wire, of large and small dimensions, were
mainly of bronze and mostly with a circular section. A large number of variants we-
re found in terms of the ends, which were either cut straight or ended in a point
(graves:
23, 24, 45, 78, 89, 138, 155).
Simple circlets with an
»Ѕл
-shaped
end of varied dimensions and of different metals
were the most numerous form of jewellery at the cemetery. They ranged from very ti¬
ny, through medium examples, to very large ones: of bronze, iron, and silver, with va¬
rious types represented (I, II, II
5/6).
They were undoubtedly hair decorations, or part
of the head attire of women and girls. The popularity of the »S« ending was so great
that it even appeared on those types of temple-rings where it would otherwise not
be expected, such as on exceptionally luxurious silver temple
-
rings of the Volin type
17a (gr.
106;
Cat.
25)
or on similarly silver filigree technique three beaded temple rin¬
gs of the Stenjevec type (gr.
96,
Cat.
22).
Grave
106
contained, in addition to six
examples of exceptionally luxurious temple
-
rings of type 17a, two massive »S« cir¬
clets of medium size and a solid silver ring with separate and tapered terminals of
type
31
dit,
all of exceptionally high quality silver and all very well preserved.
The variant of »S« circlets with a decorative bead on the wire was represented in three
graves
(38,113,190),
all of large dimensions, and made of silver
(2)
or iron
(1 ).
Raceme cast temple
-
rings of type 17b are also numerous, and are also made of
silver, bronze, or a combination of bronze and billon (silver alloyed with copper). The
latter type are particularly interesting as the raceme pendent of billon was cast later
onto the bronze circlet, and the combination of the two colors created an effective
impression. Two variants were noted at Stenjevec of this type of temple
-
ring, as if
they had been made from two different molds, such as in grave
97
(Cat.
23) -
nine
examples of a better variant, and in grave
193
(Cat.
44) -
ten examples of a less we¬
ll
-
made variant.
A further type of jewellery, represented in a much more modest number (a total of
thirteen), was rings. A unique find was the ring of turquoise glass paste from grave
89,
normal in terms of shape but exceptional because of the material from which it
was made. (Cat.
21, 11).
Other rings include ordinary types from various metals:
iron, bronze, and silver, usually with a »D« shaped profile, but one with a circular
section, then massive rings with separated and tapered ends mainly made of silver
(Cat.
25, 9
and Cat.
41, 6),
as well as rings of hammered silver and bronze sheet
-
metal with a decoration of stamped triangles (Cat.
29,11
and Cat,
13, 2),
a massive
cast ring of billon that imitates spiral twisting from grave
161
(Cat.
37, 5),
and a ri¬
ng with two rows of stamped decoration from grave
173
(Cat.
39, 12).
All the rin¬
gs were found in female graves, with a single example in each grave, with the exce¬
ption of grave
173,
where two rings were discovered.
Knives were exceptionally rare at the cemetery at Stenjevec, only one small knife was
found in female grave
74
(Cat.
15, 7)
and one was found outside of a grave, but it
had most probably also originally been in a grave.
Finally, the only grave good in male grave
69
was a Friesacher penny, from the mi¬
nt of Friesach, the Eriacensis series in the period of Adalbert II of Bohemia, the Ar¬
chbishop of Salzburg
(1170-1200).
This isolated coin find at the same time repre¬
sents the upper limit of burial at the cemetery in Stenjevac.
According to the noted characteristics of the cemetery and analysis of the objects
discovered in the graves, it was possible to define the chronological framework du¬
ring which burial took place at this cemetery. This was a Christian population wit¬
hout grave goods, and all that were found in the graves were various types of jewel¬
lery forms that were a composite part of female attire. It can be concluded that a
Croatian population was buried in this cemetery, who lived in the immediate vicini¬
ty of Zagreb, where a diocese was established in
1094.
It cannot be reliably established when burial began at the Stenjevec cemetery, but it
certainly continued throughout the
1
1th and 12th centuries, and perhaps also so¬
mewhat into the
1
3th century.
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| genre_facet | Ausstellungskatalog 2004 Zagreb |
| geographic | Zagreb-Stenjevec (DE-588)4304846-8 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Zagreb-Stenjevec |
| id | DE-604.BV020831704 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T20:20:15Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9536789094 |
| language | Croatian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-013836900 |
| oclc_num | 71693777 |
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| owner_facet | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-M157 DE-12 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR |
| physical | 63 S. zahlr. Ill. |
| publishDate | 2004 |
| publishDateSearch | 2004 |
| publishDateSort | 2004 |
| publisher | Arheološki Muzej |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Stenjevec starohrvatsko groblje [autor izložbe i teksta u katalogu:] Katica Simoni Zagreb Arheološki Muzej 2004 63 S. zahlr. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zsfassung in engl. Sprache Begraafplaatsen gtt Opgravingen gtt Ringen (sieraden) gtt Ausgrabung Gräberfeld (DE-588)4071980-7 gnd rswk-swf Schmuck (DE-588)4052945-9 gnd rswk-swf Funde (DE-588)4071507-3 gnd rswk-swf Zagreb-Stenjevec (DE-588)4304846-8 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4135467-9 Ausstellungskatalog 2004 Zagreb gnd-content Zagreb-Stenjevec (DE-588)4304846-8 g Gräberfeld (DE-588)4071980-7 s Schmuck (DE-588)4052945-9 s Funde (DE-588)4071507-3 s DE-604 Simoni, Katica Sonstige oth Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=013836900&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=013836900&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Stenjevec starohrvatsko groblje Begraafplaatsen gtt Opgravingen gtt Ringen (sieraden) gtt Ausgrabung Gräberfeld (DE-588)4071980-7 gnd Schmuck (DE-588)4052945-9 gnd Funde (DE-588)4071507-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4071980-7 (DE-588)4052945-9 (DE-588)4071507-3 (DE-588)4304846-8 (DE-588)4135467-9 |
| title | Stenjevec starohrvatsko groblje |
| title_auth | Stenjevec starohrvatsko groblje |
| title_exact_search | Stenjevec starohrvatsko groblje |
| title_full | Stenjevec starohrvatsko groblje [autor izložbe i teksta u katalogu:] Katica Simoni |
| title_fullStr | Stenjevec starohrvatsko groblje [autor izložbe i teksta u katalogu:] Katica Simoni |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stenjevec starohrvatsko groblje [autor izložbe i teksta u katalogu:] Katica Simoni |
| title_short | Stenjevec |
| title_sort | stenjevec starohrvatsko groblje |
| title_sub | starohrvatsko groblje |
| topic | Begraafplaatsen gtt Opgravingen gtt Ringen (sieraden) gtt Ausgrabung Gräberfeld (DE-588)4071980-7 gnd Schmuck (DE-588)4052945-9 gnd Funde (DE-588)4071507-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Begraafplaatsen Opgravingen Ringen (sieraden) Ausgrabung Gräberfeld Schmuck Funde Zagreb-Stenjevec Ausstellungskatalog 2004 Zagreb |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=013836900&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=013836900&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT simonikatica stenjevecstarohrvatskogroblje |