Severe pneumonia:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Boca Raton, Fla.
Taylor & Francis
2005
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Lung biology in health and disease
206 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 422 S. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 0824726278 |
Internformat
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| 264 | 1 | |a Boca Raton, Fla. |b Taylor & Francis |c 2005 | |
| 300 | |a XV, 422 S. |b Ill. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 490 | 1 | |a Lung biology in health and disease |v 206 | |
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Pneumonie |2 ram | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Pneumonia |x Prognosis | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Pneumonia, Bacterial | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Cross Infection |x etiology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Intensive Care | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Ventilators, Mechanical |x adverse effects | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804133625665421312 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Introduction Claude Lenfant Hi
Preface v
Contributors vii
1. Severe Pneumonia: Definition of Severity /
Santiago Ewig
Introduction .... 1
Role of Severity Assessment of CAP .... 2
Nosocomial Pneumonia .... 18
References .... 20
2. Why Do Some Patients Get Severe Pneumonia? 25
Grant W. Waterer and Richard G. Wunderink
Introduction .... 25
Pathogen Virulence .... 26
Comorbid Illnesses .... 27
Genetic Factors .... 29
Conclusion .... 32
References .... 33
3. What Is the Role of Mechanical Ventilation in Pneumonia
Pathogenesis and How Can Noninvasive Ventilation
Be Used to Prevent Nosocomial Pneumonia 39
Massimo Antonelli and Giorgio Conti
Introduction .... 39
x
xii Contents
Does Noninvasive Ventilation Prevent Pneumonia in Patients
with Acute Respiratory Failure? .... 43
Conclusions .... 53
References .... 53
4. Community Acquired Pneumonia: Defining the Patient at Risk
of Severe Illness and the Role of Mortality Prediction Models
in Patient Management 59
Mark Woodhead
Introduction .... 59
Why Might We Need Severity Assessment? .... 60
Some Basic Principles .... 61
Denning the Patient at Risk: Presentation to Hospital .... 62
Denning the Patient at Risk:
Presentation to the ICU .... 68
Denning the Patient at Risk: Presenting in the
Community .... 69
Does Severity Assessment Alter Outcome? .... 70
How to Use Severity Prediction Rules in Practice .... 73
Conclusions .... 74
References .... 74
5. The Bacteriology of Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia
and the Choice of Appropriate Empiric Therapy 81
Mauricio Valencia, Manuela Cavalcanti, and Antoni Torres
Introduction .... 81
Etiology of Severe CAP .... 82
Specific Risk Groups .... 87
Treatment of Severe CAP .... 91
Conclusion .... 100
References .... 100
6. Risk Factors for Ventilator Associated Pneumonia: A Complex
and Dynamic Problem 109
Donald E. Craven, Catherine A. Fleming, Jordi Roig,
and Francesco G. De Rosa
Introduction .... 110
Epidemiology .... 110
Pathogenesis .... 112
Etiologic Agents .... 114
Contents xiii
Diagnosis of VAP .... 114
Risk Factors and Prophylaxis .... 115
Risk Factors Are Dynamic .... 126
Summary .... 128
References .... 129
7. Attributable Mortality and Mortality Predictors in Ventilator
Associated Pneumonia 137
Jean Yves Fagon and Jean Chastre
Attributable Mortality .... 138
Mortality Predictors in VAP Patients .... 143
References .... 149
8. The Clinical Diagnosis of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia 155
Michael S. Niederman
What Is the Clinical Approach to Empiric Therapy of VAP,
and Is It Accurate? .... 157
Problems with Quantitative Cultures and Their Use for the
Management of Suspected VAP .... 163
Can a Bacteriologic Approach Impact
Mortality in VAP? .... 165
What Are the Existing Benefits to Invasive Diagnostic
Methods? .... 167
References .... 168
9. Establishing the Diagnosis of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia:
An Invasive/Microbiologic Approach Compared to a Clinical
Approach 171
Jean Chastre and Jean Yves Fagon
Procedure .... 174
Complications .... 175
Specimen Types and Laboratory Methods .... 176
Usefulness of PSB and BAL Techniques .... 178
Patients Already Receiving Antimicrobial Therapy .... 179
Potential Drawbacks of Bronchoscopic Techniques .... 180
Argument for Bronchoscopy in the
Diagnosis of VAP .... 182
Conclusion .... 185
Key Points .... 186
References .... 186
xiv Contents
10. Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Resistance in the
Intensive Care Unit 191
Jan E. Patterson, Nina M. Clark, John P. Quinn,
and Joseph P. Lynch III
Introduction .... 191
Enterobacteriaceae .... 193
Pseudomonas aeruginosa .... 201
Acinetobacter spp 207
Burkholderia cepacia Complex .... 209
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia .... 213
Gram Positive Cocci .... 214
Prevention of Resistance (All Pathogens) .... 233
References .... 234
11. What Are the Optimal Regimens for Adequate Empiric Therapy
of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia and How Can De Escalation
Therapy Be Achieved? 275
George H. Karam
Appropriateness of Empiric Antibiotic Therapy .... 276
Pathogens in VAP .... 277
Staphylococcus aureus .... 277
Gram Negative Bacteria .... 286
Anaerobes .... 298
How De Escalation Can Be Achieved .... 300
Conclusion .... 310
References .... 311
12. What Is the Role of Microbiological Surveillance in the
Management of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia? 323
Dolors Mariscal and Jordi Rello
Introduction .... 323
Basic Approaches to Surveillance .... 326
Microbiological Considerations .... 328
Cost Effectiveness .... 330
Summary .... 331
References .... 332
13. Antibiotic Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics:
How Can They Be Used to Optimize Therapy
in Ventilator Associated Pneumonia? 337
Sungmin Kiem and Jerome J. Schentag
Introduction .... 337
Contents xv
Limitations of Traditional Susceptibility
Breakpoints .... 338
Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics
of Antibiotics .... 339
Application of Antibiotic PK/PD in the Treatment
of Nosocomial Pneumonia .... 347
Conclusion .... 354
References .... 355
14. Prevention of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia 367
Marc J. M. Bonten and Robert A. Weinstein
Introduction .... 367
Guidelines and Systematic Reviews .... 368
Prevention of Colonization .... 368
Prevention of Aspiration .... 376
Conclusions .... 377
References .... 377
15. Pulmonary Host Defense: Basic Mechanisms and Strategies
for Immunomodulation 383
Lee J. Quinton, Kyle I. Happel, Lisa Gamble and Steve Nelson
Anatomic Barriers and Innate Defenses .... 384
Pathogen Recognition: The Gatekeeper of
Host Defense .... 385
Pulmonary Neutrophil Recruitment and the
Inflammatory Cascade .... 387
Pulmonary G CSF and the Maintenance of
Neutrophil Homeostasis .... 393
Innate Immunity and the Acquired
Immune Response .... 397
Regulation of the Pulmonary Host Response .... 399
Conclusion .... 401
References .... 401
Index 413
li
l!
s
j
i
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| spelling | Severe pneumonia ed. by Michael Niederman Boca Raton, Fla. Taylor & Francis 2005 XV, 422 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Lung biology in health and disease 206 Includes bibliographical references and index Pneumonie ram Pneumonia Prognosis Pneumonia, Bacterial Cross Infection etiology Intensive Care Ventilators, Mechanical adverse effects Komplikation (DE-588)4123547-2 gnd rswk-swf Hospitalismus Hygiene (DE-588)4113962-8 gnd rswk-swf Künstliche Beatmung (DE-588)4033439-9 gnd rswk-swf Lungenentzündung (DE-588)4036659-5 gnd rswk-swf Intensivtherapie (DE-588)4027258-8 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Lungenentzündung (DE-588)4036659-5 s Intensivtherapie (DE-588)4027258-8 s DE-604 Künstliche Beatmung (DE-588)4033439-9 s Komplikation (DE-588)4123547-2 s Hospitalismus Hygiene (DE-588)4113962-8 s b DE-604 Niederman, Michael S. 1953- Sonstige (DE-588)154542083 oth Lung biology in health and disease 206 (DE-604)BV000008326 206 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=013370605&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Severe pneumonia Lung biology in health and disease Pneumonie ram Pneumonia Prognosis Pneumonia, Bacterial Cross Infection etiology Intensive Care Ventilators, Mechanical adverse effects Komplikation (DE-588)4123547-2 gnd Hospitalismus Hygiene (DE-588)4113962-8 gnd Künstliche Beatmung (DE-588)4033439-9 gnd Lungenentzündung (DE-588)4036659-5 gnd Intensivtherapie (DE-588)4027258-8 gnd |
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| title | Severe pneumonia |
| title_auth | Severe pneumonia |
| title_exact_search | Severe pneumonia |
| title_full | Severe pneumonia ed. by Michael Niederman |
| title_fullStr | Severe pneumonia ed. by Michael Niederman |
| title_full_unstemmed | Severe pneumonia ed. by Michael Niederman |
| title_short | Severe pneumonia |
| title_sort | severe pneumonia |
| topic | Pneumonie ram Pneumonia Prognosis Pneumonia, Bacterial Cross Infection etiology Intensive Care Ventilators, Mechanical adverse effects Komplikation (DE-588)4123547-2 gnd Hospitalismus Hygiene (DE-588)4113962-8 gnd Künstliche Beatmung (DE-588)4033439-9 gnd Lungenentzündung (DE-588)4036659-5 gnd Intensivtherapie (DE-588)4027258-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Pneumonie Pneumonia Prognosis Pneumonia, Bacterial Cross Infection etiology Intensive Care Ventilators, Mechanical adverse effects Komplikation Hospitalismus Hygiene Künstliche Beatmung Lungenentzündung Intensivtherapie Aufsatzsammlung |
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