Desert meteorology:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge
Cambridge University Press
2004
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references (p. 549-586) and index |
| Beschreibung: | XVI, 595 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. 26 cm |
| ISBN: | 0521817986 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Desert meteorology |c Thomas T. Warner |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Desert meteorology
Autor: Warner, Thomas T.
Jahr: 2004
Preface page xiv
Acknowledgements xvi
1 Introduction I
2 The atmospheric dynamics of deserts 7
Some basic concepts of atmospheric structure and dynamics 8
Definition of desert 21
Climatological causes of aridity 27
Dynamic feedback mechanisms that may cause and sustain deserts 53
The dynamics of desert heat lows 58
Suggested general references for further reading 60
Questions for review 61
Problems and exercises 61
3 The climates of the world deserts 63
General meteorological characteristics of deserts 68
General physiographic characteristics of deserts 75
General vegetative characteristics of deserts 77
African deserts 79
North American deserts 104
South American deserts 115
Australian deserts 126
Asian deserts 130
European arid areas ] 49
Ocean deserts ] 50
Suggested general references for further reading 151
Questions for review 157
Problems and exercises 157
Contents
4 Atmospheric and surface energy budgets of deserts 159
Components of the atmospheric and surface energy budgets 160
Atmospheric and surface energy budgets of deserts 176
Suggested general references for further reading 186
Questions for review 186
Problems and exercises 187
5 Surface physics of the unvegetated sandy
desert landscape 189
Introduction to the concepts of land-surface physics 190
Land-surface physics of unvegetated sandy desert 205
Suggested general references for further reading 217
Questions for review 218
Problems and exercises 218
6 Vegetation effects on desert surface physics 219
The effects of vegetation on the desert surface energy budget 224
The effects of vegetation on the desert surface water budget 231
The effects of vegetation on desert winds near the surface 238
Suggested general references for further reading 243
Questions for review 243
Problems and exercises 243
7 Substrate effects on desert surface physics 245
Types of desert substrate 247
Effects of desert substrate types on the surface energy budget 256
Effects of desert substrate types on the surface water budget 259
Suggested general references for further reading 263
Questions for review 264
Problems and exercises 264
8 Desert-surface physical properties 265
Albedo 266
Thermal properties 266
Aerodynamic roughness 266
Emissivity 269
Hydraulic properties 270
Suggested general references for further reading 270
Questions for review 270
Problems and exercises 270
9 Numerical modeling of desert atmospheres 271
General concept of numerical weather prediction 272
Some examples of atmospheric model applications in arid areas 273
Suggested general references for further reading 289
Contents xi
Questions for review 289
Problems and exercises 290
10 Desert boundary layers 291
Basic concepts of boundary-lay er structure 291
Unique aspects of desert boundary layers 297
Suggested general references for further reading 301
Questions for review 301
Problems and exercises 301
I I Desert microclimates 303
Causes of intra-desert microclimates 304
Examples of intra-desert microclimate variability 308
Suggested general references for further reading 325
Questions for review 325
Problems and exercises 325
12 Dynamic interactions among desert microclimates 327
Thermally forced wind circulations in desert environments 328
Oasis effects 344
Suggested general references for further reading 346
Questions for review 346
Problems and exercises 346
13 Desert rainfall 347
Statistical characterization of desert rainfall 353
Causes of desert rainfall, and its modulation 372
Artificial rainfall enhancement in arid areas 378
Dew and fog deposition in the desert 379
Suggested general references for further reading 382
Questions for review 382
Problems and exercises 382
14 Anthropogenic effects on the desert atmosphere 383
Irrigation 385
Water-table deepening 387
Grazing and overgrazing 388
Introduction of non-native vegetation 390
Dryland agriculture 390
Urbanization 391
Off-road vehicle use 391
Deforestation 392
Suggested general references for further reading 393
Questions for review 393
Problems and exercises 393
Contents
15 Changes in desert climate 395
Time scales of climate and aridity change 396
A summary of recent climate periods 397
Methods of estimating climate change in arid regions 398
Examples of changes in desert climate during the Late Pleistocene
andHolocene 401
Manifestations and causes of climate change in deserts 403
Suggested general references for further reading 416
Questions for review 417
Problems and exercises 417
16 Severe weather in the desert 419
Dust storms and sand storms 420
Rainstorms, floods, and debris flows 439
Suggested general references for further reading 443
Questions for review 443
Problems and exercises 444
17 Effects of deserts on the global environment and
other regional environments 445
Global and regional transport of desert dust: background 446
Global climate effects of desert dust 451
Regional and global human-health effects of desert dust 452
Distant ecological effects of desert dust 453
Dynamic effects of deserts on meteorological processes
in other regions 453
Suggested general references for further reading 454
Questions for review 455
Problems and exercises 455
18 Desertification 457
What is desertification? 459
The extent of desertification 462
Anthropogenic contributions to desertification 466
Natural contributions to desertification 476
Additional selected case studies and examples of desertification 476
Physical-process feedbacks that may affect desertification 483
Satellite-based methods for detecting and mapping desertification 486
Suggested general references for further reading 488
Questions for review 489
Problems and exercises 489
19 Biometeorology of humans in desert environments 491
The heat balance of the human body in the desert 492
The process of maintaining the heat and water balance 499
Contents xiii
Acclimatization to the desert environment 503
Economizing water and reducing the heat load 507
Physical effects of heat stress and dehydration 511
Physical effects of desert mineral dust 515
Psychological effects of deserts 516
Measures of heat stress 517
Electrostatic effects 517
Suggested general references for further reading 517
Questions for review 518
Problems and exercises 518
20 Optical properties of desert atmospheres 519
Mirages 520
Effects of atmospheric dust 521
Scintillation 525
Suggested general references for further reading 526
Questions for review 526
Problems and exercises 526
Appendix A Glossary of meteorological and land-surface terms 527
Appendix  Abbreviations 535
Appendix C Units, numerical constants, and conversion factors 536
Appendix D Symbols 538
Appendix E Maps of the world 541
Hints to solving some problems and exercises 547
References 549
Index 587
Colour plates between pp. 157 and 158
|
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| spelling | Warner, Thomas T. 1943-2011 Verfasser (DE-588)1011425203 aut Desert meteorology Thomas T. Warner 1. publ. Cambridge Cambridge University Press 2004 XVI, 595 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. 26 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references (p. 549-586) and index Climat aride Wüste (DE-588)4067043-0 gnd rswk-swf Meteorologie (DE-588)4038953-4 gnd rswk-swf Trockengebiet (DE-588)4060958-3 gnd rswk-swf Klimatologie (DE-588)4031178-8 gnd rswk-swf aArid regions climate Wüste (DE-588)4067043-0 s Meteorologie (DE-588)4038953-4 s DE-604 Klimatologie (DE-588)4031178-8 s Trockengebiet (DE-588)4060958-3 s HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=012858267&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Warner, Thomas T. 1943-2011 Desert meteorology Climat aride Wüste (DE-588)4067043-0 gnd Meteorologie (DE-588)4038953-4 gnd Trockengebiet (DE-588)4060958-3 gnd Klimatologie (DE-588)4031178-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4067043-0 (DE-588)4038953-4 (DE-588)4060958-3 (DE-588)4031178-8 |
| title | Desert meteorology |
| title_auth | Desert meteorology |
| title_exact_search | Desert meteorology |
| title_full | Desert meteorology Thomas T. Warner |
| title_fullStr | Desert meteorology Thomas T. Warner |
| title_full_unstemmed | Desert meteorology Thomas T. Warner |
| title_short | Desert meteorology |
| title_sort | desert meteorology |
| topic | Climat aride Wüste (DE-588)4067043-0 gnd Meteorologie (DE-588)4038953-4 gnd Trockengebiet (DE-588)4060958-3 gnd Klimatologie (DE-588)4031178-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Climat aride Wüste Meteorologie Trockengebiet Klimatologie aArid regions climate |
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