Pragmatics: a multidisciplinary perspective
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Edinburgh
Edinburgh Univ. Press
2005
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | X, 336 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0748616829 0748616810 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804132783763750912 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
List of Figures and Tables
ix
Acknowledgements
xi
Preface
xii
1
The Multidisciplinary Nature of Pragmatics
1
1.1
Pragmatics and its Academic Neighbours
1
1.2
Pragmatics: A Standard Definition
2
1.2.1
Information
2
1.2.2
Encoding
3
1.2.3
Convention
3
1.2.4
Context
4
1.2.5
Use
5
1.3
Pragmatic Concepts and Theories
6
1.3.1
Speech act theory
6
1.3.2
Implicature theory
9
1.3.3
Relevance theory
17
1.3.4
Deixis
22
1.3.4.1
Person and social deixis
22
1.3.4.2
Time deixis
24
1.3.4.3
Place deixis
26
1.3.4.4
Discourse deixis
28
1.3.5
Presupposition
29
Notes
35
2
Theories of Meaning
39
2.1
Approaches to the Study of Meaning
39
2.2
Meaning: A Three-part Approach
40
2.3
A Referential Approach to Meaning
44
2.3.1
Philosophical foundations: Tarski and Davidson
44
2.3.2
Truth-conditional semantics
46
VI PRAGMATICS
2.3.3
Referential meaning and other disciplines
51
2.4
A Psychologistic Approach to Meaning
53
2.4.1
The necessity of psychologistic meaning:
Chomsky and
Fodor
53
2.4.2
Pragmatics, the language of thought and related notions
58
2.4.3
Other disciplines, the language of thought
and related notions
60
2.5
A Social Approach to Meaning
66
2.5.1
Discourse analysis and conversation analysis
67
Notes
69
3
Inferences
75
3.1
Pragmatics and Inference
75
3.2
Deductive Inferences
76
3.2.1
Three types of syllogism
76
3.2.2
Deductive inferences and semantic meaning
80
3.2.3
Deduction, reasoning and utterance interpretation
84
3.3
Elaborative Inferences
91
3.3.1
The psychology of elaborative inferences
91
3.3.2
Elaborative inferences, knowledge and
AI
98
3.3.3
Elaborative inferences and pragmatics
101
3.4
Conversational Inferences
106
3.4.1
Grice on deriving
implic
atures
106
3.4.2
Recovering implicatures: The views of other theorists
107
3.4.3
Psychology and conversational inferences
110
Notes 111
4
Relevance Theory
113
4.1
Overview
113
4.2
Relevance and Communication
113
4.3
Relevance and Cognition
116
4.4
A Philosophical Criticism of Relevance Theory
118
4.4.1
Logical positivism: Some background
118
4.4.2
Putnam on positivism
119
4.4.3
The scientific reductionism of relevance theory
121
4.4.3.1
Challenging reductionism
1:
Elimination rules
122
4.4.3.2
Challenging reductionism
2:
Deduction and comprehension
125
4.4.3.3
Challenging reductionism
3:
Functional confirmation
130
4.5
Conclusion
134
Notes
134
CONTENTS
VII
5
Pragmatics and Mind
137
5.1
The Need for a Pragmatic Study of Mind
137
5.2
Language and Mind: Some Historical Antecedents
138
5.3
The Modularity of Mind Thesis
140
5.3.1
Representation
140
5.3.2
Computation
140
5.3.3
Organisation
141
5.4
Pragmatics and Modularity
143
5.4.1
Kasher on the modularity of pragmatics
144
5.4.1.1
Pragmatic module
145
5.4.1.2
Pragmatic central system
147
5.4.1.3
Pragmatic interface
150
5.4.2
Wilson and
Sperber
on the modularity of pragmatics
153
5.5
If not Modularity, then What?
157
Notes
161
6
Argumentation and Fallacies of Reasoning
163
6.1
Pragmatics and Argument
163
6.2
What is an Argument? A Fallacy?
164
6.3
Six Theoretical Frameworks
166
6.4
A Pragmatic Turn in the Study of Argument
173
6.5
Pragma-Dialectics:
An Advance in the Study of Argumentation?
175
6.6
Methodology: Reconstruction and Evaluation
178
6.6.1
Reconstruction
179
6.6.2
Evaluation
185
Notes
188
7 Habermas
and Pragmatics
195
7.1
Why Study
Habermas? 195
7.2
Expanding Reason:
Habermas
on Positivism
196
7.3 Habermas
on Language
199
7.4
Criticising
Habermas:
A Putnamian Challenge
206
7.5
Conclusion
211
Notes
211
8
Artificial Intelligence and Pragmatics
213
8.1
Why Study Artificial Intelligence?
213
8.2
Pragmatics: Implications for
AI 214
8.3
AI on
Pragmatics
220
8.3.1
Syntactic and semantic representations
220
8.3.2
Knowledge representation
228
VIII
PRAGMATICS
8.3.3
Reasoning
240
8.3.4
Rationality principles
243
8.4
Is
AI
possible?
245
Notes
248
9
Language Pathology and Pragmatics
253
9.1
When Pragmatics goes Wrong
253
9.2
Problems of Definition
254
9.2.1
Speech acts
254
9.2.2
Context
255
9.2.3
Listener knowledge
256
9.2.4
Conversational maxims and implicature
256
9.2.5
Inferences
257
9.2.6
Knowledge
258
9.2.7
Non-literal meaning
259
9.2.8
Deixis
260
9.2.9
Conversation analysis and discourse analysis
260
9.3
Pragmatic Disorders
261
9.3.1
Developmental language disorder
261
9.3.2
Autism
269
9.3.3
Learning disability
275
9.3.4
Left-hemisphere damage
280
9.3.5
Right-hemisphere damage
284
9.3.6
Closed-head injury
287
9.3.7
Alzheimer s disease
291
9.3.8
Schizophrenia
293
9.4
What can we Learn from Pragmatic Disorders?
296
Notes
298
10
Beyond Disciplines
307
10.1
Multidisciplinary Pragmatics
307
10.2
The Relationship of Other Disciplines to Pragmatics
307
10.2.1
Philosophy
308
10.2.2
Psychology
308
10.2.3
Artificial intelligence
309
10.2.4
Language pathology
310
10.3
The Relationship of Pragmatics to Other Disciplines
311
10,4
New Topics and Disciplines
312
Notes
313
Bibliography
315
Index
329
Pragmatics
^A MULTIDISCIPLINARY
PERSPECTIVE
Louise Cummings
The first truly multidisciplinary text of its kind, this book offers an original analysis
of the current state of linguistic pragmatics. Louise Cummings argues that no study
of pragmatics can reasonably neglect the historical and contemporary influences
on this discipline of neighbouring fields of enquiry, particularly philosophy,
psychology, artificial intelligence and language pathology. By the same token these
fields can begin to address their own questions more productively by examining
the insights of pragmatics. The book s range of topics and depth of analysis will be
of interest to students and specialised readers in linguistics, communication studies,
speech and language therapy and cognitive science. Topics include:
•
Coverage of pragmatic concepts and theories
•
Criticisms of
Sperber
and Wilson s relevance theory, Habermas s theory of
communicative competence and Kasher s views on the modularity of pragmatics
•
Pragmatic deficits in a range of child and adult language disorders
•
A pragmatic analysis of argumentation in topical issues such as AIDS and BSE
•
Theories of meaning, inferences, pragmatics and
Al.
Louise Cummings is a Senior Lecturer in Linguistics at Nottingham Trent University.
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| title | Pragmatics a multidisciplinary perspective |
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| title_full | Pragmatics a multidisciplinary perspective Louise Cummings |
| title_fullStr | Pragmatics a multidisciplinary perspective Louise Cummings |
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