Laser fundamentals:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge [u.a.]
Cambridge Univ. Press
2004
|
| Ausgabe: | 2. ed., 1. publ. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XXIV, 642 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0521833450 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Silfvast, William Thomas |d 1937- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)141002182 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Laser fundamentals |c William T. Silfvast |
| 250 | |a 2. ed., 1. publ. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Cambridge [u.a.] |b Cambridge Univ. Press |c 2004 | |
| 300 | |a XXIV, 642 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Laser |2 larpcal | |
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| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-012803635 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804132762232291328 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Preface
Preface to the First Edition
Acknowledgments
1
OVERVIEW |
Introduction
Definition of the Laser
Simplicity of a Laser
Unique Properties of a Laser
The Laser Spectrum and Wavelengths
A Brief History of the Laser
Overview of the Book
SECTION
2
WITH MATERIALS
OVERVIEW
2.1
2.2
Maxwell s Wave Equations for a Vacuum
Solution of the General Wave Equation
Electromagnetic Radiation
Wave Velocity
Generalized Solution of the Wave Equation
Transverse Electromagnetic Waves and Polarized Light
Flow of Electromagnetic Energy
Radiation from a Point Source (Electric
2.3
Speed of Light in a Medium
Maxwell s Equations in a Medium
Application of Maxwell s Equations to Dielectric Materials
Laser Gain Media
Complex Index of Refraction
Absorption and Dispersion
VII
VIII
CONTENTS
Estimating Particle Densities of Materials for Use in the
Dispersion Equations
2.4
Temporal Coherence
Spatial Coherence
REFERENCES
PROBLEMS
SECTION
3
OVERVIEW
3.1
Historical Development of the Concept of Discrete Energy Levels
Energy Levels of the Hydrogen Atom
Frequency and Wavelength of Emission Lines
Ionization Energies and Energy Levels of Ions
Photons
3.2
Wave Nature of Particles
Heisenberg
Wave Theory
Wave Functions
Quantum States
The
Energy and Wave Function for the Ground State of the
Hydrogen Atom
Excited States of Hydrogen
Allowed Quantum Numbers for Hydrogen Atom Wave Functions
3.3
Orbital Angular Momentum
Spin Angular Momentum
Total Angular Momentum
3.4
Fine Structure of Spectral Lines
Pauli
3.5
Quantum Conditions Associated with Multiple Electrons Attached
to Nuclei
Shorthand Notation for Electronic Configurations of Atoms Having
More Than One Electron
3.6
Energy-Level Designation for Multi-Electron States
Russell-Saunders or
Energy Levels Associated with Two Electrons in Unfilled Shells
Rules for Obtaining
Degeneracy and Statistical Weights
j-j Coupling
Isoelectronic Scaling
CONTENTS ix
REFERENCES
PROBLEMS 86
4
OVERVIEW
4.1
Radiative Decay of Excited States of Isolated Atoms
Spontaneous Emission
Spontaneous Emission Decay Rate
Probability
Lifetime of a Radiating Electron
Radiating Harmonic Oscillator
Nonradiative Decay of the Excited States
4.2
Classical Emission Linewidth of a Radiating Electron
Natural Emission Linewidth as Deduced by Quantum Mechanics
(Minimum Linewidth)
4.3
Broadening Due to Nonradiative (Collisional) Decay
Broadening Due to Dephasing Collisions
Amorphous Crystal Broadening
Doppler
Voigt
Broadening in Gases Due to Isotope Shifts
Comparison of Various Types of Emission Broadening
4.4
Electric
Electric
Electric
Oscillator Strength
Selection Rules for Electric
with a Single Electron in an Unfilled Subshell
Selection Rules for Radiative Transitions Involving Atoms with
More Than One Electron in an Unfilled Subshell
Parity Selection Rule
Inefficient Radiative Transitions
Higher-Order Transitions
REFERENCES
PROBLEMS
5
LIQUIDS, AND SOLIDS
overview
5.1
Energy Levels of Molecules
Classification of Simple Molecules
Rotational Energy Levels of Linear Molecules
Rotational Energy Levels of Symmetric-Top Molecules
Selection Rules for Rotational Transitions
CONTENTS
Vibrational Energy
Selection Rule for Vibrational Transitions
Rotational-Vibrational Transitions
Probabilities of Rotational and Vibrational Transitions
Electronic Energy Levels of Molecules
Electronic Transitions and Associated Selection Rules of
Molecules
Emission Linewidth of Molecular Transitions
The Franck-Condon Principle
Excimer Energy Levels
5.2
Structure of Dye Molecules
Energy Levels of Dye Molecules
Excitation and Emission of Dye Molecules
Detrimental Triplet States of Dye Molecules
5.3
Host Materials
Laser Species
Narrow-Linewidth Laser Materials
Broadband Tunable Laser Materials
Broadening Mechanism for Solid-State Lasers
5.4
Energy Bands in Crystalline Solids
Energy Levels in Periodic Structures
Energy Levels of Conductors, Insulators, and Semiconductors
Excitation and Decay of Excited Energy Levels
Radiation
Direct and Indirect
Electron Distribution Function and Density of States in
Semiconductors
Intrinsic Semiconductor Materials
Extrinsic Semiconductor Materials
p
Excitation
Heterojunction Semiconductor Materials
Quantum Wells
Variation of
Alloy Composition
Recombination Radiation Transition Probability and Linewidth
REFERENCES
PROBLEMS
6
STIMULATED EMISSION
overview
6.1
Thermal Equilibrium
Thermal Equilibrium via Conduction and Convection
Thermal Equilibrium via Radiation
CONTENTS
6.2
Stefan-Boltzmann Law
Wien
Irradiance and Radiance
6.3
Counting the Number of Cavity Modes
Rayleigh-Jeans Formula
Planck s Law for Cavity Radiation
Relationship between Cavity Radiation and
Radiation
Wavelength Dependence of
6.4
The Principle of Detailed Balance
Absorption and Stimulated Emission Coefficients
REFERENCES
PROBLEMS
SECTION
7
INVERSIONS, GAIN, AND GAIN SATURATION
overview
7.1
Absorption and Gain on a Homogeneously Broadened Radiative
Transition (Lorentzian Frequency Distribution)
Gain Coefficient and Stimulated Emission Cross Section for
Homogeneous Broadening
Absorption and Gain on an Inhomogeneously Broadened Radiative
Transition
Gain Coefficient and Stimulated Emission Cross Section for
Doppler
Statistical Weights and the Gain Equation
Relationship of Gain Coefficient and Stimulated Emission
Cross Section to Absorption Coefficient and Absorption
Cross Section
7.2
7.3
7.4
Growth of Beam for a Gain Medium with Homogeneous
Broadening
Shape or Geometry of Amplifying Medium
Growth of Beam for
7.5
7.6
Laser with No Mirrors
Laser with One Mirror
Laser with Two Mirrors
REFERENCES
PROBLEMS
XII
CONTENTS
8
overview
8.1
Rate Equations of the Laser Levels That Include Stimulated
Emission
Population Densities of Upper and Lower Laser Levels with
Beam Present
Small-Signal Gain Coefficient
Saturation of the Laser Gain above Threshold
8.2
Change from Exponential Growth to Linear Growth
Steady-State Laser Intensity
8.3
Optimum Output Mirror Transmission
Optimum Laser Output Intensity
Estimating Optimum Laser Output Power
8.4
Laser Photons
Decay Time of a Laser Beam within an Optical Cavity
Basic Laser Cavity Rate Equations
Steady-State Solutions below Laser Threshold
Steady-State Operation above Laser Threshold
8.5
Laser Spiking
Relaxation Oscillations
8.6
Basic Amplifier Uses
Propagation of a High-Power, Short-Duration Optical Pulse through
an Amplifier
Saturation Energy Fluence
Amplifying Long Laser Pulses
Amplifying Short Laser Pulses
Comparison of Efficient Laser Amplifiers Based upon Fundamental
Saturation Limits
Mirror Array and Resonator (Regenerative) Amplifiers
REFERENCES
PROBLEMS
9
OVERVIEW
9.1
9.2
9.3
Three-Level Laser with the Intermediate Level as the Upper Laser
Level
Three-Level Laser with the Upper Laser Level as the Highest Level
Four-Level Laser
9.4
CONTENTS
9.5
Radiation Trapping in Atoms and Ions
Electron CoUisional Thermalization of the Laser Levels in Atoms
and Ions
Comparison of Radiation Trapping and Electron CoUisional Mixing
in a Gas Laser
Absorption within the Gain Medium
REFERENCES
PROBLEMS
10
OVERVIEW
10.1
10.2
Excitation by Direct Pumping
Excitation by Indirect Pumping (Pump and Transfer)
Specific Pump-and-Transfer Processes
10.3
Optical Pumping
Pumping Geometries
Pumping Requirements
A Simplified Optical Pumping Approximation
Transverse Pumping
End Pumping
Diode Pumping of Solid-State Lasers
Characterization of a Laser Gain Medium with Optical Pumping
(Slope Efficiency)
10.4
Particle Pumping
Electron CoUisional Pumping
Heavy Particle Pumping
A More Accurate Description of Electron Excitation Rate to a
Specific Energy Level in a Gas Discharge
Electrical Pumping of Semiconductors
REFERENCES
PROBLEMS
SECTION
11
OVERVIEW
11.1
11.2
Fabry-Perot Resonator
Fabry-Perot Cavity Modes
Longitudinal Laser Cavity Modes
Longitudinal Mode Number
Requirements for the Development of Longitudinal
Laser Modes
xiv CONTENTS
11.3 Transverse Laser
Fresnel-Kirchhoff Diffraction Integral Formula
Development of Transverse Modes in a Cavity with Plane-Parallel
Mirrors
Transverse Modes Using Curved Mirrors
Transverse Mode Spatial Distributions
Transverse Mode Frequencies
Gaussian-Shaped Transverse Modes within and beyond the
Laser Cavity
11.4
Mode Characteristics
Effect of Modes on the Gain Medium Profile
REFERENCES
PROBLEMS
12
OVERVIEW
12.1
Curved Mirror Cavities
ABCD Matrices
Cavity Stability Criteria
12.2
Propagation of a Gaussian Beam
Gaussian Beam Properties of Two-Mirror Laser Cavities
Properties of Specific Two-Mirror Laser Cavities
Mode Volume of a Hermite-Gaussian Mode
12.3
12.4
Complex Beam Parameter
Complex Beam Parameter Applied to a Two-Mirror Laser Cavity
REFERENCES
PROBLEMS
13
OVERVIEW
13.1
13.2 ß-Switching 439
General Description
Theory
Methods of Producing Q-Switching within a Laser Cavity
13.3
13.4
General Description
Theory
Techniques for Producing Mode-Locking
13.5
Self-Phase Modulation
Pulse Shortening or Lengthening Using Group Velocity Dispersion
Pulse Compression (Shortening) with Gratings or Prisms
Ultrashort-Pulse Laser and Amplifer System
CONTENTS
13.6
Monolithic Unidirectional Single-Mode Nd:YAG Ring Laser
Two-Mirror Ring Laser
13.7
Laser Cavities
Three-Mirror Ring Laser Cavity
Three- or Four-Mirror Focused Cavity
13.8
Laser Output
Cavity with Additional Fabry-Perot
Selection
Tunable Cavity
Broadband Tunable cw Ring Lasers
Tunable Cavity for Ultranarrow-Frequency Output
Di
Distributed Bragg Reflection Lasers
13.9
Astigmatically Compensated Cavities
13.10
REFERENCES
PROBLEMS
SECTION
14
OVERVIEW
14.1
Introduction
Helium-Neon Laser
General Description
Laser Structure
Excitation Mechanism
Applications
Argon Ion Laser
General Description
Laser Structure
Excitation Mechanism
Krypton Ion Laser
Applications
Helium-Cadmium Laser
General Description
Laser Structure
Excitation Mechanism
Applications
Copper Vapor Laser
General Description
Laser Structure
Excitation Mechanism
Applications
CONTENTS
14.2
Introduction
Carbon Dioxide Laser 511
General
Laser
Excitation
Applications 515
Excimer
General
Laser
Excitation Mechanism
Applications
Nitrogen Laser
General Description
Laser Structure and Excitation Mechanism
Applications
Far-Infrared Gas Lasers
General Description
Laser Structure
Excitation Mechanism
Applications
Chemical Lasers
General Description
Laser Structure
Excitation Mechanism
Applications
14.3
Introduction
Pumping Energy Requirements
Excitation Mechanism
Optical Cavities
Х
Applications
14.4
Introduction
Laser Structure
Applications
REFERENCES
15
OVERVIEW
15.1
Introduction
Laser Structure
Excitation Mechanism
Applications
15.2
Introduction
CONTENTS xvii
Ruby
General
Laser
Excitation
Applications 549
Neodymium YAG
General
Laser
Excitation Mechanism
Applications 554
NeodymiumrYLF
General
Laser
Excitation Mechanism
Applications
Neodymium:Yttrium Vanadate (Nd:YVC>4) Lasers
General Description
Laser Structure
Excitation Mechanism
Applications
Ytterbium:YAG Lasers
General Description
Laser Structure
Excitation Mechanism
Applications
Alexandrite Laser
General Description
Laser Structure
Excitation Mechanism
Applications
Titanium Sapphire Laser
General Description
Laser Structure
Excitation Mechanism
Applications
Chromium LiSAF and LiCAF Lasers
General Description
Laser Structure
Excitation Mechanism
Applications
Fiber Lasers
General Description
Laser Structure
Excitation Mechanism
Applications
Color Center Lasers
General Description
Laser Structure
CONTENTS
Excitation
Applications
15.3
Introduction
Four Basic Types of Laser Materials
Laser Structure
Frequency Control of Laser Output
Quantum Cascade Lasers
p-Doped Germanium Lasers
Excitation Mechanism
Applications
REFERENCES
SECTION
16
NONLINEAR OPTICAL EFFECTS
OVERVIEW
16.1
16.2
16.3
Second Harmonic Generation
Sum and Difference Frequency Generation
Optical Parametric Oscillation
16.4
Third Harmonic Generation
Intensity-Dependent Refractive Index
16.5
16.6
Description of Phase Matching
Achieving Phase Matching
Types of Phase Matching
16.7
16.8
16.9
16.10
REFERENCES
Appendix
Index
|
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| author | Silfvast, William Thomas 1937- |
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| dewey-full | 621.36/6 |
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| dewey-ones | 621 - Applied physics |
| dewey-raw | 621.36/6 |
| dewey-search | 621.36/6 |
| dewey-sort | 3621.36 16 |
| dewey-tens | 620 - Engineering and allied operations |
| discipline | Physik Elektrotechnik / Elektronik / Nachrichtentechnik |
| edition | 2. ed., 1. publ. |
| format | Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4123623-3 Lehrbuch gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Lehrbuch |
| id | DE-604.BV019339003 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T19:57:58Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0521833450 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-012803635 |
| oclc_num | 52541940 |
| open_access_boolean | |
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| physical | XXIV, 642 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2004 |
| publishDateSearch | 2004 |
| publishDateSort | 2004 |
| publisher | Cambridge Univ. Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Silfvast, William Thomas 1937- Verfasser (DE-588)141002182 aut Laser fundamentals William T. Silfvast 2. ed., 1. publ. Cambridge [u.a.] Cambridge Univ. Press 2004 XXIV, 642 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Laser larpcal Lazer Lasers Laser (DE-588)4034610-9 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4123623-3 Lehrbuch gnd-content Laser (DE-588)4034610-9 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=012803635&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Silfvast, William Thomas 1937- Laser fundamentals Laser larpcal Lazer Lasers Laser (DE-588)4034610-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4034610-9 (DE-588)4123623-3 |
| title | Laser fundamentals |
| title_auth | Laser fundamentals |
| title_exact_search | Laser fundamentals |
| title_full | Laser fundamentals William T. Silfvast |
| title_fullStr | Laser fundamentals William T. Silfvast |
| title_full_unstemmed | Laser fundamentals William T. Silfvast |
| title_short | Laser fundamentals |
| title_sort | laser fundamentals |
| topic | Laser larpcal Lazer Lasers Laser (DE-588)4034610-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Laser Lazer Lasers Lehrbuch |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=012803635&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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