Medical applications of nuclear physics:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin [u.a.]
Springer
2004
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Biological and medical physics, biomedical engineering
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | X, 208 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 3540208054 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Medical applications of nuclear physics |c K. Bethge ... |
| 264 | 1 | |a Berlin [u.a.] |b Springer |c 2004 | |
| 300 | |a X, 208 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a Biological and medical physics, biomedical engineering | |
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Medical physics | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Nuclear Medicine |x methods | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Nuclear Physics |x methods | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Nuclear medicine | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Nuclear physics | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Radiology, Medical | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Kernphysik |0 (DE-588)4030340-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Strahlentherapie |0 (DE-588)4057833-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804130504672280576 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
1. Scientific Foundations: The Structure of the Physical World 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 The Atom 5
1.2.1 X rays 9
1.2.2 The Periodic Table of Chemical Elements 10
1.3 Molecules 12
1.4 Nuclei 13
1.4.1 Radioactivity 18
1.4.2 The Decay Law 21
1.4.3 Nuclear Reactions 24
1.5 Elementary Particles 27
2. Interaction of Photon Radiation and Swift Particles
with Matter 31
2.1 Interaction of Photon Radiation with Matter 31
2.1.1 The Photoelectric Effect 32
2.1.2 The Compton Effect 32
2.1.3 Pair Production 33
2.2 Interaction of Swift Charged Particles with Matter 33
2.2.1 Heavy Charged Particles 34
2.2.2 Electrons and Positrons 35
2.3 Interaction of Neutrons with Matter 36
3. Diagnostic Imaging 39
3.1 Projection Techniques 39
3.1.1 Plane Film Radiography 39
3.1.2 Storage Plates
(Computed Radiography,
Direct Luminescence Radiography) 41
3.1.3 X ray Image Intensifier 41
3.1.4 Flat Panel Detector (Direct Radiography) 42
3.1.5 Gamma Camera 43
3.1.6 Subtraction Techniques, DSA 44
3.2 Tomographic Techniques 44
VIII Contents
3.2.1 Back Projection Technique 45
3.2.2 Computed Tomography 47
3.3 Summary 51
4. Detectors 53
4.1 Detector Functions 53
4.1.1 Counting 53
4.1.2 Pulse Height Spectrometry 54
4.1.3 Dosimetry 55
4.1.4 Imaging 55
4.1.5 Timing 60
4.2 Detector Properties 61
4.2.1 Sensitivity 61
4.2.2 Response 62
4.2.3 Efficiency 62
4.2.4 Energy Resolution 63
4.2.5 Spatial Resolution 63
4.3 Types of Detectors 63
4.3.1 Gas Filled Detectors 64
4.3.2 Scintillation Detectors 66
4.3.3 Solid State Detectors 70
5. Radiation Sources 73
5.1 Particle Accelerators 73
5.1.1 Ion Sources for Accelerators 74
5.1.2 Accelerator Magnets 76
5.1.3 DC Accelerators 78
5.1.4 AC Accelerators 83
5.2 Neutron Production 88
6. Radiation Safety and Dose Limitations 89
6.1 Radiation Effects 89
6.2 Definition of Quantities 91
6.3 Natural and Artificial Radiation Sources 94
6.4 Radiation Safety 96
6.5 Radioactive Isotopes in the Body 98
7. Magnetic Resonance in Medical Diagnostics 101
7.1 NMR Basics 102
7.2 Signal Generation 104
7.2.1 Relaxation Times 107
7.2.2 T2* Relaxation 107
7.2.3 T2 Relaxation 107
7.2.4 71 Relaxation 108
7.2.5 Signal Strength in Spin Echo Measurement 109
Contents IX
7.2.6 Contrast Behavior in Spin Echo Sequences 110
7.2.7 Spatial Encoding 113
7.3 Technical Realization 122
7.3.1 Magnet System 122
7.3.2 RF System 124
7.4 Impact of MR Systems on Their Environment
and Biological Effects 124
7.4.1 Static Magnetic Fields 125
7.4.2 Time Varying Magnetic Fields 127
7.4.3 RF Fields 127
7.5 Imaging Techniques Other than the Spin Echo Sequence.... 128
7.5.1 2D and 3D Gradient Echo Sequences 128
7.5.2 Turbo Spin Echo Techniques 128
7.5.3 Echo Planar Imaging, EPI 129
7.5.4 Magnetization Preparation 129
7.5.5 MR Angiography 129
7.5.6 Diffusion Weighted Imaging 130
7.5.7 MR Spectroscopy 130
7.5.8 Imaging with Other Nuclei 131
7.6 Clinical Examples 133
7.6.1 Standard Imaging 133
7.6.2 Neuro Functional Imaging 133
7.6.3 MR Angiography 137
7.6.4 Cardiac Imaging 137
7.7 Closing Remarks 139
8. Isotopes as Diagnostic and Therapeutic Tools 141
8.1 Isotopes for Diagnostics 141
8.1.1 The Principle of Tracer Methods 141
8.1.2 Scintigraphy 143
8.1.3 SPECT 144
8.1.4 PET 150
8.2 Isotopes for Therapy 154
8.2.1 Nuclear Medical Therapy
by Ingestion of Radioactive Isotopes 154
8.2.2 After Loading with Radioactive Isotopes 156
8.2.3 Irradiation Therapy with Radioactive Isotopes 156
9. Irradiation Processes 159
9.1 Determination of Chemical Elements
in Bones, Teeth and Tissues 159
9.2 The Application of AMS in Tracing Elements 160
9.3 Implantation of Isotopes in Biological and Medical Materials 162
X Contents
10. Hadron Therapy 165
10.1 Introduction 165
10.2 Production of Hadrons and Their Physical Properties 168
10.2.1 Negative Pions 169
10.2.2 Neutrons 170
10.2.3 Protons and Heavier Ions 171
10.2.4 Passive Beam Delivery for Ions 172
10.2.5 Active Beam Delivery for Ions 174
10.2.6 Correction for Target Motion 176
10.2.7 Positron Emission Tomography of Carbon Ions 177
10.3 Physical Characterization of Particle Beams 178
10.3.1 Linear Energy Transfer 178
10.3.2 Energy Loss and Particle Track 179
10.4 Radiation Quality and Relative Biological Effectiveness 181
10.4.1 Definition of RBE 181
10.4.2 RBE Dependence on LET and Atomic Number 182
10.4.3 RBE Dependence on Repair 183
10.4.4 Other High LET Reactions Important for Radiotherapy 184
10.4.5 Optimal Choice of a Therapy Beam 186
10.5 Treatment Planning and Indication for Ion Beam Therapy .. 187
10.5.1 Planning for Passive Systems 187
10.5.2 Planning for Active Systems 188
10.5.3 The Local Effect Model 189
10.5.4 Indications for Particle Therapy 191
10.6 Therapy Facilities 192
10.6.1 Development of Therapy Units 193
10.6.2 Future Projects 195
A. Appendix: Units and Physical Constants 199
References 201
Index 205
Boxes
1.1 The Bohr atomic model 4
1.2 Quantum mechanics 7
1.3 The mass of the nucleus 15
1.4 Activity 24
1.5 Cross section 25
1.6 Forces in submicroscopic physics 28
4.1 Counting statistics 57
5.1 Electromagnetic forces 81
7.1 Fourier transformation 117
7.2 K space 120
10.1 Dose 167
|
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| id | DE-604.BV017809731 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T19:22:05Z |
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| isbn | 3540208054 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 2004040694 |
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| physical | X, 208 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2004 |
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| publisher | Springer |
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| series2 | Biological and medical physics, biomedical engineering |
| spelling | Medical applications of nuclear physics K. Bethge ... Berlin [u.a.] Springer 2004 X, 208 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Biological and medical physics, biomedical engineering Includes bibliographical references and index Medical physics Nuclear Medicine methods Nuclear Physics methods Nuclear medicine Nuclear physics Radiology, Medical Kernphysik (DE-588)4030340-8 gnd rswk-swf Strahlentherapie (DE-588)4057833-1 gnd rswk-swf Radiologische Diagnostik (DE-588)4048214-5 gnd rswk-swf Radiologische Diagnostik (DE-588)4048214-5 s Kernphysik (DE-588)4030340-8 s DE-604 Strahlentherapie (DE-588)4057833-1 s Bethge, Klaus 1931-2016 Sonstige (DE-588)131504150 oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=010692896&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Medical applications of nuclear physics Medical physics Nuclear Medicine methods Nuclear Physics methods Nuclear medicine Nuclear physics Radiology, Medical Kernphysik (DE-588)4030340-8 gnd Strahlentherapie (DE-588)4057833-1 gnd Radiologische Diagnostik (DE-588)4048214-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4030340-8 (DE-588)4057833-1 (DE-588)4048214-5 |
| title | Medical applications of nuclear physics |
| title_auth | Medical applications of nuclear physics |
| title_exact_search | Medical applications of nuclear physics |
| title_full | Medical applications of nuclear physics K. Bethge ... |
| title_fullStr | Medical applications of nuclear physics K. Bethge ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Medical applications of nuclear physics K. Bethge ... |
| title_short | Medical applications of nuclear physics |
| title_sort | medical applications of nuclear physics |
| topic | Medical physics Nuclear Medicine methods Nuclear Physics methods Nuclear medicine Nuclear physics Radiology, Medical Kernphysik (DE-588)4030340-8 gnd Strahlentherapie (DE-588)4057833-1 gnd Radiologische Diagnostik (DE-588)4048214-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Medical physics Nuclear Medicine methods Nuclear Physics methods Nuclear medicine Nuclear physics Radiology, Medical Kernphysik Strahlentherapie Radiologische Diagnostik |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=010692896&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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