The real and virtual worlds of spatial planning: with 20 tables
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin [u.a.]
Springer
2004
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturangaben |
| Beschreibung: | XIII, 305 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. : 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 3540407480 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The real and virtual worlds of spatial planning |b with 20 tables |c Martina Koll-Schretzenmayr ... (ed.) |
| 264 | 1 | |a Berlin [u.a.] |b Springer |c 2004 | |
| 300 | |a XIII, 305 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. : 24 cm | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Literaturangaben | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Pianificazione urbanistica |2 sbt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Raumordnung - Aufsatzsammlung | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Raumordnung - Virtuelle Realität - Aufsatzsammlung | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804130243509747712 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | 2 WHAT IS DECENTRALISED GENERATION?
A DEFINITION FOR THE PURPOSE OF THE DECENT RESEARCH PROJECT. IN THE
SCIENTIFIC
AND ENERGY COMMUNITY MANY VIEWS AND NAMES OF DECENTRALISED GENERATION
(DG)
EXIST: OTHER OFTEN USED TERMS ARE DISTRIBUTED GENERATION
AND EMBEDDED GENERA-
TION
1
. FURTHER TERMS OFTEN USED ARE DISTRIBUTED ENERGY RESOURCES OR
EMBEDDED
RESOURCES . DIFFERENT ASPECTS PLAY ROLES IN THE PERSPECTIVE ON THE
TOPIC. THE RE-
SOURCES ACCESS WIDENS THE SCOPE TO ENERGY MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES LIKE
ENERGY
STORAGE AND DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT, COMPARED TO THE MORE RESTRICTED VIEW
ON
GENERATION. WITHIN THE GENERATION ACCESS
SOME SEE AN IMPORTANT DISTINCTION THAT
THE DG UNIT CAN BE PLACED CLOSE TO THE ACTUAL POWER (OR HEAT) DEMAND,
WHILE OTHERS
HAVE RATHER THE WIDESPREAD USE OF (RENEWABLE) ENERGY SOURCES IN MIND, AT
THE SITES
WHERE THEY ARE USABLE WHICH ARE NOT NECESSARILY WHERE THE ACTUAL DEMAND
IS. OTHER
DISCUSSED FACTORS ARE OWNERSHIP, MODULE SIZE, INTERCONNECTION TO THE
POWER GRID,
GRID INTERCONNECTION VOLTAGE, GRID INTERCONNECTION LEVEL (TRANSMISSION,
DISTRIBUTION,
CUSTOMER SIDE OF THE METER). HOWEVER THERE IS NO GENERALLY ACCEPTED
DEFINITION OF
DG, SINCE THE OBJECTIVE OF THE STAKEHOLDERS ARE VERY DIFFERENT. WHILE
SOME FOCUS
ON AN ACADEMICAL DEFINITION FOR ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS, OTHERS FOCUS ON
ECONOMICAL AS-
PECTS OF GRID STRUCTURES, OTHERS FOCUS ON DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES FOR
NON-
ELECTRIFIED REGIONS AND AGAIN OTHERS FOCUS ON ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS.
WHEN DEFINING DECENTRALISED GENERATION
(DG) FOR DECENT WE TAKE INTO AC-
COUNT THE OBJECTIVES OF DECENT. THE POLITICAL BACKGROUND OF DECENT IS TO
RE-
SEARCH POSSIBILITIES TO SUPPORT THE KYOTO TARGETS OF THE EU. THE IDEA IS
BASICALLY TO
STUDY ASPECTS OF TYPICALLY ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY GENERATION
TECHNOLOGIES THAT
BRING ALONG A NEW, DECENTRALISED STRUCTURE TO THE GENERATION NETWORK.
THIS EXERCISE
IS CARRIED OUT IN THE FRAMEWORK OF NATIONAL ENERGY MARKETS WHICH ARE
BEING TRANS-
FORMED TO COMPETITIVE STRUCTURES AND A SINGLE EUROPEAN INTERNAL MARKET.
THUS THE FIRST RESTRICTION OF A DECENT DG DEFINITION IS THAT WE LOOK AT
GENERA-
TION TECHNOLOGIES WHICH HAVE NO OR A LOW ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT IN TERMS
OF CO
2
EMISSIONS. FOR RENEWABLES WE STUDY PV, HYDROPOWER, WIND POWER AND
BIOMASS
(SINGLE POWER PRODUCTION AND CHP APPLICATIONS). ADDITIONALLY
NATURAL-GAS-FIRED
COMBINED HEAT AND POWER (CHP) INSTALLATIONS AND FUEL CELLS WHICH ARE
OPERATED IN
CHP MODE ARE COVERED. FOR CHP INSTALLATIONS AN ANNUAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY
OF
70 % SHOULD BE A BENCHMARK.
A RELATIVELY WELL ESTABLISHED ACADEMIC
DEFINITION (ACKERMANN 2001) OF DG FO-
CUSES ONLY ON THE CONNECTED GRID LEVEL AND
DECLARES ALL GENERATORS THAT ARE INTER-
1
CF. I.A. THE DISCUSSION THAT TOOK PLACE IN THE NEWSGROUP
DISTRIBUTED-GENERATION IN 2000
(HTTP://GROUPS.YAHOO.COM/GROUP/DISTRIBUTED-GENERATION).
4 WHAT IS DECENTRALISED GENERATION?
CONNECTED TO THE DISTRIBUTION GRID, OR ON THE CUSTOMER SIDE OF THE
METER TO BE DG.
THIS SHOULD BE ACCOMPLISHED FOR DECENT WITH AN INDICATIVE SIZE
THRESHOLD, SINCE
FOR POLITICAL AND ECONOMICAL ANALYSIS OF DG THE SIZE OF THE GENERATING
UNIT (AS WELL
AS THE SIZE OF THE DEVELOPING AND/OR OPERATING COMPANY) ARE OF
RELEVANCE, ESPE-
CIALLY WHEN TRANSACTION COSTS AND MARKET ENTRY PROCEDURES ARE DISCUSSED.
SINCE
MANY OF THE STRUCTURAL CONDITIONS THAT DG PROJECTS FACE ARE THUS LINKED
TO THE IN-
STALLATION SIZE, AND INDICATIVE UPPER SIZE THRESHOLD OF 10 MW
E
IS CHOSEN.
HOWEVER, AS DECENT DOES NOT COME FORWARD WITH A LEGAL DEFINITION OF DG
IN-
STALLATION, THE LIMIT VALUE OR THRESHOLD SHOULD NOT BE SEEN TOO STRICT.
DECENT IS
THUS NOT RESTRICTED TO EXAMINE GENERATION PROJECTS THAT MIGHT NOT BE
PART OF THE
FORMAL DEFINITION, IF THEY ARE INTERESTING AS A COMPARISON OBJECT (E.G.
OFF-SHORE
WIND PARK CONNECTED TO THE TRANSMISSION NETWORK).
A FORMAL LOWER SIZE THRESHOLD FOR DG TO BE ANALYSED IS NOT NECESSARY:
THE
EVALUATION OF DG PROJECTS (ESPECIALLY CHP) IN THE CASE STUDIES, HOWEVER,
IS RE-
STRICTED TO SIZES THAT ARE ALREADY COMMERCIALISED OR ARE CLOSE TO
COMMERCIALISATION.
ON THE OTHER HAND, ONE FOCUS OF THE EVALUATION OF FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
ARE THE PER-
SPECTIVES OF SMALL-SCALE CHP APPLICATIONS.
BASED ON THESE CONSIDERATIONS A SHORT WORKING DEFINITION:
DECENTRALISED GENERATION IN DECENT COMPRISES ALL GENERATION INSTALLA-
TIONS THAT ARE CONNECTED TO THE DISTRIBUTION NETWORK OR ON THE CUSTOMER
SIDE
OF THE METER, AND THAT ARE BASED ON THE USE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
OR
TECHNOLOGIES FOR COMBINED HEAT AND POWER (CHP) GENERATION NOT EXCEEDING
A
SIZE OF APPROX. 10 MW
E
.
|
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| author_GND | (DE-588)120360799 |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV017430903 |
| callnumber-first | H - Social Science |
| callnumber-label | HT166 |
| callnumber-raw | HT166 |
| callnumber-search | HT166 |
| callnumber-sort | HT 3166 |
| callnumber-subject | HT - Communities, Classes, Races |
| classification_rvk | RB 10903 |
| classification_tum | RPL 001f RPL 016f |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)249080959 (DE-599)BVBBV017430903 |
| dewey-full | 307.1216 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 307 - Communities |
| dewey-raw | 307.1216 |
| dewey-search | 307.1216 |
| dewey-sort | 3307.1216 |
| dewey-tens | 300 - Social sciences |
| discipline | Soziologie Raumplanung Geographie |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV017430903 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T19:17:56Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 3540407480 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-010502723 |
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| physical | XIII, 305 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. : 24 cm |
| publishDate | 2004 |
| publishDateSearch | 2004 |
| publishDateSort | 2004 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | The real and virtual worlds of spatial planning with 20 tables Martina Koll-Schretzenmayr ... (ed.) Berlin [u.a.] Springer 2004 XIII, 305 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. : 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Literaturangaben Pianificazione urbanistica sbt Raumordnung - Aufsatzsammlung Raumordnung - Virtuelle Realität - Aufsatzsammlung Raumordnung (DE-588)4048590-0 gnd rswk-swf Virtuelle Realität (DE-588)4399931-1 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Raumordnung (DE-588)4048590-0 s DE-604 Virtuelle Realität (DE-588)4399931-1 s Koll-Schretzenmayr, Martina 1967- Sonstige (DE-588)120360799 oth DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=010502723&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | The real and virtual worlds of spatial planning with 20 tables Pianificazione urbanistica sbt Raumordnung - Aufsatzsammlung Raumordnung - Virtuelle Realität - Aufsatzsammlung Raumordnung (DE-588)4048590-0 gnd Virtuelle Realität (DE-588)4399931-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4048590-0 (DE-588)4399931-1 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | The real and virtual worlds of spatial planning with 20 tables |
| title_auth | The real and virtual worlds of spatial planning with 20 tables |
| title_exact_search | The real and virtual worlds of spatial planning with 20 tables |
| title_full | The real and virtual worlds of spatial planning with 20 tables Martina Koll-Schretzenmayr ... (ed.) |
| title_fullStr | The real and virtual worlds of spatial planning with 20 tables Martina Koll-Schretzenmayr ... (ed.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | The real and virtual worlds of spatial planning with 20 tables Martina Koll-Schretzenmayr ... (ed.) |
| title_short | The real and virtual worlds of spatial planning |
| title_sort | the real and virtual worlds of spatial planning with 20 tables |
| title_sub | with 20 tables |
| topic | Pianificazione urbanistica sbt Raumordnung - Aufsatzsammlung Raumordnung - Virtuelle Realität - Aufsatzsammlung Raumordnung (DE-588)4048590-0 gnd Virtuelle Realität (DE-588)4399931-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Pianificazione urbanistica Raumordnung - Aufsatzsammlung Raumordnung - Virtuelle Realität - Aufsatzsammlung Raumordnung Virtuelle Realität Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=010502723&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kollschretzenmayrmartina therealandvirtualworldsofspatialplanningwith20tables |